Method for hanging ceramic plate without keel

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for dry hanging of a ceramic plate without a keel. One specific implementation mode of the method comprises the steps that one end of each suspension piece is fixedly connected with a building main body structure, and the other end of each suspension piece vertically extends towards the outer side of the building main body structure, so that the multiple suspension pieces are arranged on the building main body structure; the clamping hanging piece is fixedly connected with the other end of the hanging piece, and a clamping structure is further formed on the clamping hanging piece; and the bottom edge and / or the top edge of the ceramic plate and the clamping hanging piece are clamped and fixed through the clamping structure, so that the ceramic plate is externally hung on the building main body structure. The embodiment provides an improved ceramic plate fixing mode. A traditional keel is replaced by the hanging piece, and the building outer ceramic plate is fixedly installed through the hanging piece and the clamping hanging piece. Therefore, required building materials (such as keels) can be reduced, and the building cost is reduced. In addition, the overall thickness of the building wall can be reduced, and therefore the usable area in a building is enlarged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of building technology, and in particular to a method for dry-hanging ceramic panels without a keel. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the construction industry, the commonly used method of installing ceramic panels is to use keels. That is, first, square columns are fixed at equal intervals outside the wall to form longitudinal keels. Then, crossbeams are fixed horizontally on these square columns to form transverse keels. Then, external ceramic panels can be fixed on these transverse keels.

[0003] However, the inventors have found that this installation method usually has the following two problems:

[0004] First, a large amount of longitudinal keels and transverse keels and other building materials are required, which will greatly increase the construction cost;

[0005] Second, this installation method tends to increase the overall thickness of the building wall, thus affecting the usable area inside the building;

[0006] Third, in the process of installing ceramic panels in the prior art, the installers often fix them arbitrarily according to the installation position without relevant testing. This easily leads to uneven force and easy damage to the components. In addition, during the process of putting the building into use, there is usually a lack of regular monitoring, which poses certain safety hazards.

[0007] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the inventive concept and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0008] The content of this disclosure is used to introduce the concepts in a brief form, and these concepts will be described in detail in the following specific implementation. The content of this disclosure is not intended to identify the key features or essential features of the technical solution claimed for protection, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the technical solution claimed for protection. Some embodiments of this disclosure propose a method for dry-hanging ceramic panels without keels, which can reduce construction costs and increase the usable area of ​​the building.

[0009] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for hanging ceramic panels without a keel, comprising: fixing one end of a hanging member to a main structure of a building, and extending the other end of the hanging member vertically to the outside of the main structure of the building, so as to arrange a plurality of hanging members on the main structure of the building; fixing a clamping hanger to the other end of the hanging member, wherein a clamping structure is further formed on the clamping hanger; and clamping and fixing a bottom edge and / or a top edge of the ceramic panel to the clamping hanger by using the clamping structure, so as to realize hanging the ceramic panel on the main structure of the building.

[0010] In some embodiments, the suspension member is a suspension support rod, and an external thread is formed at least at the other end of the suspension support rod extending vertically outward.

[0011] In some embodiments, the suspension member is made of a non-metallic material having a load-bearing strength that meets the requirements, or is made of a composite material including at least two different materials, wherein the composite material includes at least a material that is a poor conductor of heat.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method includes using an independent suspension member to fix the ceramic plate; a clamping structure is formed at the lower part of the clamping hanger, and an extension plate is formed at the upper part of the clamping hanger, and the extension plate extends toward the upper part of the clamping hanger; a fixing hole extending along a first direction is formed on the extension plate, the fixing hole is adapted to the suspension member, and the clamping hanger is fixedly connected to the other end of the suspension member by using the fixing hole; wherein, when the ceramic plate is clamped and fixed to the clamping structure, the extension direction of the extension plate is parallel to the outer surface of the ceramic plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, anti-slip grooves are formed on at least one surface of the epitaxial plate to prevent the snap-on hanger from moving relative to the suspension member; and the snap-on hanger is fixedly connected to the suspension member through fixing holes, nuts and gaskets, wherein the gasket also has anti-slip grooves on the surface in contact with the epitaxial plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least two clip-on hangers are provided on the bottom and top edges of the same ceramic plate for clip-on fixation, and each of the at least two clip-on hangers is independently fixed to the other end of a suspension member; wherein, on the clip-on hanger located between two ceramic plates adjacent in the vertical direction, two upper and lower clip grooves are formed, the upper clip groove is clip-on fixed to the bottom edge clip of the upper ceramic plate, and the lower clip groove is clip-on fixed to the top edge clip of the lower ceramic plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the method further comprises using a common hanging member to fix the ceramic plate; the clip-on hanging member is a combined hanging member, comprising a connecting plate and a back hook hanging member, and the back hook hanging member is fixedly connected to the hanging member via the connecting plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the snap-on hanger includes a connecting plate and two back hook hangers; a fixing hole extending along a first direction is opened in the middle position of the connecting plate, the fixing hole is adapted to the hanging member, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the hanging member by means of the fixing hole; the upper part of the back hook hanger is formed with a hook-shaped slot fixed to the connecting plate on the surface facing the connecting plate, and the lower part of the back hook hanger is formed with a snap-on structure matching with the top edge snap-in and / or bottom edge snap-in of the ceramic plate on the surface facing the ceramic plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, a hanging member is provided between two ceramic panels adjacent to each other in a horizontal direction, a connecting plate is fixed to the hanging member, and two back hook hanging members are respectively fixed to two ends of the connecting plate; and one of the two back hook hanging members is clamped and fixed to one of the two adjacent ceramic panels, and the other back hook hanging member is clamped and fixed to the other of the two adjacent ceramic panels.

[0018] In some embodiments, one end of the hanging member is fixedly connected to the main structure of the building, including at least one of the following: the main structure of the building is a prefabricated component, and a connecting member for installing the hanging member is reserved on the prefabricated component, or the hanging member is directly reserved in the prefabricated component; the main structure of the building is cast on site, and the hanging member is reserved during the production and construction of the main structure of the building; the main structure of the building is an existing building structure, and a plurality of mounting holes for fixing the hanging member are opened on the main structure of the building, and when the hanging member is implanted in the mounting hole, structural adhesive is poured into the mounting hole.

[0019] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects: the method of dry-hanging ceramic panels without keels in some embodiments of the present disclosure can reduce the construction cost. Specifically, the reason why the existing ceramic panel external hanging installation method increases the construction cost is that the ceramic panels are generally installed on the existing building structure, such as installing ceramic panels on the exterior walls of the built building. Since the exterior walls of the building have been completed, it is usually necessary to form a keel frame on the main body of the building, that is, to install keels in the longitudinal and transverse directions, so as to fix the ceramic panels on the keel frame. It can be understood that in order to simplify the installation steps of the keel, especially when the size of the ceramic panels is small and the number of installations is large, a whole keel is usually used. As shown in Figure 10, there is a schematic diagram of keel installation, and the whole longitudinal keel (or one by one spliced) is fixed to the wall by using angle code. After that, the whole transverse keel (or one by one spliced) is installed on these longitudinal keels by screws. Then, the hanger for fixing the ceramic panels is installed on the transverse keel. A large number of keels often need to be arranged on the exterior wall of a building. But the real role is often only the keel at the fixed position of the ceramic panel. These large numbers of whole horizontal and longitudinal keels, especially those at non-ceramic panel fixed positions, often result in a waste of material resources, thereby increasing construction costs. In addition, this installation method is cumbersome, requiring the longitudinal keel to be installed first, then the horizontal keel, and then the ceramic panel to be installed through the hanger. This will increase the operation time and affect the installation efficiency.

[0020] Based on this, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method of dry hanging ceramic panels without keels can use hanging parts to replace the above-mentioned longitudinal keels and transverse keels. That is, one end of the hanging part is fixedly connected to the main structure of the building, and the other end of the hanging part is vertically extended to the outside of the main structure of the building. Thus, a plurality of hanging parts are arranged on the main structure of the building to form a fixed frame on the building structure. Then, the installation of the ceramic panels can be achieved by using a clip-on hanging part fixedly connected to the other end of the hanging part. This can greatly reduce the required building materials, thereby reducing the construction cost. At the same time, the embodiments of the present disclosure use hanging parts and clip-on hanging parts, and the two parts can achieve the fixing of the ceramic panels. There is no need for the cumbersome installation of multiple parts such as longitudinal keels, transverse keels, hanging parts, etc. This can simplify the installation method of the ceramic panels and improve the installation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic and that components and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0022] Figure 1 is a flow chart of some embodiments of the method for hanging ceramic panels without keel according to the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-section structure of some embodiments of the keelless dry-hanging ceramic panels disclosed in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0025] Figure 4A , 4B yes Figure 2 Installation diagram of the structure shown;

[0026] Figure 5A , 5B are schematic diagrams of some embodiments of the snap-on hanger;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical section structure of other embodiments of the keelless dry-hanging ceramic panels disclosed in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0029] Fig. 8A , 8B yes Figure 6 Installation diagram of the structure shown;

[0030] Figures 9A to 9D are schematic diagrams of other embodiments of the clip-on hanger;

[0031] Fig. 10A are schematic diagrams of some embodiments of suspension members;

[0032] Figures 10B to 10D are schematic diagrams of some embodiments of fixing the suspension member to the main structure of the building;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram comparing the keelless dry-hanging ceramic panel structure disclosed in the present invention with the traditional fixed structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0035] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0036] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0037] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0038] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0039] Figure 1 The process 100 of some embodiments of the method for dry-hanging ceramic panels without keels according to the present disclosure is shown. The method comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step 101, fixedly connecting one end of the hanging member to the main structure of the building, and extending the other end of the hanging member vertically to the outside of the main structure of the building, so as to arrange a plurality of hanging members on the main structure of the building.

[0041] In some embodiments, the method for hanging ceramic panels without keels disclosed in the present invention mainly involves a hanging member 11 and a clamping hanging member 12. Figure 2 The structure of the keelless dry hanging ceramic panels shown in the figure can firstly be connected to the main building structure Z with one end of the hanging member 11 fixedly. And the other end of the hanging member 11 can be vertically extended to the outside of the main building structure Z. Then, a plurality of hanging members 11 can be arranged on the main building structure Z. Among them, the setting position of the hanging member 11 is usually the position where the ceramic panels are installed and fixed. The main building structure Z here can be a structure used to construct and support to form a building, such as a structural wall, a structural column or a precast concrete external wall panel.

[0042] It should be noted that the hanging member 11 can be fixed to the main building structure Z in the following three ways. For example, if the main building structure Z is a prefabricated component, a connecting member for installing the hanging member 11 can be reserved on the prefabricated component. The specific structure of the connecting member here is also not limited, such as a screw. Optionally, Fig. 10B As shown, the connecting member L can be a sleeve or nut with internal threads. At this time, the end of the hanging member 11 fixed to the main structure of the building can also be provided with external threads. Fig. 10C As shown, the hanging member 11 can also be directly reserved in the prefabricated components of the main building structure Z.

[0043] For another example, if the main structure of the building is cast on site, the hanging parts 11 can be reserved in the process of producing and constructing the main structure of the building, such as Fig. 10C As shown. For another example, if the main building structure is an existing building structure, that is, a building structure that has been built. In this case, a plurality of mounting holes for fixing the hanging member 11 can be opened on the main building. Fig. 10D As shown, when the hanging member 11 is fixed in the mounting hole, anchor glue (structural glue) can be poured into the mounting hole to increase the firmness of the hanging member.

[0044] Step 102, fixedly connecting the clip-on hanger to the other end of the hanging member.

[0045] In some embodiments, the clamping hanger 12 can be fixedly connected to the other end of the hanging member 11. Figure 2 As can be seen in the figure, each hanging member 11 is vertically fixed to the main building structure Z and extends outward from the main building structure Z. The clamping hanging member 12 can be fixedly connected to the other end (the end vertically extending outward) of the hanging member 11. In this way, the clamping hanging member 12 can be fixedly connected to the main building structure Z through the hanging member 11.

[0046] Step 103, using a clamping structure, clamp and fix the bottom edge and / or top edge of the ceramic panel to the clamping hanger, so as to achieve external mounting of the ceramic panel on the main structure of the building.

[0047] In some embodiments, a clamping structure may be formed on the clamping hanger 12. The clamping structure may be clamped and fixed with the bottom edge and / or top edge of the ceramic panel T. The bottom edge and the top edge are usually two opposite sides of the ceramic panel. Then, the bottom edge and / or the top edge of the ceramic panel may be clamped and fixed with the clamping hanger 12 by using the clamping structure. Thus, the ceramic panel T is fixedly connected to the main building structure Z, that is, the ceramic panel T is externally mounted on the main building structure Z.

[0048] from Figure 2 As can be seen in the figure, functional layers for heat preservation, waterproofing, etc. are usually placed between the main building structure Z and the ceramic panel T, such as the heat insulation layer G1 and the rock wool layer G2 shown in the figure. Therefore, in order to reserve space for the installation of these functional layers, the suspension member 11 usually needs to extend a certain length to the outside of the main building. It should be noted that the structure of the suspension member 11 is not limited. For example, in order to simplify the structure and reduce the installation time, the suspension member 11 can be a rod-shaped structure. As an example, the suspension member 11 can be a square rod. At this time, in order to facilitate the installation of the clip-on hanger 12, the other end of the square rod extending outward may be provided with a mounting hole for accommodating screws on at least one outer surface. These mounting holes can be arranged along the extension direction of the square rod. In this way, the installation position can be adjusted.

[0049] For another example, the suspension member 11 may be Figure 2 and Fig. 10A The cylindrical suspension support rod shown in FIG. The suspension support rod may be provided with an external thread at least at the other end extending outward. Thus, by adjusting the length of the nut screwed into the suspension support rod, the installation of the clamping hanger 12 and the adjustment of the distance relative to the main structure Z of the building can be achieved.

[0050] It can be seen from the above description that the method of dry hanging ceramic panels without keels in some embodiments of the present disclosure can use hanging parts to replace the above-mentioned longitudinal keels and transverse keels. That is, one end of the hanging part is fixedly connected to the main structure of the building, and the other end of the hanging part is vertically extended to the outside of the main structure of the building. Thus, a plurality of hanging parts are arranged on the main structure of the building to form a fixed frame on the building structure. Then, the installation of the ceramic panels can be achieved by using a clip-on hanging part fixedly connected to the other end of the hanging part. This can greatly reduce the required building materials (such as longitudinal and transverse keels), thereby reducing the construction cost. At the same time, the embodiments of the present disclosure use hanging parts and clip-on hanging parts, and the two parts can achieve the fixing of the ceramic panels. There is no need for the cumbersome installation of multiple parts such as longitudinal keels, transverse keels, hanging parts, etc. This can simplify the installation method of the ceramic panels and improve the installation efficiency.

[0051] The material of each component in the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited, such as metal or non-metal, as long as it can meet the load-bearing requirements. For example, for ordinary buildings, the hanging member 11 can be metal iron or steel. The clamping hanging member 12 can be metal iron, aluminum alloy or metal combination materials.

[0052] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned suspension member 11 can be made of a non-metallic material with a load-bearing strength that meets the requirements. The non-metallic material here is usually a non-metallic material that is a poor conductor of heat. The poor conductor of heat here is usually a conductor whose thermal conductivity index (such as thermal conductivity coefficient) is less than a specified value. The specified value can be set according to actual needs. For example, the poor conductor of heat may include FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer or Fiber Reinforced Plastic) fiber reinforced composite materials, or other materials with lower thermal conductivity that will appear in the future.

[0053] Optionally, the suspension member 11 may also be made of a composite material including at least two different materials. The composite material includes at least a poor thermal conductor material. For example, the suspension member 11 may be made of a material obtained by mixing a poor thermal conductor material with a metal material. For another example, the main body of the suspension member 11 may be made of a metal material or other material having a load-bearing strength that meets the requirements. Then, the poor thermal conductor material is wrapped outside the main body to form the final suspension member.

[0054] It should be noted that if metal suspension parts are used, due to the good thermal conductivity of metal, it is easy to conduct cold air (or hot air) outside the building into the building, forming a cold bridge, thus affecting the insulation (or cooling) effect of the building. Especially for some buildings with higher requirements (such as low-energy consumption houses). Connectors made of poor thermal conductors such as FRP are usually called insulation connectors. Therefore, here, the use of suspension parts made of this material can reduce or avoid the occurrence of the above situation and improve the insulation effect of the building. In addition, FRP materials have the characteristics of high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, and good fatigue resistance.

[0055] In addition, if a suspension rod made of FRP material is used, threads on the suspension rod can be formed by winding during the manufacturing process. It should be noted that the purpose of making threads on FRP connectors is usually to increase the contact area between the connector and the concrete, thereby improving the bond strength with the concrete. The main purpose of forming threads on the FRP suspension rod in the embodiment of the present disclosure is to achieve a fixed connection with the connecting plate. In addition, in order to ensure the strength of the FRP suspension rod, a tensile test will be performed to ensure that the suspension rod will not be disconnected from the threads connected to the joint.

[0056] In some embodiments, the structure of the clip-on hanger 12 can be set according to the installation method of the ceramic plate. Figure 2 , 3 As shown, each ceramic plate can be fixed with an independent hanging member, that is, there is no common hanging member between the ceramic plates, especially between two ceramic plates adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction. Figure 5B As shown in the figure, the lower part of the clip-on hanger 12 can be formed with a clip-on structure C1. The specific structure of the clip-on structure C1 is also not limited and can be set according to actual conditions. As an example, the clip-on structure C1 can be a T-shaped protrusion. In this case, the ceramic plate can be formed with a slot that matches the protrusion on the surface facing the main structure of the building. For example Figure 5B As shown, the clamping structure C1 can be a clamping slot.

[0057] Furthermore, an extension plate W may be formed on the upper part of the clamping hanger 12. The extension plate W extends toward the upper part of the clamping hanger 12. In other words, the clamping hanger 12 here may be an integrated structure. This can eliminate the assembly process of the clamping hanger 12, simplify the installation steps, and shorten the installation time. At the same time, the integrated structure helps to improve the firmness and reliability of the structure.

[0058] In addition, in order to achieve the fixation of the clamping hanger 12 and the hanging member 11, a fixing hole K can be opened on the extension plate W. The fixing hole K can be adapted to the outer structure of the hanging member 11 and is used to be fixedly connected to the other end of the hanging member 11. In addition, in order to achieve the (longitudinal) installation position adjustment of the ceramic plate, the fixing hole K can extend along the first direction. The first direction here can be set according to actual conditions, such as the longitudinal direction. Here, in order to reduce the installation distance between components, from Figure 2 and 4A It can be seen from the figure that when the ceramic plate is fixedly connected to the clamping structure, the extension direction of the extension plate W can be parallel to the outer surface of the ceramic plate T. This is conducive to reducing the thickness of the overall installation structure.

[0059] In addition, when the suspension member 11 is Fig. 10A When the hanging rod is shown, in order to prevent the clamping hanger 12 from moving relative to the hanging member 11, anti-slip grooves can be formed on at least one surface of the extension plate W. The arrangement of the anti-slip grooves is also not limited, such as at least one of the following: horizontal grooves, vertical grooves or diagonal grooves. In this case, Figure 4A As shown, the clamping hanger 12 can be fixed to the suspension rod 11 by nuts and washers (not shown in the figure). The surface of the washers in contact with the extension plate W is also formed with anti-slip grooves. Figure 4A It can be seen from the figure that by adjusting the two inner and outer nuts, the fixing and installation position adjustment of the clip-on hanger 12 can be achieved.

[0060] from Figures 2 to 4AIt can be seen that for the installation structure using independent hanging parts, each clamping hanging part 12 can be independently fixed to the other end of a hanging part 11. In this case, at least two clamping hanging parts 12 can be set on the bottom edge and the top edge of the same ceramic plate for clamping and fixing. For example, the top edge of each ceramic plate is fixed by two hanging parts, and the bottom edge is fixed by another two hanging parts. That is, each ceramic plate can be fixed by four hanging parts, and no hanging parts are shared between two adjacent (longitudinal and transverse) ceramic plates.

[0061] In some embodiments, in order to further reduce the number of components required for installation and simplify the installation steps, the clip-on hanger may also be used as follows: Figure 5A The upper supporting and lower hanging structure shown. That is, two upper and lower clamping grooves C1 can be formed on the clamping hanger 12 between two ceramic plates adjacent in the vertical direction. Figure 1 As can be seen in the figure, the upper slot can be snapped into the bottom edge of the upper ceramic plate T, and the lower slot can be snapped into the top edge of the lower ceramic plate T. Figure 4B The installation structure shown, that is, the ceramic panels adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are installed by using the independent hanging parts and the clamping hanging parts required by each of them, while the ceramic panels adjacent to each other in the vertical direction can share the hanging parts and the clamping hanging parts. This can further reduce the construction cost and improve the installation efficiency.

[0062] from Figure 2 and Figure 6 It can be seen that a convex structure can be formed on the top edge of the ceramic panel T on the inner side facing the main structure of the building. The convex structure can be matched with the slot of the snap-in structure. At the same time, a convex structure can also be formed on the bottom edge of the ceramic panel T on the outer side facing away from the main structure of the building. And a groove can be formed between the outer side and the inner side of the bottom edge of the ceramic panel T, so that it can be matched with the slot of the snap-in structure. In other words, at one end of the ceramic panel T, the inner side is higher than the outer side. At the other end of the ceramic panel T, the outer side is higher than the inner side. In this way, when installing two ceramic panels adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction, the bottom edge of one ceramic panel can be overlapped with the top edge of the other ceramic panel. In this way, the convex structures on the inner and outer sides are staggered, which can play a role in preventing water seepage.

[0063] In some embodiments, in order to further reduce the number of components required for installation, a common hanging member may be used to fix the ceramic panels. Figure 6 and 7 As shown, two transversely adjacent ceramic panels can also share a hanging member. That is, two transversely adjacent ceramic panels can be fixed with at least three hanging members. This can reduce the number of hanging members 11 to be installed, which can not only reduce the construction cost, but also further improve the installation efficiency.

[0064] In this case, the clip-on hanger 12 may be a combined hanger, including a connecting plate 121 and a back hook hanger 122. The back hook hanger 122 may be fixedly connected to the hanging member 11 through the connecting plate 121. Here, the clip-on hanger 12 may include a connecting plate 121 and two back hook hangers 122. Fig.9D As shown, a fixing hole K extending along the first direction may also be provided in the middle of the connecting plate 121. The fixing hole K is adapted to the hanging member 11 and is used for fixed connection with the other end of the hanging member 11.

[0065] In order to achieve fixed connection between the connecting plate 121 and the back hook hanging member 122, Figures 9A to 9C It can be seen that the upper part of the back hook hanging member 122 may be formed with a hook-shaped slot (hanging slot) C0 fixed to the connecting plate 121 on the surface facing the connecting plate 121. At the same time, the lower part of the back hook hanging member 122 may be formed with a snap-fit ​​structure C1 that matches with the top edge slot and / or the bottom edge slot of the ceramic plate on the surface facing the ceramic plate T.

[0066] It should be noted that the surface of the back hook hanging member 122 facing the connecting plate 121 and the surface facing the ceramic plate T may be the same surface (eg Fig. 9C As shown), it can also be two opposite surfaces (as shown Fig. 9A , 9B ).from Fig. 8A As can be seen from the figure, the back hook hanging member 122 can move left and right along the connecting plate 121, so that the lateral fixing position of the ceramic plate can be finely adjusted. In addition, a fixing hole can also be provided on the back hook hanging member 122. Fig. 9B The fixing hole can be set on the side of the hook-shaped slot C0, or can also be set on the top of the hook-shaped slot C0. In this way, after the installation position of the back hook hanger 122 is determined, the back hook hanger 122 can be fixed to the connecting plate 121 by using the fixing hole (internal thread hole) and screws to prevent movement.

[0067] In this case, a hanging member 11 can be arranged between two ceramic plates adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction. And the above-mentioned clamping hanging member (combined hanging member) 12 can be fixed on the hanging member. Figure 7 As shown, a connecting plate 121 can be fixed on the hanging member 11 between two ceramic panels adjacent in the horizontal direction. Two back hook hanging members 122 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the connecting plate 121. At this time, one of the two back hook hanging members 122 can be clamped and fixed to one of the two adjacent ceramic panels. The other back hook hanging member 122 can be clamped and fixed to the other of the two adjacent ceramic panels to form an installation structure in which two adjacent ceramic panels share one hanging member. At the same time, two ceramic panels adjacent in the longitudinal direction can also share a hanging member, so as to form a structure as shown in FIG. Figure 8B The mounting structure shown can further reduce the number of hanging parts.

[0068] It is understandable that, in order to prevent the clamping hanger 12 from moving relative to the suspension member 11, Fig.9D As shown, at least one surface of the connecting plate 121 may also be formed with anti-skid grooves. This can prevent the connecting plate from moving (such as rotating) relative to the hanging member after fixation. In addition, the back hook hanging member 122 may also be formed with the above-mentioned anti-skid grooves on the surface facing the connecting plate 121. This can prevent the back hook hanging member from moving relative to the connecting plate after fixation. Thus, the reliability of the fixing of the disclosed structure is improved.

[0069] It should be noted that, in the process of installing the ceramic panels, the above-mentioned various clamping hangers 12 can be used in combination. For example, the top edge of the ceramic panel located at the top of the main structure of the building can be used Fig. 9C For example, the bottom edge of the ceramic plate at the bottom of the main structure of the building can be connected using Figure 5B and / or Fig. 9B For another example, one side of the ceramic panel located on the side of the main structure of the building can be used Figure 5A The ceramic panels in other locations can be connected by the clip-on hanger shown in the figure. Fig. 9A The snap-on hanger shown.

[0070] It is understandable that, compared with the installation structure of independent suspension parts, although the installation structure using shared suspension parts has an additional connecting plate, the number of suspension parts can be reduced. And compared with the fixed installation of suspension parts, especially compared with the method of opening installation holes on the main structure of the building, the installation of connecting plates and back hook hangers is simpler and faster. This helps to improve installation efficiency. In addition, the length of the connecting plate in the embodiment of the present disclosure is only a little more than twice the width of the back hook hanger. In other words, the length of the connecting plate is very short, usually about 10 to 15 centimeters (set according to actual needs), unlike the use of a whole horizontal keel as in the prior art. This can greatly reduce the component materials required for installation.

[0071] It should be noted that the reason why the existing installation method will increase the overall thickness of the building wall is that it requires the use of multiple installation components such as horizontal keels and longitudinal keels. And every time some design structures are added to the exterior wall, since each component itself has a certain thickness, and there will be certain gaps in the connection between the components. Therefore, the more components there are, the greater the accumulated thickness and gaps will be. Usually, the overall thickness of the wall will increase. The existing installation method generally increases the thickness of the wall by 15 to 20 centimeters. In this way, the usable area inside the building will be reduced while the floor area remains unchanged. Fig.11By comparison, it can be seen that the method of dry-hanging ceramic panels without keels in the embodiment of the present disclosure can also solve the second technical problem mentioned in the background technology. Since the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure eliminates the traditional horizontal keels and longitudinal keels and simplifies the installation structure, the overall thickness of the main wall of the building can be reduced. The method of the present disclosure can generally reduce the increased thickness of the wall to 9 to 15 centimeters. It can be further reduced according to the thickness requirements of the functional layer. This helps to reduce the overall thickness of the building wall, thereby expanding the usable area inside the building.

[0072] In addition, in some application scenarios, as can be seen from the attached drawings, a receiving groove for receiving a buffer component can also be provided in the clamping structure and the hook-shaped clamping groove. The buffer component here is also not limited, such as a rubber pad, a silicone pad or a sponge strip, etc. In this way, the gap between the clamping structure and the ceramic plate, and the gap between the hook-shaped clamping groove and the connecting plate can be filled, which plays a role in anti-slip, buffering, shock absorption, and improving the firmness of installation.

[0073] In some embodiments, in order to improve the safety of the installation structure, a first detection component may be installed on the suspension member 11 to periodically detect the deformation data of the suspension member in the force direction. The first detection component may be a deformation sensor. It may be installed on the lower surface of the suspension member near the outwardly extending end. The lower surface is usually a surface facing the ground. The first detection component corresponds to the suspension member one by one. The detection cycle here can be set according to actual conditions, such as one week or one month. In this case, the detection data of each first detection component can be input into the analysis and prediction model, so as to output the predicted deformation data of each suspension member 11 in the next detection cycle using the analysis and prediction model. At this time, the monitoring of the building structure (i.e., the ceramic panel installation structure) can be realized by predicting the deformation data. For example, if it is determined that the predicted deformation data is greater than the deformation threshold, a prompt message indicating the existence of a suspected safety problem can be generated. And the prompt message can be sent to the monitoring terminal. In this way, the building maintenance personnel can inspect and repair the suspension member indicated by the prompt message, such as reinforcement or replacement. Thereby, the problem can be solved in advance and the occurrence of safety problems can be avoided.

[0074] Here, the analysis and prediction model can be used to predict data based on the input data sequence. The analysis and prediction model can adopt a self-supervised machine learning method, such as a LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) model structure. It is understandable that the analysis and prediction model here can adopt a pre-trained model. That is, a small amount of sample data is used to train the model until the loss value reaches a preset threshold. This helps to improve the training efficiency of the model.

[0075] However, in some cases, relevant sample data is often lacking. And in the initial period after the installation is completed, safety issues usually do not occur. Therefore, the historical deformation data detected above can be used as sample data for training the analysis and prediction model. That is, the t-1 historical deformation data among the t historical deformation data are input into the model to predict the t-th deformation data. Thus, the actual t-th historical deformation data and the predicted t-th deformation data are used to determine the loss value (such as the cross entropy loss function value) to adjust the relevant parameters of the model. In other words, training and prediction can be performed simultaneously. In this way, as the detection data increases, the prediction results of the model will become more and more accurate. Moreover, the required targeted model can be obtained to avoid the model learning the characteristics of other scene sample data (non-deformation data) and affecting the prediction results. In addition, this model generally does not require labeled data, especially for non-professionals, which can reduce the preparation time of data and help improve the training efficiency of the model.

[0076] The above-mentioned related content, as an inventive point of an embodiment of the present disclosure, solves the third technical problem mentioned in the background technology: in the process of putting a building into use, there is usually a lack of regular monitoring, and there are certain safety hazards. One of the factors for the safety problems of existing building structures, especially building materials installed outside the building, is: lack of regular monitoring. Usually, manual inspections are used or people are discovered and informed. However, manual inspections can generally only discover surface conditions, such as safety problems that have occurred. And there is often human negligence and failure to discover in time. Therefore, in order to solve the above factors, the present disclosure introduces a first detection component. The first detection component is used to periodically detect the deformation data of the suspension. And the analysis and prediction model is used to predict the deformation of the suspension in the next detection cycle. In this way, possible safety problems can be predicted in advance. Measures can be taken in advance to reduce or avoid the occurrence of problems and improve building safety.

[0077] In some application scenarios, in order to further solve the above problems and extend the service life of the components, we can also detect and analyze the force during the installation of the ceramic plate. Specifically, a second detection component can be installed on the snap-on hanger to detect the force condition of the snap-on hanger. The second detection component here can be, for example, a pressure sensor. Especially for the installation structure using a common hanging part. Since the two back hook hangers in the snap-on hanger are fixed at both ends of the connecting plate, the second detection component can be installed at both ends of the connecting plate.

[0078] It is understandable that the method of externally hanging the ceramic panels in the embodiment of the present disclosure mainly adopts the method of lifting up and hanging down. Figure 2 , 6It can be seen that the weight of the ceramic panel mainly acts on the clamping structure (upper clamping groove) that is clamped and fixed to the bottom edge of the ceramic panel. Therefore, for the installation structure using an independent suspension member, a second detection component can be installed on the clamping structure that is clamped and fixed to the bottom edge of the ceramic panel. Among them, the second detection component can correspond to the clamping hanger one by one, and there is a corresponding relationship between the clamping hanger and the ceramic panel. For example, the above relationship can be expressed by coding, so as to record which clamping structure of the clamping hanger is used to fix which ceramic panel.

[0079] At this time, after installing a row of ceramic panels, especially when using a common suspension component, the detection data of these second detection components can be analyzed for stress. This can determine the identification and adjustment direction (such as moving left or right) of the clamping hanger that needs to be adjusted. In this way, according to the determination result, the installer can adjust the back hook hanger on the relevant connecting plate so that the stress of the connecting plate is close to balanced. In this way, the stress of the suspension component can be adjusted, which helps to increase the service life of the connecting plate and the suspension component.

[0080] As an example, the detection data of the second detection component can be input into the force analysis model. Using the force analysis model, the identification and adjustment direction of the connecting plate that needs to be adjusted can be output. In some embodiments, the force analysis model can adopt a multi-task learning framework structure, such as MMOE (Multi-gate Mixture-of-Experts). Here, the multi-task learning framework can generally include an input layer (Input Layer), a multi-gate mixed expert layer (MMOE Layer), a tower layer (TowerLayer) and an output layer (Output Layer).

[0081] Here, the input layer can be used to input the detection data and encoding of each second detection component into the model. The input of the MMOE layer is the output of the first input layer. Its structure is usually composed of multiple networks called experts. Each expert is generally composed of several layers of fully connected layers, and the number of hidden layer units can be set. Parameters can be adjusted according to actual needs. Parameters are not shared between each expert, so the output obtained according to input training is also different. In addition, the number of tasks can be set according to the classification of the data. A gate network can be set for each task. And each gate can be composed of a fully connected layer, and the output is the probability of each expert being selected. This layer ultimately implements different tasks to take different weighted sums of the results of each expert, and then inputs them into the tower layer of each task. The tower layer is connected to the MMOE layer. Finally, the output layer can be composed of a fully connected layer, with the output of the tower layer as the input of this layer.

[0082] As an example, the number of tasks can be set to 3, which belong to the same hanger assembly, are used to fix the same ceramic panel, and are located on the side of the building body (usually the first and last in a row). It should be noted that for the hangers located on the side of the building body, the position is usually fixed and cannot be adjusted. In the case of shared hanging parts, adjusting the back hook hanger on one side of the connecting plate often affects the overall force of the connecting plate. This affects the adjustment of the back hook hanger on the other side of the connecting plate. Finally, the output layer can determine the adjustment plan with the least number of adjustable clip-on hangers from a large number of adjustment plans based on the analysis results of these tasks. This can improve the adjustment efficiency of the clip-on hangers and help improve installation efficiency.

[0083] The above-mentioned related contents, as an inventive point of the embodiment of the present disclosure, solve the technical problem 3 mentioned in the background technology: In the process of installing the ceramic plate in the prior art, the installer often fixes it arbitrarily according to the installation position, which is easy to cause uneven force, resulting in easy damage to the components. One of the factors that lead to easy damage to the components is that the installer roughly determines the fixing point of the hanger at the installation position, and lacks relevant detection during the installation process. In order to solve the above factors, the present disclosure introduces a second detection component. During the installation process, the second detection component is used to detect the force condition of the card-connected hanger (especially the connecting plate). And using the force analysis model, the adjustment scheme can be analyzed from multiple angles, so as to determine the adjustment scheme with the least number of adjustments. In this way, during the installation process, the force condition can be quickly adjusted, so that the connecting plate reaches a state close to force balance. In this way, the situation of component damage caused by long-term unbalanced force can be reduced or avoided. Thereby helping to improve the service life of the connecting plate and the hanging parts.

[0084] The above descriptions are only some preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above-mentioned inventive concept. For example, the above-mentioned features are replaced with the technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure (but not limited to) and the technical solutions formed.

Claims

1. A method for hanging ceramic panels without a keel, comprising: One end of the hanging member is fixedly connected to the main structure of the building, and the other end of the hanging member is vertically extended to the outside of the main structure of the building, so that a plurality of the hanging members are arranged on the main structure of the building; The clamping hanging piece is fixedly connected to the other end of the hanging piece, wherein the clamping hanging piece is also formed with a clamping structure; By utilizing the clamping structure, the bottom edge and / or the top edge of the ceramic panel is clamped and fixed to the clamping hanger, so as to realize the external hanging of the ceramic panel on the main structure of the building.

2. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keels according to claim 1, wherein: The hanging member is a hanging support rod, and at least the other end of the hanging support rod vertically extending outward is formed with an external thread.

3. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keels according to claim 1, wherein: The suspension member is made of a non-metallic material with a load-bearing strength that meets the requirements, or is made of a composite material comprising at least two different materials, wherein the composite material at least comprises a material that is a poor conductor of heat.

4. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keels according to claim 1, wherein: The method includes using independent suspension members to fix the ceramic panels; The clamping structure is formed at the lower part of the clamping hanger, and an extension plate is formed at the upper part of the clamping hanger, and the extension plate extends toward the upper part of the clamping hanger; The extension plate is provided with a fixing hole extending in a first direction, the fixing hole is adapted to the hanging member, and the clamping hanging member is fixedly connected to the other end of the hanging member by using the fixing hole; Wherein, when the ceramic plate is clamped and fixed to the clamping structure, the extension direction of the extension plate is parallel to the outer surface of the ceramic plate.

5. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keel according to claim 4, wherein: At least one surface of the extension plate is formed with anti-slip grooves for preventing the clamping hanger from moving relative to the suspension member; and The clamping hanger is fixedly connected to the suspension member through the fixing hole, the nut and the gasket, wherein the anti-slip pattern is also formed on the surface of the gasket in contact with the extension plate.

6. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keel according to claim 4, wherein: At least two of the clamping hangers are provided on the bottom and top of the same ceramic plate for clamping and fixing, and each of the at least two clamping hangers is independently fixed to the other end of one of the hanging parts; Among them, two upper and lower clamping grooves are formed on the clamping hanger located between two adjacent ceramic plates in the vertical direction, and the upper clamping groove is clamped and fixed with the bottom edge clamping mouth of the upper ceramic plate, and the lower clamping groove is clamped and fixed with the top edge clamping mouth of the lower ceramic plate.

7. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keel according to claim 1, wherein: The method further comprises fixing the ceramic panels using a common hanging member; The clamping hanger is a combined hanger, comprising a connecting plate and a back hook hanger, and the back hook hanger is fixedly connected to the suspension member via the connecting plate.

8. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keel according to claim 7, wherein: The clamping hanger comprises one connecting plate and two back hook hangers; A fixing hole extending along a first direction is provided in the middle of the connecting plate, the fixing hole is adapted to the hanging member, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the hanging member by means of the fixing hole; The upper part of the back hook hanger is formed with a hook-shaped slot fixed to the connecting plate on the surface facing the connecting plate, and the lower part of the back hook hanger is formed with a snap-fit ​​structure matched with the top edge snap-fit ​​and / or bottom edge snap-fit ​​of the ceramic plate on the surface facing the ceramic plate.

9. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keel according to claim 8, wherein: A hanging member is arranged between two ceramic plates adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, a connecting plate is fixed on the hanging member, and two back hook hanging members are respectively fixed at two ends of the connecting plate; and One of the two back hook hangers is clamped and fixed to one of the two adjacent ceramic panels, and the other back hook hanger is clamped and fixed to the other of the two adjacent ceramic panels.

10. The method for dry hanging ceramic panels without keels according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The method of fixedly connecting one end of the suspension member to the main structure of the building includes at least one of the following: The main building structure is a prefabricated component, and a connecting piece for installing the hanging piece is reserved on the prefabricated component, or the hanging piece is directly reserved in the prefabricated component; The main building structure is cast on site, and the hanging parts are reserved during the production and construction of the main building structure; The main building structure is an existing building structure, and a plurality of mounting holes for fixing the hanging parts are provided on the main building structure. When the hanging parts are implanted in the mounting holes, structural adhesive is poured into the mounting holes.

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