Performance simulation method, device and equipment for parallel-axis speed reducer and storage medium
By establishing the rigid body dynamic model and finite element modeling of parallel shaft reducers, and combining dynamic working conditions for multi-body dynamic simulation, the comprehensive problem of the lack of dynamic working conditions of reducer simulation analysis in the existing technology is solved, and the comprehensive problem of the reduction device simulation analysis is achieved. More comprehensive and accurate development of reducer performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411138463.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
AI Technical Summary
The prior art lacks comprehensiveness in the reduction gear simulation analysis, which leads to insufficient comprehensive performance development.
Establish a rigid body dynamic model of parallel shaft reducer, use finite element modeling and grid attribute configuration, determine the load spectrum with preset dynamic conditions, perform multi-body dynamic simulation, and obtain performance parameters, including the service life of components .
It improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of reducer simulation analysis, can better simulate performance under dynamic operating conditions, and enhances the comprehensiveness of performance development.
Smart Images
Figure CN119312467A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of modeling and simulation, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for simulating the performance of a parallel shaft reducer. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of pure electric vehicles, reducers, as key components of electric vehicle electric drive system assemblies, have higher requirements for their performance. At present, the simulation analysis of reducers mainly uses industry standards to analyze their related performance through formula methods or empirical methods. The results obtained by these methods are all steady-state, ignoring the performance simulation verification under dynamic conditions, so the simulation analysis of reducers lacks comprehensiveness. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium to improve the comprehensiveness of simulation analysis for the reducer.
[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method, comprising:
[0005] Establish a rigid body dynamics model corresponding to the parallel axis reducer;
[0006] Performing finite element modeling on the components in the rigid body dynamics model respectively to obtain finite element models corresponding to the components;
[0007] Based on the preset contact relationship between components, configure mesh properties for the corresponding finite element model;
[0008] The finite element model after configuring the mesh attributes is used to replace the corresponding parts in the rigid body dynamics model, and the contact attributes of the replaced finite element model are configured based on the contact relationship to obtain the reducer model to be simulated;
[0009] A dynamic load spectrum is determined based on a preset dynamic working condition, and a multi-body dynamics simulation is performed on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition; wherein the performance parameters include the service life of each component.
[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, a corresponding load spectrum is generated based on a preset dynamic working condition, and a simulation test is performed on the constructed model based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain the performance parameters of the reducer under the dynamic working condition, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the simulation analysis of the reducer.
[0011] In some possible embodiments, the finite element modeling is performed on the components in the rigid body dynamics model respectively to obtain the finite element model corresponding to each component, including:
[0012] The object to be analyzed is determined based on preset simulation requirements, and finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the object to be analyzed in the rigid body dynamics model to obtain finite element models corresponding to each component; wherein the object to be analyzed includes at least an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, a primary driven gear, a ring gear, a bearing, a differential housing, planetary gears, a half-shaft gear, a gasket, a planetary gear shaft and a housing.
[0013] In the embodiment of the present application, finite element modeling is performed on the components that need to be analyzed based on simulation requirements, thereby further improving the convenience of simulation modeling.
[0014] In some possible embodiments, the object to be analyzed is determined based on preset simulation requirements, and finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the object to be analyzed in the rigid body dynamics model to obtain finite element models corresponding to the components, including:
[0015] Classifying corresponding components in the rigid body dynamics model into a first type and a second type based on the geometric structure characteristics of each object to be analyzed;
[0016] Based on the hexahedral mesh model, finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the first type in the rigid body dynamics model respectively, and based on the volume mesh model, finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the second type in the rigid body dynamics model respectively to obtain finite element models corresponding to each component.
[0017] In the embodiments of the present application, the components are divided into different types according to their geometric structure characteristics, and different mesh models are used to perform finite element modeling on the corresponding types of components, thereby further improving the reliability and accuracy of the simulation test.
[0018] In some possible embodiments, configuring mesh properties for the corresponding finite element model based on the preset contact relationship between the components includes:
[0019] Based on the preset contact relationship between the components, the contact mesh nodes corresponding to the finite element model of each component are determined, and mesh attributes are configured for the contact mesh nodes.
[0020] In an embodiment of the present application, the convenience of simulation modeling is further improved by screening the contact mesh nodes corresponding to the finite element model according to the contact relationship between the components and configuring mesh properties for these contact mesh nodes.
[0021] In some possible embodiments, determining a dynamic load spectrum based on a preset dynamic working condition, and performing a multi-body dynamics simulation on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition includes:
[0022] Obtaining speed change information corresponding to a preset dynamic working condition; wherein the speed change information includes an initial speed, a target speed, and a speed change time from the initial speed to the target speed;
[0023] A dynamic load spectrum is determined according to the speed change information, and a multi-body dynamics simulation is performed on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition.
[0024] In the embodiment of the present application, the speed change information corresponding to the dynamic working condition is obtained to determine the dynamic load spectrum, thereby improving the accuracy of the dynamic working condition simulation.
[0025] In some possible embodiments, the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method further includes:
[0026] Determine the excitation parameters of the reducer model to be simulated due to vibration during the simulation test;
[0027] Loading the excitation parameters and the reducer model to be simulated into acoustic analysis software to establish an acoustic simulation model corresponding to the reducer model to be simulated;
[0028] Acoustic test results of the parallel shaft reducer are obtained based on the acoustic simulation model; wherein the acoustic test results include noise, vibration and acoustic roughness.
[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, the comprehensiveness of the simulation analysis for the reducer is further improved by obtaining the excitation parameters of the model due to vibration and performing acoustic simulation.
[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device, comprising:
[0031] A rigid body model building module is used to build a rigid body dynamics model corresponding to the parallel axis reducer;
[0032] A finite element model building module is used to perform finite element modeling on the components in the rigid body dynamics model to obtain a finite element model corresponding to each component;
[0033] An attribute configuration module is used to configure mesh attributes for a corresponding finite element model based on a preset contact relationship between components;
[0034] A constraint configuration module, used to replace the corresponding parts in the rigid body dynamics model with the finite element model after configuring the grid attributes, and configure the contact attributes of the replaced finite element model based on the contact relationship to obtain the reducer model to be simulated;
[0035] A performance simulation module is used to determine a dynamic load spectrum based on a preset dynamic working condition, and to perform a multi-body dynamics simulation on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain the performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition; wherein the performance parameters include the service life of each component.
[0036] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor can implement the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect when executing the program.
[0037] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect can be implemented.
[0038] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect can be implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
[0044] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0045] It should be noted that during the actual operation of the vehicle, the state of the reducer is dynamic and changeable. However, in the process of reducer development, the prior art often uses international standards or industry standards to analyze the efficiency, reliability, noise and other related performance of the reducer through formula method or empirical method, but the results obtained by these methods are all steady-state, ignoring the performance simulation verification of the reducer under dynamic or transient conditions, which is not comprehensive enough and is not conducive to the comprehensive performance development of the reducer.
[0046] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present application provides a parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method, which makes the performance development of the reducer more comprehensive by simulating the performance of the reducer under dynamic or transient conditions.
[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method, which may include the steps of:
[0048] S1. Establish a rigid body dynamics model corresponding to the parallel axis reducer.
[0049] Specifically, firstly, the components included in the rigid body dynamics model are determined according to the structure of the parallel shaft reducer. The parallel shaft reducer mainly includes an input shaft assembly, an intermediate shaft assembly, a differential assembly, a reducer front housing assembly and a reducer rear housing assembly. Among them: the input shaft assembly includes an input shaft (including a primary driving gear), an input shaft front bearing and an input shaft rear bearing; the intermediate shaft assembly includes an intermediate shaft (including a secondary driving gear), a primary driven gear, an intermediate shaft front bearing and an intermediate shaft rear bearing; the differential assembly includes a secondary driven gear ring, a differential housing, a differential front bearing, a differential rear bearing, 2 half-shaft gears, 2 half-shaft gear adjustment gaskets, 2 planetary gears, 2 planetary gear adjustment gaskets, planetary gear shafts and a roll spring pin; the reducer front housing assembly includes a reducer front housing, an input shaft oil seal, an output shaft left half-shaft oil seal and an output shaft right half-shaft oil seal; the reducer rear housing assembly includes a reducer rear housing; the connecting piece is a bolt used to connect the reducer front and rear housing assemblies.
[0050] It should be noted that the transmission principle of the reducer is mainly as follows: the torque is transmitted to the input shaft through the spline inside the input shaft, and then the torque is reduced and increased by the two-stage parallel shaft gears and transmitted to the ring gear to drive the differential housing to rotate, and then the planetary gears and half-shaft gears in the differential are connected to the vehicle half-shafts through the splines and transmitted to the wheel ends.
[0051] Then, the constraints and contact relationships of each component in the rigid body dynamics model are configured, mainly including: 1. The internal connection relationship of each shaft and gear assembly; 2. The internal connection relationship of the bearing; 3. The internal connection relationship of the differential assembly; 4. The connection relationship between the housing and the bolt; 5. The connection relationship between the housing and the oil seal; 6. The connection relationship between the shaft and gear assembly and the outside; 7. The connection relationship between the reducer assembly and the outside. Among them:
[0052] The internal connection relationship of each shaft and gear assembly includes: the intermediate shaft assembly and the first-stage driven gear are fixedly connected, the ring gear (secondary driven gear ring gear) and the differential housing are fixedly connected by bolts, the inner ring of the front bearing of the input shaft and the input shaft are interference connected, the inner ring of the rear bearing of the input shaft and the input shaft are interference connected, the inner ring of the front bearing of the intermediate shaft and the intermediate shaft are interference connected, the inner ring of the rear bearing of the intermediate shaft and the intermediate shaft are interference connected, the front bearing of the differential and the differential housing are interference connected, and the rear bearing of the differential and the differential housing are interference connected.
[0053] The connection relationship inside the bearing includes: each bearing outer ring is in contact with its own bearing roller, each bearing retainer is in contact with its own roller, and each bearing inner ring is in contact with its own bearing roller.
[0054] The connection relationship inside the differential assembly includes: two planetary gear washers are in contact with the differential case respectively, two planetary gears are in contact with two planetary gear washers respectively, two half-shaft gears are in contact with two planetary gears respectively, two half-shaft gears are in contact with two half-shaft gear washers respectively, the planetary gear shaft is fixed to the differential case, the roll spring pin is fixed to the planetary gear shaft and the differential case, and the planetary gear shaft is in contact with the two planetary gears respectively.
[0055] The connection relationship between the housing and the bolts includes: the reducer front housing, the reducer rear housing and the bolts are fixedly connected.
[0056] The connection relationship between the housing and the oil seal includes: the outer ring of the input shaft oil seal and the front housing of the reducer are interference connected, the outer ring of the output shaft oil seal and the front housing of the reducer are interference connected, and the outer ring of the output shaft left half shaft oil seal and the outer ring of the output shaft right half shaft oil seal are respectively interference connected with the housing.
[0057] The connection relationship between the shaft-gear assembly and the outside includes: the input shaft is in contact with the inner ring of the input shaft oil seal, the outer ring of the front bearing on the input shaft assembly is fixedly connected to the front housing of the reducer, the outer ring of the rear bearing on the input shaft assembly is fixedly connected to the rear housing of the reducer, the outer ring of the front bearing on the intermediate shaft assembly is fixedly connected to the front housing of the reducer, and the outer ring of the rear bearing on the intermediate shaft assembly is fixedly connected to the rear housing of the reducer.
[0058] The connection relationship between the reducer assembly and the outside includes: the suspension point on the reducer and the external fixation.
[0059] It should be noted that the surface friction coefficient of each contact pair in the model is set to a value that is consistent with or close to the friction coefficient of the actual component.
[0060] S2. Perform finite element modeling on the components in the rigid body dynamics model respectively to obtain finite element models corresponding to each component.
[0061] Further, step S2 includes: determining the object to be analyzed based on preset simulation requirements, and performing finite element modeling on the components corresponding to the object to be analyzed in the rigid body dynamics model to obtain finite element models corresponding to each component; wherein the object to be analyzed includes at least an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, a primary driven gear, a ring gear, a bearing, a differential housing, planetary gears, a half-shaft gear, a gasket, a planetary gear shaft and a housing.
[0062] It should be noted that before performing finite element modeling, you can first determine the objects to be analyzed according to the simulation requirements, that is, the key components that need to be simulated and analyzed, and then only perform finite element modeling on these key components, avoiding finite element modeling for components that do not need to be analyzed, thereby further improving the convenience of simulation analysis.
[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, the objects to be analyzed that require finite element division may include an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, a primary driven gear, a ring gear, a bearing, a differential housing, planetary gears, a half-shaft gear, a gasket, a planetary gear shaft and a housing.
[0064] Specifically, the input shaft, intermediate shaft, primary driven gear and ring gear can be divided into shaft part and tooth part. For the finite element division of the shaft part, the radial mesh size can be set to one sixth to one tenth of the minimum diameter of the input shaft, and the axial mesh size can be set to one quarter to one eighth of the minimum shaft length; for the finite element division of the tooth part, the mesh of a single tooth in the tooth thickness direction can be divided into at least four layers, the mesh in the tooth height direction can be divided into at least ten layers, and the mesh in the tooth width direction can be divided into at least four layers. The specific adjustment can be made according to the test requirements and the sizes of different teeth.
[0065] In addition, the bearing can be divided into a bearing outer ring part, a bearing inner ring part, a roller part and a retaining frame part, wherein the grid of the bearing outer ring part can be divided into at least six layers in the width direction, and the grid of the radial direction can be divided into at least four layers; the grid of the bearing inner ring part can be divided into at least six layers in the width direction, and the grid of the radial direction can be divided into at least four layers; the grid of the spherical roller can be divided into at least four layers in the diameter direction, the grid of the tapered roller can be divided into at least four layers in the height direction, and the grid in the diameter direction can be divided into at least four layers; the grid of the retaining frame part can be divided into at least four layers in the width direction.
[0066] For the differential case, the grid size can be set to 1mm to 5mm; for planetary gears and axle gears, the tooth surface and tooth root division size can be set to 0.05mm to 0.2mm, and the remaining division size can be set to 0.5mm to 2mm; for gaskets, the grid size can be set to 0.5mm to 2mm; for planetary gear shafts, the radial grid size can be set to one-sixth to one-tenth of the diameter, and the axial grid size can be set to one-quarter to one-eighth of the length; for the housing, the grid size can be set to 1mm to 5mm.
[0067] It should be noted that the above finite element mesh division and mesh size selection can refer to the actual size of the parts to obtain a finite element mesh model with appropriate accuracy.
[0068] S3. Based on the preset contact relationship between the components, configure the mesh properties for the corresponding finite element model.
[0069] Furthermore, step S3 may include: determining contact mesh nodes corresponding to the finite element models of the components based on the preset contact relationship between the components, and configuring mesh properties for the contact mesh nodes.
[0070] It should be noted that, according to the actual structural characteristics of the parallel shaft reducer, the contact relationship of each component can be set, and the corresponding mesh properties, including material properties, etc., can be configured for the finite element model of the corresponding component according to these contact relationships.
[0071] Specifically, the mesh nodes corresponding to the contact parts of each component can be selected according to the contact relationship between the components, and these mesh nodes can be grouped, wherein for each group of contact relationships, the mesh nodes of the contact parts of the two components in contact can be divided into two groups. Then, the mesh properties of these mesh nodes are configured according to the set contact relationship.
[0072] Exemplarily, the contact parts of each component include: the inner diameter raceway surface of the bearing, the outer diameter raceway surface of the bearing, the rotating contact surface of the bearing roller, the inner contact surface of the cage fixed roller, the first-stage driving gear tooth surface on the input shaft, the second-stage driving gear tooth surface on the intermediate shaft, the first-stage driven gear tooth surface, the planetary gear tooth surface, the planetary gear and the planetary gear shaft contact surface on the planetary gear, the half-shaft gear tooth surface, and the planetary gear shaft and the planetary gear contact surface on the planetary gear shaft. Then determine the center of gravity of the finite element model of each component, and condense the mesh nodes that are grouped and configured with mesh properties to the node of the center of gravity.
[0073] S4. Replace the corresponding parts in the rigid body dynamics model with the finite element model after configuring the mesh attributes, and configure the contact attributes of the replaced finite element model based on the contact relationship to obtain the reducer model to be simulated.
[0074] Specifically, a constraint connection relationship can be established between the finite element model with configured mesh attributes and the corresponding rigid body dynamics model, and the constraints and contact relationships between these finite element models are set according to the preset contact relationship, including: the tooth surface of the first-stage driving gear on the input shaft and the first-stage driven gear are in surface-to-surface contact, the tooth surface of the second-stage driving gear on the intermediate shaft and the tooth surface of the second-stage driven gear are in surface-to-surface contact, the internal contact surfaces of the bearings are in surface-to-surface contact, the housing and the outer ring of the bearing are fixed, the inner ring of the bearing and the shaft are fixed, the tooth surface of the planetary gear and the tooth surface of the half-shaft gear are in surface-to-surface contact, and the planetary gear shaft and the planetary gear are in surface-to-surface contact.
[0075] Then, the constraints and contact relationships of the rigid body parts that have been replaced by the finite element model in the rigid body dynamics model are released to obtain the reducer model to be simulated.
[0076] S5. Determine a dynamic load spectrum based on a preset dynamic working condition, and perform a multi-body dynamics simulation on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition; wherein the performance parameters include the service life of each component.
[0077] It can be understood that dynamic operating conditions may include acceleration conditions, brake energy recovery conditions, braking conditions, reversing conditions, etc. Other conditions in actual driving scenarios can be decomposed into a collection of the above dynamic conditions.
[0078] It should be noted that the difference between the dynamic working condition and the steady-state working condition is that in actual driving, the torque and moment can reach the target value instantly, but the speed cannot reach the target speed instantly. For example, in the acceleration working condition, the vehicle speed increases from 0km / h to 100km / h within 5s, and the corresponding reducer input shaft speed will slowly increase from 0 rpm to 10,000 rpm within 5s (assuming that the vehicle speed of 100km / h corresponds to the reducer input shaft speed of 10,000 rpm). At this time, when applying the dynamic load spectrum, the reducer input speed needs to be adjusted to a curve from 0 to 10,000 rpm within 5s.
[0079] It is understandable that under other working conditions, the irregular changes in the torque and speed of the reducer caused by different torques and speeds due to different drivers can also be simulated by the corresponding load spectrum to simulate the corresponding torque and speed changes and input into the model load. By using multi-body dynamics simulation software to simulate based on the dynamic load spectrum, the service life of each component is obtained based on the linear damage theory (linear fatigue cumulative damage theory is a theory that describes the evolution of fatigue damage of materials under cyclic stress. It predicts the fatigue life and damage accumulation of materials based on the fatigue properties and cyclic stress levels of materials.), and the reliability results such as the static strength safety factor and contact stress distribution of each module can also be solved based on the finite element model. Furthermore, the linear velocity, acceleration and other working condition information of each component can be calculated by simulation software, so as to calculate the transmission efficiency, transmission error and other performance parameters of each component based on these working condition information.
[0080] It should be noted that the load spectrum of the steady-state condition can also be decomposed into sub-conditions corresponding to single damage under each condition. For example, assume that there are the following three steady-state conditions to be tested: Condition 1, input torque 200Nm, speed 10000 rpm, duration 2h; Condition 2, input torque 100Nm, speed 15000 rpm, duration 1h; Condition 3, input torque -200Nm, speed 1000 rpm, duration 0.5h. Then the set of these three conditions can be decomposed into 3600 cycles of condition 4 (sub-condition of single damage), where condition 4 is: input torque 200Nm, speed 10000 rpm, duration 2s, input torque 100Nm, speed 15000 rpm, duration 1s, input torque -200Nm, speed 1000 rpm, duration 0.5s, a total of 3.5s of continuous conditions. Exemplarily, the single run and calculation time for the simulation test of the model is 0.1s, and the step size for damage calculation of the working condition can be set to 1 / 200s, which can be adjusted according to the test requirements to ensure the accuracy of the simulation process.
[0081] In addition, for the performance analysis of the differential, different speeds can be set for the left and right half-shaft gears according to the needs, and the reliability results such as the life of each component inside the differential, static strength safety factor, contact stress distribution, etc. can be obtained under the differential state. The input differential load spectrum can also be decomposed and converted based on the above method.
[0082] In some possible embodiments, step S2 may include:
[0083] Classifying corresponding components in the rigid body dynamics model into a first type and a second type based on the geometric structure characteristics of each object to be analyzed;
[0084] Finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the first type in the rigid body dynamics model based on the hexahedral mesh model, and finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the second type in the rigid body dynamics model based on the volume mesh model to obtain finite element models corresponding to each component.
[0085] It should be noted that hexahedral mesh and tetrahedral mesh are the two most commonly used mesh forms in finite element calculations. They can be divided into two types according to the structural characteristics of each component, and the two types of components are divided into hexahedral mesh units and tetrahedral mesh units respectively. Among them, for the first type of component with a more regular surface, hexahedral gateway units can be used for finite element modeling. Hexahedral mesh division has the advantages of high accuracy and high computational efficiency. For the second type of component with a more irregular surface, tetrahedral gateway units can be used for finite element modeling. The model divided by tetrahedral mesh is closer to the components with complex surface structures, so it can achieve higher simulation accuracy. However, compared with hexahedral division, tetrahedral division will generate more mesh nodes, which will reduce computational efficiency.
[0086] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, components such as the input shaft, the intermediate shaft, the primary driven gear, the ring gear, the bearing and the planetary gear shaft can be divided using hexahedral grid units, while components such as the differential housing, the planetary gears, the half-shaft gears, the gasket and the housing can be divided using tetrahedral grid units.
[0087] In some possible embodiments, step S5 may include:
[0088] Obtaining speed change information corresponding to a preset dynamic working condition; wherein the speed change information includes an initial speed, a target speed, and a speed change time from the initial speed to the target speed;
[0089] The dynamic load spectrum is determined according to the speed change information, and a multi-body dynamics simulation is performed on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain the performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under dynamic conditions.
[0090] It should be noted that dynamic operating conditions refer to operating conditions where the speed changes continuously with time. For example, if the vehicle speed increases from 20km / h to 60km / h within 3s, the corresponding reducer input shaft speed will slowly increase from 2000 rpm to 6000 rpm within 3s.
[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the above 20km / h and 2000 rpm are the initial speed in the speed change information, 60km / h and 6000 rpm are the target speed in the speed change information, and 3s is the speed change time from the initial speed to the target speed. Based on this, by setting the dynamic working condition to be simulated and tested according to the actual driving habits, and then determining the dynamic load spectrum according to the speed change information corresponding to the dynamic working condition, the accuracy of the dynamic working condition simulation can be further improved.
[0092] In some possible embodiments, the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method may further include:
[0093] Determine the excitation parameters of the reducer model to be simulated due to vibration during the simulation test;
[0094] Loading the excitation parameters and the reducer model to be simulated into the acoustic analysis software to establish an acoustic simulation model corresponding to the reducer model to be simulated;
[0095] Acoustic test results of the parallel shaft reducer are obtained based on the acoustic simulation model, wherein the acoustic test results include noise, vibration and acoustic roughness.
[0096] It should be noted that based on the multi-body dynamics simulation software, the excitation parameters generated by the vibration of the model during the simulation test can be obtained. These excitation parameters and the corresponding model are imported into the acoustic analysis software, and the excitation parameters are loaded into the corresponding finite element model; then, according to the actual test requirements, acoustic test points are set around the model, and an acoustic grid of one-meter noise is generated according to the boundary of the reducer's outer shell to complete the establishment of the acoustic simulation model; through the acoustic simulation test, the corresponding reducer acoustic test results can be generated, including the one-meter noise sound pressure level of the reducer, and the NVH results (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) corresponding to each position measurement point.
[0097] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device provided by some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device is similar to the above-mentioned Figure 1Corresponding to the method embodiment, each step involved in the above method embodiment can be executed. The specific functions of the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device can be found in the description above. To avoid repetition, the detailed description is appropriately omitted here.
[0098] Figure 2 The parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device includes at least one software function module that can be stored in a memory in the form of software or firmware or solidified in the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device, and the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device includes:
[0099] A rigid body model building module 210 is used to build a rigid body dynamics model corresponding to the parallel axis reducer;
[0100] The finite element model building module 220 is used to perform finite element modeling on the components in the rigid body dynamics model respectively to obtain a finite element model corresponding to each component;
[0101] The attribute configuration module 230 is used to configure mesh attributes for the corresponding finite element model based on the preset contact relationship between the components;
[0102] The constraint configuration module 240 is used to replace the corresponding parts in the rigid body dynamics model with the finite element model after configuring the mesh attributes, and configure the contact attributes of the replaced finite element model based on the contact relationship to obtain the reducer model to be simulated;
[0103] The performance simulation module 250 is used to determine the dynamic load spectrum based on the preset dynamic working condition, and perform multi-body dynamic simulation on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain the performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition; wherein the performance parameters include the service life of each component.
[0104] It can be understood that the above-mentioned device item embodiment corresponds to the method item embodiment of the present invention. A parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can implement the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method provided by any method item embodiment of the present invention.
[0105] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method, and will not be described in detail here.
[0106] like Figure 3As shown, some embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device 300, which includes: a memory 310, a processor 320, and a computer program stored in the memory 310 and executable on the processor 320, wherein the processor 320 reads the program from the memory 310 through the bus 330 and executes the program to implement a method such as any embodiment of the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method described above.
[0107] Processor 320 can process digital signals and can include various computing structures, such as complex instruction set computer structure, reduced instruction set computer structure, or a structure that implements a combination of multiple instruction sets. In some examples, processor 320 can be a microprocessor.
[0108] The memory 310 may be used to store instructions executed by the processor 320 or data related to the execution of instructions. These instructions and / or data may include codes for implementing some or all functions of one or more modules described in the embodiments of the present application. The processor 320 of the disclosed embodiment may be used to execute instructions in the memory 310 to implement the method shown above. The memory 310 includes a dynamic random access memory, a static random access memory, a flash memory, an optical memory, or other memory known to those skilled in the art.
[0109] Some embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. The computer program is executed by a processor to execute the method described in the method embodiment.
[0110] Some embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in the method embodiment.
[0111] It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.
[0112] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the devices, methods and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, a program segment or a part of a code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.
[0113] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
[0114] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
[0115] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.
[0116] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
[0117] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.
Claims
1. A parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method, characterized in that: include: Establish a rigid body dynamics model corresponding to the parallel axis reducer; Performing finite element modeling on the components in the rigid body dynamics model respectively to obtain finite element models corresponding to the components; Based on the preset contact relationship between components, configure mesh properties for the corresponding finite element model; The finite element model after configuring the mesh attributes is used to replace the corresponding parts in the rigid body dynamics model, and the contact attributes of the replaced finite element model are configured based on the contact relationship to obtain the reducer model to be simulated; A dynamic load spectrum is determined based on a preset dynamic working condition, and a multi-body dynamics simulation is performed on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition; wherein the performance parameters include the service life of each component.
2. The parallel axis reducer performance simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The finite element modeling is performed on the components in the rigid body dynamics model respectively to obtain the finite element model corresponding to each component, including: The object to be analyzed is determined based on preset simulation requirements, and finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the object to be analyzed in the rigid body dynamics model to obtain finite element models corresponding to each component; wherein the object to be analyzed includes at least an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, a primary driven gear, a ring gear, a bearing, a differential housing, planetary gears, a half-shaft gear, a gasket, a planetary gear shaft and a housing.
3. The parallel axis reducer performance simulation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The object to be analyzed is determined based on preset simulation requirements, and finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the object to be analyzed in the rigid body dynamics model to obtain finite element models corresponding to the components, including: Classifying corresponding components in the rigid body dynamics model into a first type and a second type based on the geometric structure characteristics of each object to be analyzed; Based on the hexahedral mesh model, finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the first type in the rigid body dynamics model respectively, and based on the volume mesh model, finite element modeling is performed on the components corresponding to the second type in the rigid body dynamics model respectively to obtain finite element models corresponding to each component.
4. The parallel axis reducer performance simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The configuring mesh attributes of the corresponding finite element model based on the preset contact relationship between the components includes: Based on the preset contact relationship between the components, the contact mesh nodes corresponding to the finite element model of each component are determined, and mesh attributes are configured for the contact mesh nodes.
5. The parallel axis reducer performance simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the dynamic load spectrum based on the preset dynamic working condition, and performing multi-body dynamics simulation on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain the performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition, include: Obtaining speed change information corresponding to a preset dynamic working condition; wherein the speed change information includes an initial speed, a target speed, and a speed change time from the initial speed to the target speed; A dynamic load spectrum is determined according to the speed change information, and a multi-body dynamics simulation is performed on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition.
6. The parallel axis reducer performance simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Determine the excitation parameters of the reducer model to be simulated due to vibration during the simulation test; Loading the excitation parameters and the reducer model to be simulated into acoustic analysis software to establish an acoustic simulation model corresponding to the reducer model to be simulated; Acoustic test results of the parallel shaft reducer are obtained based on the acoustic simulation model; wherein the acoustic test results include noise, vibration and acoustic roughness.
7. A parallel shaft reducer performance simulation device, characterized in that: include: A rigid body model building module is used to build a rigid body dynamics model corresponding to the parallel axis reducer; A finite element model building module is used to perform finite element modeling on the components in the rigid body dynamics model to obtain a finite element model corresponding to each component; An attribute configuration module is used to configure mesh attributes for a corresponding finite element model based on a preset contact relationship between components; A constraint configuration module, used to replace the corresponding parts in the rigid body dynamics model with the finite element model after configuring the grid attributes, and configure the contact attributes of the replaced finite element model based on the contact relationship to obtain the reducer model to be simulated; A performance simulation module is used to determine a dynamic load spectrum based on a preset dynamic working condition, and to perform a multi-body dynamics simulation on the reducer model to be simulated based on the dynamic load spectrum to obtain the performance parameters of the parallel axis reducer under the dynamic working condition; wherein the performance parameters include the service life of each component.
8. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 can be implemented when the processor executes the program.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is executed.
10. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the parallel shaft reducer performance simulation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.