Composite negative plate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite cathode plate and a preparation method thereof. The composite cathode plate comprises a cathode plate body and a cathode bar connected with one end of the cathode plate body, the cathode plate body is of a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel layered structure consisting of a first stainless steel plate, a copper plate and a second stainless steel plate; and the cathode bar is of a steel-clad copper structure. The invention aims to improve the current efficiency of the composite cathode plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cathode plate electrolysis, and in particular to a composite cathode plate and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, electrolytic technology includes electrolytic aluminum, electrolytic manganese and electrolytic copper, also known as hydrometallurgical technology, which has the advantages of high purity and few impurities and is widely used in steel metallurgy, aerospace, nonferrous metallurgy and other fields. During the electrolysis process, metal ions are reduced to metal elements at the cathode. The cathode plate and cathode rod are the main energy consumption parts. Stainless steel will corrode during operation. The decrease in conductivity will affect the current efficiency, and then affect the cell voltage, increasing energy consumption.

[0003] The utility model with the existing publication number CN205099768U discloses a cathode assembly used for cathode copper electrolysis production, including a conductive rod and a stainless steel cathode plate. The conductive rod is formed by explosion welding and extrusion of a steel rod, a special-shaped conductive copper tube and a stainless steel tube. Notches are milled at both ends of the conductive rod to expose the lower half of the special-shaped conductive copper tube to the outside, and a copper cover is welded at the end of the special-shaped conductive copper tube, the cover is built into the special-shaped conductive copper tube, an axially arranged slot is provided at the bottom of the conductive rod, the slot matches the stainless steel cathode plate, the stainless steel cathode plate is connected to the special-shaped conductive copper tube by interference fit, and the stainless steel cathode plate is fixed to the groove edges on both sides of the slot by laser welding; although the structure is simple and easy to process, its conductive performance and electrolysis efficiency need to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite cathode plate and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems of high voltage and low current efficiency of existing cathode plates.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composite cathode plate, which comprises a cathode plate body and a cathode rod connected to one end of the cathode plate body;

[0006] The cathode plate body is a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel layered structure composed of a first stainless steel plate, a copper plate, and a second stainless steel plate;

[0007] The cathode rod is a steel-clad copper structure.

[0008] Optionally, the cathode rod comprises a stainless steel shell and a solid copper rod;

[0009] Optionally, the thickness of the cathode plate body is 20-100 mm, the thickness of the cathode rod is 20-80 mm, and the length of the cathode rod is 90-1400 mm;

[0010] Optionally, two ends of the first stainless steel plate, the copper plate, and the second stainless steel plate are aligned and have the same size.

[0011] Optionally, the cathode plate body and the cathode rod are connected by welding.

[0012] In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the composite cathode plate as described in any one of the above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1, placing a first stainless steel plate on a processing platform, and evenly placing a first support frame on the first support frame, then placing a copper plate on the first support frame, and evenly placing a second support frame on the surface of the copper plate, and finally placing a second stainless steel plate on the second support frame, and laying explosives on the surfaces of the first stainless steel plate and the second stainless steel plate to perform explosive compounding, and after rolling, a cathode plate body with a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel layered structure is obtained;

[0014] Step 2, putting a stainless steel shell on a solid copper rod, laying emulsion explosives on the outer surface of the stainless steel tube, and putting a plastic shell on the stainless steel to fix it, and detonating it by a two-terminal point detonation method to obtain a steel-clad copper round rod, and processing the steel-clad copper round rod into a steel-clad copper flat steel-shaped cathode rod by a rolling method;

[0015] Step 3, machining the cathode rod to remove part of the stainless steel to expose the internal copper rod, machining one end of the cathode plate to remove part of the stainless steel plates on both sides to expose the copper plate, and then welding the cathode rod and the cathode plate to connect the copper plate of the cathode plate body to the copper rod of the cathode rod and the stainless steel plate of the cathode plate body to the stainless steel outer shell of the cathode rod to obtain a composite cathode plate.

[0016] Optionally, the first stainless steel plate, the second stainless steel plate, and the copper plate have the same thickness of 60-80 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the height of the first support frame is 2-6 mm, and the height of the second support frame is 2-6 mm.

[0018] Optionally, the diameter of the stainless steel housing is 25-110 mm, and the diameter of the solid copper rod is 20-95 mm.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] The composite cathode plate in the present invention is a composite of a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel cathode plate body and a steel-clad copper cathode rod welded together, wherein the cathode plate body adopts a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel three-layer structure, which improves the conductivity and electrolysis efficiency compared to the traditional single-layer stainless steel plate. The setting of the composite cathode plate prolongs the working life, improves the overall conductivity, effectively reduces the cell voltage, improves the current efficiency, and reduces energy consumption. In addition, the flat steel-shaped steel-clad copper cathode rod obtained by explosive compounding is roll-formed, and the thickness is controllable, saving processing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the composite cathode plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the side structure of the composite cathode plate shown;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The front structural schematic diagram of the stainless steel / copper / stainless steel three-layer cathode plate body shown;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side structure of the cathode plate body shown;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the steel-clad copper round rod obtained by explosive compounding.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the copper cathode rod in the ladle after rolling is shown;

[0028] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0029] Label name Label name 11 First stainless steel plate 12 Second stainless steel plate 13 Copper Plate 21 Stainless steel housing 22 Solid copper rod

[0030] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the implementation methods and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0034] Furthermore, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in the field. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a composite cathode plate, wherein the composite cathode plate includes a cathode plate body and a cathode rod arranged at one end of the cathode plate body.

[0036] Among them, Figure 3-4 As shown, the cathode plate body is a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel layered structure composed of a first stainless steel plate 11, a copper plate 13, and a second stainless steel plate 12. In the actual preparation process, the first stainless steel plate 11 is placed on a processing platform, and a first support frame is evenly placed above it, and then a copper plate 13 is placed on the first support frame, and a second support frame is evenly placed on the surface of the copper plate 13, and finally the second stainless steel plate 12 is placed on the second support frame, and explosives are laid on the surfaces of the first stainless steel plate 11 and the second stainless steel plate 12 to explosively compound, and after rolling, a cathode plate body with a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel layered structure aligned at both ends is obtained. Among them, the thickness of the cathode plate body after rolling is controlled at 20-100mm. It can be seen that the cathode plate body adopts a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel three-layer structure. Compared with the traditional single-layer stainless steel plate, the conductivity of the cathode plate is improved, the voltage in the electrolytic cell is effectively reduced, and the current distribution is more uniform, which can effectively improve the electrolysis efficiency, and is also conducive to reducing energy consumption.

[0037] Preferably, the first stainless steel plate 11, the second stainless steel plate 12, and the copper plate 13 are of the same size and thickness, ranging from 20 to 80 mm. The height of the first support frame is 2 to 6 mm, and the height of the second support frame is 2 to 6 mm.

[0038] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the cathode rod is a steel-clad copper structure, and the cathode rod is connected to one end of the cathode plate body by welding.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 5-6 As shown, the cathode rod includes a stainless steel shell 21 and a solid copper rod 22. In the actual preparation process, the stainless steel shell 21 is sleeved on the outside of the solid copper rod 22, and then explosives are laid on the outside of the stainless steel shell, and the plastic shell is sleeved on the stainless steel and fixed, and explosive compounding is performed in a two-terminal detonation manner to obtain a steel-clad copper round rod, and then the steel-clad copper round rod is processed into a flat steel-shaped steel-clad copper cathode rod by rolling. The flat steel-shaped steel-clad copper cathode rod obtained by explosive compounding is rolled to form, and the thickness is controllable, saving processing costs, wherein the thickness of the rolled cathode rod is 20-80mm, and the length is 90-1400mm. Preferably, the diameter of the stainless steel shell is 25-110mm, and the diameter of the solid copper rod is 20-95mm.

[0040] Furthermore, part of the stainless steel of the cathode rod is machined to expose the internal copper rod, and part of the stainless steel plates on both sides of one end of the cathode plate body are machined to expose the copper plate, and then the cathode rod and one end of the cathode plate body are welded to connect the copper plate of the cathode rod and the stainless steel plate of the cathode plate body to the stainless steel outer shell of the cathode rod, so as to finally obtain a composite cathode plate.

[0041] In addition, in order to better illustrate the specific effects of the composite cathode plate of the present invention, the following is an illustration through specific examples.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Preparation of cathode plate body: Two stainless steel plates with thicknesses of 70 mm and 80 mm respectively and one copper plate are polished and cleaned, the first stainless steel plate is placed on a platform, a support frame with a height of 2 mm is placed on its surface, a copper plate is placed on the support frame, a support frame with a height of 2 mm is placed on its surface, a second stainless steel plate is placed on the support frame, and explosives are laid on the opposite surfaces of the two stainless steel plates for explosive compounding. The stainless steel / copper / stainless steel plate obtained by explosive compounding is rolled to obtain a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel cathode plate body with a thickness of 80 mm.

[0044] Preparation of cathode rod: grind and clean a stainless steel shell with a diameter of 90 mm and a solid copper rod with a diameter of 80 mm, put the stainless steel shell on the outside of the solid copper rod, lay explosives on the outside of the stainless steel shell, and put the plastic shell on the stainless steel to fix it, and perform explosion compounding by two-end point detonation to obtain a steel-clad copper round rod, and then process the steel-clad copper round rod into a flat steel-shaped steel-clad copper cathode rod by rolling, which has a thickness of 60 mm and a side length of 90 mm.

[0045] Preparation of composite cathode plate: machining the cathode rod to remove part of the stainless steel to expose the internal copper rod, machining one end of the cathode plate body to remove part of the stainless steel plates on both sides to expose the copper plate, and then welding one end of the stainless steel / copper / stainless steel cathode plate body to the steel-clad copper cathode rod to connect the copper plate of the cathode plate body to the copper rod of the cathode rod and the stainless steel plate of the cathode plate body to the stainless steel outer shell of the cathode rod to obtain the final high-conductivity composite cathode plate for electrolysis.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] A single stainless steel cathode plate and stainless steel cathode rod are used.

[0048] Resistivity test

[0049] The resistivity data of the cathode plate of Example 1 and the cathode plate of Comparative Example 1 were measured by a loop resistance tester. The tests were conducted three times, and the specific data are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that the resistivity of the stainless steel / copper / stainless steel three-layer composite cathode plate prepared in Example 1 is much lower than the resistivity of the single stainless steel cathode plate and stainless steel cathode rod in Comparative Example 1. It can be seen that the conductive performance of the composite cathode plate prepared in this embodiment is greatly improved.

[0050] Table 1 Test resistivity data of the embodiment and the comparative example

[0051] frequency 1 2 3 Comparative Example 1 <![CDATA[145.6 μΩ ]]> <![CDATA[145.6 μΩ ]]> <![CDATA[146.3 μΩ ]]> Example 1 <![CDATA[7.37 μΩ ]]> <![CDATA[7.31 μΩ ]]> <![CDATA[7.57 μΩ ]]>

[0052] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite cathode plate, characterized in that: The composite cathode plate comprises a cathode plate body and a cathode rod connected to one end of the cathode plate body; The cathode plate body is a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel layered structure composed of a first stainless steel plate (11), a copper plate (13), and a second stainless steel plate (12); The cathode rod is a steel-clad copper structure.

2. The composite cathode plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode rod comprises a stainless steel tube shell (21) and an inner solid copper rod (22).

3. The composite cathode plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the cathode plate body is 20-100 mm, the thickness of the cathode rod is 20-80 mm, and the length of the cathode rod is 90-1400 mm.

4. The composite cathode plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first stainless steel plate (11), the copper plate (13), and the second stainless steel plate (12) are aligned at both ends and have the same size.

5. The composite cathode plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode plate body and the cathode rod are connected by welding.

6. A method for preparing a composite cathode plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, placing a first stainless steel plate (11) on a processing platform, and evenly placing a first support frame on the first support frame, then placing a copper plate (13) on the first support frame, and evenly placing a second support frame on the surface of the copper plate (13), and finally placing a second stainless steel plate (12) on the second support frame, and laying explosives on the surfaces of the first stainless steel plate (11) and the second stainless steel plate (12) to perform explosive compounding, and after rolling, a cathode plate body with a stainless steel / copper / stainless steel layered structure is obtained; Step 2, putting a stainless steel shell (21) on a solid copper rod (22), then laying an emulsion explosive on the outer surface of the stainless steel tube, and putting a plastic shell on the stainless steel to fix it, and performing explosive compounding by a two-end point detonation method to obtain a steel-clad copper round rod, and processing the steel-clad copper round rod into a steel-clad copper flat steel-shaped cathode rod by a rolling method; Step 3, machining the cathode rod to remove part of the stainless steel to expose the internal copper rod, machining one end of the cathode plate to remove part of the stainless steel plates on both sides to expose the copper plate, and then welding the cathode rod to one end of the cathode plate body so that the copper plate of the cathode plate body is connected to the copper rod of the cathode rod and the stainless steel plate of the cathode plate body is connected to the stainless steel outer shell of the cathode rod to obtain a composite cathode plate.

7. The method for preparing a composite cathode plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first stainless steel plate (11), the second stainless steel plate (12) and the copper plate (13) have the same thickness of 20 to 80 mm.

8. The method for preparing a composite cathode plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height of the first support frame is 2-6 mm, and the height of the second support frame is 2-6 mm.

9. The method for preparing a composite cathode plate according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the stainless steel shell (21) is 25-110 mm, and the diameter of the solid copper rod (22) is 20-95 mm.

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