Commercial vehicle sliding plate type quick-change battery system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery replacement, and discloses a commercial vehicle sliding plate type quick battery replacement system which comprises a battery box, a roller support, a rail support and a frame, the frame replaces an original frame of a truck for transportation, and the battery box is installed on the frame through the roller support and the rail support. The idler wheel support and the track support are of a frame structure, box body connecting plates are arranged on the two sides of the idler wheel support and used for containing a battery box, an L-shaped cross beam is arranged in the middle of the frame, and a locking mechanism and a lock body fixing piece are arranged at the tail end of the idler wheel support and the tail end of the track support respectively. The locking mechanism and the lock body fixing piece are matched to limit the movement distance of the roller support, the rail support is installed on a cross beam in a frame, the locking mechanism is installed on the side face of a cross beam at the middle tail end of the frame, and when the battery box is installed in the frame, the whole battery box is located at the high position of an inner cavity of the frame and located in the middle of a vehicle. The center of gravity is located at the center of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery replacement, and in particular to a skateboard-type quick-change battery system for commercial vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Light trucks, also known as light ordinary trucks, are a type of truck. Their main features are that their total mass is less than 4500kg (i.e. 4.5 tons) and their body length is generally less than 6000mm. This type of vehicle belongs to N2 category in the truck classification and is an important part of the automobile industry. In recent years, with the changes in the market demand structure and the adjustment of the light truck product structure, the competition in the truck market has gradually evolved from being dominated by "medium trucks" to diversified competition in multiple fields such as heavy trucks, medium trucks, light trucks, and micro trucks. As an important part of China's automobile industry and an important carrier of independent development, the light truck industry has broad development prospects. With the improvement of environmental awareness and the promotion of policies, electric light trucks are being used more and more widely in urban distribution, logistics and transportation, etc. In the future, with the advancement of battery technology and the improvement of charging facilities, electric light trucks are expected to become the main means of transportation for urban distribution and logistics transportation.

[0003] In order to ensure continuous operation, electric light trucks have adopted a structure that makes the battery box a quick-replacement structure. According to the battery replacement method, they are mainly divided into side-mounted split-box type and chassis-suspended type electric light trucks. The battery box of the side-mounted split-box type electric light truck is usually designed on the side of the vehicle, which may be to optimize the internal space utilization of the vehicle or to meet specific loading and unloading requirements. This replacement method has poor collision resistance. At the same time, in the process of replacing the battery, it is easily affected by site restrictions, and the degree of automation is low, and most of them require manual operation. The battery box of the chassis-suspended electric light truck is usually installed on the vehicle chassis through the suspension system. This design helps to lower the center of gravity of the vehicle and improve driving stability, but it is very easy to cause collisions and dangers during vehicle operation, affecting driving safety.

[0004] In order to protect the batteries of electric vehicles, a closed structure is usually adopted in the batteries. However, the interior of the closed battery structure is prone to thermal expansion at high temperatures. If the interior of the battery shell is directly connected to the outside, it is easy for water to enter the battery when the vehicle passes through water, especially when the vehicle falls into water, causing it to be scrapped or even explode. Summary of the invention

[0005] (I) Technical problems to be solved: In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a commercial vehicle skateboard-type quick-change battery system, which has the advantages of high stability and fast replacement, and solves the problem of slow replacement and susceptibility to impact of light truck batteries.

[0006] (ii) Technical solution: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of high stability and fast replacement, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a commercial vehicle skateboard-type quick-change battery system, comprising a battery box, a roller bracket, a track bracket and a frame, the frame replacing the original frame of a transport truck, the battery box is installed on the frame through the roller bracket and the track bracket, the roller bracket and the track bracket are in a frame structure, box connecting plates are provided on both sides of the roller bracket for placing the battery box, an L-shaped crossbeam is provided in the middle of the frame, the rear ends of the roller bracket and the track bracket are respectively provided with a locking mechanism and a lock body fixing part, the locking mechanism and the lock body fixing part limit the movement distance of the roller bracket by cooperation, the track bracket is installed on the crossbeam in the frame, and the locking mechanism is installed on the side of the crossbeam at the rear end of the frame.

[0007] When the battery box is installed in the frame, the battery box is located at a high position in the inner cavity of the frame and is located in the middle of the vehicle as a whole, so that the center of gravity is located in the center of the vehicle.

[0008] Preferably, a track wheel is provided at the bottom of the roller bracket so that the roller bracket itself slides on the track of the track bracket. Cross plates are provided on both sides of the frame so that the overall structure is a cavity. The battery box is installed in the cavity, and the roller bracket can carry the battery box and pull it longitudinally along the track bracket to realize pulling the battery box out from the rear end of the frame.

[0009] Preferably, the locking mechanism is a columnar protrusion, which is engaged in a limiting hole in the lock body fixing piece so that the roller bracket is limited during the pushing movement.

[0010] Preferably, a transverse roller bracket connecting plate is provided in the middle of the roller bracket, a die bracket is provided on the roller bracket connecting plate, a transverse track cross connecting plate is provided in the middle of the track bracket, a punch bracket is provided on the track cross connecting plate, and the die bracket and the punch bracket can cooperate to limit the position so that the roller bracket can be limited during the pushing movement.

[0011] Preferably, the positions of the female mold bracket and the male mold bracket on the roller bracket connecting plate and the track cross connecting plate at different positions are different in the horizontal direction.

[0012] Preferably, waist-shaped holes are provided on the roller bracket connecting plate and the track transverse connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, a PDU device and a quick-change plug are provided at the front end of the battery box, a quick-change socket mounting plate is provided at the front end of the track bracket, and the quick-change plug is connected to the quick socket on the quick-change socket mounting plate.

[0014] Preferably, a positioning column is provided at the front end of the PDU device next to the quick-change plug, and a positioning hole is provided next to the quick socket, and the positioning hole is adapted to the positioning column.

[0015] Preferably, a fuse module is provided in the battery box and the PDU device, and the fuse module is connected to the battery box and the PDU device through front and rear end electrical connectors, the battery box is sealed and wrapped, the outside of the fuse module is sealed and assembled with the sealed shell part of the battery box, the inside of the fuse module is filled with granular hot-melt plastic, the front and rear end of the fuse module are ventilated and connected, the front and rear end electrical connectors of the fuse module are connected through horizontal two-end fuse circuits, and an inflatable airbag made of elastic material is installed in the fuse module, the granular hot-melt plastic fills the surrounding of the inflatable airbag, and the melting point of the inflatable airbag material is greater than the melting point of the hot-melt plastic.

[0016] When a circuit fault causes an overload, the current passing through the fuse increases and the temperature continues to rise. When the temperature around the fuse exceeds the melting point of the hot-melt plastic, the hot-melt plastic melts and the fuse blows. The expansion airbag expands due to the heat, squeezing the surrounding melted hot-melt plastic, so that the hot-melt plastic fills the inner cavity of the fuse module, and the front and rear ends of the fuse module are closed.

[0017] Preferably, the hot-melt plastic is made of polypropylene, and the airbag is made of fluororubber.

[0018] (III) Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a commercial vehicle skateboard-type quick-change battery system, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The commercial vehicle skateboard-type quick-change battery system, through the battery box is installed in the middle of the vehicle and the position is relatively high, so that the overall center of gravity of the vehicle is located at the center of the vehicle. This layout greatly reduces the risk of vehicle rollover, because the vehicle has the smallest rollover moment at this time, and improves the driving stability under various road conditions. Inside the frame, the L-shaped crossbeam and longitudinal beam design provide a solid protective barrier for the battery system. During driving, whether encountering bumpy roads, flying rocks or mud and water splashing, these structures can effectively reduce the impact on the battery box and ensure the safety of the battery system. The mechanism of the roller bracket sliding on the track bracket is adopted to realize the rapid loading and unloading of the battery box. This design not only simplifies the operating process, but also significantly improves the efficiency of battery replacement. It is suitable for commercial vehicle operation scenarios that require frequent battery replacement. Compared with the traditional method of unpacking and assembling the frame to replace the battery, this design does not require complicated operations on the frame, which greatly saves time and labor costs. The battery box is located at a high position in the inner cavity of the frame, so that when driving in mountainous areas or uneven roads, the battery box is not easy to scratch the ground or obstacles, which improves the vehicle's passability. Even under complex and changeable road conditions, this design can ensure the safety of the battery system and reduce vehicle damage and maintenance costs caused by poor road conditions. At the same time, the battery box can be compactly installed inside the frame, and the roller bracket and track bracket take up little space, using the smallest space to achieve rapid push-out replacement and push-in installation of the battery box.

[0019] 2. The commercial vehicle skateboard-type quick-change battery system is provided with a track wheel at the bottom of the roller bracket, so that the roller bracket itself slides on the track of the track bracket. The track wheel arranged at the bottom of the roller bracket cooperates with the track of the track bracket to achieve a stable and smooth sliding movement. This design not only reduces friction and wear, but also improves the stability and reliability of the battery box during loading and unloading. The locking mechanism is a columnar protrusion, which is inserted into the limiting hole in the lock body fixing part to limit the roller bracket during the pushing movement. A horizontal roller bracket connecting plate is provided in the middle of the roller bracket, and a die bracket is provided on the roller bracket connecting plate. A horizontal track cross connecting plate is provided in the middle of the track bracket, and a convex die bracket is provided on the track cross connecting plate. The concave die bracket and the convex die bracket can The track wheel arranged at the bottom of the roller bracket cooperates with the track of the track bracket to realize a smooth and smooth sliding movement. This design not only reduces friction and wear, but also improves the stability and reliability of the battery box during loading and unloading. The locking mechanism cooperates with the limiting hole in the lock body fixing part to ensure that the roller bracket can accurately reach the predetermined position and lock during the pushing process, avoiding the safety hazards caused by position offset. The concave mold bracket on the connecting plate of the roller bracket cooperates with the convex mold bracket on the horizontal connecting plate of the track, which plays a limiting role in the pushing process of the roller bracket. This design not only ensures the stability of the roller bracket during pushing, but also avoids damage or falling off due to excessive pushing.

[0020] 3. The commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system is connected to the vehicle electrical system through the quick-change plug at the front end of the battery box and the quick socket on the quick socket mounting plate at the front end of the track bracket, realizing a fast and convenient electrical connection between the battery box and the vehicle electrical system. This design not only simplifies the operation process, but also improves the reliability and stability of the connection. The positioning column set at the front end of the PDU device is matched with the positioning hole next to the quick socket, realizing the precise positioning of the battery box during the connection process. This positioning mechanism ensures that the quick-change plug can be accurately inserted into the quick socket, avoiding poor contact or damage caused by position offset, thereby improving the quality and safety of the electrical connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a side view of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 Detailed schematic diagram of the battery box of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the frame of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 The roller bracket of the present invention is shown in detail. Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 7 The roller bracket of the present invention is shown in detail. Figure 2 .

[0028] Figure 8 Detailed diagram of the track support of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0029] Fig. 9 Detailed diagram of the track support of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0030] Fig.10 Detailed diagram of the track support of the present invention Figure 3 .

[0031] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the lock body fixing part of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the insurance module of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0034] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the insurance module of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0035] In the figure: 1. battery box; 2. roller bracket; 3. track bracket; 4. frame; 11. PDU device; 12. insurance module; 21. roller bracket connecting plate; 22. box connecting plate; 23. locking mechanism; 31. quick socket mounting plate; 32. track cross connecting plate; 33. lock body fixing piece; 111. quick-change plug; 112. positioning column; 121. fuse; 122. hot-melt plastic; 123. fuse; 211. die bracket; 311. quick socket; 312. positioning hole; 321. punch bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system comprises a battery box 1, a roller bracket 2, a track bracket 3 and a frame 4. The frame 4 replaces the original frame of the transport truck. The battery box 1 is installed on the frame 4 through the roller bracket 2 and the track bracket 3. The roller bracket 2 and the track bracket 3 are in a frame structure. Figure 6-Figure 10 The roller bracket 2 is provided with box connecting plates 22 on both sides for placing the battery box 1, and the frame 4 is provided with an L-shaped crossbeam in the middle (see Figure 5 ), see Figure 11-Figure 12 The tail ends of the roller bracket 2 and the track bracket 3 are respectively provided with a locking mechanism 23 and a lock body fixing piece 33, and the locking mechanism 23 and the lock body fixing piece 33 limit the movement distance of the roller bracket 2 by cooperation. The track bracket 3 is installed on the cross beam in the frame 4, and the locking mechanism 23 is installed on the side of the tail end cross beam in the frame 4.

[0038] See also Figure 3 When the battery box 1 is installed in the frame 4, the battery box 1 is located at a high position in the inner cavity of the frame 4 as a whole, and is located in the middle of the vehicle as a whole, so that the center of gravity is located at the center of the vehicle. The battery box 1 is installed on the roller bracket 2, and the battery box 1 is taken in and pushed out by sliding the roller bracket 2 on the track bracket 3. The installation position of the battery box 1 is at a high position in the inner cavity of the frame 4. When driving in mountainous areas or uneven roads, it is not easy to cause scratches, and the passability is high. When encountering bumpy roads, flying stones and splashing mud and water, the crossbeam and the longitudinal beam protect the battery system, and the safety is relatively high. In addition, the battery box 1 is installed in the middle position of the vehicle, and the center of gravity is located at the center of the vehicle. The whole vehicle obtains the minimum rollover moment, which improves the stability of the vehicle. The rolling characteristics of the roller bracket 2 on the track bracket 3 are utilized to realize loading and pushing out, thereby improving the cascade utilization. It is not necessary to unpack and assemble the frame 4 to realize the installation and removal of the battery box 1. Cross plates are provided on both sides of the frame 4, so that the whole presents a cavity structure. The battery box 1 is installed in the cavity, and the roller bracket 2 can carry the battery box 1 to be pulled longitudinally along the track bracket 3, so that the battery box 1 is pulled out from the rear end of the frame 4.

[0039] See also Figure 6-Figure 10The roller bracket 2 is provided with a track wheel at the bottom, so that the roller bracket 2 itself slides on the track of the track bracket 3. The track wheel arranged at the bottom of the roller bracket 2 cooperates with the track of the track bracket 3 to achieve a stable and smooth sliding movement. This design not only reduces friction and wear, but also improves the stability and reliability of the battery box 1 during loading and unloading. The locking mechanism 23 is a columnar protrusion, which is inserted into the limiting hole in the lock body fixing part 33 to limit the roller bracket 2 during the pushing movement. A horizontal roller bracket connecting plate 21 is provided in the middle of the roller bracket 2, and a die bracket 211 is provided on the roller bracket connecting plate 21. A horizontal track cross connecting plate 32 is provided in the middle of the track bracket 3, and a convex mold bracket 321 is provided on the track cross connecting plate 32. The concave mold bracket 211 and the convex mold bracket 321 can cooperate with each other. The limiting function limits the roller bracket 2 during the pushing movement. The track wheel arranged at the bottom of the roller bracket 2 cooperates with the track of the track bracket 3 to achieve a smooth and stable sliding movement. This design not only reduces friction and wear, but also improves the stability and reliability of the battery box 1 during loading and unloading. The locking mechanism 23 (a columnar protrusion) cooperates with the limiting hole in the lock body fixing part 33 to ensure that the roller bracket 2 can accurately reach the predetermined position and lock during the pushing process, avoiding safety hazards caused by position offset. The concave mold bracket 211 on the roller bracket connecting plate 21 cooperates with the convex mold bracket 321 on the track cross connecting plate 32 to play a limiting role in the pushing process of the roller bracket 2. This design not only ensures the stability of the roller bracket 2 during pushing, but also avoids damage or falling off due to excessive pushing.

[0040] See also Figure 6-Figure 10 The die bracket 211 and the punch bracket 321 on the roller bracket connecting plate 21 and the track cross connecting plate 32 at different positions are located at different positions in the horizontal direction, so as to avoid collision at the extreme position of the activity, effectively protecting itself and the battery box 1. The roller bracket connecting plate 21 and the track cross connecting plate 32 are provided with waist-shaped holes, which provide greater freedom for installation and adjustment. By adjusting the position of the bolts or pins in the waist-shaped holes, the matching relationship between the roller bracket 2 and the track bracket 3 can be fine-tuned to adapt to different usage conditions.

[0041] See also Figure 4 and Figure 8The front end of the battery box 1 is provided with a PDU device 11 and a quick-change plug 111. In the battery box 1, the PDU refers to a power distribution unit, which converts the high-voltage direct current (HV DC) in the battery pack into the low-voltage direct current (LV DC) or alternating current (AC) required by the vehicle to meet the power requirements of different electrical components. The front end of the track bracket 3 is provided with a quick socket mounting plate 31, and the quick-change plug 111 is connected to the quick socket 311 on the quick socket mounting plate 31. The front end of the PDU device 11 is provided with a positioning column 112 next to the quick-change plug 111, and a positioning hole 312 is provided next to the quick socket 311. The positioning hole 312 is adapted to the positioning column 112. The quick-change plug 111 at the front end of the battery box 1 is connected to the quick socket 311 on the quick socket mounting plate 31 at the front end of the track bracket 3. The connection is realized by the quick and convenient electrical connection between the battery box and the vehicle electrical system. This design not only simplifies the operation process, but also improves the reliability and stability of the connection. The positioning column 112 set at the front end of the PDU device 11 is adapted to the positioning hole 312 next to the quick socket 311, so that the battery box can be accurately positioned during the connection process. This positioning mechanism ensures that the quick-change plug 111 can be accurately inserted into the quick socket 311, avoiding poor contact or damage caused by position offset, thereby improving the quality and safety of the electrical connection.

[0042] See also Figure 13-14 The battery box 1 and the PDU device 11 are provided with a safety module 12, and the safety module 12 is connected to the battery box 1 and the PDU device 11 through front and rear end electrical connectors. The battery box 1 is sealed and wrapped, and the outside of the safety module 12 is sealed and assembled with the sealed shell part of the battery box 1. The inside of the safety module 12 is filled with granular hot-melt plastic 122. The front and rear ends of the safety module 12 are ventilated (i.e. Fig.13 In the embodiment, the airflow can flow into the interior from the left side of the insurance module 12 and then flow out), the front and rear end electrical connectors of the insurance module 12 are connected through the horizontal two-end fuse 123 circuit, and the insurance module 12 is equipped with an expansion airbag 121 made of elastic material, and the granular hot-melt plastic 122 fills the expansion airbag 121. The melting point of the expansion airbag 121 material is greater than the melting point of the hot-melt plastic 122. The hot-melt plastic 122 is made of polypropylene. Although the generally mentioned polypropylene has a use temperature of up to 120 degrees Celsius, some specially formulated or enhanced polypropylene may have a higher melting temperature, which can approach or reach a melting range of 150 degrees Celsius. The airbag is made of fluororubber, which is a high-performance high-temperature resistant rubber material that can be used for a long time at a temperature as high as 300°C.

[0043] When the circuit fails and an overload occurs, the current flowing through the fuse 123 increases, and the temperature continues to rise. When the temperature around the fuse 123 exceeds the melting point of the hot melt plastic 122, Fig.14 The hot-melt plastic 122 melts and the fuse 123 blows at the same time. When the fuse 123 blows, the heat is concentrated at the disconnection point of the fuse 123, that is, the middle of the insurance module, so that the hot-melt plastic 122 at this position forms a flowing state, and the expansion airbag 121 expands due to the heat, squeezing the surrounding melted hot-melt plastic 122, so that the hot-melt plastic 122 fills the inner cavity of the insurance module 12. The front and rear ends of the insurance module 12 are closed, so that the insurance module 12 is in a closed state, and the airflow cannot flow into it. The hot-melt plastic melts and pushes the airbag to expand. This series of actions is completed almost instantly, effectively preventing the further expansion of the fault. The hot-melt plastic 122 and the airbag are made of high-temperature resistant polypropylene and fluororubber materials respectively, which ensures the stability and reliability of the insurance module in a high temperature environment. The airbag is close to the edge of the insurance module and is provided with air holes to ensure that the airbag can rebound after expansion.

[0044] Working principle: The system is mainly composed of key components such as a battery box 1, a roller bracket 2, a track bracket 3 and a frame 4. The battery box is installed on the frame through the roller bracket and the track bracket, which realizes the flexible installation and removal of the battery on the vehicle. The battery box 1 is installed on the roller bracket 2, and the battery box 1 is folded and pushed out by sliding the roller bracket 2 on the track bracket 3, so as to realize the rapid replacement of the light truck battery. In addition, the installation position of the battery box 1 is at a higher position in the inner cavity of the frame 4. When driving in mountainous areas or on uneven roads, it is not easy to cause scratches and has high passability. When encountering bumpy roads, flying stones and splashing mud and water, the crossbeam and the longitudinal beam protect the battery system and have high safety. In addition, the battery box 1 is installed in the middle of the vehicle, and the center of gravity is located at the center of the vehicle. The whole vehicle obtains the minimum rollover torque, which improves the stability of the vehicle. The rolling characteristics of the roller bracket 2 on the track bracket 3 are used to realize loading and pushing out, which improves the cascade utilization. It is not necessary to unpack and assemble the frame 4 to realize the installation and removal of the battery box 1.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A commercial vehicle skateboard-type quick-change battery system, comprising a battery box (1), a roller bracket (2), a track bracket (3) and a vehicle frame (4), characterized in that: The frame (4) replaces the original frame of the transport truck, the battery box (1) is installed on the frame (4) via a roller bracket (2) and a track bracket (3), the roller bracket (2) and the track bracket (3) are in a frame structure, box connecting plates (22) are provided on both sides of the roller bracket (2) for placing the battery box (1), an L-shaped crossbeam is provided in the middle of the frame (4), and locking mechanisms (23) and lock mechanisms are provided at the rear ends of the roller bracket (2) and the track bracket (3), respectively. The locking mechanism (23) and the lock body fixing member (33) cooperate to limit the movement distance of the roller bracket (2), the track bracket (3) is mounted on the cross beam in the frame (4), and the locking mechanism (23) is mounted on the side of the cross beam at the rear end of the frame (4); when the battery box (1) is mounted in the frame (4), the battery box (1) is located at a high position in the inner cavity of the frame (4) and is located in the middle of the vehicle, so that the center of gravity is located at the center of the vehicle.

2. A commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the roller bracket (2) is provided with a track wheel so that the roller bracket (2) itself slides on the track of the track bracket (3). The two sides of the vehicle frame (4) are provided with transverse plates so that the whole has a cavity structure. The battery box (1) is installed in the cavity, and the roller bracket (2) can carry the battery box (1) and be pulled longitudinally along the track bracket (3) to achieve the battery box (1) being pulled out from the rear end of the vehicle frame (4).

3. A commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (23) is a columnar protrusion that is engaged in a limiting hole in the lock body fixing member (33) so as to limit the position of the roller bracket (2) during the pushing movement.

4. A commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A transverse roller support connecting plate (21) is provided in the middle of the roller support (2), a die support (211) is provided on the roller support connecting plate (21), a transverse track cross connecting plate (32) is provided in the middle of the track support (3), a punch support (321) is provided on the track cross connecting plate (32), and the die support (211) and the punch support (321) can cooperate to limit position, so that the roller support (2) is limited in position during the pushing movement.

5. A commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The female mold bracket (211) and the male mold bracket (321) on the roller bracket connecting plate (21) and the track transverse connecting plate (32) at different positions are located at different positions in the horizontal direction.

6. The commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The roller bracket connecting plate (21) and the track transverse connecting plate (32) are provided with waist-shaped holes.

7. A commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The front end of the battery box (1) is provided with a PDU device (11) and a quick-change plug (111), the front end of the track bracket (3) is provided with a quick-change socket mounting plate (31), and the quick-change plug (111) is connected to a quick socket (311) on the quick-change socket mounting plate (31).

8. The commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning column (112) is provided at the front end of the PDU device (11) and beside the quick-change plug (111), and a positioning hole (312) is provided beside the quick socket (311), and the positioning hole (312) is adapted to the positioning column (112).

9. The commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery box (1) and the PDU device (11) are provided with a fuse module (12), the fuse module (12) being connected to the battery box (1) and the PDU device (11) via front and rear end electrical connectors, the battery box (1) being sealed and wrapped, the exterior of the fuse module (12) being sealed and assembled with the sealed housing portion of the battery box (1), the interior of the fuse module (12) being filled with granular hot-melt plastic (122), the front and rear ends of the fuse module (12) being ventilated, the front and rear end electrical connectors of the fuse module (12) being connected via a horizontal circuit of two end fuses (123), and the interior of the fuse module (12) being equipped with an expansion airbag (122) made of elastic material. 21), the hot melt plastic (122) of the granules fills the surrounding of the expansion airbag (121), and the melting point of the material of the expansion airbag (121) is greater than the melting point of the hot melt plastic (122); when a circuit fault causes an overload, the current passing through the fuse (123) increases, and the temperature continues to rise. When the temperature around the fuse (123) exceeds the melting point of the hot melt plastic (122), the hot melt plastic (122) melts, and the fuse (123) blows at the same time. The expansion airbag (121) expands due to the heat, squeezing the surrounding melted hot melt plastic (122), so that the hot melt plastic (122) fills the inner cavity of the fuse module (12), and the front and rear ends of the fuse module (12) are closed.

10. A commercial vehicle skateboard quick-change battery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hot melt plastic (122) is made of polypropylene, and the air bag is made of fluororubber.

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