Collector ring carbon brush structure of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention provides a collector ring carbon brush structure of a wind driven generator, and relates to the technical field of generator carbon brush maintenance. The collecting ring is arranged in the generator main body and is connected with the generator; the brush holder supporting mechanism is arranged in the generator main body and is fixedly connected with the interior of the generator shell; the carbon brush mounting mechanism is arranged on the brush seat supporting mechanism and fixedly connected with the brush seat supporting mechanism, and a carbon brush is mounted on the carbon brush mounting mechanism; the carbon brush is of a cuboid structure, after the carbon brush is installed on the carbon brush installation mechanism, the side face of the carbon brush makes contact with the collecting ring, and the shape of the contact face of the carbon brush is matched with the external shape of the collecting ring. And the monitoring device is arranged in the generator main body, is connected with the carbon brush mounting mechanism, and is used for detecting the wear degree of the carbon brush and the contact condition of the carbon brush and the collecting ring. When the carbon brush is worn to a certain degree, the carbon brush head can be replaced, and the service life of the carbon brush is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of generator carbon brush maintenance, and in particular relates to a collector ring carbon brush structure of a wind turbine generator. Background Art

[0002] As a sliding contact part, carbon brushes are widely used in many electrical equipment. They are devices that transfer energy or signals between the fixed part and the rotating part of motors, generators or other rotating machinery. They are generally square in shape with wires leading out from the top.

[0003] The main materials of carbon brushes for collector rings of wind turbine generators are graphite, impregnated graphite, and metal graphite containing copper and silver. Carbon brushes, also known as electric brushes, are used to provide excitation voltage for the generator rotor. The level of rotor excitation voltage determines the level of generator power generation voltage. The rotor rotates in the stator coil, cutting the magnetic lines of force, and the stator coil induces an electromotive force. The rotor rotates continuously, and it is difficult to transmit voltage to the rotor. If other materials are used, there will be serious wear. Therefore, carbon brushes with graphite as the main material are used to transmit voltage to the rotor. Carbon brushes have good conductivity and good self-lubrication. The carbon powder generated by continuous wear can effectively protect and lubricate the collector rings.

[0004] With the large-scale construction of wind power generation projects, in order to meet the development needs of large-capacity units, the conventional small-capacity carbon brushes of the generator collector ring can no longer meet the needs of large units. A wind farm in a certain place has installed 28 SE14125-HH90 generator sets with a single unit capacity of 2.5MW and 10 SE15530-HH95 generator sets, with a total installed capacity of 100,000 kW. The wind farm is designed to generate 281.63 million kWh of electricity per year, with an annual equivalent full load hour of 2,816 hours, and a capacity factor of only 0.32.

[0005] According to the actual operation failure statistics of wind turbines in wind farms, the proportion of generator system failures caused by existing structural carbon brushes is as high as 75%. The main reasons are: a large amount of carbon powder accumulates, which reduces the insulation performance between phases; when the carbon brush is worn to the limit, the microswitch fails to trigger, resulting in the carbon brush being worn out, and the metal part of the carbon brush head contacts the collector ring, which will cause damage to the collector ring; poor reliability, the existing carbon brush is small in size, and the contact surface with the collector ring is small, which can easily lead to poor contact and rapid wear. It mainly works through mechanical friction, so the transmission reliability will gradually decrease with the increase of wear; the use of traditional carbon brushes will cause frequent failures, which will directly lead to reduced utilization and power generation of wind farm units, and increased maintenance workload and maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a collector ring carbon brush structure of a wind turbine generator, which is used to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, comprising:

[0008] The main body of the generator is used to install the carbon brush bearing mechanism;

[0009] A collector ring is arranged in the generator body and connected to the generator;

[0010] A brush holder support mechanism is disposed in the generator body and fixedly connected to the generator housing;

[0011] A carbon brush mounting mechanism is arranged on the brush holder supporting mechanism, is fixedly connected to the brush holder supporting mechanism, and has a carbon brush mounted thereon;

[0012] The carbon brush is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. After being installed on the carbon brush installation mechanism, the side surface of the carbon brush contacts the collector ring, and the shape of the contact surface matches the outer shape of the collector ring.

[0013] The monitoring device is arranged in the generator body and connected to the carbon brush installation mechanism, and is used to detect the wear degree of the carbon brush and the contact condition between the carbon brush and the collector ring.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, the brush holder support rod mechanism comprises:

[0015] A U-shaped fixing plate, which is fixedly connected by two side plates and a bottom plate to form a U-shaped structure, and a fixing installation hole is provided on the side plate. The fixing installation hole is a U-shaped structure, and the distance between the U-shaped fixing plate and the collector ring can be adjusted through the fixing installation hole to ensure that the carbon brush can smoothly and closely contact the collector ring;

[0016] A fixed support rod is arranged on the U-shaped fixing plate, arranged in its U-shaped structure, and arranged perpendicularly to the two side plates, and is used to connect the two side plates to enhance their support, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite inner walls of the U-shaped structure of the U-shaped fixing plate, and the fixed support rod is a carbon steel structure;

[0017] The connecting enclosure is arranged perpendicular to the bottom plate of the U-shaped fixing plate and is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fixing plate, and an L-shaped structure is formed between the connecting enclosure and the bottom plate for connecting the carbon brush mounting mechanism.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, the carbon brush installation mechanism includes:

[0019] A fixing seat, which is a box structure without a top cover, is arranged inside the L-shaped structure formed by the connecting enclosure and the bottom plate, and is fixedly connected to the connecting enclosure and the bottom plate by fixing bolts;

[0020] A support plate is horizontally arranged in the fixing seat, with its side fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing seat, and a support column is arranged at its bottom. There are multiple support columns, which are arranged vertically with the support plate, and both ends of which are fixedly connected to the support plate and the inner wall of the bottom of the fixing seat;

[0021] Two partition plates are provided, which are evenly spaced and arranged in the fixing seat, and are arranged perpendicular to the support plate. The two partition plates are parallel to each other, and their sides are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the fixing seat and the support plate. The partition plates isolate the fixing seat to form three inner cavities;

[0022] A telescopic spring is arranged in the inner cavity, and a plurality of them are arranged perpendicular to the support plate. A carbon brush is slidably arranged in the inner cavity. One end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the other end is connected to the carbon brush.

[0023] Preferably, in the above-mentioned wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, sliding grooves are provided on the inner wall of the fixing seat and the partition plate, and a slider is provided on the carbon brush. The slider is placed in the sliding groove and is slidably connected to the sliding groove.

[0024] Preferably, in the above-mentioned wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, one end of the carbon brush abuts against the telescopic spring, and the other end abuts against the collector ring, and the side abutting against the collector ring is set as an arc surface matching the outer surface of the collector ring. The carbon brush is a rectangular structure, and its contact surface is set as an arc surface. The arc surface design of the rectangular structure increases the contact area between the carbon brush and the collector ring.

[0025] Preferably, in the above-mentioned wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, the carbon brush is made of carbon nanotube material to enhance its conductivity and wear resistance, and synthetic oil is added to the carbon brush to lubricate the carbon brush.

[0026] Preferably, in the above-mentioned wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, the synthetic oil is a thickened low-resistivity synthetic oil synthesized from lithium-based grease, antioxidant, anti-rust and anti-corrosion additives.

[0027] Preferably, in the above-mentioned wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, the monitoring device comprises:

[0028] A temperature sensor is arranged in the generator body and on one side of the collector ring, and is used to monitor the temperature around the collector ring;

[0029] A distance sensor is arranged in the fixing seat, on the partition plate and the inner wall of the fixing seat, and is provided in plurality, and is respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of carbon brushes, and is used to monitor the remaining length of the carbon brush;

[0030] The micro switch is arranged on the upper side of the fixing seat and the isolation plate, is fixedly connected to the fixing seat and the isolation plate, and is used to monitor whether the fixing seat or the isolation plate is in contact with the collector ring.

[0031] Preferably, in the above-mentioned carbon brush structure of a collector ring of a wind turbine, the monitoring device further comprises a current and voltage sensor, which is arranged on the collector ring and is used to monitor whether the current and voltage on the collector ring are normal.

[0032] Preferably, in the above-mentioned wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, it also includes a control system, which is connected to the monitoring device and is used to receive the transmission signal of the monitoring device. When the monitoring unit detects abnormal conditions in the temperature, current and voltage, the length of the carbon brush, and the distance between the fixing seat and the collector ring, a signal is sent to the control system.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Consider using new materials with better wear resistance to replace graphite, impregnated graphite and other materials in traditional carbon brushes to reduce wear and carbon powder accumulation problems. Use carbon nanotube new materials to prepare carbon brushes, so that the carbon brushes have better conductivity and wear resistance. Add new lubricating materials to the carbon brushes, add synthetic oil with lithium-based grease as the main raw material, improve the self-lubricating performance of the carbon brushes, reduce friction and wear; can protect and lubricate the collector ring, and extend the service life of the collector ring. The carbon brush is designed as a rectangular structure, so that the contact surface between the carbon brush and the collector ring is a long arc surface, which increases the contact area between the carbon brush and the collector ring, improves contact reliability, and reduces poor contact problems. The carbon brush is abutted between the telescopic spring and the collector ring through a spring, and the fixed seat and the connecting enclosure are detachably connected by bolts, which is convenient for the replacement of the carbon brush. When the carbon brush is worn to a certain extent, the carbon brush head can be replaced to extend the service life of the carbon brush. Set up an intelligent monitoring device, add sensor components, micro switches and other intelligent devices to monitor the wear of the carbon brushes. When the carbon brushes are worn to a certain extent, an alarm will be issued in time to avoid failure caused by the carbon brushes being worn to the limit; monitor the contact between the carbon brushes and the collector rings, and issue an alarm in time when the contact is poor to avoid damage to the collector rings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the collector ring carbon brush structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the carbon brush structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3It is a top view of the carbon brush structure of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1. Generator body; 2. Collector ring; 3. Brush holder support mechanism; 4. Carbon brush installation mechanism; 5. Carbon brush;

[0039] 31. U-shaped fixing plate; 311. fixing mounting hole; 32. fixing support rod; 33. connecting enclosure;

[0040] 41. fixed seat; 42. support plate; 43. partition plate; 431. sliding groove; 44. telescopic spring;

[0041] 51. Slider;

[0042] 61. Temperature sensor; 62. Distance sensor; 63. Micro switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0044] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0045] The embodiment of the present application provides a wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, comprising:

[0046] Generator body 1, used for mounting the carbon brush bearing mechanism;

[0047] A collector ring 2 is disposed in the generator body 1 and connected to the generator;

[0048] A brush holder support mechanism 3 is disposed in the generator body 1 and fixedly connected to the generator housing 1;

[0049] A carbon brush mounting mechanism 4 is disposed on the brush holder supporting mechanism 3 and is fixedly connected to the brush holder supporting mechanism 3, and a carbon brush 5 is mounted thereon;

[0050] The carbon brush 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. After being installed on the carbon brush installation mechanism 4, the side surface of the carbon brush 5 contacts the collector ring 2, and the shape of the contact surface matches the external shape of the collector ring 2.

[0051] The monitoring device is arranged in the generator body 1 and connected to the carbon brush installation mechanism 4 , and is used to detect the wear degree of the carbon brush 5 and the contact condition between the carbon brush 5 and the collector ring 2 .

[0052] Specifically, the brush holder support mechanism 3 is connected to the generator body 1 and the carbon brush installation mechanism 4. The brush holder support mechanism 4 is arranged on the lower side of the collector ring 2, and the carbon brush installation mechanism 4 is detachably connected, so that the carbon brush installation mechanism 4 can just contact the collector ring 2 after connecting the carbon brush 5. A monitoring device is provided to detect the friction state between the carbon brush 5 and the collector ring 2. When an abnormal situation occurs, the alarm of the monitoring device can prevent the collector ring 2 from malfunctioning due to improper friction, and the problem can be discovered in time.

[0053] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the brush holder support rod mechanism 3 includes:

[0054] A U-shaped fixing plate 31, which is fixedly connected by two side plates and a bottom plate to form a U-shaped structure, and a fixing installation hole 311 is provided on the side plate. The fixing installation hole 311 is a U-shaped structure, and the distance between the U-shaped fixing plate 31 and the collector ring 2 can be adjusted through the fixing installation hole 311 to ensure that the carbon brush 5 can smoothly and closely contact the collector ring 2;

[0055] The fixed support rod 32 is arranged on the U-shaped fixing plate 31, arranged in its U-shaped structure, and arranged perpendicularly to the two side plates, and is used to connect the two side plates to enhance their support. Its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite inner walls of the U-shaped structure of the U-shaped fixing plate. The fixed support rod 32 is a carbon steel structure;

[0056] The connecting plate 33 is arranged perpendicular to the bottom plate of the U-shaped fixing plate 31 and is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fixing plate 31 . An L-shaped structure is formed between the connecting plate 33 and the bottom plate for connecting the carbon brush mounting mechanism 4 .

[0057] It should be noted that a fixed support rod 32 of a carbon steel structure is installed between the two side plates of the U-shaped fixed plate 31. The fixed support rod 32 of the carbon steel structure can increase the overall rigidity of the structure. The support rod connects the two side plates to enhance the rigidity of the structure, making it more resistant to deformation and capable of transmitting horizontal loads. When the generator starts to vibrate, the support rod can withstand and transmit external forces such as vibration force to ensure the safety of the structure. The fixed mounting hole 311 on the side plate is set as a U-shaped structure, and the installation position of the U-shaped fixed plate can be adjusted through the fixed mounting hole 311 during installation to ensure that the distance between the mounting plate and the collector ring 2 can meet the installation position of the carbon brush. A connecting panel 33 is set, and the connecting panel 33 is connected to the carbon brush installation mechanism 4 to form an L-shaped structure between the connecting panel 33 and the bottom plate, which can ensure the stability of the carbon brush installation mechanism 4.

[0058] To further optimize the above technical solution, the carbon brush installation mechanism 4 includes:

[0059] A fixing seat 41, which is a box structure without a top cover, is arranged inside the L-shaped structure formed by the connecting enclosure 33 and the bottom plate, and is fixedly connected to the connecting enclosure 33 and the bottom plate by fixing bolts;

[0060] The support plate 42 is horizontally arranged in the fixing seat 41, and its side is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing seat 41. A support column is arranged at the bottom. There are multiple support columns, which are arranged vertically with the support plate, and both ends of which are fixedly connected to the support plate 42 and the inner wall of the bottom of the fixing seat 41;

[0061] Two partition plates 43 are provided, which are evenly spaced and arranged in the fixing seat 41, and are arranged perpendicular to the support plate 42. The two partition plates 43 are parallel to each other, and their sides are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the fixing seat 41 and the support plate 42. The partition plates 43 isolate the fixing seat 41 to form three inner cavities;

[0062] A plurality of telescopic springs 44 are disposed in the inner cavity and are perpendicular to the support plate 42 . A carbon brush 5 is slidably disposed in the inner cavity. One end of the telescopic spring 44 is fixedly connected to the support plate 42 , and the other end is connected to the carbon brush 5 .

[0063] To further optimize the above technical solution, a sliding groove 431 is provided on the inner wall of the fixing seat 41 and the partition plate 43 , and a slider 51 is provided on the carbon brush 5 . The slider 51 is placed in the sliding groove 431 and is slidably connected to the sliding groove 431 .

[0064] Specifically, the carbon brush 5 is arranged in a plurality of spaces formed by partition plates 43. After the carbon brush 5 is installed in the fixed seat 41, sliders 51 are arranged on its three sides, corresponding to the sliding grooves 431 arranged on the fixed seat 41 and the partition plate 43 respectively. The sliding grooves 431 are slidably connected with the slider 51. The carbon brush is arranged in the groove through the slider to ensure that its position will not change easily when the carbon brush moves, thereby ensuring the stability of the contact between the carbon brush and the collector ring. When the carbon brush 5 is installed on the brush seat support mechanism 3 with the fixed seat, it will squeeze the telescopic spring 44. The elastic force of the telescopic spring 44 enables the carbon brush 5 to be in close contact with the collector ring 2. As time goes by, under the action of friction, the length of the carbon brush gradually becomes shorter. Under the action of the spring elastic force, the contact between the carbon brush 5 and the collector ring 2 can always be guaranteed, so that the carbon brush can be fully utilized. When the carbon brush is not long enough, the carbon brush can be removed for replacement. The replacement method is very simple and more conducive to daily maintenance.

[0065] To further optimize the above technical solution, one end of the carbon brush 5 abuts against the telescopic spring 44, and the other end abuts against the collector ring 2. The side abutting against the collector ring 2 is set as an arc surface matching the outer surface of the collector ring 2. The carbon brush 5 is a rectangular structure, and its contact surface is set as an arc surface. The arc surface design of the rectangular structure increases the contact area between the carbon brush 5 and the collector ring 2.

[0066] It should be noted that the shape of the contact surface of the carbon brush 5 can be determined according to the shape of different collector rings 2. Good contact between the carbon brush 5 and the collector ring 2 is essential for the stable operation of electrical equipment. When the contact area between the carbon brush 5 and the collector ring 2 is large, the resistance can be reduced. A larger contact area means that the current can pass through a wider path, which reduces the current density per unit area, thereby reducing the contact resistance. Low resistance helps to reduce energy loss and heat generation. Reduce sparks and wear. The reduction in current density helps to reduce the possibility of arc discharge, i.e., sparks, which can cause rapid wear of carbon brushes and collector rings. Good contact can also prevent local high temperatures caused by poor contact and extend the service life of carbon brushes and collector rings. Improve current transmission efficiency. A wider contact area provides a better current conduction path, ensuring that equipment such as motors or generators can work efficiently and avoiding power loss caused by poor contact. Enhance stability. A large contact area helps to maintain the stability of current transmission, which is particularly important for motors that require precise control, such as servo motors or motors in precision machinery. Reduce noise and vibration, good contact reduces electrical noise, reduces mechanical vibration during motor operation, and improves the overall performance and reliability of the equipment. The large contact area between the carbon brush and the collector ring has a positive effect on ensuring the efficient and stable operation of electrical equipment and extending its service life.

[0067] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the carbon brush 5 is made of carbon nanotube material to enhance its conductivity and wear resistance, and synthetic oil is added to the carbon brush 5 to lubricate the carbon brush 5.

[0068] Specifically, there are several significant benefits to using carbon brushes containing carbon nanotube materials in the collector ring system: High conductivity, carbon nanotubes have extremely high electronic conductivity, which means they are able to transfer current very efficiently, thereby improving the efficiency of the overall system. Wear resistance, carbon nanotubes have excellent wear resistance characteristics due to their hard structure. This means that the carbon brushes can withstand long-term friction without wearing out quickly, extending the service life of the carbon brushes and collector rings. Lightweight, the relatively low density of carbon nanotubes makes the carbon brushes containing them lighter. This is particularly beneficial for high-speed rotation applications, because lighter carbon brushes can reduce rotational inertia and the resulting mechanical stress. Thermal management, carbon nanotubes have excellent thermal conductivity, which can effectively dissipate the heat generated by the carbon brushes during sliding contact, reduce heat accumulation, and avoid damage caused by overheating. Reduced sparking, due to the high conductivity and stability of carbon nanotube brushes, they can reduce arc discharge and spark generation, which helps reduce electrical noise while protecting the collector rings and related electrical components from arc damage. Enhanced chemical stability. Carbon nanotubes perform well in harsh environmental conditions and are not susceptible to corrosion or oxidation, which is particularly important for equipment working in harsh environments. Mechanical strength. Carbon nanotubes enhance the mechanical strength of the composite material, which means that the carbon brush can maintain its shape and function in high-intensity applications, reducing failures due to deformation or breakage. Self-lubricating properties. The surface properties of certain types of carbon nanotubes make them self-lubricating, which can further reduce friction, improve efficiency, and reduce maintenance requirements.

[0069] To further optimize the above technical solution, the synthetic oil is a thickened low-resistivity synthetic oil synthesized from lithium-based grease, antioxidant, anti-rust and anti-corrosion additives.

[0070] It should be noted that adding lithium-based grease to the carbon brush 5 can improve the performance of the carbon brush and extend its service life, reduce friction, and the lithium-based grease can form a thin lubricating film, which can significantly reduce the friction between the carbon brush and the collector ring, thereby reducing wear and energy loss. Reduce temperature. Due to the reduction in friction, the heat generated by the carbon brush during operation will also be reduced accordingly. Grease can help dissipate heat, further control the working temperature of the carbon brush, and prevent overheating. Anti-corrosion protection. Lithium-based grease has certain anti-rust and anti-corrosion properties, which can protect the metal surfaces of the carbon brush and the collector ring from moisture and corrosive substances in the environment. Extend life. By reducing friction and wear, grease can significantly extend the service life of the carbon brush and its mating parts, reduce the frequency of replacement and maintenance, and reduce operating costs. Improve current transmission. Although lithium-based grease itself is not conductive, it can indirectly promote the stable transmission of current by maintaining good contact between the carbon brush and the collector ring, and avoid current fluctuations or interruptions caused by poor contact. Isolate dust and impurities. The protective layer formed by grease can prevent dust and other tiny particles from entering between the carbon brushes and the collector rings, preventing these impurities from increasing wear or affecting the quality of electrical connections.

[0071] To further optimize the above technical solution, the monitoring device includes:

[0072] A temperature sensor 61 is disposed in the generator body 1 and on one side of the collector ring 2 to monitor the ambient temperature of the collector ring 2;

[0073] A distance sensor 62 is disposed in the fixing seat 41, on the partition plate 43 and the inner wall of the fixing seat 41, and is provided in plurality, and is respectively provided corresponding to the plurality of carbon brushes 5, and is used to monitor the remaining length of the carbon brushes;

[0074] The micro switch 63 is disposed on the upper side of the fixing seat 41 and the isolation plate 43 , and is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 41 and the isolation plate 43 , and is used to monitor whether the fixing seat 41 or the isolation plate 43 is in contact with the collector ring 2 .

[0075] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the monitoring device also includes a current and voltage sensor, which is arranged on the slip ring 2 and is used to monitor whether the current and voltage on the slip ring 2 are normal.

[0076] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, it also includes a control system, which is connected to the monitoring device and is used to receive the transmission signal of the monitoring device. When the monitoring unit detects abnormal conditions in temperature, current and voltage, length of the carbon brush 5, and distance between the fixing seat 41 and the collector ring 2, a signal is sent to the control system.

[0077] It should be noted that the temperature sensor 61, distance sensor 62, current and voltage sensor and other monitoring devices are provided on the carbon brush for the collector ring, which can provide real-time data feedback to help maintenance personnel understand the working status of the carbon brush in a timely manner, prevent potential failures, and optimize equipment performance. The following are the main functions of each of these sensors: Temperature sensor 61: Monitors the working temperature of the carbon brush to prevent overheating, because overheating may cause degradation of the carbon brush material, accelerated wear or reduced electrical performance. Provides data for analyzing the heat dissipation efficiency of the carbon brush and the thermal management effect of the collector ring system. The possible fault point can be predicted by the temperature trend, and maintenance or replacement can be carried out in advance. Distance sensor 62: Measures the remaining length of the carbon brush in the fixed seat. When the bottom of the carbon brush exceeds the distance sensor, the distance sensor will detect the distance abnormality, which can ensure timely replacement of the carbon brush to avoid current instability or sparks caused by improper distance. Monitor the degree of wear of the carbon brush, and when the length of the carbon brush drops to the set threshold, prompt replacement to maintain a stable electrical connection. The micro switch 63 can be set to trigger when the carbon brush reaches a specific minimum length or wear degree, thereby reminding the operator that the carbon brush needs to be replaced. This avoids problems such as poor contact, current interruption or arc discharge caused by excessive wear of the carbon brushes. Current and voltage sensors: Real-time monitoring of the current and voltage passing through the carbon brushes ensures that the electrical parameters are within a safe range and avoids the risk of overload or short circuit. By analyzing the changing trends of current and voltage, the health of the carbon brushes and the entire circuit can be diagnosed, such as detecting abnormal conditions such as poor contact and arc discharge. It helps to optimize the energy efficiency of the equipment and reduce energy consumption by adjusting the load or working mode. The combined use of these sensors can build an intelligent monitoring system that can not only continuously evaluate the operating status of carbon brushes and collector rings, but also warn of possible failures in advance, thereby achieving predictive maintenance. This can not only reduce unplanned downtime and maintenance costs, but also improve the overall reliability and safety of the equipment. In addition, the sensor data collected over a long period of time can also be used to improve the design of carbon brushes and collector rings, further improving the performance and durability of future products.

[0078] The embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: Consider using new materials with better wear resistance to replace graphite, impregnated graphite and other materials in traditional carbon brushes to reduce wear and carbon powder accumulation problems. Carbon brushes are prepared using new carbon nanotube materials, so that the carbon brushes have better conductivity and wear resistance. Add new lubricating materials to the carbon brushes, add synthetic oil with lithium-based grease as the main raw material, improve the self-lubricating performance of the carbon brushes, reduce friction and wear; can protect and lubricate the collector ring, and extend the service life of the collector ring. The carbon brush is designed as a rectangular structure, so that the contact surface between the carbon brush and the collector ring is a long arc surface, which increases the contact area between the carbon brush and the collector ring, improves contact reliability, and reduces poor contact problems. The carbon brush is abutted between the telescopic spring and the collector ring through a spring, and the fixed seat and the link enclosure are detachably connected by bolts, which is convenient for the replacement of the carbon brush. When the carbon brush is worn to a certain extent, the carbon brush head can be replaced to extend the service life of the carbon brush. Set up an intelligent monitoring device, add sensor components, micro switches and other intelligent devices to monitor the wear of the carbon brushes. When the carbon brushes are worn to a certain extent, an alarm will be issued in time to avoid failure caused by the carbon brushes being worn to the limit; monitor the contact between the carbon brushes and the collector rings, and issue an alarm in time when the contact is poor to avoid damage to the collector rings.

[0079] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure, characterized in that: include: The main body of the generator is used to install the carbon brush bearing mechanism; A collector ring is arranged in the generator body and connected to the generator; A brush holder support mechanism is disposed in the generator body and fixedly connected to the generator housing; A carbon brush mounting mechanism is arranged on the brush holder supporting mechanism, is fixedly connected to the brush holder supporting mechanism, and has a carbon brush mounted thereon; The carbon brush is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. After being installed on the carbon brush installation mechanism, the side surface of the carbon brush contacts the collector ring, and the shape of the contact surface matches the outer shape of the collector ring. The monitoring device is arranged in the generator body and connected to the carbon brush installation mechanism, and is used to detect the wear degree of the carbon brush and the contact condition between the carbon brush and the collector ring.

2. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brush holder support rod mechanism comprises: A U-shaped fixing plate, which is fixedly connected by two side plates and a bottom plate to form a U-shaped structure, and a fixing installation hole is provided on the side plate. The fixing installation hole is a U-shaped structure, and the distance between the U-shaped fixing plate and the collector ring can be adjusted through the fixing installation hole to ensure that the carbon brush can smoothly and closely contact the collector ring; A fixed support rod is arranged on the U-shaped fixing plate, arranged in its U-shaped structure, and arranged perpendicularly to the two side plates, and is used to connect the two side plates to enhance their support, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite inner walls of the U-shaped structure of the U-shaped fixing plate, and the fixed support rod is a carbon steel structure; The connecting enclosure is arranged perpendicular to the bottom plate of the U-shaped fixing plate and is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fixing plate, and an L-shaped structure is formed between the connecting enclosure and the bottom plate for connecting the carbon brush mounting mechanism.

3. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon brush installation mechanism comprises: A fixing seat, which is a box structure without a top cover, is arranged inside the L-shaped structure formed by the connecting enclosure and the bottom plate, and is fixedly connected to the connecting enclosure and the bottom plate by fixing bolts; A support plate is horizontally arranged in the fixing seat, with its side fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing seat, and a support column is arranged at its bottom. There are multiple support columns, which are arranged vertically with the support plate, and both ends of which are fixedly connected to the support plate and the inner wall of the bottom of the fixing seat; Two partition plates are provided, which are evenly spaced and arranged in the fixing seat, and are arranged perpendicular to the support plate. The two partition plates are parallel to each other, and their sides are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the fixing seat and the support plate. The partition plates isolate the fixing seat to form three inner cavities; A telescopic spring is arranged in the inner cavity, and a plurality of them are arranged perpendicular to the support plate. A carbon brush is slidably arranged in the inner cavity. One end of the telescopic spring is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the other end is connected to the carbon brush.

4. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the fixing seat and the partition plate are provided with sliding grooves, the carbon brush is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is placed in the sliding groove and is slidably connected with the sliding groove.

5. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the carbon brush abuts against the telescopic spring, and the other end abuts against the collector ring. The side abutting against the collector ring is set as an arc surface matching the outer surface of the collector ring. The carbon brush is a rectangular structure, and its contact surface is set as an arc surface. The arc surface design of the rectangular structure increases the contact area between the carbon brush and the collector ring.

6. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The carbon brush is made of carbon nanotube material to enhance its conductivity and wear resistance. Synthetic oil is added to the carbon brush to lubricate the carbon brush.

7. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The synthetic oil is a synthetic oil with low resistivity and thickened by lithium-based grease, anti-oxidation, anti-rust and anti-corrosion additives.

8. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The monitoring device comprises: A temperature sensor is arranged in the generator body and on one side of the collector ring, and is used to monitor the temperature around the collector ring; A distance sensor is arranged in the fixing seat, on the partition plate and the inner wall of the fixing seat, and is provided in plurality, and is respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of carbon brushes, and is used to monitor the remaining length of the carbon brush; The micro switch is arranged on the upper side of the fixing seat and the isolation plate, is fixedly connected to the fixing seat and the isolation plate, and is used to monitor whether the fixing seat or the isolation plate is in contact with the collector ring.

9. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring device also includes a current and voltage sensor, which is arranged on the slip ring and is used to monitor whether the current and voltage on the slip ring are normal.

10. A wind turbine collector ring carbon brush structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which is connected to the monitoring device and is used to receive the transmission signal of the monitoring device. When the monitoring unit detects abnormal conditions in temperature, current and voltage, length of the carbon brush, and distance between the fixing seat and the collector ring, a signal is sent to the control system.

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