Functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residues as well as preparation method and application of functional organic fertilizer
By natural fermentation and mixing raw materials such as wolfberry fermentation residues, the problems of unstable quality and low utilization rate of organic fertilizers in wolfberry fermentation residues are solved, and stable preparation of organic fertilizers and soil improvement are achieved, and plant growth is promoted.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411477490.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-07-12
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the utilization rate of wolfberry fermentation residue is low, the quality of the prepared organic fertilizer is unstable, and may contain harmful substances, which is not conducive to crop growth, and has a high technical threshold, making it difficult to promote.
Using raw materials such as wolfberry fermentation residues, poultry and livestock manure, crop straw, modified biochar, wood ash, traditional Chinese medicine residues and microbial fungi agents, functional organic fertilizers are prepared through natural fermentation and mixing, adding trace elements to improve soil activity and plant growth environment .
It improves the plant growth environment, enhances soil activity, promotes plant growth, provides stable organic fertilizers, simplifies the preparation process, and is convenient for promotion and application.
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Figure BDA0005096501770000111
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular relates to a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Lycium barbarum fermentation residue refers to the solid or liquid residue left after fermentation during the processing of Lycium barbarum, such as the production of Lycium barbarum wine. These residues have potential utilization value because they are rich in organic matter and trace elements. Lycium barbarum fermentation residue mainly includes two parts: solid residue and liquid residue. Solid residue mainly comes from the branches, leaves, fruits, etc. of Lycium barbarum, which are solid wastes formed after fermentation; liquid residue is mainly the liquid produced during the fermentation process, which is rich in organic acids, polysaccharides, amino acids and other substances.
[0003] At present, the utilization of wolfberry fermentation residues has attracted widespread attention. Some companies have begun to try to convert wolfberry fermentation residues into organic fertilizers for agricultural production; at the same time, some researchers have extracted and studied the active ingredients in wolfberry fermentation residues to develop new medicinal products. However, due to technical and market reasons, the utilization rate of wolfberry fermentation residues is still low, and most of the residues are still treated as waste.
[0004] In the prior art, although the technology of preparing organic fertilizer using wolfberry fermentation residue has made some progress, it still faces some difficulties in the actual promotion process. On the one hand, due to the high technical threshold, it is difficult for some small enterprises and farmers to master the relevant technology; on the other hand, due to fierce market competition, some enterprises may be unwilling to invest funds in technology research and development and promotion. And because of the differences in the composition and properties of wolfberry fermentation residues, the quality of the prepared organic fertilizers is unstable. Some fertilizers may contain high salt or heavy metals and other harmful substances, which have adverse effects on the growth of crops. In addition, due to the possible existence of problems such as microbial contamination during the fermentation process, it may also affect the quality and safety of the fertilizer.
[0005] Therefore, how to provide a method for preparing organic fertilizer with stable quality using wolfberry fermentation residue that is simple to operate and easy to promote and apply is a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue and a preparation method and application thereof.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0008] A functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0009] 50-60 parts of wolfberry fermentation residue, 20-25 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 20-30 parts of crop straw, 8-13 parts of modified biochar, 5-8 parts of wood ash, 3-6 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 1-3 parts of microbial agent and 0.1-0.6 parts of trace elements.
[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the modified biochar comprises the following steps:
[0011] The corn cob is crushed and mixed evenly with shell powder and then soaked in a manganese chloride solution. After soaking, it is filtered and dried, and then pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere to obtain modified biochar.
[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the corn cob to the shell powder is (20-30):1;
[0013] The concentration of the manganese chloride solution is 1-3 mol / L.
[0014] Preferably, the soaking time is 15-30 minutes;
[0015] The pyrolysis temperature is 400-700° C. and the time is 30-40 minutes.
[0016] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, corn cobs are used as biomass raw materials, which are mixed with shell powder and then modified with manganese. Shell powder contains a large amount of trace elements, which are mixed with corn cobs and pyrolyzed, and can be adsorbed into biochar. The trace elements in the shell powder after pyrolysis are more easily absorbed and utilized by plants. Manganese is introduced into the pore structure of biochar, thereby improving its adsorption performance, which can improve soil structure and play a certain role in soil improvement.
[0017] Preferably, the Chinese medicine residues include the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0018] 8-15 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 6-9 parts of Crataegus pinnatifida, 5-8 parts of Schisandra chinensis, 2-3 parts of Navel Orange Peel, 2-3 parts of Coptis chinensis, 5-7 parts of Gardenia jasminoides and 1-2 parts of Evodia rutaecarpa.
[0019] The Chinese medicine residue is the residue remaining after the Chinese medicinal materials are extracted.
[0020] Preferably, the microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Lactobacillus plantarum in a mass ratio of (3-4): (1-2): (1-2).
[0021] Preferably, the trace elements include one or any several of copper, zinc, molybdenum, potassium, phosphorus and calcium.
[0022] A method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue comprises the following steps:
[0023] The crop straw is crushed, evenly mixed with wolfberry fermentation residue, livestock manure and water, and then mixed with microbial agents for natural fermentation. After the fermentation is completed, it is evenly mixed with modified biochar, wood ash, Chinese medicine residues, microbial agents and trace elements and granulated to obtain the functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue.
[0024] Preferably, the natural fermentation time is 10-20 days.
[0025] Application of functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue in planting of Solanaceae plants.
[0026] Preferably, the Solanaceae plants include wolfberry, tomato, pepper and potato.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
[0028] The present invention uses agricultural wastes such as wolfberry fermentation residues, livestock manure and crop straw as main raw materials, which are more easily absorbed and utilized by plants after natural fermentation, and the plant ash, Chinese medicine residues, microbial components in the fermentation product and modified biochar in the present invention have a certain improvement effect on the soil, improve the plant growth environment, increase soil activity, and are beneficial to plant growth. In addition, the present invention also adds trace elements to provide necessary nutritional components for plant growth and promote plant growth. Finally, the preparation method provided by the present invention is simple, and wolfberry fermentation residues can be effectively recycled, and the obtained functional organic fertilizer has stable quality and is easy to promote and apply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.
[0031] The embodiment of the present invention provides a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0032] 50-60 parts of wolfberry fermentation residue, 20-25 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 20-30 parts of crop straw, 8-13 parts of modified biochar, 5-8 parts of wood ash, 3-6 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 1-3 parts of microbial agent and 0.1-0.6 parts of trace elements.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing the modified biochar comprises the following steps:
[0034] The corn cob is crushed and mixed evenly with shell powder and then soaked in a manganese chloride solution. After soaking, it is filtered and dried, and then pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere to obtain modified biochar.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the corn cob to the shell powder is (20-30):1;
[0036] The concentration of the manganese chloride solution is 1-3 mol / L.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the soaking time is 15-30 minutes;
[0038] The pyrolysis temperature is 400-700° C. and the time is 30-40 minutes.
[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the Chinese medicine residues include the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0040] 8-15 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 6-9 parts of Crataegus pinnatifida, 5-8 parts of Schisandra chinensis, 2-3 parts of Navel Orange Peel, 2-3 parts of Coptis chinensis, 5-7 parts of Gardenia jasminoides and 1-2 parts of Evodia rutaecarpa.
[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Lactobacillus plantarum in a mass ratio of (3-4): (1-2): (1-2).
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the trace elements include one or any several of copper, zinc, molybdenum, potassium, phosphorus and calcium.
[0043] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, comprising the following steps:
[0044] The crop straw is crushed, evenly mixed with wolfberry fermentation residue, livestock manure and water, and then mixed with microbial agents for natural fermentation. After the fermentation is completed, it is evenly mixed with modified biochar, wood ash, Chinese medicine residues, microbial agents and trace elements and granulated to obtain the functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue.
[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the natural fermentation time is 10-20 days.
[0046] The embodiment of the present invention also provides an application of a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue in the cultivation of Solanaceae plants.
[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the Solanaceae plants include but are not limited to wolfberry, tomato, pepper and potato.
[0048] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials in the embodiments of the present invention are all purchased from commercial sources, and the Chinese medicinal residues are the residues remaining after the Chinese medicinal materials are extracted.
[0049] Normal temperature or room temperature in the embodiments of the present invention refers to 25±3°C.
[0050] The "parts" in the embodiments of the present invention refer to parts by weight.
[0051] Example 1
[0052] A functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0053] 55 parts of wolfberry fermentation residue, 23 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 25 parts of crop straw, 10 parts of modified biochar, 7 parts of wood ash, 5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 2 parts of microbial agent and 0.4 parts of trace elements (copper, zinc, molybdenum, potassium, phosphorus and calcium).
[0054] Among them, the Chinese medicine residues include the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0055] 12 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 7 parts of Crataegus pinnatifida, 6 parts of Schisandrae Chinensis, 2 parts of Citrus aurantium peel, 2.5 parts of Coptis chinensis, 6 parts of Gardenia jasminoides and 1 part of Evodia rutaecarpa.
[0056] The microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Lactobacillus plantarum in a mass ratio of 3:1:1.
[0057] A method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue comprises the following steps:
[0058] (1) Preparation of modified biochar:
[0059] The corn cob was crushed and mixed evenly with shell powder in a mass ratio of 25:1, and then soaked in a 1-3 mol / L manganese chloride solution for 20 minutes. After soaking, it was filtered and dried, and then pyrolyzed at 600°C in an inert atmosphere for 35 minutes to obtain modified biochar.
[0060] (2) Crush the crop straw, mix it with wolfberry fermentation residue and livestock manure, add water that accounts for 15% of the total mass of the crop straw, wolfberry fermentation residue and livestock manure, and then mix it evenly with the microbial agent and ferment it naturally for 15 days. After the fermentation is completed, mix it evenly with the modified biochar, wood ash, traditional Chinese medicine residue, microbial agent and trace elements obtained in step (1), and granulate it to obtain the functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue.
[0061] Example 2
[0062] A functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0063] 50 parts of wolfberry fermentation residue, 20 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 30 parts of crop straw, 13 parts of modified biochar, 5 parts of wood ash, 3 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 3 parts of microbial agent and 0.6 parts of trace elements (copper, zinc, molybdenum, potassium, phosphorus and calcium).
[0064] Among them, the Chinese medicine residues include the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0065] 15 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 9 parts of Crataegus pinnatifida, 5 parts of Schisandrae Chinensis, 2 parts of Citrus aurantium peel, 3 parts of Coptis chinensis, 5 parts of Gardenia jasminoides and 2 parts of Evodia rutaecarpa.
[0066] The microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Lactobacillus plantarum in a mass ratio of 3:1:2.
[0067] A method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue comprises the following steps:
[0068] (1) Preparation of modified biochar:
[0069] The corn cob was crushed and mixed evenly with shell powder in a mass ratio of 20:1, and then soaked in a 1 mol / L manganese chloride solution for 30 minutes. After soaking, it was filtered and dried, and then pyrolyzed at 400°C in an inert atmosphere for 40 minutes to obtain modified biochar.
[0070] (2) Crush the crop straw, mix it with wolfberry fermentation residue and livestock manure, add water accounting for 20% of the total mass of the crop straw, wolfberry fermentation residue and livestock manure, and then mix it evenly with the microbial agent and ferment it naturally for 20 days. After the fermentation is completed, mix it evenly with the modified biochar, wood ash, traditional Chinese medicine residue, microbial agent and trace elements obtained in step (1), and granulate it to obtain the functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue.
[0071] Example 3
[0072] A functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0073] 60 parts of wolfberry fermentation residue, 25 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 20 parts of crop straw, 8 parts of modified biochar, 8 parts of wood ash, 6 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 1 part of microbial agent and 0.1 part of trace elements (copper, zinc, molybdenum, potassium, phosphorus and calcium).
[0074] Among them, the Chinese medicine residues include the following raw materials in parts by weight:
[0075] 8 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 6 parts of Crataegus pinnatifida, 8 parts of Schisandrae Chinensis, 3 parts of Citrus aurantium peel, 2 parts of Coptis chinensis, 7 parts of Gardenia jasminoides and 1 part of Evodia rutaecarpa.
[0076] The microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Lactobacillus plantarum in a mass ratio of 4:2:1.
[0077] A method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue comprises the following steps:
[0078] (1) Preparation of modified biochar:
[0079] The corn cob was crushed and mixed evenly with shell powder in a mass ratio of 30:1, and then soaked in a 3 mol / L manganese chloride solution for 15 minutes. After soaking, it was filtered and dried, and then pyrolyzed at 700°C in an inert atmosphere for 30 minutes to obtain modified biochar.
[0080] (2) Crush the crop straw, mix it with wolfberry fermentation residue and livestock manure, add water that accounts for 10% of the total mass of the crop straw, wolfberry fermentation residue and livestock manure, and then mix it evenly with the microbial agent and ferment it naturally for 10 days. After the fermentation is completed, mix it evenly with the modified biochar, wood ash, traditional Chinese medicine residue, microbial agent and trace elements obtained in step (1), and granulate it to obtain the functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue.
[0081] Comparative Example 1
[0082] A functional organic fertilizer, which is different from Example 1 in that it does not include wolfberry fermentation residue. The remaining raw materials, process steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.
[0083] Comparative Example 2
[0084] A functional organic fertilizer, which is different from Example 1 in that modified biochar is not included. The remaining raw materials, process steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.
[0085] Comparative Example 3
[0086] A functional organic fertilizer, the same as that in Example 1.
[0087] A method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, which is different from Example 1 in that:
[0088] No shell powder is added in step (1).
[0089] The remaining raw materials, process steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.
[0090] Comparative Example 4
[0091] A functional organic fertilizer, the same as that in Example 1.
[0092] A method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, which is different from Example 1 in that:
[0093] In step (1), the method is not immersed in a manganese chloride solution, and specifically comprises the following steps:
[0094] (1) Preparation of modified biochar:
[0095] The corn cob was crushed and mixed evenly with shell powder in a mass ratio of 25:1, and then pyrolyzed at 600°C in an inert atmosphere for 35 minutes to obtain modified biochar.
[0096] The remaining raw materials, process steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.
[0097] Comparative Example 5
[0098] A functional organic fertilizer, which is different from Example 1 in that wood ash is not included. The remaining raw materials, process steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.
[0099] Comparative Example 6
[0100] A functional organic fertilizer, which is different from Example 1 in that it does not include Chinese medicinal residues. The remaining raw materials, process steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.
[0101] Technical effect:
[0102] The same test area was selected to plant Ningqi No. 4, each test plot was 30 meters long and 16 meters wide, with a plot area of 480 square meters, and the wolfberry planting density was basically the same, with a wolfberry planting density of 2×1 meters; the functional organic fertilizers obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were used as topdressing, and all the base fertilizers were uniformly applied in trenches on both sides at a distance of 1.0 meters from the wolfberry tree, accompanied by irrigation; at the same time, conventional poultry and livestock manure topdressing was set as a control group, and no topdressing was set as a blank group. The amount of topdressing was 0.1 kg per plant, and the agricultural management of each test area was basically the same except for the different fertilization.
[0103] The quality determination of wolfberry was carried out according to the method in the document "Physical and Chemical Part of Food Hygiene Examination Methods".
[0104] The single-tree yield is obtained by randomly selecting a wolfberry tree and weighing its yield.
[0105] The per mu yield was calculated by randomly selecting 20 wolfberry trees, weighing their total yield, and then converting it into per mu yield.
[0106] The effects of different fertilization treatments on wolfberry fruit and yield are shown in Table 1:
[0107] Table 1
[0108] Yield per plant (kg) Yield per mu (kg) Example 1 0.545 1823.4 Example 2 0.541 1810.5 Example 3 0.539 1809.3 Comparative Example 1 0.521 1715.1 Comparative Example 2 0.519 1708.2 Comparative Example 3 0.522 1693.8 Comparative Example 4 0.513 1683.1 Comparative Example 5 0.508 1691.5 Comparative Example 6 0.510 1688.6 Control group 0.483 1562.3 Blank Group 0.452 1325.1
[0109] It can be seen from Table 2 that, compared with comparative examples 1-6 and the control group and the blank group, topdressing using embodiments 1-3 of the present invention can greatly increase the yield per mu of wolfberry.
[0110] The effects of different special fertilizer treatments on the amino acid content of wolfberry are shown in Table 2:
[0111] Table 2
[0112]
[0113] It can be seen from Table 2 that, compared with comparative examples 1-6, the control group and the blank group, the total sugar, protein, total acid and polysaccharide contents in the wolfberry fruit obtained by topdressing using embodiments 1-3 of the present invention are increased, the water content does not change much, the fruit flavor is better, and the quality is improved.
[0114] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of wolfberry fermentation residue, 20-25 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 20-30 parts of crop straw, 8-13 parts of modified biochar, 5-8 parts of wood ash, 3-6 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 1-3 parts of microbial agent and 0.1-0.6 parts of trace elements.
2. The functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps: The corn cob is crushed and mixed evenly with shell powder and then soaked in a manganese chloride solution. After soaking, it is filtered and dried, and then pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere to obtain modified biochar.
3. The functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the corn cob to the shell powder is (20-30):1; The concentration of the manganese chloride solution is 1-3 mol / L.
4. The functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soaking time is 15-30min; The pyrolysis temperature is 400-700° C. and the time is 30-40 minutes.
5. The functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Chinese medicine residues include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of Codonopsis pilosula, 6-9 parts of Crataegus pinnatifida, 5-8 parts of Schisandra chinensis, 2-3 parts of Navel Orange Peel, 2-3 parts of Coptis chinensis, 5-7 parts of Gardenia jasminoides and 1-2 parts of Evodia rutaecarpa.
6. The functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Lactobacillus plantarum in a mass ratio of (3-4): (1-2): (1-2).
7. The functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace elements include one or any several of copper, zinc, molybdenum, potassium, phosphorus and calcium.
8. A method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The crop straw is crushed, evenly mixed with wolfberry fermentation residue, livestock manure and water, and then mixed with microbial agents for natural fermentation. After the fermentation is completed, it is evenly mixed with modified biochar, wood ash, Chinese medicine residues, microbial agents and trace elements and granulated to obtain the functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue.
9. The method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue according to claim 8, characterized in that: The natural fermentation time is 10-20 days.
10. Use of the functional organic fertilizer containing wolfberry fermentation residue as claimed in claim 1 in planting Solanaceae plants.