Airborne Beidou antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to an airborne Beidou antenna. The airborne Beidou antenna comprises a circuit board; the first antenna comprises a first dielectric layer and a first radiation patch, the first dielectric layer is located on one side of the second antenna, the first radiation patch is located on the surface of the side, away from the second antenna, of the first dielectric layer, and the first radiation patch is used for receiving a first feed signal through a first antenna feed pin; transmission of a satellite positioning signal is carried out under excitation of the first feed signal; the second antenna comprises a second dielectric layer and a second radiation patch, the second dielectric layer is located on one side of the circuit board, the second radiation patch is located on the surface of the side, away from the circuit board, of the second dielectric layer, and the second radiation patch is used for receiving a second feed signal through a second antenna feed pin; and the transmission of the short message system preset frequency point signal is carried out under the excitation of the second feed signal. The airborne Beidou antenna can transmit satellite positioning signals and short message system preset frequency point signals at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an airborne Beidou antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of communication technology, China's Beidou system has been successfully networked. At the same time, since the Beidou satellite navigation system has been deployed on aircraft for many years, the demand for the use of short message systems on aircraft has also become increasingly widespread. Therefore, the market has also put forward higher and higher requirements for the functions of Beidou antennas.

[0003] At present, in order to realize the Beidou satellite navigation function and the short message communication function, two sets of antennas are usually provided for use with each other, one set of antennas is used to realize the Beidou satellite navigation function, and the other set is used to realize the short message communication function. However, this method cannot meet the high integration requirements for Beidou antennas today. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an airborne Beidou antenna and aircraft that can simultaneously transmit satellite positioning signals and short message format preset frequency signals.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an airborne Beidou antenna. The airborne Beidou antenna comprises:

[0006] Circuit boards;

[0007] The first antenna comprises a first dielectric layer and a first radiation patch, wherein the first dielectric layer is located on one side of the second antenna, the first radiation patch is located on a surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second antenna, and the first radiation patch is used to receive a first feed signal through a first antenna feed needle, so as to transmit a satellite positioning signal under the stimulation of the first feed signal;

[0008] The second antenna comprises a second dielectric layer and a second radiation patch, wherein the second dielectric layer is located on one side of the circuit board, the second radiation patch is located on a surface of the second dielectric layer away from the circuit board, and the second radiation patch is used to receive a second feed signal through a second antenna feed needle, so as to transmit a short message standard preset frequency signal under the stimulation of the second feed signal;

[0009] The first antenna feed needle passes through the first dielectric layer and the second antenna and is then welded on the circuit board, and the second antenna feed needle passes through the second dielectric layer and is then welded on the circuit board.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application provides an aircraft, wherein the aircraft comprises any airborne BeiDou antenna according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0011] The above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna and aircraft, the airborne Beidou antenna includes: a circuit board; a first antenna, including a first dielectric layer and a first radiating patch, the first dielectric layer is located on one side of the second antenna, the first radiating patch is located on the surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second antenna, and the first radiating patch is used to receive a first feed signal through a first antenna feed pin, so as to transmit a satellite positioning signal under the excitation of the first feed signal; the second antenna includes a second dielectric layer and a second radiating patch, the second dielectric layer is located on one side of the circuit board, the second radiating patch is located on the surface of the second dielectric layer away from the circuit board, and the second radiating patch is used to receive a second feed signal through a second antenna feed pin, so as to transmit a short message standard preset frequency signal under the excitation of the second feed signal; wherein the first antenna feed pin passes through the first dielectric layer and the second antenna and is welded on the circuit board, and the second antenna feed pin passes through the second dielectric layer and is welded on the circuit board. The airborne Beidou antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application realizes integration and high integration in structural design, and can simultaneously transmit satellite positioning signals and short message standard preset frequency signals in terms of function, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of the carrying space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an airborne Beidou antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another airborne Beidou antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second antenna for receiving an S-frequency signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second antenna for transmitting an L-frequency signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 7A schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0023] It can be understood that the “connection” in the following embodiments should be understood as “electrical connection”, “communication connection”, etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0024] It can be understood that “at least one” means one or more, “plurality” means two or more, and “at least a portion of an element” means a part or all of an element.

[0025] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" and the like specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. At the same time, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0026] This application is made by the inventor based on the recognition and research of the following issues:

[0027] At present, the airborne Beidou antennas on the market that realize Beidou satellite navigation and short message communication functions are usually composed of two sets of antennas, that is, one set of antennas is used to realize Beidou satellite navigation, and the other set of antennas is used to realize short message communication. The two sets of antennas are used together to meet the Beidou satellite navigation and short message communication functions of the aircraft. However, the two sets of antennas are prone to mutual signal influence, resulting in weakened signal strength, and two sets of antennas mean that two carrying spaces are needed for antenna assembly, and two power supply systems and two communication systems are also required. If two sets of antennas are still used to realize Beidou satellite navigation and short message communication functions respectively, it is difficult to improve the utilization rate of the carrying space. Obviously, this does not meet the current trend of integration and integration required for electronic communication equipment.

[0028] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides an airborne Beidou antenna. Figure 1 As shown, an airborne Beidou antenna of an embodiment includes:

[0029] Circuit board 10.

[0030] The first antenna 20 includes a first dielectric layer 202 and a first radiation patch 204. The first dielectric layer 202 is located on one side of the second antenna 30. The first radiation patch 204 is located on a surface of the first dielectric layer 202 away from the second antenna 30. The first radiation patch 204 is used to receive a first feed signal through a first antenna feed needle 206 to transmit a satellite positioning signal under the excitation of the first feed signal.

[0031] The second antenna 30 includes a second dielectric layer and a second radiation patch. The second dielectric layer is located on one side of the circuit board 10. The second radiation patch is located on the surface of the second dielectric layer on the side away from the circuit board 10. The second radiation patch is used to receive a second feed signal through the second antenna feed needle to transmit a preset frequency signal of the short message format under the excitation of the second feed signal.

[0032] The first antenna feed needle 206 passes through the first dielectric layer 202 and the second antenna 30 and is then soldered on the circuit board 10 , and the second antenna feed needle passes through the second dielectric layer and is then soldered on the circuit board 10 .

[0033] The circuit board 10 is the physical and electrical basis of the airborne Beidou antenna, and provides the necessary mechanical support and electrical connection functions for the airborne Beidou antenna. Optionally, the circuit board 10 can be manufactured using printed circuit technology, and copper foil traces, pads, through holes, and surface mount components can be arranged on the circuit board 10 to achieve electrical connection between the airborne Beidou antenna and an external circuit that provides the first feed signal and the second feed signal.

[0034] The first dielectric layer 202 and the second dielectric layer provide necessary mechanical support function and mechanical strength for the airborne Beidou antenna. The first dielectric layer 202 and the second dielectric layer are both composed of high-frequency board materials.

[0035] The first radiation patch 204 is used to form a conductive path on the surface of the first dielectric layer 202 for transmitting a first feed signal; similarly, the second radiation patch is used to form a conductive path on the surface of the second dielectric layer for transmitting a second feed signal.

[0036] Optionally, the first radiation patch 204 and the second radiation patch are respectively a metal layer on the surface of the first dielectric layer 202 and a metal layer on the surface of the second dielectric layer. Further optionally, when the first radiation patch 204 is a metal layer on the surface of the first dielectric layer 202, the first radiation patch 204 may be coated on the surface of the first dielectric layer 202, or the first radiation patch 204 may be aligned and nested on the surface of the first dielectric layer 202; similarly, when the second radiation patch is a metal layer on the surface of the second dielectric layer, the second radiation patch may be coated on the surface of the second dielectric layer, or the second radiation patch may be aligned and nested on the surface of the second dielectric layer.

[0037] Optionally, the first antenna feed needle 206 is sleeved in the dielectric tube, passes through the first dielectric layer 202 and the second antenna 30, and then is welded on the circuit board 10; the second antenna feed needle is sleeved in the dielectric tube, passes through the second dielectric layer, and is welded on the circuit board 10.

[0038] Optionally, the first antenna 20 may be an RNSS frequency passive positioning antenna for receiving Radio Navigation Satellite System (RNSS) frequency signals.

[0039] Optionally, the satellite positioning signal transmitted under the excitation of the first feeding signal has a coverage frequency range of 1559MHz-1583MHz, which can simultaneously meet the two frequency bands of B1I frequency band: 1561.098±2.046MHz and B1C frequency band: 1575.42MHz±7.5MHz to achieve high-frequency signal processing for high-precision positioning; when the coverage frequency range of the satellite positioning signal transmitted under the excitation of the first feeding signal is 1559MHz-1583MHz, it can meet the RTCA / DO-301 standard that stipulates the minimum performance requirements for active airborne antennas of the L1 band Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) used only for aircraft tracking. The airborne BeiDou antenna of this embodiment is not only designed to receive signals of the BeiDou satellite navigation system, but also has performance that meets the strict requirements of the civil aviation field for navigation equipment in the L1 frequency band, thereby ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the airborne BeiDou antenna in aircraft tracking and navigation. Furthermore, the airborne BeiDou antenna of this embodiment can be safely integrated into civil aircraft to provide accurate positioning information.

[0040] Optionally, the second antenna 30 may include an S-frequency passive receiving antenna and an L-frequency transmitting antenna; the S-frequency passive receiving antenna is used to receive S-frequency signals, and the frequency band of the S-frequency is the frequency band used for the return link in the BDS, that is, the S-frequency passive receiving antenna is used to send short message standard signals covering the S-frequency band; the L-frequency transmitting antenna is used to transmit L-frequency signals, and the L-frequency signal is the frequency band used for the forward link in the BDS, that is, the L-frequency transmitting antenna is used to send short message standard signals covering the L-frequency band.

[0041] Optionally, the coverage frequency range of the preset frequency point signal of the short message format transmitted under the excitation of the second feed signal is 1610MHz-1627MHz and 2483MHz-2500MHz, which can simultaneously meet the two frequency bands of L frequency band: 1610MHz-1627MHz and S frequency band: 2491.75MHz±8.16MHz to achieve high-precision short message communication function; when the coverage frequency range of the preset frequency point signal of the short message format transmitted under the excitation of the second feed signal is 1610MHz-1627MHz and 2483MHz-2500MHz, it can meet the CTSO-2C604a standard specifically for the minimum performance requirements of BDS airborne equipment for aircraft tracking, thereby, at this time, the airborne Beidou antenna of this embodiment can ensure that its performance in aircraft tracking meets the minimum requirements in the civil aviation field, and can be safely used in commercial air transportation.

[0042] The above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna includes: a circuit board; a first antenna, including a first dielectric layer and a first radiating patch, the first dielectric layer is located on one side of the second antenna, the first radiating patch is located on the surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second antenna, and the first radiating patch is used to receive a first feed signal through a first antenna feed pin, so as to transmit a satellite positioning signal under the excitation of the first feed signal; the second antenna includes a second dielectric layer and a second radiating patch, the second dielectric layer is located on one side of the circuit board, the second radiating patch is located on the surface of the second dielectric layer away from the circuit board, and the second radiating patch is used to receive a second feed signal through a second antenna feed pin, so as to transmit a short message standard preset frequency signal under the excitation of the second feed signal; wherein the first antenna feed pin passes through the first dielectric layer and the second antenna and is welded on the circuit board, and the second antenna feed pin passes through the second dielectric layer and is welded on the circuit board. The airborne Beidou antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application realizes integration and high integration in structural design, and can simultaneously transmit satellite positioning signals and short message standard preset frequency signals in terms of function, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of the carrying space.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple second antennas, and the multiple second antennas are stacked.

[0044] Among them, the preset frequency signal includes an S frequency signal and an L frequency signal; at least one second antenna 302 is used to receive the S frequency signal; at least another second antenna 304 is used to transmit the L frequency signal; the second dielectric layer 3022 of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S frequency signal is located on one side of the second radiation patch 3044 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L frequency signal.

[0045] S-frequency signal refers to a radio signal used for a specific purpose in the S-band. In the Beidou satellite navigation system, the S-frequency point usually refers to the frequency point used for short message communication services. This frequency point allows users to send and receive short message information via satellite. Specifically in the Beidou satellite navigation system, the frequency range of the S-frequency point is 2491.75MHz, and there is an adjustment range of ±8.16MHz to ensure the accurate transmission and reception of short message signals.

[0046] L-frequency signal refers to a radio signal used for a specific purpose in the L-band. In the Beidou satellite navigation system, the L-band includes multiple frequencies for different services, such as L1, L2, L5, etc. These frequencies are used to transmit navigation signals and provide positioning, navigation and time synchronization services. For example, the B1I frequency of the Beidou satellite navigation system is located in the L1 band, with a frequency of 1561.098MHz and a deviation of ±2.046MHz allowed; and the B1C frequency is also located in the L band, with a frequency of 1575.42MHz and a deviation of ±7.5MHz allowed.

[0047] Optionally, the number of the second antenna 30 may be two, and one second antenna (refer to Figure 2 302) is used to receive the S frequency signal, and the other second antenna (reference Figure 2 304) is used to transmit L frequency signal.

[0048] In this embodiment, among the plurality of second antennas arranged in a stacked manner, at least one second antenna is used to receive an S-frequency signal, and at least another second antenna is used to transmit an L-frequency signal, so as to achieve a high-precision short message communication function.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the above-mentioned first antenna feed needle 206 passes through multiple second antennas 30 and is soldered on the circuit board 10, the second antenna feed needle 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving S-frequency signals passes through the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals and is soldered on the circuit board 10, and the second antenna feed needle 3046 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals is soldered on the circuit board 10.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first antenna feed pin passes through multiple second antennas and is then welded on a circuit board. The second antenna feed pin of the second antenna for receiving the S-frequency signal passes through the second antenna for transmitting the L-frequency signal and is then welded on the circuit board. The second antenna feed pin of the second antenna for transmitting the L-frequency signal is welded on the circuit board. Thus, by physically separating the second antenna feed pin for receiving the S-frequency signal and the second antenna feed pin for transmitting the L-frequency signal, mutual interference between the S-frequency signal and the L-frequency signal can be reduced, thereby improving the signal processing quality and reliability of the airborne Beidou antenna. At the same time, the second antenna feed pin for transmitting the L-frequency signal is directly welded on the circuit board, providing the L-frequency signal with the shortest and most direct signal transmission path, thereby helping to reduce the attenuation and reflection of the L-frequency signal, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the L-frequency signal.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna also includes:

[0052] The third antenna 40 includes a third dielectric layer 402 and a third radiation patch 404. The third dielectric layer 402 is located between the second antenna 30 and the circuit board 10. The third radiation patch 404 is located on a side surface of the third dielectric layer 402 away from the circuit board 10. The third radiation patch 404 is used to receive a third feed signal through a third antenna feed needle 406 to transmit a B2b frequency signal under the excitation of the third feed signal.

[0053] In another exemplary embodiment, when the airborne Beidou antenna also includes a third antenna feed pin 406, the above-mentioned first antenna feed pin 206 passes through multiple second antennas 30 and the third antenna 40 and is then welded to the circuit board 10, the second antenna feed pin 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving S-frequency signals passes through the second antenna 304 and the third antenna 40 for transmitting L-frequency signals and is then welded to the circuit board 10, the second antenna feed pin 3046 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals passes through the third antenna 40 and is then welded to the circuit board 10, and the third antenna feed pin 406 is welded to the circuit board 10.

[0054] Optionally, the third radiation patch 404 is a metal layer on the surface of the third dielectric layer 402. Further optionally, when the third radiation patch 404 is a metal layer on the surface of the third dielectric layer 402, the third radiation patch 404 may be coated on the surface of the third dielectric layer 402, or the third radiation patch 404 may be aligned and nested on the surface of the third dielectric layer 402; similarly, when the third radiation patch 404 is a metal layer on the surface of the third dielectric layer 402, the third radiation patch 404 may be coated on the surface of the third dielectric layer 402, or the third radiation patch 404 may be aligned and nested on the surface of the third dielectric layer 402.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, the number of the first antenna feed needle 206 and the number of the second antenna feed needle are plural.

[0056] The phase difference between the phases of the first feed signals input to each first antenna feed pin 206 and the phase difference between the phases of the second feed signals of the second antenna feed pin 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal meet the first preset angle condition, so that the first antenna 20 and the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal support right-hand circular polarization.

[0057] The phase difference between the second feed signals input to the second antenna feed pins 3046 of each second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal satisfies the second preset angle condition, so that the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal supports left-hand circular polarization.

[0058] In another exemplary embodiment, when the above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna also includes a third antenna 40 and the number of third antenna feed needles 406 is multiple, the phase difference between the phases of the third feed signals input to each third antenna feed needle 406 satisfies a second preset angle condition, so that the third antenna 40 supports right-hand circular polarization.

[0059] Among them, the first preset angle condition can be that the phase difference between the phase of the first feed signal input to each first antenna feed pin 206 and the phase difference between the phase of the second feed signal of the second antenna feed pin 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S frequency signal is a first preset angle, and the first preset angle can be 90°; the second preset angle condition can be that the phase difference between the phase of the second feed signal input to the second antenna feed pin 3046 of each second antenna 304 for transmitting the L frequency signal and the phase difference between the phase of the third feed signal input to each third antenna feed pin 406 is a second preset angle, and the second preset angle can be 90°.

[0060] Optionally, the phase angle of the first feed signal input to each first antenna feed pin 206 can be determined by the number of first antenna feed pins 206; similarly, the phase angle of the second feed signal input to the second antenna feed pin 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal can be determined by the number of second antenna feed pins 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal; the phase angle of the second feed signal input to the second antenna feed pin 3046 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal can be determined by the number of second antenna feed pins 3046 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal; the phase angle of the third feed signal input to the third antenna feed pin 406 can be determined by the number of third antenna feed pins 406.

[0061] Exemplarily, when the number of first antenna feed needles 206 is two and the first preset angle is 90°, the two first antenna feed needles 206 are respectively fed with phases of 0° and 90° to achieve right-hand circular polarization of the RNSS frequency through the phase shifting network on the circuit board 10; when the number of second antenna feed needles 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving S-frequency signals is two and the first preset angle is 90°, the two second antenna feed needles 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving S-frequency signals are respectively fed with phases of 0 degrees and 90 degrees to achieve right-hand circular polarization of the S-frequency through the phase shifting network on the circuit board 10.

[0062] Exemplarily, when the number of the second antenna feed needles 3046 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal is four and the second preset angle is 90°, the four second antenna feed needles 3046 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal are respectively fed with phases of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° to achieve left-hand circular polarization of the L frequency through the phase shifting network on the circuit board 10; when the number of the third antenna feed needles 406 is four and the second preset angle is 90°, the four third antenna feed needles 406 are respectively fed with phases of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° to achieve right-hand circular polarization of the B2b frequency through the phase shifting network on the circuit board 10.

[0063] In this embodiment, the airborne Beidou antenna realizes right-hand circular polarization at RNSS and S frequencies, and realizes left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization at L frequency and B2b frequency respectively by adopting a structure with different numbers of feed points on different antennas and combining the phase shift network on the PCB board. Specifically, the first antenna and the second antenna for receiving S frequency signals adopt a dual feed point structure, and the second antenna feed pin and the third antenna feed pin of the second antenna for transmitting L frequency signals adopt a four feed point structure, so that this specific design can improve the signal quality and communication reliability. At the same time, under the specific structure of multiple feed points, the airborne Beidou antenna has a wide coverage bandwidth and flexible frequency adaptability, and thus, the airborne Beidou antenna can also meet multiple communication standards in an integrated and highly integrated manner.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the first dielectric layer 202 is provided with a first central through hole 208 ; the diameter of the first central through hole 208 meets a first preset diameter condition to achieve impedance matching of the first antenna 20 .

[0065] The second dielectric layer is provided with a second central through hole.

[0066] Among them, Figure 4As shown, the diameter of the second central through hole 3028 on the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal meets the second preset diameter condition, so that the impedance of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal is matched; Figure 5 As shown, a via-hole conductive structure 30410 is also provided on the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal. The diameter of the second center through hole 3048 on the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal meets the third preset diameter condition, and the diameter of the via-hole conductive structure 30410 meets the fourth preset diameter condition, so that the impedance of the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal is matched.

[0067] Optionally, the via conductive structure 30410 provided on the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals may be a via metal body. Further, the via metal body may be 24 through hole rings, and the 24 through hole rings are evenly distributed with the second central through hole 3048 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals as the center point.

[0068] In another exemplary embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the third dielectric layer 402 is provided with a third central through hole 408 ; the diameter of the third central through hole 408 meets a third preset diameter condition, so that the impedance of the third antenna 40 is matched.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna are respectively matched with antenna impedance, which can improve the transmission efficiency and communication quality of the airborne Beidou antenna for signals, and enhance the radiation efficiency of the airborne Beidou antenna. At the same time, the antenna impedance matching can avoid the undesirable conditions such as equipment damage caused by impedance mismatch of the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna, thereby improving the overall communication performance and adaptability of the airborne Beidou antenna to the communication environment.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the second dielectric layer 3022 of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal is provided with a feed pin through hole for passing the first antenna feed pin 206 .

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, the second dielectric layer 3042 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals is provided with a feed pin through hole for passing the first antenna feed pin 206 and the second antenna feed pin 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving S-frequency signals.

[0072] In another exemplary embodiment, the third dielectric layer 402 of the third antenna 40 is provided with a feed pin through hole for the second antenna feed pin 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal through the first antenna feed pin 206 and the second antenna feed pin 3046 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, when the number of the first antenna feed pins 206 is two, the number of the second antenna feed pins 3026 of the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal is two, the number of the second antenna feed pins 3046 of the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal is four, and the number of the third antenna feed pins 406 is four, the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal includes a second central through hole 3028 and two feed pin through holes for passing the two first antenna feed pins 206, that is, the second antenna 302 for receiving the S-frequency signal is provided with a total of three through holes; the second antenna 304 for transmitting the L-frequency signal includes a second central through hole 3048 and Two feed pin through holes for passing the two first antenna feed pins 206 and two feed pin through holes for passing the second antenna feed pins 3026 of the two second antennas 302 for receiving S-frequency signals, that is, the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals is provided with a total of five through holes; the third antenna 40 includes a third central through hole 408 and two feed pin through holes for passing the two first antenna feed pins 206, two feed pin through holes for passing the second antenna feed pins 3026 of the two second antennas 302 for receiving S-frequency signals, and four feed pin through holes for passing the second antenna feed pins 3046 of the four second antennas 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals, that is, the third antenna 40 is provided with a total of nine through holes. It is easy to understand that since the two first antenna feed pins 206, the two second antenna feed pins 3026 of the second antennas 302 for receiving S-frequency signals, the four second antenna feed pins 3046 of the second antennas 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals, and the four third antenna feed pins 406 will eventually be connected to the circuit board 10, therefore, Figure 7 As shown, there are twelve through holes on the circuit board 10 for passing antenna feed pins.

[0074] In this embodiment, by setting specific feed pin through holes in different dielectric layers, different antenna feed pins can share or pass through the same dielectric layer, thereby achieving integration and high integration in structural design, which can greatly improve the utilization rate of the mounting space; at the same time, by setting specific feed pin through holes in different dielectric layers, different antenna feed pins are provided with the shortest and most direct signal transmission path, which helps to reduce the attenuation and reflection of signals of different frequencies, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of signals of different frequencies.

[0075] In an exemplary embodiment, the first dielectric layer 202 and the second dielectric layer are both made of high-frequency board materials, and the first radiation patch 204 and the second radiation patch are both made of metal materials.

[0076] In another exemplary embodiment, the third dielectric layer 402 is made of a high-frequency board material, and the third radiation patch 404 is made of a metal material.

[0077] Among them, the high-frequency board material will not cause significant signal attenuation or distortion when working at a higher frequency. The high-frequency board material is usually required to have a low dielectric constant, a low dielectric loss factor, good mechanical properties and stable thermal properties. Optionally, the high-frequency board material constituting the first dielectric layer 202, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer 402 can be polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin glass fiber reinforced material, polyimide or other board materials.

[0078] The metal material needs to have a high electrical conductivity to ensure that the satellite positioning signal and the short message standard preset frequency signal can be effectively transmitted. The metal material constituting the first radiation patch 204, the second radiation patch and the third radiation patch 404 can be a single metal such as aluminum, copper, silver, or a multi-layer metal layer composed of multiple metal single substances.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are all composed of high-frequency board materials, and the first radiation patch, the second radiation patch and the third radiation patch are all composed of metal materials. Therefore, the signal fidelity of the airborne Beidou antenna is higher and the conductivity is higher. Furthermore, the airborne Beidou antenna can accurately transmit satellite positioning signals and short message format preset frequency signals.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna also includes:

[0081] At least one first tuning branch 210 is located in the first antenna 20 , connected to the first radiation patch 204 , and symmetrically arranged about the center point of the first antenna 20 ; the first tuning branch 210 is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiation patch 204 .

[0082] At least one second tuning branch is located in the second antenna 30, connected to the second radiation patch, and symmetrically arranged about the center point of the second antenna 30; the second tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second radiation patch.

[0083] In another exemplary embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, in the case where the above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna further includes a third antenna 40, the above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna further includes:

[0084] At least one third tuning branch 410 is located in the third antenna 40 , connected to the third radiation patch 404 , and symmetrically arranged about the center point of the third antenna 40 ; the third tuning branch 410 is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the third radiation patch 404 .

[0085] Among them, Figure 5 As shown, in the case where the second antenna 30 includes a second antenna 302 for receiving S-frequency signals and a second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals, the second antenna 302 for receiving S-frequency signals includes at least one second tuning branch 30210 connected to its second radiation patch 3024 and the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals each includes at least one second tuning branch 30412 connected to its second radiation patch 3044.

[0086] Optionally, when the first radiation patch 204, the second radiation patch and the third radiation patch 304 are circular, at least one first tuning branch 210, at least one second tuning branch and at least one third tuning branch 410 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular radiation patch.

[0087] Optionally, the number of the first tuning branch 210 , the second tuning branch and the third tuning branch 410 may be the same. For example, the number of the first tuning branch 210 , the second tuning branch and the third tuning branch 410 may all be four.

[0088] Specifically, the first tuning branch 210 is used to provide trimming space to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiation patch 204. It can be understood that the first tuning branch is an additional radiation patch other than the first radiation patch 204 of the first antenna 20. Therefore, when the airborne Beidou antenna is put into actual use, the first tuning branch 210 can be trimmed to adjust the resonant frequency according to the actual resonant frequency of the airborne Beidou antenna; the second tuning branch and the third tuning branch 410 are similarly understood to be the second tuning branch being an additional radiation patch other than the second radiation patch of the second antenna 30, and the third tuning branch 410 being an additional radiation patch other than the third radiation patch 404 of the third antenna 40. Therefore, the second tuning branch is used to provide trimming space to adjust the resonant frequency of the second radiation patch, and the third tuning branch 410 is used to provide trimming space to adjust the resonant frequency of the third radiation patch 404.

[0089] In this embodiment, at least one first tuning branch, at least one second tuning branch and at least one third tuning branch are symmetrically arranged about the center point of the first antenna, the center point of the second antenna and the center point of the third antenna, respectively, thereby ensuring the symmetry of the overall structure of the airborne Beidou antenna to improve the phase center stability; at the same time, at least one first tuning branch, at least one second tuning branch and at least one third tuning branch also provide adjustment space for the resonant frequency adjustment of the airborne Beidou antenna, thereby improving the overall communication performance of the airborne Beidou antenna and its adaptability to the communication environment.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, a first feed source and a second feed source are provided on a side of the circuit board 10 away from the second antenna 30 , wherein the first feed source is used to provide a first feed signal to the first radiation patch 204 , and the second feed source is used to provide a second feed signal to the second radiation patch.

[0091] In another exemplary embodiment, when the airborne Beidou antenna also includes a third antenna 40, a first feed source, a second feed source and a third feed source are provided on the side of the circuit board 10 away from the third antenna 40, the first feed source is used to provide a first feed signal to the first radiation patch 204, the second feed source is used to provide a second feed signal to the second radiation patch, and the third feed source is used to provide a third feed signal to the third radiation patch 404.

[0092] Among them, the first feed source corresponds to the satellite positioning signal, the second feed source corresponds to the short message standard preset frequency signal, and the third feed source corresponds to the B2b frequency signal. The first feed source can be a transmitter of the satellite positioning signal, the second feed source can be a transceiver of the short message standard preset frequency signal, and the third feed source can be a receiver of the B2b frequency signal.

[0093] Specifically, after the first feed source provides the first feed signal to the first radiation patch 204, the first radiation patch 204 receives the first feed signal through the first antenna feed needle 206, so as to transmit the satellite positioning signal under the excitation of the first feed signal; similarly, after the second feed source provides the second feed signal to the second radiation patch, the second radiation patch receives the second feed signal through the second antenna feed needle, so as to transmit the preset frequency signal of the short message standard under the excitation of the second feed signal; after the third feed source provides the third feed signal to the third radiation patch 404, the third radiation patch 404 receives the third feed signal through the third antenna feed needle 406, so as to transmit the B2b frequency signal under the excitation of the third feed signal.

[0094] In this embodiment, a first feed and a second feed are provided on a side of the circuit board away from the second antenna, the first feed is used to provide a first feed signal to the first radiation patch, and the second feed is used to provide a second feed signal to the second radiation patch, so that the airborne Beidou antenna can realize the transmission of satellite positioning signals and the transmission of short message standard preset frequency signals based on the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch respectively; when the airborne Beidou antenna also includes a third antenna, a third feed is provided on a side of the circuit board away from the third antenna in addition to the first feed and the second feed, and the third feed is used to provide a third feed signal to the third radiation patch, so that the signal strength of the satellite positioning signal and the short message standard preset frequency signal of the airborne Beidou antenna can be improved. Furthermore, the integration and high integration of the airborne Beidou antenna are realized.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the first antenna 20, the second antenna 302 for receiving S-frequency signals, the second antenna 304 for transmitting L-frequency signals, and the third antenna 40 are all circular microstrip antennas.

[0096] It can be understood that the above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna can also adopt other forms, not limited to the forms mentioned in the above embodiments, as long as it can achieve the function of simultaneously transmitting satellite positioning signals and short message standard preset frequency signals.

[0097] The above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna can be applied to devices such as drones, ships, vehicles, etc. that have the need to simultaneously transmit satellite positioning signals and short message format preset frequency signals.

[0098] The embodiment of the present application further provides an aircraft, wherein the aircraft includes the airborne Beidou antenna in any of the above-mentioned airborne Beidou antenna embodiments.

[0099] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0100] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0101] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An airborne Beidou antenna, characterized in that: The airborne Beidou antenna comprises: Circuit boards; A first antenna, comprising a first dielectric layer and a first radiation patch, wherein the first dielectric layer is located on one side of the second antenna, the first radiation patch is located on a surface of the first dielectric layer away from the second antenna, and the first radiation patch is used to receive a first feed signal through a first antenna feed needle, so as to transmit a satellite positioning signal under the stimulation of the first feed signal; A second antenna, comprising a second dielectric layer and a second radiation patch, wherein the second dielectric layer is located on one side of the circuit board, the second radiation patch is located on a surface of the second dielectric layer away from the circuit board, and the second radiation patch is used to receive a second feed signal through a second antenna feed needle, so as to transmit a short message standard preset frequency signal under the excitation of the second feed signal; The first antenna feed needle passes through the first dielectric layer and the second antenna and is then soldered on the circuit board, and the second antenna feed needle passes through the second dielectric layer and is soldered on the circuit board.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that There are multiple second antennas, and the multiple second antennas are stacked; Among them, the preset frequency signal includes an S frequency signal and an L frequency signal; at least one of the second antennas is used to receive the S frequency signal; at least another of the second antennas is used to transmit the L frequency signal; the second dielectric layer of the second antenna for receiving the S frequency signal is located on one side of the second radiation patch of the second antenna for transmitting the L frequency signal.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first antenna feed pin passes through multiple second antennas and is then soldered on the circuit board. The second antenna feed pin of the second antenna for receiving S-frequency signals passes through the second antenna for transmitting L-frequency signals and is then soldered on the circuit board. The second antenna feed pin of the second antenna for transmitting L-frequency signals is soldered on the circuit board.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the first antenna feed pin and the number of the second antenna feed pin are respectively multiple; The phase difference between the phases of the first feed signals input to each of the first antenna feed pins and the phase difference between the phases of the second feed signals of the second antenna feed pin of the second antenna for receiving the S-frequency signal meet the first preset angle condition, so that the first antenna and the second antenna for receiving the S-frequency signal support right-hand circular polarization; The phase difference between the phases of the second feed signal input to the second antenna feed pin of each second antenna for transmitting the L-frequency signal satisfies the second preset angle condition, so that the second antenna for transmitting the L-frequency signal supports left-hand circular polarization.

5. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first dielectric layer is provided with a first central through hole; the diameter of the first central through hole meets a first preset diameter condition to achieve impedance matching of the first antenna; The second dielectric layer is provided with a second central through hole; Among them, the diameter of the second center through hole on the second antenna for receiving the S-frequency signal meets the second preset diameter condition, so that the impedance of the second antenna for receiving the S-frequency signal is matched; the second antenna for transmitting the L-frequency signal is also provided with a via-hole conductive structure, and the diameter of the second center through hole on the second antenna for transmitting the L-frequency signal meets the third preset diameter condition, and the diameter of the via-hole conductive structure meets the fourth preset diameter condition, so that the impedance of the second antenna for transmitting the L-frequency signal is matched.

6. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second dielectric layer of the second antenna for receiving the S-frequency signal is provided with a feed pin through hole for passing the feed pin of the first antenna; The second dielectric layer of the second antenna for transmitting L-frequency signals is provided with a feed pin through hole for passing the first antenna feed pin and the second antenna feed pin of the second antenna for receiving S-frequency signals.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airborne Beidou antenna also includes: The third antenna includes a third dielectric layer and a third radiation patch, wherein the third dielectric layer is located between the second antenna and the circuit board, and the third radiation patch is located on a surface of the third dielectric layer away from the circuit board, and the third radiation patch is used to receive a third feed signal through a third antenna feed needle, so as to transmit a B2b frequency signal under the excitation of the third feed signal.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are both made of high-frequency board materials, and the first radiation patch and the second radiation patch are both made of metal materials.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airborne Beidou antenna also includes: At least one first tuning branch node is located in the first antenna, is connected to the first radiation patch, and is symmetrically arranged about the center point of the first antenna; the first tuning branch node is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiation patch; At least one second tuning branch is located in the second antenna, connected to the second radiation patch, and symmetrically arranged about the center point of the second antenna; the second tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second radiation patch.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first feed source and a second feed source are provided on a side of the circuit board away from the second antenna. The first feed source is used to provide the first feed signal to the first radiation patch, and the second feed source is used to provide the second feed signal to the second radiation patch.

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