Combined water environment monitoring device convenient to disassemble and assemble and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water quality detection, in particular to a combined water environment monitoring device convenient to disassemble and assemble and a use method. The technical problem to be solved is that an existing water environment monitoring device cannot accurately position and collect a detection sample under the influence of water flow. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a shell and further comprises a threaded cylinder frame, the threaded cylinder frame is in threaded connection with the interior of the shell, a winding cylinder is rotationally connected into the threaded cylinder frame, and the threaded cylinder frame is fixedly connected with a first waterproof shell. The device has the beneficial effects that the high-density shell is high in density and small in buoyancy influence, so that the first driving disc can be driven to move downwards in water, the first driving disc is rotated by utilizing water pressure, the sliding valve block is further driven to slide, and a water sample is collected by the liquid storage barrel and is rapidly detected; and the high-density shell can drive the spherical claw to dig sludge at the water bottom to serve as a sample, positioning is provided for the device, the water sample collection efficiency and the water area positioning precision are improved, and the water sample detection result precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water quality detection, and in particular to a combined water environment monitoring device that is easy to assemble and disassemble and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Water quality testing refers to the process of monitoring and analyzing the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water through a series of scientific methods and technical means. Its purpose is to evaluate whether the water quality meets specific environmental standards or drinking water standards to ensure the sustainable use of water resources and the safety of the water environment.

[0003] Existing water environment monitoring devices are divided into fixed and mobile types according to speed requirements. Among them, mobile water environment monitoring devices mainly detect the turbidity, color and other physical or chemical properties of water that can be quickly identified. However, existing mobile water environment monitoring devices rely on the hull to move on the water surface, which is easily affected by the water flow and cannot be fixed in position, so it is impossible to accurately locate and collect the test samples, which in turn causes deviations in the results of water quality testing. In addition, when collecting upper suspended matter and insoluble pollutants in local waters, existing mobile water environment monitoring devices are easily affected by the surrounding waters, resulting in a large deviation between the water quality test results and the actual water quality results, which seriously affects water quality testing and analysis. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing water environment monitoring devices that are affected by water flow and cannot accurately locate and collect test samples, the technical problem to be solved is: to provide a combined water environment monitoring device that can be positioned on water and is easy to disassemble and assemble, and a method of use.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a combined water environment monitoring device that is easy to disassemble and assemble, comprising a shell, and also comprising a threaded barrel rack, the shell internally threadedly connected with the threaded barrel rack, the threaded barrel rack rotatably connected with a winding barrel and fixedly connected with a first waterproof shell, the first waterproof shell internally rotatably connected with a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear that mesh with each other, the first bevel gear rotatably connected with a first ratchet gear, the first bevel gear internally slidably connected with a first ratchet rod, a first spring is connected between the first bevel gear and the first ratchet rod, the first ratchet rod cooperates with the first ratchet gear, the first waterproof shell internally rotatably connected with a third bevel gear, the third bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear, one side of the third bevel gear is rotatably connected with a second ratchet gear, the third bevel gear internally slidably connected with a second ratchet rod, the third bevel gear and the second ratchet rod are connected with a second spring, the second ratchet gear and the second ratchet rod cooperate with each other, the first ratchet gear and the second ratchet gear are fixedly connected, a first motor is fixedly installed at one end of the first waterproof shell, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a rotating sleeve, which is rotatably connected inside the winding cylinder, the rotating sleeve is fixedly connected to the second ratchet gear, a clamping block is symmetrically slidably connected inside the rotating sleeve, the clamping block cooperates with the winding cylinder, a third spring is connected between the two clamping blocks, an electric telescopic rod is installed in the threaded tube frame, the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is located inside the rotating sleeve and cooperates with the clamping block.

[0007] Preferably, a connecting seat is further included, a thin rope is wound on the winding cylinder, one end of the thin rope is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, a sealing cover is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the connecting seat, and the outer wall of the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the high-density shell.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a first driving disk, which is sealed and rotatably connected in the high-density shell, the top of the first driving disk is in sealing contact with the cover, a toggle plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first driving disk, a first through hole is provided on the cover, a clockwork spring is connected between the toggle plate and the connecting seat, and the toggle plate is rotatably connected to the connecting seat, a sliding valve block is axially distributed and slidably connected in the high-density shell, a plate-shaped protrusion is provided at the bottom of the toggle plate, the sliding valve block cooperates with the protrusion at the bottom of the toggle plate, a fourth spring is connected between the bottom of the sliding valve block and the high-density shell, a detection unit is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting seat, a liquid storage cylinder is fixedly installed circumferentially on the detection unit, the liquid storage cylinder is slidably connected to the sliding valve block, a second through hole is provided circumferentially on the high-density shell, a third through hole is provided on the sliding valve block, a first conductive rod is circumferentially installed on the detection unit, a second conductive rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder, and the first conductive rod and the second conductive rod are both electrically connected to the detection unit.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes spherical claws and a supporting slide cylinder, a plurality of spherical claws are circumferentially distributed and rotatably connected to the outer wall of the high-density shell, and a supporting slide cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the high-density shell, a soft rubber strip is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting slide cylinder, and a sliding cone head column is slidably connected to the inside of the supporting slide cylinder, the sliding cone head column is clamped with the soft rubber strip, and a plurality of spherical claws are rotatably connected to the sliding cone head column together, an arc strip is circumferentially distributed on the sliding cone head column, the arc strip is located below the gap between the plurality of spherical claws, and a sixth spring is connected between the sliding cone head column and the supporting slide cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, a second driving disk is further included, the second driving disk is rotatably connected to the top of the shell, a plurality of first sliding grooves are circumferentially distributed on the shell, a plurality of second sliding grooves are circumferentially distributed on the second driving disk, the first sliding grooves and the second sliding grooves are slidably connected to a sliding frame, the sliding frame is slidably connected to the shell, and a floating block is fixed to one side of the sliding frame.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a fixing ring and an adsorption net, the fixing ring is fixed to the bottom of the shell, a fifth spring is fixed to the fixing ring, one end of the fifth spring is a hook, and the adsorption net is slidably connected between two adjacent sliding frames, and the hook of the fifth spring is connected to the adsorption net.

[0012] Preferably, a propulsion cylinder is also included, and a plurality of propulsion cylinders are fixedly connected to the circumferentially distributed outer wall of the shell, and a fourth through hole is opened in the circumferentially distributed outer wall of the propulsion cylinder. A second motor and a second waterproof shell are installed in the propulsion cylinder, and the second motor is located inside the second waterproof shell. The output shaft of the second motor passes through the propulsion cylinder and is fixedly connected to a propeller.

[0013] Preferably, an isolation plate and a clamping strip are also included, an isolation plate is fixedly connected inside the threaded tube frame, and a plurality of clamping strips are fixedly connected thereto in a circumferential direction, a breathable block is clamped together with the plurality of clamping strips, a support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the breathable block, a third waterproof shell is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, and a third motor is installed thereon, the third motor is located inside the third waterproof shell, an output shaft of the third motor passes through the support frame, and is fixedly connected to a Y-shaped rotating frame, a third slide groove is circumferentially distributed on the top of the second drive disk, and the Y-shaped rotating frame is slidably clamped to the third slide groove.

[0014] Preferably, a method for using a combined water environment monitoring device that is easy to assemble and disassemble comprises the following steps: S1: Screw the threaded barrel rack into the housing to complete the clamping of the threaded barrel rack, insert the air permeable block into the threaded barrel rack, clamp the air permeable block with a plurality of clamping strips, make the Y-shaped rotating frame contact and clamp with the third slide groove of the second driving disk, clamp the adsorption net into two adjacent sliding frames, and clamp the hook of the fifth spring with the adsorption net to complete the clamping assembly of the device; S2: placing the device on the water surface, starting the second motor, and the output shaft of the second motor drives the blade to rotate, and the reaction force of the water flow pushes the device to move until the device moves to the designated detection position; S3: Start the electric telescopic rod to shrink the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod, so that the high-density shell moves downward under the action of gravity, and the water pressure drives the first driving disk to rotate, so that the first driving disk drives the sliding valve block to move, so that the third through hole is connected with the second through hole of the high-density shell and the liquid storage cylinder, and the water flows into the liquid storage cylinder to realize the collection of water samples at different water depths, and then the first conductive rod and the second conductive rod are energized through the detection unit to determine the content of soluble matter in the water sample, so as to realize the rapid detection of soluble matter in the water sample; S4: The high-density housing drives the spherical claws and the sliding cone head column to be inserted into the mud, and drives a plurality of spherical claws to grab the mud, and the sliding cone head column is positioned at the bottom of the water, and the electric telescopic rod is started, so that the winding drum is frictionally limited by the block, and the first motor is started, and the winding drum is rotated and the pull rope is straightened through the cooperation of the first ratchet gear and the first ratchet rod, so that the length of the thin rope does not change after being straightened, and the device is further positioned on the water, and the winding drum does not rotate after the pull rope is straightened; S5: starting the third motor, the output shaft of the third motor rotates to unfold the adsorption net, and then adjusting the second motor to drive the insoluble pollutants and upper suspended matter in the water flow to approach the adsorption net, so that the adsorption net adsorbs the insoluble pollutants and upper suspended matter on the water surface; S6: Start the third motor, and the output shaft of the third motor rotates to drive the two ends of the adsorption net to approach each other. The adsorption net presents a V-shape to wrap the upper suspended matter, so as to achieve limited position capture of the upper suspended matter, so as to facilitate analysis of the upper suspended matter after the device is recovered; S7: Start the first motor, the output shaft of the first motor rotates counterclockwise to drive the winding drum to rotate counterclockwise, so that the thin rope is further wound up, and the spherical claw carries the silt to achieve height reset, and at the same time the spring drives the first driving disk to rotate, so that the first driving disk drives the sliding valve block to move downward, so that the liquid storage cylinder is connected with the outside and the water sample is replaced; S8: Adjust the second motor so that the output shaft of the second motor resumes forward rotation, and the device re-executes the movement action in step S2 until the device moves to the recovery point, completing the recovery of the device and the acquisition of the sample.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the invention are: 1. The present application is installed with a high-density shell. Due to the high density of the high-density shell, the buoyancy effect is small, and the first drive disk can be driven to move downward in the water, and the water pressure is used to rotate the first drive disk, thereby driving the sliding valve block to slide, so that the liquid storage cylinder collects water samples and quickly detects them. The high-density shell can drive the spherical claws to dig out the silt on the bottom of the water as a sample, and provide positioning for the device, thereby improving the efficiency of water sample collection and the accuracy of water area positioning, and improving the accuracy of water sample detection results.

[0016] 2. The present application is equipped with a first ratchet rod and a first ratchet gear. When the first ratchet rod rotates to drive the first ratchet gear, since the contact end of the first ratchet rod and the first ratchet gear is circular, when the first ratchet rod exerts a greater pressure on the first ratchet gear, the first ratchet rod will slide away from the axis of the first ratchet gear, thereby compressing the first spring, so that the first ratchet rod will slide back and forth as the first bevel gear rotates. The first spring is cyclically compressed and released, so that the length of the thin rope no longer changes after it is further straightened, thereby achieving further positioning of the device on the water and further improving the accuracy of water quality detection.

[0017] 3. The present application is equipped with floating blocks. When two adjacent floating blocks are in contact, the adsorption net can be protected from being contaminated by the surrounding insoluble pollutants and upper suspended matter. When the two adjacent floating blocks are separated, the stability is improved by increasing their own horizontal area, and the adsorption net can adsorb the surrounding upper suspended matter and insoluble pollutants. When the two adjacent floating blocks are in contact again, the adsorption net will wrap the larger upper suspended matter, thereby achieving limited capture of the upper suspended matter, improving the sampling efficiency of the device, protecting the adsorption net from pollution by the surrounding waters, and improving the accuracy of water quality detection.

[0018] 4. The present application is equipped with a threaded barrel rack, a breathable block, a Y-shaped rotating rack and an adsorption net. The threaded barrel rack is threadedly connected to the shell, the breathable block and the threaded barrel rack are clamped by a clamping strip, the Y-shaped rotating rack is slidably clamped to the second drive disk, and the adsorption net is clamped to the sliding rack. The clamping structure is used in many places in the device, which makes the device easy to install, helps to replace the parts of the device in time, and facilitates later maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second viewing angle of the present invention; Figure 3 A half-section schematic diagram of a housing of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial cutaway schematic diagram of the threaded barrel holder of the present invention; Figure 5 is a half-section schematic diagram of a first waterproof housing of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first ratchet gear of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first ratchet rod of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial cutaway schematic diagram of the first driving disk of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding valve block of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a half-section schematic diagram of the propulsion cylinder of the present invention; Fig.11 For the present invention Figure 3 A is an enlarged schematic diagram.

[0020] In the accompanying drawings: 1-housing, 2-threaded cylinder rack, 3-winding cylinder, 4-first waterproof housing, 5-first bevel gear, 6-second bevel gear, 7-first ratchet gear, 8-first ratchet rod, 9-third bevel gear, 901-second ratchet gear, 902-rotating sleeve, 903-block, 904-electric telescopic rod, 10-second ratchet rod, 11-first motor, 12-connecting seat, 13-cover, 14-high-density housing, 15-first drive disk, 16-sliding plate, 17-sliding valve block, 18-detection unit , 19-liquid storage cylinder, 20-first conductive rod, 21-second conductive rod, 22-spherical claw, 23-support slide cylinder, 24-soft rubber card strip, 25-sliding cone head column, 26-second drive disk, 27-sliding frame, 28-floating block, 29-fixed ring, 30-adsorption net, 31-propulsion cylinder, 32-second motor, 33-second waterproof shell, 34-blade propeller, 35-isolation plate, 36-card strip, 37-air permeable block, 38-support frame, 39-third waterproof shell, 40-third motor, 41-Y-type rotating frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0022] A combined water environment monitoring device that is easy to disassemble and assemble, such as Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, it includes a shell 1 and a threaded barrel rack 2. The shell 1 is internally threadedly connected to the threaded barrel rack 2. The threaded barrel rack 2 is rotatably connected to a winding barrel 3 and fixed to a first waterproof shell 4. The first waterproof shell 4 is rotatably connected to a first bevel gear 5 and a second bevel gear 6 that mesh with each other. The first bevel gear 5 is rotatably connected to a first ratchet gear 7. The first bevel gear 5 is internally slidably connected to a first ratchet rod 8. One end of the first ratchet rod 8 is circular. A first spring is connected between the first bevel gear 5 and the first ratchet rod 8. The first ratchet rod 8 cooperates with the first ratchet gear 7. A third bevel gear 9 is rotatably connected inside the water housing 4, and the third bevel gear 9 is meshed with the second bevel gear 6. A second ratchet gear 901 is rotatably connected to one side of the third bevel gear 9. A second ratchet rod 10 is slidably connected inside the third bevel gear 9, and one end of the second ratchet rod 10 is wedge-shaped. A second spring is connected between the third bevel gear 9 and the second ratchet rod 10, and the second ratchet gear 901 cooperates with the second ratchet rod 10. The first ratchet gear 7 is fixedly connected to the second ratchet gear 901. A first motor 11 is fixedly installed at one end of the first waterproof housing 4, and the output shaft of the first motor 11 is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 5.

[0023] like Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a rotating sleeve 902, which is rotatably connected inside the winding cylinder 3, and the rotating sleeve 902 is fixedly connected to the second ratchet gear 901. A clamping block 903 is symmetrically slidably connected inside the rotating sleeve 902, and the clamping block 903 cooperates with the winding cylinder 3. A third spring is connected between the two clamping blocks 903. An electric telescopic rod 904 is installed in the threaded cylinder frame 2, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 904 is located inside the rotating sleeve 902 and cooperates with the clamping block 903. The clamping block 903 is provided with an inclined surface, which helps the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 904 to squeeze the clamping block 903.

[0024] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a connecting seat 12, a thin rope is wound on the winding tube 3, one end of the thin rope is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 12, a cover 13 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the connecting seat 12, and a high-density shell 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cover 13. When the high-density shell 14 falls, it is less affected by the buoyancy of water, which helps to position the shell 1.

[0025] like Figure 8-Figure 9 As shown, it also includes a first drive disk 15, the first drive disk 15 is sealed and rotatably connected in the high-density shell 14, the top of the first drive disk 15 is in sealing contact with the cover 13, and the bottom of the first drive disk 15 is fixedly connected to a toggle plate 16, the cover 13, the high-density shell 14 and the first drive disk 15 form a cavity, the cover 13 is provided with a first through hole, the cavity is connected to the outside through the first through hole, a clockwork spring is connected between the toggle plate 16 and the connecting seat 12, and the toggle plate 16 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 12, and a sliding valve block 17 is axially distributed and slidably connected in the high-density shell 14, a plate-shaped protrusion is provided at the bottom of the toggle plate 16, and the sliding valve block 17 and the toggle plate 16 are connected. The protrusion at the bottom cooperates, a fourth spring is connected between the bottom of the sliding valve block 17 and the high-density shell 14, a detection unit 18 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting seat 12, a liquid storage cylinder 19 is fixedly installed circumferentially on the detection unit 18, the liquid storage cylinder 19 is slidably connected to the sliding valve block 17, a second through hole is distributed circumferentially on the high-density shell 14, a third through hole is opened on the sliding valve block 17, the third through hole can be connected with the second through hole and the liquid storage cylinder 19, a first conductive rod 20 is distributed circumferentially on the detection unit 18, a second conductive rod 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder 19, and the first conductive rod 20 and the second conductive rod 21 are both electrically connected to the detection unit 18.

[0026] like Figure 2-Figure 3 and Figure 8-Figure 9As shown, it also includes a spherical claw 22 and a supporting slide 23. The outer wall of the high-density shell 14 is circumferentially distributed and rotatably connected with a plurality of spherical claws 22. A sealing strip is attached to the edge of the spherical claw 22. The bottom of the high-density shell 14 is fixedly connected to a supporting slide 23. The bottom of the supporting slide 23 is fixedly connected with a soft rubber strip 24, and a sliding cone head column 25 is slidably connected inside the supporting slide 23. The outer wall of the sliding cone head column 25 is provided with a wavy protrusion. The sliding cone head column 25 can be clamped with the soft rubber strip 24 through the wavy protrusion, and a plurality of spherical claws 22 are rotatably connected to the sliding cone head column 25 together. The sliding cone head column 25 is circumferentially distributed with arc strips, and the arc strips are located below the gaps between the plurality of spherical claws 22. A sixth spring is connected between the sliding cone head column 25 and the supporting slide 23, which can support the sliding cone head column 25 to remain motionless at the bottom of the supporting slide 23 when not subject to external force, thereby keeping the spherical claw 22 in an open state.

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a second driving disk 26, and the second driving disk 26 is rotatably connected to the top of the shell 1. Three first sliding grooves are circumferentially distributed on the shell 1, and the first sliding grooves are linear. Three second sliding grooves are circumferentially distributed on the second driving disk 26, and the second sliding grooves are arc-shaped. The first sliding grooves and the second sliding grooves are slidably connected to a sliding frame 27, and the sliding frame 27 is slidably connected to the shell 1. A floating block 28 is fixed to one side of the sliding frame 27, and the density of the floating block 28 is much smaller than that of water.

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown in 11, it also includes a fixed ring 29 and an adsorption net 30. The fixed ring 29 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell 1, and a fifth spring is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 29. One end of the fifth spring is a hook. The adsorption net 30 is slidably connected between two adjacent sliding frames 27. The adsorption net 30 can adsorb upper suspended matter and insoluble pollutants in the water. The hook of the fifth spring is connected to the adsorption net 30.

[0029] like Figure 2-Figure 3 and Fig.10 As shown, it also includes a propulsion cylinder 31. Three propulsion cylinders 31 are fixedly connected to the circumferential outer wall of the shell 1. One end of the propulsion cylinder 31 is conical, which is used to enhance the power of the water flow. A fourth through hole is opened in the circumferential outer wall of the propulsion cylinder 31. A second motor 32 and a second waterproof shell 33 are installed in the propulsion cylinder 31. The second motor 32 is located inside the second waterproof shell 33. The output shaft of the second motor 32 passes through the propulsion cylinder 31 and is fixedly connected to a paddle 34.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 3-Figure 4As shown, it also includes an isolation plate 35 and a clamping strip 36. The isolation plate 35 is fixedly connected in the threaded barrel frame 2, and a plurality of clamping strips 36 are fixedly connected in a circumferential direction. A ventilation block 37 is clamped together with the plurality of clamping strips 36. A support frame 38 is fixedly connected to the top of the ventilation block 37. A third waterproof shell 39 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 38, and a third motor 40 is installed. The third motor 40 is located inside the third waterproof shell 39. The output shaft of the third motor 40 passes through the support frame 38 and is fixedly connected to a Y-shaped rotating frame 41. A third slide groove is circumferentially distributed on the top of the second driving disk 26. The Y-shaped rotating frame 41 is slidably clamped with the third slide groove. The third motor 40 moves to move the floating blocks 28 away from each other.

[0031] A method for using a combined water environment monitoring device that is easy to assemble and disassemble, comprising the following steps: S1: Screw the threaded barrel rack 2 into the housing 1 to complete the clamping of the threaded barrel rack 2, insert the air permeable block 37 into the threaded barrel rack 2, clamp the air permeable block 37 with the plurality of clamping strips 36, and make the Y-shaped rotating frame 41 contact and clamp with the third slide groove of the second driving disk 26, clamp the adsorption net 30 into two adjacent sliding frames 27, and clamp the hook of the fifth spring with the adsorption net 30, and complete the clamping assembly of the device; S2: placing the device on the water surface, starting the second motor 32, the output shaft of the second motor 32 drives the blade 34 to rotate, and the reaction force of the water flow pushes the device to move until the device moves to the designated detection position; S3: Start the electric telescopic rod 904, so that the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 904 contracts, so that the high-density shell 14 moves downward under the action of gravity, and the water pressure drives the first driving disk 15 to rotate, so that the first driving disk 15 drives the sliding valve block 17 to move, so that the third through hole is connected with the second through hole of the high-density shell 14 and the liquid storage cylinder 19, and the water flows into the liquid storage cylinder 19 to realize the collection of water samples at different water depths, and then the first conductive rod 20 and the second conductive rod 21 are energized through the detection unit 18 to determine the content of soluble matter in the water sample, so as to realize the rapid detection of soluble matter in the water sample; S4: The high-density housing 14 drives the spherical claws 22 and the sliding cone head column 25 to be inserted into the silt, and drives a plurality of spherical claws 22 to grab the silt, and the sliding cone head column 25 is positioned at the bottom of the water, and the electric telescopic rod 904 is started, so that the winding drum 3 is frictionally limited by the block 903, and the first motor 11 is started, and the winding drum 3 is rotated and the pull rope is straightened through the cooperation of the first ratchet gear 7 and the first ratchet rod 8, so that the length of the thin rope does not change after being straightened, and the device is further positioned on the water, and the winding drum 3 does not rotate after the pull rope is straightened; S5: starting the third motor 40, the output shaft of the third motor 40 rotates to unfold the adsorption net 30, and then adjusting the second motor 32 to drive the insoluble pollutants and upper suspended matter in the water flow to approach the adsorption net 30, so that the adsorption net 30 adsorbs the insoluble pollutants and upper suspended matter on the water surface; S6: Start the third motor 40, and the output shaft of the third motor 40 rotates to drive the two ends of the adsorption net 30 to approach each other. The adsorption net 30 presents a V-shape to wrap the upper suspended matter, so as to achieve limited position capture of the upper suspended matter, so as to facilitate analysis of the upper suspended matter after the device is recovered; S7: Start the first motor 11, the output shaft of the first motor 11 rotates counterclockwise to drive the winding drum 3 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the thin rope is further wound up, and the spherical claw 22 carries the silt to achieve height reset, and at the same time the spring drives the first driving disk 15 to rotate, so that the first driving disk 15 drives the sliding valve block 17 to move downward, so that the liquid storage cylinder 19 is connected with the outside and the water sample is replaced; S8: Adjust the second motor 32 so that the output shaft of the second motor 32 resumes forward rotation, and the device re-executes the movement action in step S2 until the device moves to the recovery point, completing the recovery of the device and the acquisition of the sample.

[0032] In the initial state, two adjacent floating blocks 28 are in contact with each other, the wavy protrusion of the sliding cone head column 25 is located below the soft rubber card strip 24, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 904 is in an extended state. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 904 squeezes the card block 903 through the inclined surface of the contact card block 903, and the card block 903 slides in the rotating sleeve 902 to move away from each other and stretch the third spring. The card block 903 slides to squeeze the friction winding cylinder 3, so that the card block 903 and the winding cylinder 3 are frictionally limited. Before use, the worker The staff screws the threaded barrel rack 2 into the shell 1 until the threaded barrel rack 2 can no longer move. At this time, the threaded barrel rack 2 is clamped. Then the staff inserts the air permeable block 37 into the threaded barrel rack 2 to clamp the air permeable block 37 with a plurality of clamping strips 36. During the clamping process of the air permeable block 37, the Y-shaped rotating frame 41 will contact and clamp with the third slide groove of the second driving disk 26. Then, the adsorption net 30 is clamped into two adjacent sliding frames 27, and the hook of the fifth spring is clamped with the adsorption net 30 to complete the clamping combination of the device.

[0033] When in use, the staff puts the device on the water surface. Since the density of the floating block 28 is much smaller than that of water, the device floats on the water surface under the buoyancy of the water surface on the floating block 28. Since the two adjacent floating blocks 28 are in contact with each other, the adsorption net 30 is protected from being polluted by the surrounding insoluble pollutants and upper suspended matter. The second motor 32 is started, and the output shaft of the second motor 32 rotates to rotate the blade 34. The rotation of the blade 34 pushes the water flow toward the adsorption net 30 along the direction of the propulsion cylinder 31. The external water enters the propulsion cylinder 31 through the fourth through hole of the propulsion cylinder 31, forming a water flow circulation. At the same time, it is worth noting that when the blade 34 pushes the water flow to move, it also It will be subjected to the reaction force from the water flow, so that the paddle 34 drives the propulsion cylinder 31 to move through the second motor 32, and then drives the entire device to move on the water surface. Since one end of the propulsion cylinder 31 is tapered, the water flow velocity in the propulsion cylinder 31 increases, thereby enhancing the effect of the paddle 34 driving the entire device to move on the water surface. The three paddles 34 work at the same time, and the rotation speed of the three paddles 34 is controlled, thereby controlling the force with which the three paddles 34 push the water flow, so that the three paddles 34 are subjected to reaction forces of different directions and sizes, and the device moves under the combined force of the reaction forces exerted on the three paddles 34 until the device moves to the designated detection position.

[0034] When the device moves to the designated detection position, the staff starts the electric telescopic rod 904 to shrink the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 904, thereby separating from the two blocks 903. The third spring restores the two blocks 903 to move closer to each other, and the blocks 903 break away from the winding drum 3, and the winding drum 3 loses the friction limit. At the same time, since the high-density shell 14 is less affected by buoyancy in the water, the high-density shell 14 will move downward in the water under the action of gravity, and the high-density shell 14 drives the connecting seat 12 to move downward through the sealing cover 13. The connecting seat 12 moves downward to straighten the thin rope on the winding drum 3, thereby driving the winding drum 3 that has lost the friction limit to rotate. As the high-density shell 14 moves downward, since the high-density shell 14 and the first drive disk 15 maintain a sealed connection, the sealing cover 13 is in sealing contact with the first drive disk 15, and the water flow will pass through the sealing cover 13. The first through hole of the cover 13 enters into the cavity composed of the sealing cover 13, the high-density shell 14 and the first driving disk 15. The water flow squeezes the first driving disk 15 through the water pressure to rotate. The deeper the water level, the greater the water pressure, the greater the pressure on the first driving disk 15, and the greater the rotation angle of the first driving disk 15. The rotation of the first driving disk 15 will cause the clockwork spring to elastically deform and drive the toggle plate 16 to rotate synchronously. As the toggle plate 16 rotates, the protrusion at the bottom of the toggle plate 16 will squeeze the sliding valve block 17, causing the sliding valve block 17 to move downward and squeeze the fourth spring. At the same time, the third through hole of the sliding valve block 17 is respectively connected to the second through hole of the high-density shell 14 and the liquid storage cylinder 19. At this time, water will enter the third through hole of the sliding valve block 17 through the second through hole of the high-density shell 14, and finally flow into the liquid storage cylinder 19, thereby realizing the collection of water samples at different water depths.

[0035] As the toggle plate 16 rotates, the protrusion at the bottom of the toggle plate 16 will break away from the squeezed sliding valve block 17, and the sliding valve block 17 is pushed by the fourth spring, so that the third through hole of the sliding valve block 17 is disconnected from the second through hole of the high-density shell 14 and the liquid storage cylinder 19 respectively. At this time, the detection unit 18 energizes the first conductive rod 20 and the second conductive rod 21. According to the conductive efficiency of the first conductive rod 20 and the second conductive rod 21 in the water sample, the content of soluble matter in the water sample can be judged, thereby realizing rapid detection of the content of soluble matter in the water sample.

[0036] When the high-density shell 14 moves downward, the high-density shell 14 will drive the spherical claw 22 and the supporting slide 23 to move downward, and the supporting slide 23 will drive the sliding cone head column 25 to move downward through the sixth spring. When the sliding cone head column 25 contacts the mud at the bottom of the water, the sliding cone head column 25 will be inserted into the mud and remain stationary after being inserted into the mud for a certain distance. When the sliding cone head column 25 falls, the arc strip on the sliding cone head column 25 will squeeze and push away the water plants or some floating impurities on the bottom of the water, thereby preventing the water plants and impurities from getting stuck in several balls. The gap between the surface claws 22 interferes with the movement of the spherical claws 22. Under the pressure of the high-density shell 14, the high-density shell 14 drives the support slide 23 to move downward to squeeze the sixth spring. The support slide 23 moves downward to drive the soft rubber card strip 24 to move synchronously, so that the soft rubber card strip 24 contacts the wavy protrusion of the sliding cone head column 25 and clamps the sliding cone head column 25. It is worth noting that when the sixth spring begins to compress, the spherical claws 22 have been inserted into the silt. As the high-density shell 14 continues to move downward, several spherical claws 22 The spherical claws 22 rotate and gather together, and the silt is grabbed by the spherical claws 22 until the sliding cone head column 25 contacts several spherical claws 22. At this time, the adjacent spherical claws 22 are in contact with each other, and the sealing strips on the edges of the spherical claws 22 prevent gaps between the adjacent spherical claws 22, so that the spherical claws 22 can grab the bottom silt. Since the high-density shell 14 has a large density, the high-density shell 14 is less affected by buoyancy in the water, and since the silt is sticky, the silt will adhere to the surface of the sliding cone head column 25, thereby hindering the sliding cone head from sliding. The column 25 moves, and the electric telescopic rod 904 is started at this time, so that the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 904 extends out, thereby contacting the inclined surfaces of the two blocks 903 and squeezing the blocks 903, so that the two blocks 903 move away from each other and stretch the third spring. The movement of the blocks 903 squeezes the winding drum 3, so that the winding drum 3 no longer rotates. At this time, the length of the straightened thin rope no longer changes. By fixing the length of the thin rope, the high-density shell 14 is less affected by buoyancy, and the silt hinders the movement of the spherical claw 22, the initial positioning of the device on the water surface is achieved.

[0037] After completing the preliminary positioning of the device on the water surface, the staff starts the first motor 11, such as Figure 6As shown, the output shaft of the first motor 11 rotates counterclockwise to drive the first bevel gear 5 to rotate synchronously, the first bevel gear 5 rotates counterclockwise to drive the third bevel gear 9 to rotate clockwise through the second bevel gear 6, and the rotation of the third bevel gear 9 drives the second ratchet rod 10 to rotate synchronously. Since the inclination angle of the contact surface between the second ratchet gear 901 and the second ratchet rod 10 is small, the second ratchet rod 10 will slide on the surface of the second ratchet gear 901 when it rotates, and the second spring will be compressed and released cyclically. At the same time, the first bevel gear 5 rotates counterclockwise to drive the first ratchet rod 8 to rotate synchronously. The rope is not straightened, so a large torque is not needed for the winding drum 3 to rotate. The torque required for the rotation of the winding drum 3 can be transmitted to the first ratchet gear 7 through the second ratchet gear 901, that is, the first ratchet gear 7 does not need a large torque to rotate, so that the first ratchet rod 8 rotates to drive the first ratchet gear 7 to rotate synchronously, and the first ratchet gear 7 drives the rotating sleeve 902 to rotate synchronously through the second ratchet gear 901, thereby causing the winding drum 3 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the thin rope is further straightened until the thin rope is completely straightened. At this time, the winding drum 3 continues to rotate counterclockwise, which will pull the connecting seat 12 upward through the thin rope. Since the silt has a greater viscosity on the sliding cone head column 25 and the high-density shell 14 itself is less affected by buoyancy, at this time, the thin rope needs a greater pulling force to pull the connecting seat 12 upward, and the winding drum 3 needs a greater torque to rotate. The torque required for the rotation of the winding drum 3 can be transmitted to the first ratchet gear 7 through the second ratchet gear 901, that is, the first ratchet gear 7 needs a greater torque to rotate, and the torque is transmitted to the first ratchet gear 7 through the second ratchet gear 901, that is, the first ratchet gear 7 needs a greater torque to rotate. Since the end of the first ratchet rod 8 that contacts the first ratchet gear 7 is round, The ratchet teeth of the first ratchet gear 7 are not tangential to the contact end of the first ratchet rod 8. Therefore, when the first ratchet rod 8 rotates, the first ratchet rod 8 will be subjected to a large pressure from the first ratchet gear 7, thereby sliding away from the axis of the first ratchet gear 7 and compressing the first spring. The first ratchet rod 8 will slide back and forth as the first bevel gear 5 rotates, and the first spring is cyclically compressed and released, so that the first ratchet rod 8 cannot transmit a larger torque to the first ratchet gear 7 when it rotates. The first ratchet rod 8 idles, so that the thin rope will not make any movement after being fully straightened, thereby realizing further positioning of the device on the water.

[0038] After completing further positioning of the device on the water, the staff starts the third motor 40. The output shaft of the third motor 40 rotates to drive the Y-shaped rotating frame 41 to rotate, and then drives the second drive disk 26 to rotate. When the second drive disk 26 rotates, the second slide groove of the second drive disk 26 drives the sliding frame 27 to slide along the first slide groove of the shell 1, so that the adjacent floating blocks 28 are away from each other, thereby increasing the buoyancy range of the device and improving the stability of the device on the water surface. At the same time, the sliding frame 27 moves to unfold the adsorption net 30. The unfolding of the adsorption net 30 will lengthen the fifth spring. At this time, the second motor 32 is adjusted to reverse the output shaft of the second motor 32. The output shaft of the second motor 32 drives the blade 34 to reverse, thereby driving water from the adsorption net 30 to flow to the propulsion cylinder 31. The water flow in the propulsion cylinder 31 flows out through the fourth through hole of the propulsion cylinder 31. The flow of water makes the surrounding The soluble pollutants and the upper suspended matter move toward the adsorption net 30, so that the adsorption net 30 adsorbs the insoluble pollutants and the upper suspended matter on the water surface. If it is necessary to capture the upper suspended matter with a larger volume, the staff starts the third motor 40. The output shaft of the third motor 40 rotates to drive the Y-shaped rotating frame 41 to rotate, and then drives the second driving disk 26 to rotate. When the second driving disk 26 rotates, the second slide groove of the second driving disk 26 drives the sliding frame 27 to slide along the first slide groove of the shell 1, so that the adjacent floating blocks 28 are close to each other. At the same time, the two ends of the adsorption net 30 are close to each other. Under the pulling force of the fifth spring, the middle part of the adsorption net 30 makes the adsorption net 30 V-shaped. As the adjacent floating blocks 28 gradually approach each other, the upper suspended matter with a larger volume is wrapped by the adsorption net 30, so as to realize the limited capture of the upper suspended matter, which is convenient for analyzing the upper suspended matter after the device is recovered.

[0039] When the device completes the rapid water environment detection, the device needs to be recycled, and the first motor 11 is started. Figure 6As shown, the output shaft of the first motor 11 rotates clockwise to drive the first bevel gear 5 to rotate synchronously, and the clockwise rotation of the first bevel gear 5 drives the first ratchet rod 8 to rotate synchronously. When the first ratchet rod 8 rotates, it will slide on the ratchet surface of the first ratchet gear 7, and cause the first spring to be cyclically compressed and released. At the same time, the first bevel gear 5 rotates clockwise through the second bevel gear 6 to drive the third bevel gear 9 to rotate counterclockwise. The rotation of the third bevel gear 9 drives the second ratchet rod 10 to rotate synchronously. The second ratchet rod 10 squeezes the second ratchet gear 901 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the second ratchet gear 901 drives the rotating sleeve 902 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the winding drum 3 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the thin rope is further straightened. Since the end of the second ratchet rod 10 that contacts the second ratchet gear 901 is wedge-shaped, the second ratchet rod 10 can generate a sufficiently large torque, and the thin rope is wound up, thereby driving the connecting seat 12 to move upward, and the connecting seat 12 moves through the sealing cover 13 to drive the high-density shell 14 to move synchronously. On the one hand, the high-density shell 14 moves and drives the first drive disk 15 to move upward, so that the first drive disk 15 is affected by the gradually decreasing water pressure and is pulled to rotate by the spring to restore its shape, and the above-mentioned liquid storage cylinder 19 water sample collection action is repeated, so that the bubbles that may appear during the rapid detection of the water sample are released, and the water sample is replaced. After the water sample in the liquid storage cylinder 19 is replaced, as the spring recovers, the third through hole of the sliding valve block 17 is disconnected from the second through hole and the liquid storage cylinder 19, so that the liquid storage cylinder 19 is filled with water sample, which is convenient for subsequent detection of the water sample. On the other hand, the high-density shell 14 moves and drives the spherical claw 22 and the supporting slide 23 to move synchronously. The spherical claw 22 and the supporting slide 23 jointly drive the sliding cone head column 25 to move upward. Since the soft rubber card strip 24 is clamped to the sliding cone head column 25, the sliding cone head column 25 will not slide relatively in the supporting slide 23. Among them, there is captured silt above the spherical claw 22, thereby realizing the sampling of bottom silt.

[0040] After the thin rope is completely recovered, the staff adjusts the second motor 32 so that the output shaft of the second motor 32 resumes forward rotation, so that the device re-executes the above-mentioned moving action until the device moves to the recovery point, completing the recovery of the device and the sampling of the sample.

[0041] The above description is only an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The contents not elaborated in detail in the present invention belong to the existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A combined water environment monitoring device that is easy to assemble and disassemble, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a threaded barrel frame (2), the shell (1) is internally threadedly connected to the threaded barrel frame (2), a winding barrel (3) is rotatably connected inside the threaded barrel frame (2), and a first waterproof shell (4) is fixedly connected thereto, a first bevel gear (5) and a second bevel gear (6) which are meshed with each other are rotatably connected inside the first waterproof shell (4), a first ratchet gear (7) is rotatably connected to the first bevel gear (5), a first ratchet rod (8) is slidably connected inside the first bevel gear (5), a first spring is connected between the first bevel gear (5) and the first ratchet rod (8), the first ratchet rod (8) cooperates with the first ratchet gear (7), and the first waterproof shell (4) is rotatably connected to the first bevel gear (5). ) is rotatably connected to a third bevel gear (9) inside the first waterproof housing (4), the third bevel gear (9) is meshed with the second bevel gear (6), one side of the third bevel gear (9) is rotatably connected to a second ratchet gear (901), the inside of the third bevel gear (9) is slidably connected to a second ratchet rod (10), a second spring is connected between the third bevel gear (9) and the second ratchet rod (10), the second ratchet gear (901) and the second ratchet rod (10) cooperate with each other, the first ratchet gear (7) is fixedly connected to the second ratchet gear (901), and a first motor (11) is fixedly mounted on one end of the first waterproof housing (4), and an output shaft of the first motor (11) is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (5).

2. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a rotating sleeve (902), the rotating sleeve (902) being rotatably connected inside the winding cylinder (3), the rotating sleeve (902) being fixedly connected to the second ratchet gear (901), a clamping block (903) being symmetrically slidably connected inside the rotating sleeve (902), the clamping block (903) being matched with the winding cylinder (3), a third spring being connected between the two clamping blocks (903), an electric telescopic rod (904) being installed inside the threaded cylinder frame (2), the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (904) being located inside the rotating sleeve (902) and being matched with the clamping block (903).

3. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting seat (12), a thin rope is wound around the winding cylinder (3), one end of the thin rope is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (12), a sealing cover (13) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the connecting seat (12), and a high-density shell (14) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing cover (13).

4. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a first drive disk (15), the first drive disk (15) is sealingly rotatably connected in the high-density housing (14), the top of the first drive disk (15) is in sealing contact with the cover (13), the bottom of the first drive disk (15) is fixedly connected with a toggle plate (16), the cover (13) is provided with a first through hole, a spring is connected between the toggle plate (16) and the connecting seat (12), and the toggle plate (16) and the connecting seat (12) are rotatably connected, a sliding valve block (17) is axially distributed and slidably connected in the high-density housing (14), a plate-shaped protrusion is provided at the bottom of the toggle plate (16), the sliding valve block (17) cooperates with the protrusion at the bottom of the toggle plate (16), and the sliding valve block (17) is axially distributed and slidably connected in the high-density housing (14), the bottom of the toggle plate (16) is provided with a plate-shaped protrusion, and the sliding valve block (17) cooperates with the protrusion at the bottom of the toggle plate (16), and the sliding valve block (17) is axially distributed and slidably connected in the high-density housing (14). A fourth spring is connected between the bottom of the block (17) and the high-density shell (14); a detection unit (18) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the connection seat (12); a liquid storage cylinder (19) is fixedly installed circumferentially on the detection unit (18); the liquid storage cylinder (19) is slidably connected to the sliding valve block (17); a second through hole is circumferentially opened on the high-density shell (14); a third through hole is opened on the sliding valve block (17); a first conductive rod (20) is circumferentially installed on the detection unit (18); a second conductive rod (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder (19); and both the first conductive rod (20) and the second conductive rod (21) are electrically connected to the detection unit (18).

5. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-density housing (14) further comprises a spherical claw (22) and a supporting slide cylinder (23). The outer wall of the high-density housing (14) is circumferentially distributed and rotatably connected to a plurality of spherical claws (22). The bottom of the high-density housing (14) is fixedly connected to a supporting slide cylinder (23). The bottom of the supporting slide cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to a soft rubber clip strip (24). The supporting slide cylinder (23) is slidably connected to a sliding cone head column (25). The sliding cone head column (25) is clipped to the soft rubber clip strip (24). The plurality of spherical claws (22) are rotatably connected to the sliding cone head column (25). The sliding cone head column (25) is circumferentially distributed with arc strips, which are located below the gaps between the plurality of spherical claws (22). A sixth spring is connected between the sliding cone head column (25) and the supporting slide cylinder (23).

6. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The housing (1) further comprises a second driving disk (26), the top of which is rotatably connected to the second driving disk (26), a plurality of first sliding grooves are circumferentially distributed on the housing (1), a plurality of second sliding grooves are circumferentially distributed on the second driving disk (26), the first sliding grooves and the second sliding grooves are slidably connected to a sliding frame (27), the sliding frame (27) is slidably connected to the housing (1), and a floating block (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding frame (27).

7. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing ring (29) and an adsorption net (30), wherein the fixing ring (29) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (1), a fifth spring is fixedly connected to the fixing ring (29), one end of the fifth spring is a hook, and the adsorption net (30) is slidably engaged between two adjacent sliding frames (27), and the hook of the fifth spring is engaged with the adsorption net (30).

8. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a propulsion cylinder (31), a plurality of propulsion cylinders (31) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the housing (1) in a circumferential distribution, and a fourth through hole is opened in a circumferential distribution on the outer wall of the propulsion cylinder (31). A second motor (32) and a second waterproof housing (33) are installed in the propulsion cylinder (31), the second motor (32) is located inside the second waterproof housing (33), and an output shaft of the second motor (32) passes through the propulsion cylinder (31) and is fixedly connected to a blade (34).

9. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an isolation plate (35) and a clamping strip (36); the isolation plate (35) is fixedly connected inside the threaded barrel frame (2), and a plurality of clamping strips (36) are fixedly connected thereto in a circumferentially distributed manner; the plurality of clamping strips (36) are commonly clamped with a ventilating block (37); a support frame (38) is fixedly connected to the top of the ventilating block (37); a third waterproof housing (39) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (38), and a third motor (40) is installed thereon; the third motor (40) is located inside the third waterproof housing (39); an output shaft of the third motor (40) passes through the support frame (38), and is fixedly connected to a Y-shaped rotating frame (41); a third sliding groove is circumferentially distributed on the top of the second driving disk (26); and the Y-shaped rotating frame (41) is slidably clamped with the third sliding groove.

10. The easily disassembled and assembled combined water environment monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A method for using a combined water environment monitoring device that is easy to assemble and disassemble, comprising the following steps: S1: screwing the threaded barrel rack (2) into the housing (1) to complete the clamping of the threaded barrel rack (2), inserting the air permeable block (37) into the threaded barrel rack (2), clamping the air permeable block (37) with the plurality of clamping strips (36), and making the Y-shaped rotating frame (41) contact and clamp with the third slide groove of the second driving disk (26), clamping the adsorption net (30) into two adjacent sliding frames (27), and clamping the hook of the fifth spring with the adsorption net (30), and completing the clamping assembly of the device; S2: placing the device on the water surface, starting the second motor (32), and the output shaft of the second motor (32) drives the blade (34) to rotate, so that the device is pushed to move by the reaction force of the water flow until the device moves to the designated detection position; S3: starting the electric telescopic rod (904) to shrink the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (904), so that the high-density housing (14) moves downward under the action of gravity, and the water pressure drives the first drive disk (15) to rotate, so that the first drive disk (15) drives the sliding valve block (17) to move, so that the third through hole is connected with the second through hole of the high-density housing (14) and the liquid storage cylinder (19), and water flows into the liquid storage cylinder (19), so as to realize the collection of water samples of different water depths, and then the first conductive rod (20) and the second conductive rod (21) are energized through the detection unit (18) to judge the content of soluble matter in the water sample, so as to realize the rapid detection of soluble matter in the water sample; S4: The high-density housing (14) drives the spherical claws (22) and the sliding cone head column (25) to be inserted into the mud, and drives a plurality of spherical claws (22) to grab the mud, and the sliding cone head column (25) is positioned at the bottom of the water, and the electric telescopic rod (904) is started, so that the winding drum (3) is frictionally limited by the block (903), and the first motor (11) is started, and the winding drum (3) is rotated and the pull rope is straightened through the cooperation of the first ratchet gear (7) and the first ratchet rod (8), so that the length of the thin rope does not change after being straightened, and the device is further positioned on the water, and the winding drum (3) does not rotate after the pull rope is straightened; S5: starting the third motor (40), the output shaft of the third motor (40) rotates to unfold the adsorption net (30), and then adjusting the second motor (32) to drive the insoluble pollutants and upper suspended matter in the water flow to approach the adsorption net (30), so that the adsorption net (30) adsorbs the insoluble pollutants and upper suspended matter on the water surface; S6: starting the third motor (40), and the output shaft of the third motor (40) rotates to drive the two ends of the adsorption net (30) to approach each other, so that the adsorption net 30 forms a V-shape to wrap the upper suspended matter, thereby achieving limited position capture of the upper suspended matter, and facilitating analysis of the upper suspended matter after the device is recovered; S7: starting the first motor (11), the output shaft of the first motor (11) rotates counterclockwise to drive the winding drum (3) to rotate counterclockwise, so that the thin rope is further wound up, and the spherical claw (22) carries the silt to achieve height reset, and at the same time the spring drives the first drive disk (15) to rotate, so that the first drive disk (15) drives the sliding valve block (17) to move downward, so that the liquid storage cylinder (19) is connected to the outside and the water sample is replaced; S8: adjusting the second motor (32) so that the output shaft of the second motor (32) resumes forward rotation, and the device re-executes the movement action in step S2 until the device moves to the recovery point, completing the recovery of the device and the acquisition of the sample.

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