Photovoltaic packaging plate capable of utilizing infrared light and light photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic packaging plate capable of utilizing infrared light and a light photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic packaging plate capable of utilizing infrared light comprises a conversion layer and a supporting layer; the conversion layer comprises 80-90 parts of a base material, 5-10 parts of an up-conversion auxiliary agent, 0.5-1 part of an antioxidant and 0.5-1 part of a lubricant, and the conversion layer adopts a high-temperature solid-phase method to synthesize up-conversion fluorescent powder particles; the supporting layer comprises 80-90 parts of a base material, 0.5-1 part of an antioxidant and 0.5-1 part of a lubricant, wherein the base material is the same as the main component in the conversion layer; the conversion layer and the supporting layer are formed through co-extrusion. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantage that the stability is higher by dispersing the up-conversion nanoparticles in the photovoltaic front plate. When the photovoltaic packaging plate capable of utilizing the infrared light is used as a photovoltaic front plate of a module, the utilization rate of a solar spectrum by a solar cell can be improved, the generation of heat is reduced, and the conversion efficiency of the light photovoltaic module is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a photovoltaic packaging board and a lightweight photovoltaic module capable of utilizing infrared light. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic packaging panels that can utilize infrared light are electronic devices that use light energy to generate electricity. They mainly use visible light and have a low response to infrared and ultraviolet light. Since the spectral response range of crystalline silicon solar cells is 300nm to 1110nm, and the infrared and far-infrared bands with wavelengths exceeding 1100nm in the solar spectrum account for about 40% of the total energy, these bands cannot be absorbed and converted into electrical energy by conventional solar cell modules, but are converted into heat energy, which increases the module temperature and reduces the module's power generation efficiency.

[0003] Under ideal conditions, the maximum output power of crystalline silicon solar cells will decrease by 0.4% for every 1K increase in temperature; if more practical factors (such as hot spot effect) are taken into account, its temperature decay characteristics can reach 0.65% / K. At the same time, rising temperatures will also accelerate the aging of the packaging layer and shorten the battery life. Traditional cooling methods mainly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of batteries by installing ventilation devices, heat-absorbing materials, heat pipe systems and other equipment. However, the above methods usually require additional equipment or circulating cooling pipes, which require additional space and maintenance and installation costs.

[0004] In response to the above problems, the Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN203674236U proposes an up-conversion solar cell module, in which an up-conversion film is arranged on at least one of the upper surface, lower surface or front of the photovoltaic glass or battery string, so as to further improve the power generation efficiency of the module. It has been proved that photovoltaic packaging panels that can utilize infrared light cannot fully utilize the infrared light in the environment in a hot environment, and the infrared light is converted into heat energy, which increases the temperature of the module and affects the power generation efficiency. The lightweight components using the up-conversion front plate can absorb infrared rays into visible light, reduce the temperature of the component and improve the power generation efficiency. Therefore, filling the components with up-conversion materials is a convenient and feasible means of cooling. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic packaging board and a lightweight photovoltaic module that can utilize infrared light. Up-conversion materials are introduced into the packaging front plate of the module to convert infrared light with a wavelength exceeding 1100nm in the solar spectrum into visible light, which can be absorbed and utilized by the solar cell module and prevent the module temperature from rising, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency of the module.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the present invention provides a photovoltaic packaging panel that can utilize infrared light, comprising a conversion layer and a support layer; the conversion layer comprises 80 to 90 parts of a base material, 5 to 10 parts of an upconversion aid, 0.5 to 1 parts of an antioxidant, and 0.5 to 1 parts of a lubricant, and the conversion layer adopts a high-temperature solid-phase method to synthesize upconversion phosphor particles; the support layer comprises 80 to 90 parts of a base material that is the same as the main component in the conversion layer, 0.5 to 1 parts of an antioxidant, and 0.5 to 1 parts of a lubricant; the conversion layer and the support layer are formed by co-extrusion.

[0007] The up-conversion phosphor particles are selected from at least one of NaYF4 co-doped with Yb3+ or Er3+ as a sensitizer and Tm3+ or Ho3+ as an activator, NaGdF4 co-doped with Tm3+ and Er3+, CaF2 co-doped with Yb3+ and Er3+, and β-NaYF4 and NaLuF4.

[0008] More preferably, the antioxidant includes at least one of a hindered phenol antioxidant or a phosphite antioxidant.

[0009] More preferably, the lubricant is at least one of ethylene bisstearamide or ethylene bisfatty acid amide.

[0010] More preferably, the conversion layer and the support layer each contain 0.1 to 0.5 parts of phenolic epoxy resin.

[0011] More preferably, the matrix materials in the conversion layer and the support layer are the same, and are at least one of PE, PO, and PET resin composite materials.

[0012] Further preferably, the conversion layer and the support layer are respectively melt-extruded by a twin-screw extruder under a vacuum degree of -0.06 MPa and a temperature of 240-260° C., and pressed into a multi-layer co-extruded sheet at room temperature.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a lightweight photovoltaic module, comprising a photovoltaic front panel, a front panel film, a battery string, a back panel film and a photovoltaic back panel stacked in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the photovoltaic front panel is any of the above-mentioned photovoltaic packaging panels that can utilize infrared light.

[0014] More preferably, the photovoltaic front panel has a thickness of 270 μm to 500 μm.

[0015] More preferably, the front panel adhesive film and the back panel adhesive film are made of one of EVA, PVB and POE with a gram weight of 300 to 550 g / m2.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention at least discloses the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The use of the above-mentioned infrared-capsulating photovoltaic package as a lightweight photovoltaic module of the photovoltaic front panel can improve the utilization rate of the solar spectrum by solar cells, reduce the generation of heat, and thus improve the conversion efficiency of lightweight photovoltaic modules. It has been proven that the up-conversion fluorescent material is coated on the front panel on the front of the module, or the nanoparticles with up-conversion performance are filled in the front panel material by means of a dispersant. Compared with the up-conversion material being arranged on the film layer or the cell layer, the up-conversion material arranged on the front panel has a higher conversion efficiency due to direct contact with sunlight and is not blocked by the photovoltaic glass (including the transmission and reflection of light). The present invention uses the up-conversion nanoparticles dispersed in the photovoltaic front panel, which has higher stability than coating on the upper / lower surface of the photovoltaic glass, and can extend the service life of the up-conversion material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the layer structure of the lightweight photovoltaic module of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure: 1. Photovoltaic front panel; 2. Front panel film; 3. Battery string; 4. Back panel film; 5. Photovoltaic back panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a photovoltaic encapsulation panel that can utilize infrared light, which is formed by co-extrusion of at least two layers of materials, including a conversion layer and a support layer. The conversion layer and the support layer are extruded into thick sheets by a die head, and are cast, biaxially stretched, heat-set and rolled.

[0025] Specifically, the base materials of the conversion layer and the support layer are at least one of PE (polyethylene), PO (polypropylene oxide), and PET resin (polyethylene terephthalate) composite materials.

[0026] Taking PET resin as an example, the support layer includes PET resin, antioxidant, lubricant, and phenolic epoxy resin, wherein the PET resin accounts for 80-90 parts, the antioxidant accounts for 0.5-1 part, the lubricant accounts for 0.5-1 part, and the phenolic epoxy resin accounts for 0.1-0.5 part.

[0027] The conversion layer is synthesized from PET resin, upconversion aid, antioxidant, lubricant, phenolic epoxy resin, etc., wherein PET resin accounts for 80-90 parts, upconversion aid 5-10 parts, antioxidant 0.5-1 part, lubricant 0.5-1 part, phenolic epoxy resin 0.1-0.5 parts. The upconversion phosphor particles synthesized by high temperature solid phase method can be co-doped with NaYF4 and Yb3+ or Er3+ as sensitizer and Tm3+ or Ho3+ as activator, NaGdF4 and Tm3+ and Er3+ co-doped, CaF2 and Yb3+ and Er3+ co-doped, as well as β-NaYF4 and NaLuF4. Upconversion materials containing the above substances are a special type of luminescent materials, usually containing rare earth elements as activation ions. These ions can achieve upconversion luminescence through multi-photon absorption and energy transfer processes. They can convert low-energy photons (such as near-infrared light) into high-energy photons (such as visible light). The working principle of these materials violates Stokes' law, so they are also called anti-Stokes luminescent materials.

[0028] Stokes' law states that materials can only emit low-energy light when excited by high-energy light, that is, after being excited by short-wavelength, high-frequency light, the material emits long-wavelength, low-frequency light. Upconversion luminescence is the opposite, meaning that materials emit high-energy light when excited by low-energy light, that is, after being excited by long-wavelength, low-frequency light, the material emits short-wavelength, high-frequency light. For solar cells, upconversion of infrared light to visible light enables the device to effectively utilize a large number of low-energy infrared photons in sunlight, which can subversively improve the efficiency of solar energy conversion.

[0029] Among them, the antioxidant includes at least one of a hindered phenol antioxidant or a phosphite antioxidant; the lubricant is selected from at least one of ethylene bis stearamide (EBS) or ethylene bis fatty acid amide (TAF), which have a polar group structure combined with some polar groups on the surface of the inorganic filler, and can improve the processing fluidity and surface finish of the composite material; 0.1 to 0.5 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, during the high-temperature extrusion process, the epoxy group on the epoxy resin molecular chain can react with the hydroxyl (—OH) or carboxyl (—COOH) at the end of the PET molecule, thereby improving the interface bonding between the upconversion additive and the PET resin and further improving the compatibility of the additive.

[0030] The materials of each layer are premixed according to the ratio to obtain the mixture of the conversion layer and the support layer. The mixing speed is 1200-1800r / min. The mixture is melt-extruded through two dies through a twin-screw extruder. The main engine speed is 300-400r / min, the vacuum degree is -0.06MPa, the temperature is 240-260℃, and after cooling at room temperature, it is pressed into a multi-layer co-extruded sheet.

[0031] According to further optimization scheme, the thickness of the photovoltaic encapsulation panel is between 270 μm and 500 μm.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] Reference Figure 1 As shown, Example 2 of the present invention provides a lightweight photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic front panel 1, a front panel film 2, a battery string 3, a back panel film 4 and a photovoltaic back panel 5 stacked in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the photovoltaic front panel 1 adopts the photovoltaic packaging panel that can utilize infrared light as described in Example 1.

[0034] Specifically, the photovoltaic front panel 1 is used as the first layer material on the front side of the module, with a thickness of 270 μm to 500 μm and a width of 500 mm to 1400 mm. The upconversion material is dispersed in the material body of the front panel substrate by co-extrusion.

[0035] The front panel film 2 can be made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PVB (polyvinyl butyral), POE (polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer) and other materials with a gram weight of 300-550g / ㎡, and laid on the photovoltaic front panel 1 through a cutting machine.

[0036] The battery string 3 is composed of a plurality of solar cells connected in series 3, and crystalline silicon cells, thin film cells, perovskite cells, heterojunction cells, etc. can be used. After the battery cells are welded into the battery string 3, they are laid on the front panel film 2, and the circuit is connected through the bus bar.

[0037] The backplane film 4 can be made of the same material and thickness as the frontplane film 2, for example, EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PVB (polyvinyl butyral), POE (polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer) and other materials with a gram weight of 300-550g / ㎡, and laid on the battery string 3 through a cutting machine.

[0038] The photovoltaic backboard 5 is the outermost material on the back of the component. It can be made of ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), fluorocarbon resin / PET (polyethylene terephthalate) composite materials, or polyester film, etc. The thickness can be 270μm to 500μm and is laid on the backboard film 4 by a cutting machine.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the photovoltaic front panel 1 is used as the first layer of material on the front side of the component, and a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) composite material is used. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are dispersed in the front panel substrate by co-extrusion to form a transparent front panel with a thickness of 400 μm; the front panel film 2 uses POE (polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer) with a gram weight of 460 g / ㎡; the battery string 3 is composed of a plurality of solar cells connected in series, and crystalline silicon cells, thin-film cells, perovskite cells, heterojunction cells, etc. can be used; the back panel film 4 is made of the same material as the front panel film 2; the photovoltaic back panel 5 is the outermost packaging material on the back side of the component, and a PVF (polyvinyl chloride) and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) composite material is used with a thickness of 320 μm.

[0040] In some other embodiments, in addition to being packaged using the photovoltaic front panel 1, the front panel film 2, the back panel film 4 and the photovoltaic back panel 5, the lightweight photovoltaic module can also be packaged as a whole using acrylic or epoxy resin, that is, the battery string 3 is packaged in a curable resin, and the light conversion effect is achieved by adding corresponding upconversion substances to the corresponding resin.

[0041] The stacked layers of materials are transported to the laminator together with the tooling glass, and the lamination temperature is set to 140°C, and vacuum is applied. The lamination time can be set to 700-1200s. After lamination, the components are edge-cut and the junction box is installed to obtain the finished lightweight photovoltaic components.

[0042] Using a photovoltaic front panel 1 containing upconversion materials as a packaging material for lightweight photovoltaic modules can reduce deformation and aging of the photovoltaic front panel 1 caused by heat, effectively reduce thermal radiation, and enable lightweight modules to utilize infrared light and achieve module cooling.

[0043] The details not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0045] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic packaging panel that can utilize infrared light, characterized in that: It comprises a conversion layer and a support layer; the conversion layer comprises 80-90 parts of a base material, 5-10 parts of an up-conversion auxiliary agent, 0.5-1 parts of an antioxidant, and 0.5-1 parts of a lubricant, and the conversion layer adopts a high-temperature solid-phase method to synthesize up-conversion phosphor particles; the support layer comprises 80-90 parts of a base material that is the same as the main component in the conversion layer, 0.5-1 parts of an antioxidant, and 0.5-1 parts of a lubricant; the conversion layer and the support layer are formed by co-extrusion.

2. The photovoltaic encapsulation panel capable of utilizing infrared light according to claim 1, characterized in that: The up-conversion phosphor particles are selected from at least one of NaYF4 co-doped with Yb3+ or Er3+ as a sensitizer and Tm3+ or Ho3+ as an activator, NaGdF4 co-doped with Tm3+ and Er3+, CaF2 co-doped with Yb3+ and Er3+, and β-NaYF4 and NaLuF4.

3. The photovoltaic encapsulation panel capable of utilizing infrared light according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antioxidant includes at least one of a hindered phenol antioxidant or a phosphite antioxidant.

4. The photovoltaic encapsulation panel capable of utilizing infrared light according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lubricant is selected from at least one of ethylene bisstearamide and ethylene bisfatty acid amide.

5. The photovoltaic encapsulation panel capable of utilizing infrared light according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion layer and the support layer both contain 0.1 to 0.5 parts of phenolic epoxy resin.

6. The photovoltaic encapsulation panel capable of utilizing infrared light according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base materials in the conversion layer and the support layer are the same, and are at least one of PE, PO, and PET resin composite materials.

7. The photovoltaic encapsulation panel capable of utilizing infrared light according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion layer and the support layer are respectively melt-extruded by a twin-screw extruder under a vacuum degree of -0.06 MPa and a temperature of 240-260° C., and are pressed into a multi-layer co-extruded plate at room temperature.

8. A lightweight photovoltaic module, comprising a photovoltaic front panel (1), a front panel adhesive film (2), a battery string (3), a back panel adhesive film (4) and a photovoltaic back panel (5) stacked in sequence from top to bottom, characterized in that: The photovoltaic front panel (1) is a photovoltaic encapsulation panel capable of utilizing infrared light as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The lightweight photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The photovoltaic front plate (1) has a thickness of 270 μm to 500 μm.

10. The lightweight photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front plate adhesive film (2) and the back plate adhesive film (4) are made of one of EVA, PVB and POE with a grammage of 300 to 550 g / m2.

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