Spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control

Abstract

A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control relates to the field of three-dimensional space management and control of construction projects, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of: encoding and sorting data into various original data information; constructing a three-dimensional scene to form a three-dimensional space analysis scene of the river construction project; a river law and regulation database is constructed into a river law and regulation resource database; building height box analysis; a vestibule analysis chart, a vision field shielding analysis chart and a bird's-eye view analysis chart are output through vision corridor analysis; result output is arranged into a document, and an achievement report is formed. The method has the advantages that the intelligent degree is high, the precision of data and calculated values is high, the result has very high accuracy, and the suitability and legality of a construction project scheme can be visually and scientifically analyzed; according to the method, the manual manufacturing cost is reduced, the construction project review period is shortened, the construction project review efficiency is improved, and the method has remarkable social benefits and very high popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of three-dimensional space control of construction projects, and in particular to a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control of three-dimensional construction projects, which uses three-dimensional geographic information technology and virtual reality technology to quickly build a project design plan and a three-dimensional scene of a river and its surroundings, accurately express the spatial location, size, distance, shape, and color of buildings and structures, and analyze and determine whether the design plan of a construction project meets the conditions of protection planning regulations. Background Art

[0002] Today, with the rapid development of 3D virtual reality technology and geographic information technology, there is no corresponding 3D space protection and control spatial analysis software for the suitability of construction projects near the 3D space analysis area. In order to further standardize the construction project approval method, improve the scientific nature of planning management and improve the efficiency of planning administrative approval, a 3D space control spatial analysis method is developed, combined with the land space control regulations of Tianjin core monitoring area, to develop a supporting 3D space analysis software for construction projects, to assist users in determining whether the planning and implementation of construction projects meet the requirements of protection planning regulations. Summary of the invention

[0003] An embodiment of the present invention provides a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control. The method of the present invention can comprehensively analyze the suitability of the architectural space position, size, skyline, height, and spatial form of the construction project design scheme from three-dimensional space, intelligently analyze and compare whether the design indicators of the design scheme meet the requirements of protection regulations, determine the spatial position and indicator content that do not meet the requirements of the regulations, and finally automatically generate a three-dimensional space analysis report atlas document for the construction project.

[0004] The present invention provides a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0005] Data coding: Code and classify the project space data, surrounding space data and space data, as well as the protection regulations data required for the construction project, and organize them into various types of original data;

[0006] 3D scene construction: extract the original data after coding, and make a 3D space control and analysis model for the construction project in accordance with the requirements of protection laws and regulations. Name and code each 3D model object to finally form a 3D space analysis scene for the river construction project.

[0007] River regulations database construction: extract the original data after coding, extract the relevant laws and regulations and indicator data of protection planning, and build a legal and regulatory resource database;

[0008] Building height box analysis: extract the original data after encoding, identify the building to be analyzed in the three-dimensional scene, identify the river bank, extract the protection regulation index data, simulate and construct the building height limit box, obtain the buildings that exceed the regulatory requirements through superposition analysis, extract the building height information and building area information, generate the analysis result table, plot the building height value and highlight the super-high height value. At the same time, extract the construction project and surrounding buildings, calculate the average height according to the area range, generate the average height box of the area range, and plot the height, and finally output the corridor analysis diagram, the view occlusion analysis diagram and the bird's-eye view analysis diagram;

[0009] Visual corridor analysis: extract the encoded raw data, identify the scope of the construction project in the three-dimensional scene, identify the location of the surrounding key buildings, and conduct corridor analysis between the construction project relative to the viewpoint and the key buildings according to the input viewpoint position, conduct visual occlusion analysis on the construction project with respect to the viewpoint position, and plot the relevant information, and finally output the corridor analysis diagram, visual occlusion analysis diagram and bird's-eye view analysis diagram;

[0010] Result output: The result graphs, tables, and texts obtained from the analysis in the above steps shall be compiled into documents in accordance with regulatory requirements to form a results report.

[0011] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the height box analysis steps are specifically: building identification, river bank identification, height limit analysis, and building space analysis diagram output; wherein:

[0012] Building recognition: Extract the original data of the 3D scene, select the building data according to the characteristic value information of the building data and surrounding key buildings in the construction project, and perform building recognition coding;

[0013] Riverbank identification: Based on the direction and width of the river, the riverbanks on the same and other sides of the construction project are identified and coded;

[0014] Height restriction analysis: Extract the height restriction index requirement data and height restriction mathematical model in the original protection planning regulations, and establish a three-dimensional height restriction control box according to the requirements; by superimposing it with the construction project, obtain the buildings that exceed the height restriction box, and mark them in red to indicate that they do not meet the regulatory requirements;

[0015] Average height analysis: Extract the building code data and riverbank code data of the construction project in the three-dimensional scene, extract the river regulations data, calculate the average height of the buildings in the unit according to the plot range, and establish a three-dimensional box of the average height of the plot buildings. By comparing with the protection planning and regulatory indicators, analyze whether the average height box exceeds the requirements of the river protection planning and regulatory requirements, and mark it in red to indicate that it does not meet the regulatory requirements;

[0016] Output of architectural space analysis diagram: extract the building height limit box and the building average height analysis box, identify the scene camera position, and output the height limit analysis diagram results and the average height analysis diagram results respectively.

[0017] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control, wherein the visual corridor analysis steps are specifically: project identification, key building identification, corridor analysis, occlusion domain analysis, bird's-eye view analysis, and visual corridor analysis diagram output; wherein:

[0018] Project identification: extract project data from the 3D scene and encode it according to project scope and project building;

[0019] Key building identification: Extract the building data around the 3D scene construction project, select the key building data according to the characteristic value information of the key building data, and perform key building coding;

[0020] Corridor analysis: Based on the identified construction projects and key building coding data, the viewpoint position is input, the visibility between the viewpoint position and the key buildings is analyzed and calculated, and it is determined whether the visual corridor is blocked by the construction project to form a mapping relationship table.

[0021] Occlusion analysis: Based on the identified scope and buildings of the construction project, as well as the coding data of key buildings around the construction project, the visible domain and occlusion domain analysis of the construction project is performed with the location of the key buildings as the viewpoint. The areas obscured by the construction project are rendered in red, and the unobstructed areas are rendered in green. The occlusion analysis mapping results are established for each viewpoint.

[0022] Bird's-eye view analysis: Extract the 3D model of the construction project, the 3D model of the surrounding key buildings and the scope model of the construction project according to the building code of the construction project, identify the 3D scene viewpoint positions of the construction project from the four directions of the construction project and the viewpoints of relevant people and key buildings, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0023] Output of visual corridor analysis diagram: extract the corridor analysis mapping results separately, adjust the current viewpoint position to the analysis viewpoint position in the three-dimensional scene, automatically mark the key building names and construction project names, and output the corridor analysis diagram for each viewpoint position separately; extract the occlusion analysis mapping results of each viewpoint, overlay rendering, mark the key building names and construction project name information, combine the construction project scope and viewpoint position, adjust the viewpoint position to a bird's-eye view, and automatically output the corridor analysis diagram, visual occlusion analysis diagram and bird's-eye analysis diagram results.

[0024] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the specific steps of the height limit analysis are:

[0025] Height limit box calculation: According to the building code and river bank code of the construction project, extract the three-dimensional building model and river bank model of the construction project, establish the vertical distance ray set between each building point and the point of the polygon vertex of the construction project scope line and the opposite river bank, and obtain the elevation angle threshold height distance ratio threshold according to the protection law index input, that is, the elevation angle of the opposite bank α = 18°, the height distance ratio threshold δ = 1 / 3, δ = 1 / 4, and rotate the vertical distance ray with the opposite river bank with the foot point as the rotation point, along the Z coordinate axis direction, rotate the α angle and the height distance ratio threshold, solve the final threshold ray, and finally sort these threshold rays in space, construct the threshold surface, and construct the vertical surface vertically downward to form a height limit box;

[0026] The points of the vertices of the three-dimensional model of the construction project and the construction project scope polygon are recorded as p i (x, y, z), calculate the shortest vertical distance with the opposite bank to get the foot point p′ i (x, y, z), then the vertical distance ray is recorded as p′ i p i , where each building number i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N, where N is the sum of the total number of buildings in the construction project and the total number of vertices on the construction project scope line. The Z coordinate axis vector is denoted as Z(0, 0, 1). Assume that point p i The intersection point along the Z axis with the elevation threshold surface is q i , the distance between the point and the foot of the perpendicular point along the opposite bank of the river is L, and the building height threshold is H, then q i The coordinate calculation is shown as follows:

[0027] q i (x, y, z) = p i +Z(0,0,1)×H

[0028] H=min(|p′ i p i |×tan(α),L×δ)

[0029] L=|p′ i p i |

[0030] The min method is used to compare and obtain the minimum value, and the tan method is used to calculate the tangent trigonometric function value of the angle. i q i Create a set of line segments, sort them in spatial position according to the river direction of the opposite bank, and finally form a height limit analysis box.

[0031] Building height marking: Determine whether the construction project exceeds the height limit based on the intersection of the 3D model of the construction project building and the height limit box, and obtain the number of floors that exceed the height. Use 3D labels to mark the height of each building directly above the building. Buildings that meet the height limit conditions use black fonts, and buildings that exceed the height limit box use red fonts. The height limit box is divided by the vertical plane of the construction project control zone line. The height limit box close to the side is blue and transparently rendered, and the height limit box close to the construction project side is green and transparently rendered. The name of the community and the name of the construction project are marked above the surrounding building communities and construction projects, and the font color is black. At the same time, a table of analysis results of the height limit box of the construction project is generated;

[0032] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the specific steps of the average height analysis are:

[0033] Average height box calculation: extract the surrounding building 3D model, divide it into areas according to the scope of the community plot, calculate the building height of each area respectively, calculate the average height value of the area, and then raise the area range polygon to the average height, and use pink transparent rendering to form an average height box;

[0034] Obtain the height H of each building in the area by traversing i , then the formula for calculating the average building height is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, n is the total number of buildings in the area, and h is the average height of buildings in the area;

[0037] Average height marking: According to regulatory requirements, the name is marked above each control line, and the font color is consistent with the line. The building category, house name and average building height value are marked above each constructed average height box.

[0038] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the specific steps of outputting the architectural space analysis diagram are:

[0039] Camera orientation recognition: Extract the scope of the construction project, take the construction project as the center, and look down at the entire construction project and surrounding buildings at a 45-degree angle from south to north to identify the position and orientation of the 3D scene viewpoint camera.

[0040] Output of building height box analysis diagram: According to the identified viewpoint camera orientation, adjust the viewpoint camera, extract the height limit analysis box and average height analysis box and 3D annotation respectively, and output the height limit analysis diagram and average height analysis diagram with high-definition resolution;

[0041] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the specific steps of the corridor analysis are:

[0042] Project scope identification: extract the construction project scope code, quickly pick up the 3D model of the construction project, and identify the scope boundary of the construction project;

[0043] Key viewpoint identification: extract key elements around the construction project, quickly pick up the 3D model of key elements of surrounding historical buildings, identify key points as viewpoints, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0044] Corridor analysis: extract the viewpoint mapping of surrounding key elements, adjust the viewpoint camera position, observe the construction project situation, and automatically identify the scene elements that block the view;

[0045] Output of corridor viewpoint orientation: Map the key viewpoint orientation and view occlusion elements picked up, establish a mapping relationship and output them to temporary file storage;

[0046] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the specific steps of the occlusion domain analysis are:

[0047] Key viewpoint identification: extract key elements around the construction project, quickly pick up the 3D model of key elements of surrounding historical buildings, identify key points as viewpoints, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0048] Occlusion area analysis: extract key viewpoint positions and viewpoint orientation mappings respectively, adjust the 3D viewpoint camera to the key viewpoint and observation orientation, scan the 3D scene and the 3D building of the construction project, and establish the mapping relationship between the visible area of ​​the building surface and the viewpoint;

[0049] Output of occluded area: Extract the 3D model of the construction project scope, combine the key viewpoint positions, identify the bird's-eye viewpoint and orientation mapping. Extract the mapping results of each key viewpoint occlusion area analysis separately, merge the visible and invisible ranges of the building surface within the field of view, and form visible and invisible area mapping for output;

[0050] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control, wherein the specific steps of the bird's-eye view analysis are:

[0051] Bird's-eye view analysis: Extract the 3D model of the construction project, the 3D model of the surrounding key buildings and the scope model of the construction project according to the building code of the construction project, identify the 3D scene viewpoint positions of the construction project from the four directions of the construction project and the viewpoints of relevant people and key buildings, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0052] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the specific steps of outputting the visual corridor analysis diagram are:

[0053] Camera orientation recognition: extract the viewpoint position mapping for corridor analysis and occlusion area analysis respectively, and adjust the 3D viewpoint to the position;

[0054] Analysis result plotting: extract the corridor analysis and occlusion area analysis result mapping, as well as the camera viewpoint position, respectively; the building surface area that can be observed within the field of view of the viewpoint position is rendered semi-transparently in green; the building surface area that cannot be observed within the field of view of the viewpoint is rendered semi-transparently in red; the key viewpoint positions are drawn with yellow dots, the field of view is rendered in green, and the key element names, road names and names are plotted in white fonts with black borders.

[0055] Output of visual corridor analysis diagram: The high-definition resolution corridor analysis result diagram, occlusion area analysis result diagram and bird's-eye view analysis result diagram of each viewpoint position are captured by a three-dimensional viewpoint camera and output to a picture file.

[0056] A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, wherein the three-dimensional model of surrounding buildings and structures includes: three-dimensional models, ground buildings and structures around the construction project, basic supporting facilities, urban landscape, urban roads, traffic signs, street lights, green plants, urban components, and other water systems; the three-dimensional model of the construction project includes: construction project buildings and structures, construction project landscape, security, supporting facilities, garages, and parking spaces; the content of the building space analysis diagram mainly includes a height limit analysis diagram and an average height analysis diagram, wherein the main content of the height limit analysis diagram is based on a three-dimensional digital city model, superimposed with an analysis result height control box three-dimensional model, and takes a close-up bird's-eye view of the construction project, and the description part includes an eagle-eye diagram of the construction project, a legend, and an analysis conclusion table and description and diagram name. The main content of the average height analysis diagram is based on the three-dimensional digital city model, superimposed with the three-dimensional model of the average height control box of the analysis results, and taking the close-up bird's-eye view of the construction project. The description part includes the eagle-eye view of the construction project, the legend, and the analysis conclusion table and description and the name of the diagram; the main content of the corridor analysis diagram includes the corridor analysis diagram and the occlusion domain analysis diagram, among which the corridor analysis diagram is mainly based on the three-dimensional digital city three-dimensional model, and takes the viewpoints of each key element of the close-up of the construction project for framing, and marks the viewpoint position and the construction project position; the main content of the occlusion domain analysis diagram is mainly based on the three-dimensional digital city scene model, superimposed with the three-dimensional scene model of the construction project and the occlusion domain analysis result model, and merged rendering and output diagrams from the key viewpoints on both sides, taking the close-up low-altitude bird's-eye viewpoint position of the construction project, and the description part includes the eagle-eye view of the construction project, the legend, the analysis conclusion description and the name of the diagram; the main content of the bird's-eye view analysis diagram includes the three-dimensional digital city scene model and the three-dimensional model of the construction project, taking the nearby low-altitude bird's-eye viewpoint, the key building viewpoint and the human viewpoint respectively.

[0057] Advantages of the present invention:

[0058] The present invention provides a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control. For the first time, the method of three-dimensional geographic information technology is used to conduct spatial analysis and review of construction projects in the field of protecting the ecological environment. The method has a high degree of intelligence, high precision of data and calculated values, and a high accuracy rate of results. It can intuitively and scientifically analyze the suitability and legality of construction project plans. The method reduces labor production costs, shortens the review period of construction projects, improves the review efficiency of construction projects, and has significant social benefits and high promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall process of a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a construction project building space analysis step in a space analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of the visual corridor analysis steps of a construction project in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a height-limited box calculation step in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 5 A flowchart of the steps of calculating the average height box in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of the steps of outputting a height box analysis diagram of a construction project in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 7 A schematic flow chart of a step of identifying key buildings around a construction project in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 8 A schematic flow chart of the steps of corridor analysis for a construction project in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Fig. 9 A schematic flow chart of the construction project occlusion domain analysis step in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Fig.10A schematic flow chart of a construction project bird's-eye view analysis step in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Fig.11 A schematic flow chart of the steps of outputting a visual corridor analysis diagram of a construction project in a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0071] Embodiment 1:

[0072] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0073] Data coding: Code and classify the project space data, surrounding space data and space data, as well as the protection regulations data required for the construction project, and organize them into various types of original data;

[0074] 3D scene construction: extract the original data after coding, and make a 3D space control and analysis model for the construction project in accordance with the requirements of protection laws and regulations. Name and code each 3D model object to finally form a 3D space analysis scene for the river construction project.

[0075] River regulations database construction: extract the original data after coding, extract the relevant laws and regulations and indicator data of protection planning, and build a legal and regulatory resource database;

[0076] Building height box analysis: extract the encoded raw data, identify the building to be analyzed in the three-dimensional scene, identify the river bank, extract the protection law indicator data, simulate and construct the building height limit box, obtain the building that exceeds the height required by the law through superposition analysis, extract the building height information and building area information, generate the analysis result table, plot the building height value and highlight the super-high height value. At the same time, extract the construction project and surrounding buildings, calculate the average height according to the area range, generate the average height box of the area range, and plot the height, and finally output the height limit box analysis diagram and the average height box analysis diagram;

[0077] Visual corridor analysis: extract the encoded raw data, identify the scope of the construction project in the three-dimensional scene, identify the location of the surrounding key buildings, and conduct corridor analysis between the construction project relative to the viewpoint and the key buildings according to the input viewpoint position, conduct visual occlusion analysis on the construction project with respect to the viewpoint position, and plot the relevant information, and finally output the corridor analysis diagram, visual occlusion analysis diagram and bird's-eye view analysis diagram;

[0078] Result output: The result graphs, tables, and texts obtained from the analysis in the above steps shall be compiled into documents according to the requirements of laws and regulations to form a report on the results. Result output: The result graphs, tables, and texts obtained from the analysis in the above steps shall be compiled into documents according to the requirements of laws and regulations to form a report on the results.

[0079] like Figure 2 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the height box analysis steps are specifically: building identification, river bank identification, height limit analysis, and building space analysis diagram output; wherein:

[0080] Building recognition: Extract the original data of the 3D scene, select the building data according to the characteristic value information of the building data and surrounding key buildings in the construction project, and perform building recognition coding;

[0081] Riverbank identification: Based on the direction and width of the river, the riverbanks on the same and other sides of the construction project are identified and coded;

[0082] Height restriction analysis: Extract the height restriction index requirement data and height restriction mathematical model in the original protection planning regulations, and establish a three-dimensional height restriction control box according to the requirements; by superimposing it with the construction project, obtain the buildings that exceed the height restriction box, and mark them in red to indicate that they do not meet the regulatory requirements;

[0083] Average height analysis: Extract the building code data and riverbank code data of the construction project in the three-dimensional scene, extract the river regulations data, calculate the average height of the buildings in the unit according to the plot range, and establish a three-dimensional box of the average height of the plot buildings. By comparing with the protection planning and regulatory indicators, analyze whether the average height box exceeds the requirements of the river protection planning and regulatory requirements, and mark it in red to indicate that it does not meet the regulatory requirements;

[0084] Output of architectural space analysis diagram: extract the building height limit box and the building average height analysis box, identify the scene camera position, and output the height limit analysis diagram results and the average height analysis diagram results respectively.

[0085] like Figure 3 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control, wherein the visual corridor analysis steps are specifically: project identification, key building identification, corridor analysis, occlusion domain analysis, and visual corridor analysis diagram output; wherein:

[0086] Project identification: extract project data from the 3D scene and encode it according to project scope and project building;

[0087] Key building identification: Extract the building data around the 3D scene construction project, select the key building data according to the characteristic value information of the key building data, and perform key building coding;

[0088] Corridor analysis: Based on the identified construction projects and key building coding data, the viewpoint position is input, the visibility between the viewpoint position and the key buildings is analyzed and calculated, and it is determined whether the visual corridor is blocked by the construction project to form a mapping relationship table.

[0089] Occlusion analysis: Based on the identified scope and buildings of the construction project, as well as the coding data of key buildings around the construction project, the visible domain and occlusion domain analysis of the construction project is performed with the location of the key buildings as the viewpoint. The areas obscured by the construction project are rendered in red, and the unobstructed areas are rendered in green. The occlusion analysis mapping results are established for each viewpoint.

[0090] Output of visual corridor analysis diagram: extract the corridor analysis mapping results separately, adjust the current viewpoint position to the analysis viewpoint position in the three-dimensional scene, automatically mark the key building names and construction project names, and output the corridor analysis diagram for each viewpoint position separately; extract the occlusion analysis mapping results of each viewpoint, overlay rendering, mark the key building names and construction project name information, combine the construction project scope and viewpoint position, adjust the viewpoint position to a bird's-eye view, and automatically output the visual occlusion analysis results diagram.

[0091] like Figure 4 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the height limit analysis are:

[0092] Height limit box calculation: according to the building code and river bank code of the construction project, extract the three-dimensional building model and river bank model of the construction project, establish the vertical distance ray set between each building point and the point of the polygon vertex of the construction project scope line and the opposite river bank, and obtain the elevation angle threshold height distance ratio threshold according to the protection law index input, that is, the elevation angle of the opposite bank α = 18°, the height distance ratio threshold δ = 1 / 3, δ = 1 / 4, and rotate the vertical distance ray with the opposite river bank with the foot point as the rotation point, along the Z coordinate axis direction, rotate the α angle and the height distance ratio threshold, solve the final threshold ray, and finally sort these threshold rays in space, construct the threshold surface, and construct the vertical surface vertically downward to form a height limit box;

[0093] The points of the vertices of the three-dimensional model of the construction project and the construction project scope polygon are recorded as p i (x, y, z), calculate the shortest vertical distance with the opposite bank to get the foot point p′i (x, y, z), then the vertical distance ray is recorded as p′ i p i , where each building number i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N, where N is the sum of the total number of buildings in the construction project and the total number of vertices on the construction project scope line. The Z coordinate axis vector is denoted as Z(0, 0, 1). Assume that point p i The intersection point along the Z axis with the elevation threshold surface is q i , the distance between the point and the foot of the perpendicular point along the opposite bank of the river is L, and the building height threshold is H, then q i The coordinate calculation is shown as follows:

[0094] q i (x, y, z) = p i +Z(0,0,1)×H

[0095] H=min(|p ′ ip i |×tan(α),L×δ)

[0096] L=|p′ i p i |

[0097] The min method is used to compare and obtain the minimum value, and the tan method is used to calculate the tangent trigonometric function value of the angle. i q i Create a set of line segments, sort them in spatial position according to the river direction of the opposite bank, and finally form a height limit analysis box.

[0098] Building height marking: Determine whether the construction project exceeds the height limit based on the intersection of the 3D model of the construction project building and the height limit box, and obtain the number of floors that exceed the height. Use 3D labels to mark the height of each building directly above the building. Buildings that meet the height limit conditions use black fonts, and buildings that exceed the height limit box use red fonts. The height limit box is divided by the vertical plane of the construction project control zone line. The height limit box close to the side is blue and transparently rendered, and the height limit box close to the construction project side is green and transparently rendered. The name of the community and the name of the construction project are marked above the surrounding building communities and construction projects, and the font color is black. At the same time, a table of analysis results of the height limit box of the construction project is generated;

[0099] like Figure 5 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the average height analysis are:

[0100] Average height box calculation: extract the surrounding building 3D model, divide it into areas according to the scope of the community plot, calculate the building height of each area respectively, calculate the average height value of the area, and then raise the area range polygon to the average height, and use pink transparent rendering to form an average height box;

[0101] Obtain the height H of each building in the area by traversing i , then the formula for calculating the average building height is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, n is the total number of buildings in the area, and h is the average height of buildings in the area;

[0104] Average height marking: According to regulatory requirements, the name is marked above each control line, and the font color is consistent with the line. The building category, house name and average building height value are marked above each constructed average height box.

[0105] like Figure 6 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of outputting the architectural space analysis diagram are:

[0106] Camera orientation recognition: Extract the scope of the construction project, take the construction project as the center, and look down at the entire construction project and surrounding buildings at a 45-degree angle from south to north to identify the position and orientation of the 3D scene viewpoint camera.

[0107] Output of building height box analysis diagram: According to the identified viewpoint camera orientation, adjust the viewpoint camera, extract the height limit analysis box and average height analysis box and 3D annotation respectively, and output the height limit analysis diagram and average height analysis diagram with high-definition resolution;

[0108] like Figure 7 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of identifying key buildings are:

[0109] Input of surrounding key element features: Extract key building elements around the construction project, input corresponding element features, and establish mapping relationships;

[0110] Feature coding of surrounding key elements: Feature coding of key elements surrounding the established construction project is used to quickly retrieve and pick up surrounding key elements.

[0111] like Figure 8 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the corridor analysis are:

[0112] Project scope identification: extract the construction project scope code, quickly pick up the 3D model of the construction project, and identify the scope boundary of the construction project;

[0113] Key viewpoint identification: extract key elements around the construction project, quickly pick up the 3D model of key elements of surrounding historical buildings, identify key points as viewpoints, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0114] Corridor analysis: extract the viewpoint mapping of surrounding key elements, adjust the viewpoint camera position, observe the construction project situation, and automatically identify the scene elements that block the view;

[0115] Output of corridor viewpoint orientation: Map the key viewpoint orientation and view occlusion elements picked up, establish a mapping relationship and output them to temporary file storage;

[0116] like Fig. 9 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the occlusion domain analysis are:

[0117] Key viewpoint identification: extract key elements around the construction project, quickly pick up the 3D model of key elements of surrounding historical buildings, identify key points as viewpoints, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0118] Occlusion area analysis: extract key viewpoint positions and viewpoint orientation mappings respectively, adjust the 3D viewpoint camera to the key viewpoint and observation orientation, scan the 3D scene and the 3D building of the construction project, and establish the mapping relationship between the visible area of ​​the building surface and the viewpoint;

[0119] Output of occluded area: Extract the 3D model of the construction project scope, combine the key viewpoint positions, identify the bird's-eye viewpoint and orientation mapping. Extract the mapping results of each key viewpoint occlusion area analysis separately, merge the visible and invisible ranges of the building surface within the field of view, and form visible and invisible area mapping for output;

[0120] like Fig.10 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the bird's-eye view analysis are:

[0121] Bird's-eye view analysis: Extract the 3D model of the construction project, the 3D model of the surrounding key buildings and the scope model of the construction project according to the building code of the construction project, identify the 3D scene viewpoint positions of the construction project from the four directions of the construction project and the viewpoints of relevant people and key buildings, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0122] like Fig.11 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of outputting the visual corridor analysis diagram are:

[0123] Camera orientation recognition: extract the viewpoint position mapping for corridor analysis and occlusion area analysis respectively, and adjust the 3D viewpoint to the position;

[0124] Analysis result plotting: extract the corridor analysis and occlusion area analysis result mapping, as well as the camera viewpoint position, respectively; the building surface area that can be observed within the field of view of the viewpoint position is rendered semi-transparently in green; the building surface area that cannot be observed within the field of view of the viewpoint is rendered semi-transparently in red; the key viewpoint positions are drawn with yellow dots, the field of view is rendered in green, and the key element names, road names and names are plotted in white fonts with black borders.

[0125] Output of visual corridor analysis diagram: The high-definition resolution corridor analysis result diagram, occlusion area analysis result diagram and bird's-eye view analysis result diagram of each viewpoint position are captured by a three-dimensional viewpoint camera and output to a picture file.

[0126] In the specific implementation case: the three-dimensional model of the surrounding buildings and structures includes: three-dimensional model, ground buildings and structures around the construction project, basic supporting facilities, urban landscape, urban roads, traffic signs, street lights, green plants, urban components, and other water systems; the three-dimensional model of the construction project includes: construction project buildings and structures, construction project landscape, security, supporting facilities, garages, and parking spaces; the content of the building space analysis diagram mainly includes the height limit analysis diagram and the average height analysis diagram, among which the main content of the height limit analysis diagram is based on the three-dimensional digital city model as the background, superimposed with the three-dimensional model of the analysis result height control box, and takes a close-up bird's-eye view of the construction project. The description part includes the construction project eagle-eye map, legend, and analysis conclusion table and description and diagram name. The main content of the average height analysis diagram is based on the three-dimensional digital city model, superimposed with the three-dimensional model of the average height control box of the analysis results, and taking the close-up bird's-eye view of the construction project. The description part includes the eagle-eye view of the construction project, the legend, and the analysis conclusion table and description and the name of the diagram; the main content of the corridor analysis diagram includes the corridor analysis diagram and the occlusion domain analysis diagram, among which the corridor analysis diagram is mainly based on the three-dimensional digital city three-dimensional model, and takes the viewpoints of each key element of the close-up of the construction project for framing, and marks the viewpoint position and the construction project position; the main content of the occlusion domain analysis diagram is mainly based on the three-dimensional digital city scene model, superimposed with the three-dimensional scene model of the construction project and the occlusion domain analysis result model, and merged rendering and output diagrams from the key viewpoints on both sides, taking the close-up low-altitude bird's-eye viewpoint position of the construction project, and the description part includes the eagle-eye view of the construction project, the legend, the analysis conclusion description and the name of the diagram; the main content of the bird's-eye view analysis diagram includes the three-dimensional digital city scene model and the three-dimensional model of the construction project, taking the nearby low-altitude bird's-eye viewpoint, the key building viewpoint and the human viewpoint respectively.

[0127] Embodiment 2:

[0128] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0129] Data coding: Encode and classify the spatial data, building feature attribute data, and protection planning and regulatory data required for the project and surrounding ground structures, and organize various types of original data. Spatial data includes: ground three-dimensional point cloud data coding YH-DY-DS-00001.las, ground image data coding YH-YX-DS-00001.jpg, ground house vector data coding YH-FW-DS-00001.shp, connection vector data coding YH-DYH-DS-00001.shp, protection planning range vector data coding YH-BHGHFW-DS-00001.shp, ground topographic map data coding YH-DX-DS-00001.dwg, project construction drawing data coding YH-XM-SG-00001.dwg. Planning and regulatory data include: Tianjin section core monitoring area land space control details coding YH-JSXM-JSGF-DB12-00001.pdf. The naming rule is to divide the file into units according to the "-" symbol. The file extension is after the "." symbol. The last unit number in all codes is the number of this type of data. If there are multiple data, the numbers are accumulated in this unit.

[0130] 3D scene construction: extract the original spatial data after coding, and produce the 3D spatial analysis model and the surrounding status 3D model data according to the original data production specifications of the regulations. Name and code each constructed 3D model by category. The code is unique, and finally a three-dimensional 3D spatial analysis scene is formed. In addition, the attribute data establishes the attribute information database, and designs the software access interface.

[0131] River regulations database construction: extract the original data of planning regulations after coding, extract the data of relevant regulations and indicators of protection planning, build a legal and regulatory information database, establish views and storage procedures, and design and add software access interfaces;

[0132] Building height box analysis: extract the encoded raw data, identify the building to be analyzed in the three-dimensional scene, identify the river bank, extract the protection law indicator data, simulate and construct the building height limit box, obtain the building that exceeds the height required by the law through superposition analysis, extract the building height information and building area information, generate the analysis result table, plot the building height value and highlight the super-high height value. At the same time, extract the construction project and surrounding buildings, calculate the average height according to the area range, generate the average height box of the area range, and plot the height, and finally output the height limit box analysis diagram and the average height box analysis diagram;

[0133] Visual corridor analysis: extract the encoded raw data, identify the scope of the construction project in the three-dimensional scene, identify the location of the surrounding key buildings, and conduct corridor analysis between the construction project relative to the viewpoint and the key buildings according to the input viewpoint position, conduct visual occlusion analysis on the construction project with respect to the viewpoint position, and plot the relevant information, and finally output the corridor analysis diagram, visual occlusion analysis diagram and bird's-eye view analysis diagram;

[0134] Result output: The result graphs, tables, and texts obtained from the analysis in the above steps shall be compiled into documents according to the requirements of laws and regulations to form a report on the results. Result output: The result graphs, tables, and texts obtained from the analysis in the above steps shall be compiled into documents according to the requirements of laws and regulations to form a report on the results.

[0135] like Figure 2 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the height box analysis steps are specifically: building identification, river bank identification, height limit analysis, and building space analysis diagram output; wherein:

[0136] Building recognition: Extract the original data of the 3D scene, select the building data according to the characteristic value information of the building data and surrounding key buildings in the construction project, and perform building recognition coding;

[0137] Riverbank identification: Based on the direction and width of the river, the riverbanks on the same and other sides of the construction project are identified and coded;

[0138] Height restriction analysis: Extract the height restriction index requirement data and height restriction mathematical model in the original protection planning regulations, and establish a three-dimensional height restriction control box according to the requirements; by superimposing it with the construction project, obtain the buildings that exceed the height restriction box, and mark them in red to indicate that they do not meet the regulatory requirements;

[0139] Average height analysis: Extract the building code data and riverbank code data of the construction project in the three-dimensional scene, extract the river regulations data, calculate the average height of the buildings in the unit according to the plot range, and establish a three-dimensional box of the average height of the plot buildings. By comparing with the protection planning and regulatory indicators, analyze whether the average height box exceeds the requirements of the river protection planning and regulatory requirements, and mark it in red to indicate that it does not meet the regulatory requirements;

[0140] Output of architectural space analysis diagram: extract the building height limit box and the building average height analysis box, identify the scene camera position, and output the height limit analysis diagram results and the average height analysis diagram results respectively.

[0141] like Figure 3 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space management and control, wherein the visual corridor analysis steps are specifically: project identification, key building identification, corridor analysis, occlusion domain analysis, and visual corridor analysis diagram output; wherein:

[0142] Project identification: extract project data from the 3D scene and encode it according to project scope and project building;

[0143] Key building identification: Extract the building data around the 3D scene construction project, select the key building data according to the characteristic value information of the key building data, and perform key building coding;

[0144] Corridor analysis: Based on the identified construction projects and key building coding data, the viewpoint position is input, the visibility between the viewpoint position and the key buildings is analyzed and calculated, and it is determined whether the visual corridor is blocked by the construction project to form a mapping relationship table.

[0145] Occlusion analysis: Based on the identified scope and buildings of the construction project, as well as the coding data of key buildings around the construction project, the visible domain and occlusion domain analysis of the construction project is performed with the location of the key buildings as the viewpoint. The areas obscured by the construction project are rendered in red, and the unobstructed areas are rendered in green. The occlusion analysis mapping results are established for each viewpoint.

[0146] Output of visual corridor analysis diagram: extract the corridor analysis mapping results separately, adjust the current viewpoint position to the analysis viewpoint position in the three-dimensional scene, automatically mark the key building names and construction project names, and output the corridor analysis diagram for each viewpoint position separately; extract the occlusion analysis mapping results of each viewpoint, overlay rendering, mark the key building names and construction project name information, combine the construction project scope and viewpoint position, adjust the viewpoint position to a bird's-eye view, and automatically output the visual occlusion analysis results diagram.

[0147] like Figure 4 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the height limit analysis are:

[0148] Height limit box calculation: according to the building code and river bank code of the construction project, extract the three-dimensional building model and river bank model of the construction project, establish the vertical distance ray set between each building point and the point of the polygon vertex of the construction project scope line and the opposite river bank, and obtain the elevation angle threshold height distance ratio threshold according to the protection regulation index input, that is, the elevation angle of the opposite bank α = 18°, the height distance ratio threshold δ = 1 / 3 or 6 = 1 / 4, and rotate the vertical distance ray with the opposite river bank with the foot point as the rotation point, along the Z coordinate axis direction, rotate the α angle and the height distance ratio threshold, solve the final threshold ray, and finally sort these threshold rays in space, construct the threshold surface, and construct the vertical surface vertically downward to form a height limit box;

[0149] The points of the vertices of the three-dimensional model of the construction project and the construction project scope polygon are recorded as p i (x, y, z), calculate the shortest vertical distance with the opposite bank to get the foot point p′i (x, y, z), then the vertical distance ray is recorded as p′ i p i , where each building number i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N, where N is the sum of the total number of buildings in the construction project and the total number of vertices on the construction project scope line. The Z coordinate axis vector is denoted as Z(0, 0, 1). Assume that point p i The intersection point along the Z axis with the elevation threshold surface is q i , the distance between the point and the foot of the perpendicular point along the opposite bank of the river is L, and the building height threshold is H, then q i The coordinate calculation is shown as follows:

[0150] q i (x, y, z) = p i +Z(0,0,1)×H

[0151] H=min(|p′ i p i |×tan(α),L×δ)

[0152] L=|p′ i p i |

[0153] The min method is used to compare and obtain the minimum value, and the tan method is used to calculate the tangent trigonometric function value of the angle. i q i Create a set of line segments, sort them in spatial position according to the river direction of the opposite bank, and finally form a height limit analysis box.

[0154] Building height marking: Determine whether the construction project exceeds the height limit based on the intersection of the 3D model of the construction project building and the height limit box, and obtain the number of floors that exceed the height. Use 3D labels to mark the height of each building directly above the building. Buildings that meet the height limit conditions use black fonts, and buildings that exceed the height limit box use red fonts. The height limit box is divided by the vertical plane of the construction project control zone line. The height limit box close to the side is blue and transparently rendered, and the height limit box close to the construction project side is green and transparently rendered. The name of the community and the name of the construction project are marked above the surrounding building communities and construction projects, and the font color is black. At the same time, a table of analysis results of the height limit box of the construction project is generated;

[0155] like Figure 5 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the average height analysis are:

[0156] Average height box calculation: extract the surrounding building 3D model, divide it into areas according to the scope of the community plot, calculate the building height of each area respectively, calculate the average height value of the area, and then raise the area range polygon to the average height, and use pink transparent rendering to form an average height box;

[0157] Obtain the height H of each building in the area by traversing i , then the formula for calculating the average building height is as follows:

[0158]

[0159] Among them, n is the total number of buildings in the area, and h is the average height of buildings in the area;

[0160] Average height marking: According to regulatory requirements, the name is marked above each control line, and the font color is consistent with the line. The building category, house name and average building height value are marked above each constructed average height box.

[0161] like Figure 6 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of outputting the architectural space analysis diagram are:

[0162] Camera orientation recognition: Extract the scope of the construction project, take the construction project as the center, and look down at the entire construction project and surrounding buildings at a 45-degree angle from south to north to identify the position and orientation of the 3D scene viewpoint camera.

[0163] Output of building height box analysis diagram: According to the identified viewpoint camera orientation, adjust the viewpoint camera, extract the height limit analysis box and average height analysis box and 3D annotation respectively, and output the height limit analysis diagram and average height analysis diagram with high-definition resolution;

[0164] like Figure 7 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of identifying key buildings are:

[0165] Input of surrounding key element features: Extract key building elements around the construction project, input corresponding element features, and establish mapping relationships;

[0166] Feature coding of surrounding key elements: Feature coding of key elements surrounding the established construction project is used to quickly retrieve and pick up surrounding key elements.

[0167] like Figure 8 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the corridor analysis are:

[0168] Project scope identification: extract the construction project scope code, quickly pick up the 3D model of the construction project, and identify the scope boundary of the construction project;

[0169] Key viewpoint identification: extract key elements around the construction project, quickly pick up the 3D model of key elements of surrounding historical buildings, identify key points as viewpoints, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0170] Corridor analysis: extract the viewpoint mapping of surrounding key elements, adjust the viewpoint camera position, observe the construction project situation, and automatically identify the scene elements that block the view;

[0171] Output of corridor viewpoint orientation: Map the key viewpoint orientation and view occlusion elements picked up, establish a mapping relationship and output them to temporary file storage;

[0172] like Fig. 9 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the occlusion domain analysis are:

[0173] Key viewpoint identification: extract key elements around the construction project, quickly pick up the 3D model of key elements of surrounding historical buildings, identify key points as viewpoints, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0174] Occlusion area analysis: extract key viewpoint positions and viewpoint orientation mappings respectively, adjust the 3D viewpoint camera to the key viewpoint and observation orientation, scan the 3D scene and the 3D building of the construction project, and establish the mapping relationship between the visible area of ​​the building surface and the viewpoint;

[0175] Output of occluded area: Extract the 3D model of the construction project scope, combine the key viewpoint positions, identify the bird's-eye viewpoint and orientation mapping. Extract the mapping results of each key viewpoint occlusion area analysis separately, merge the visible and invisible ranges of the building surface within the field of view, and form visible and invisible area mapping for output;

[0176] like Fig.10 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of the bird's-eye view analysis are:

[0177] Bird's-eye view analysis: Extract the 3D model of the construction project, the 3D model of the surrounding key buildings and the scope model of the construction project according to the building code of the construction project, identify the 3D scene viewpoint positions of the construction project from the four directions of the construction project and the viewpoints of relevant people and key buildings, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project;

[0178] like Fig.11 A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control is shown, wherein the specific steps of outputting the visual corridor analysis diagram are:

[0179] Camera orientation recognition: extract the viewpoint position mapping for corridor analysis and occlusion area analysis respectively, and adjust the 3D viewpoint to the position;

[0180] Analysis result plotting: extract the corridor analysis and occlusion area analysis result mapping, as well as the camera viewpoint position, respectively; the building surface area that can be observed within the field of view of the viewpoint position is rendered semi-transparently in green; the building surface area that cannot be observed within the field of view of the viewpoint is rendered semi-transparently in red; the key viewpoint positions are drawn with yellow dots, the field of view is rendered in green, and the key element names, road names and names are plotted in white fonts with black borders.

[0181] Output of visual corridor analysis diagram: The high-definition resolution corridor analysis result diagram, occlusion area analysis result diagram and bird's-eye view analysis result diagram of each viewpoint position are captured by a three-dimensional viewpoint camera and output to a picture file.

[0182] In the specific implementation case: the three-dimensional model of the surrounding buildings and structures includes: three-dimensional model, ground buildings and structures around the construction project, basic supporting facilities, urban landscape, urban roads, traffic signs, street lights, green plants, urban components, and other water systems; the three-dimensional model of the construction project includes: construction project buildings and structures, construction project landscape, security, supporting facilities, garages, and parking spaces; the content of the building space analysis diagram mainly includes the height limit analysis diagram and the average height analysis diagram, among which the main content of the height limit analysis diagram is based on the three-dimensional digital city model as the background, superimposed with the three-dimensional model of the analysis result height control box, and takes a close-up bird's-eye view of the construction project. The description part includes the construction project eagle-eye map, legend, and analysis conclusion table and description and diagram name. The main content of the average height analysis diagram is based on the three-dimensional digital city model, superimposed with the three-dimensional model of the average height control box of the analysis results, and taking the close-up bird's-eye view of the construction project. The description part includes the eagle-eye view of the construction project, the legend, and the analysis conclusion table and description and the name of the diagram; the main content of the corridor analysis diagram includes the corridor analysis diagram and the occlusion domain analysis diagram, among which the corridor analysis diagram is mainly based on the three-dimensional digital city three-dimensional model, and takes the viewpoints of each key element of the close-up of the construction project for framing, and marks the viewpoint position and the construction project position; the main content of the occlusion domain analysis diagram is mainly based on the three-dimensional digital city scene model, superimposed with the three-dimensional scene model of the construction project and the occlusion domain analysis result model, and merged rendering and output diagrams from the key viewpoints on both sides, taking the close-up low-altitude bird's-eye viewpoint position of the construction project, and the description part includes the eagle-eye view of the construction project, the legend, the analysis conclusion description and the name of the diagram; the main content of the bird's-eye view analysis diagram includes the three-dimensional digital city scene model and the three-dimensional model of the construction project, taking the nearby low-altitude bird's-eye viewpoint, the key building viewpoint and the human viewpoint respectively.

[0183] Advantages: The spatial analysis method of three-dimensional space management and control of the present invention is the first to use the spatial analysis method of three-dimensional geographic information technology to review construction projects in the field of ecological environment protection. The method has a high degree of intelligence, high accuracy of data and calculation values, and a high accuracy rate of results. It can intuitively and scientifically analyze the suitability and legality of construction project plans; the method reduces labor costs, shortens the review period of construction projects, and improves the efficiency of construction project reviews, and has significant social benefits and high promotion value.

[0184] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of example, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are many modifications and variations of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the appended claims include these modifications and variations without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Data coding: Code and classify the project space data, surrounding space data, river space data, and river protection regulations required for the construction project, and organize them into various types of original data; 3D scene construction: extract the original data after coding, and name and code each 3D model object of the 3D space control and analysis model of the river construction project in accordance with the requirements of river protection regulations, and finally form a 3D space analysis scene of the river construction project; River regulations database construction: extract the original data after coding, extract the relevant laws and regulations and indicator data of river protection planning, and build a river law and regulation resource database; Building height box analysis: extract the encoded raw data, identify the buildings to be analyzed in the three-dimensional scene, identify the river bank, extract the river protection regulations and indicators, simulate and construct the building height limit box, obtain the buildings that exceed the height required by the regulations through superposition analysis, extract the building height information and building area information, generate the analysis result table, plot the building height value and highlight the super-high height value; extract the construction project and surrounding buildings, calculate the average height according to the area range, generate the average height box of the area range, and plot the height, and finally output the corridor analysis diagram, the view occlusion analysis diagram and the bird's-eye view analysis diagram; Visual corridor analysis: extract the encoded raw data, identify the scope of the construction project in the three-dimensional scene, identify the location of the surrounding key buildings, and conduct corridor analysis between the construction project relative to the viewpoint and the key buildings according to the input viewpoint position, conduct visual occlusion analysis on the construction project with respect to the viewpoint position, and plot the relevant information, and finally output the corridor analysis diagram, visual occlusion analysis diagram and bird's-eye view analysis diagram; Result output: The result graphs, tables, and texts obtained from the analysis in the above steps shall be compiled into documents in accordance with regulatory requirements to form a results report.

2. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The building height box analysis steps are specifically: building identification, river bank identification, height limit analysis, and building space analysis diagram output; wherein: Building recognition: Extract the original data of the 3D scene, select the building data according to the characteristic value information of the building data and surrounding key buildings in the construction project, and perform building recognition coding; Riverbank identification: Based on the direction and width of the river, the riverbanks on the same and other sides of the construction project are identified and coded; Height restriction analysis: Extract the height restriction index requirement data and height restriction mathematical model in the original river protection planning regulations, and establish a three-dimensional height restriction control box according to the requirements; by superimposing it with the construction project, obtain the buildings that exceed the height restriction box, and mark them in red to indicate that they do not meet the regulatory requirements; Average height analysis: Extract the building code data and riverbank code data of the construction project in the three-dimensional scene, extract the river regulations data, calculate the average height of the buildings in the unit according to the plot range, and establish a three-dimensional box of the average height of the plot buildings. By comparing with the river protection planning and regulatory indicators, analyze whether the average height box exceeds the requirements of the river protection planning and regulatory requirements, and mark it in red to indicate that it does not meet the regulatory requirements; Output of architectural space analysis diagram: extract the building height limit box and the building average height analysis box, identify the scene camera position, and output the height limit analysis diagram results and the average height analysis diagram results respectively.

3. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual corridor analysis steps are specifically: project identification, key building identification, corridor analysis, occlusion domain analysis, bird's-eye view analysis, and visual corridor analysis diagram output; wherein: Project identification: extract project data from the 3D scene and encode it according to project scope and project building; Key building identification: Extract the building data around the 3D scene construction project, select the key building data according to the characteristic value information of the key building data, and perform key building coding; Corridor analysis: According to the identified construction projects and key building coding data, the viewpoint position is input, the view between the viewpoint position and the key building is analyzed and calculated, and the view corridor is judged whether it is blocked by the construction project, and a mapping relationship table is formed; Occlusion analysis: Based on the identified scope and buildings of the construction project, as well as the coding data of key buildings around the construction project, the visible domain and occlusion domain of the construction project are analyzed with the location of the key buildings as the viewpoint. The area blocked by the construction project is rendered in red, and the unblocked area is rendered in green. The occlusion analysis mapping results of each viewpoint are established respectively; Bird's-eye view analysis: Extract the 3D model of the construction project, the 3D model of the surrounding key buildings and the scope model of the construction project according to the building code of the construction project, identify the 3D scene viewpoint positions of the construction project from the four directions of the construction project and the viewpoints of relevant people and key buildings, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project; Output of visual corridor analysis diagram: extract the corridor analysis mapping results separately, adjust the current viewpoint position to the analysis viewpoint position in the three-dimensional scene, automatically mark the key building names and construction project names, and output the corridor analysis diagram for each viewpoint position separately; extract the occlusion analysis mapping results of each viewpoint, overlay rendering, mark the key building names and construction project name information, combine the construction project scope and viewpoint position, adjust the viewpoint position to a bird's-eye view, and automatically output the corridor analysis diagram, visual occlusion analysis diagram and bird's-eye analysis diagram results.

4. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of the height limit analysis are: Height limit box calculation: according to the building code and river bank code of the construction project, extract the three-dimensional building model and river bank model of the construction project, establish the vertical distance ray set between each building point and the point of the polygon vertex of the construction project scope line and the opposite river bank, and according to the input of the river protection regulations and indicators, obtain the elevation angle threshold height distance ratio threshold, that is, the elevation angle of the opposite bank α = 18°, the height distance ratio threshold δ = 1 / 3, δ = 1 / 4, and rotate the vertical distance ray with the opposite river bank with the foot point as the rotation point, along the Z coordinate axis direction, rotate the α angle and the height distance ratio threshold, solve the final threshold ray, and finally sort these threshold rays in space, construct the threshold surface, and construct the vertical surface vertically downward to form a height limit box; The points of the vertices of the three-dimensional model of the construction project and the construction project scope polygon are recorded as p i (x, y, z), calculate the shortest vertical distance with the opposite bank to get the foot of the perpendicular point p' i (x,y,z), then the vertical distance ray is recorded as p' i p i , where each building number i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N, N is the sum of the total number of buildings in the construction project and the total number of vertices on the construction project scope line; the Z coordinate axis vector is recorded as Z (0, 0, 1), assuming that point p i The intersection point along the Z axis with the elevation threshold surface is q i , the distance between the point and the foot point of the perpendicular line on the opposite bank of the river is L, and the building height threshold is H, then q i The coordinate calculation is shown as follows: q i (x,y,z)=p i +Z(0,0,1)×H H=min(|p′ i p i |×tan(α),L×δ) L=|p′ i p i | The min method is used to compare and obtain the minimum value, and the tan method is used to calculate the tangent trigonometric function value of the angle; according to p' i q i Establish a set of line segments, sort them in spatial position according to the river direction of the opposite bank, and finally form a height-limited analysis box; Building height marking: According to the intersection of the 3D model of the construction project building and the height limit box, it is judged whether the construction project exceeds the height limit, and the number of floors exceeding the height is obtained. The height of each building is marked directly above the building through 3D labels. Buildings that meet the height limit conditions are in black fonts, and buildings that exceed the height limit box are in red fonts. The height limit box is divided by the vertical plane of the construction project control zone line. The height limit box near the river is blue and transparently rendered, and the height limit box near the construction project is green and transparently rendered. The name of the community and the name of the construction project are marked above the surrounding building communities and construction projects, and the font color is black. At the same time, the analysis result table of the height limit box of the construction project is generated.

5. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of the average height analysis are: Average height box calculation: extract the 3D model of surrounding buildings, divide them into areas according to the scope of the community plot, calculate the building height of each area respectively, calculate the average height value of the area, and then raise the polygon of the area to the average height, and use pink transparent rendering to form an average height box; Obtain the height H of each building in the area by traversing i , then the formula for calculating the average building height is as follows: Among them, n is the total number of buildings in the area, and h is the average height of buildings in the area; Average height marking: According to regulatory requirements, the name is marked above each control line, and the font color is consistent with the line. The building category, house name and average building height value are marked above each constructed average height box.

6. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of outputting the architectural space analysis diagram are as follows: Camera orientation recognition: Extract the scope of the construction project, take the construction project as the center, and look down at the entire construction project and surrounding buildings from south to north at a 45-degree angle to identify the position and orientation of the 3D scene viewpoint camera; Output of building height box analysis diagram: According to the identified viewpoint camera orientation, adjust the viewpoint camera, extract the height limit analysis box and average height analysis box as well as 3D annotations, and output the height limit analysis diagram and average height analysis diagram with high-definition resolution.

7. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of key building identification are: Input of surrounding key element features: extract key building elements around the river construction project, input corresponding element features, and establish mapping relationships; Feature coding of surrounding key elements: Feature coding of key elements surrounding the established construction project is used to quickly retrieve and pick up surrounding key elements.

8. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of the corridor analysis are: Project scope identification: extract the construction project scope code, quickly pick up the 3D model of the construction project, and identify the scope boundary of the construction project; Key viewpoint identification: extract key elements around the construction project, quickly pick up the 3D model of key elements of surrounding historical buildings, identify key points as viewpoints, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project; Corridor analysis: extract the viewpoint mapping of surrounding key elements, adjust the viewpoint camera position, observe the construction project situation, and automatically identify the scene elements that block the view; Corridor viewpoint orientation output: Map the picked key viewpoint orientation and view occlusion elements, establish a mapping relationship and output them to temporary file storage.

9. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of the occlusion domain analysis are: Key viewpoint identification: extract key elements around the construction project, quickly pick up the 3D model of key elements of surrounding historical buildings, identify key points as viewpoints, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project; Occlusion area analysis: extract key viewpoint positions and viewpoint orientation mappings respectively, adjust the 3D viewpoint camera to the key viewpoint and observation orientation, scan the 3D scene and the 3D building of the construction project, and establish the mapping relationship between the visible area of ​​the building surface and the viewpoint; Occlusion area output: Extract the three-dimensional model of the construction project scope, combine the key viewpoint locations, identify the bird's-eye view and orientation mapping, extract the mapping results of the occlusion area analysis of each key viewpoint respectively, merge the visible and invisible ranges of the building surface within the field of view, and form visible and invisible area mapping for output.

10. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of the bird's-eye view analysis are: Bird's-eye view analysis: Extract the 3D model of the construction project building, the 3D model of the surrounding key buildings and the scope model of the construction project according to the building code of the construction project, identify the 3D scene viewpoint positions of the four directions of the construction project and the viewpoints of related people and key buildings from a bird's-eye view of the construction project, and establish viewpoint orientation mapping with the construction project.

11. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of outputting the visual corridor analysis diagram are as follows: Camera orientation recognition: extract the viewpoint position mapping for corridor analysis and occlusion area analysis respectively, and adjust the 3D viewpoint to the position; Analysis result plotting: Extract the corridor analysis and occlusion area analysis result mapping, as well as the camera viewpoint position, respectively. The building surface area that can be observed within the view angle range of the viewpoint position is rendered semi-transparently in green, and the building surface area that cannot be observed within the view angle range is rendered semi-transparently in red. The key viewpoint position is drawn with yellow dots, and the view range is rendered in green. The names of key elements, roads, and rivers are marked in white fonts with black borders. Output of visual corridor analysis diagram: The high-definition resolution corridor analysis result diagram, occlusion area analysis result diagram and bird's-eye view analysis result diagram of each viewpoint position are captured by a three-dimensional viewpoint camera and output to a picture file.

12. A spatial analysis method for three-dimensional space control according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The 3D models of surrounding buildings and structures include: 3D model of river channel, ground buildings and structures around the construction project, basic supporting facilities, urban landscape, urban roads, traffic signs, street lights, green plants, urban components, and other water systems; the 3D model of the construction project includes: buildings and structures of the construction project, construction project landscape, security, supporting facilities, garages, and parking spaces; the content of the building space analysis diagram mainly includes the height limit analysis diagram and the average height analysis diagram, among which the main content of the height limit analysis diagram is based on the 3D digital city model, superimposed with the 3D model of the height control box of the analysis result, and takes the close-up bird's-eye view of the construction project. The explanation part includes the eagle-eye view of the construction project, legend, and analysis conclusion table and explanation and diagram name; the main content of the average height analysis diagram is based on the 3D digital city model, superimposed with the 3D model of the average height control box of the analysis result, and takes the close-up bird's-eye view of the construction project. The main contents of the visual corridor analysis diagram include the corridor analysis diagram and the occlusion domain analysis diagram, among which the corridor analysis diagram mainly takes the three-dimensional model of the three-dimensional digital city as the background, and takes the key element viewpoints of the close-up of the construction project for framing, and marks the viewpoint positions and the construction project positions; the main contents of the occlusion domain analysis diagram mainly takes the three-dimensional digital city scene model as the background, superimposes the three-dimensional scene model of the construction project and the occlusion domain analysis result model, and merges the key viewpoints on both sides for rendering and output, and takes the low-altitude bird's-eye viewpoint position of the close-up of the construction project. The explanation part includes the eagle-eye diagram of the construction project, the legend, the analysis conclusion description and the diagram name; the main contents of the bird's-eye view analysis diagram include the three-dimensional digital city scene model and the three-dimensional model of the construction project, and takes the nearby low-altitude bird's-eye viewpoint, the key building viewpoint and the human viewpoint respectively.

Images