Composite tailstock of machine tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite tailstock of a machine tool, and relates to the technical field of tailstock of machine tools, the composite tailstock comprises a tailstock body, a screw rod is rotatably connected in the tailstock body, a sleeve in threaded connection with the screw rod is slidably connected in the tailstock body, the composite tailstock further comprises a fastening mechanism, and the fastening mechanism comprises a connecting cylinder rotatably connected in the sleeve; a center is inserted into the connecting cylinder, a limiting assembly is arranged in the sleeve and comprises an extrusion ring connected to the outer portion of the connecting cylinder in a sleeving mode, a reset spring is arranged between the extrusion ring and the inner wall of the sleeve, a clamping block is rotationally connected to the connecting cylinder, a torsional spring is arranged between the clamping block and the connecting cylinder, and the periphery of the center is clamped and fastened through the clamping block and a buffer pad. The center inserted into the connecting cylinder is prevented from inclining when being vibrated, the machining precision of a workpiece is ensured, in addition, the clamping fastening degree of the center can be adjusted through the internal pressure of the oil storage box, and the internal pressure of the oil storage box can be increased along with the acceleration of the rotating speed of the center and the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool tailstocks, in particular to a machine tool composite tailstock. Background Art

[0002] The tailstock of a machine tool is an important component of a machine tool. It is usually installed on the guide rail of the machine tool bed and is located behind the machine tool spindle. The main structure includes a tailstock body, a sleeve, a center, a screw and a locking bolt, etc. The tailstock body is the basic part, providing support and installation basis for the entire tailstock. The sleeve is a component that can slide in the tailstock body and is connected to the screw by a thread. The end of the sleeve is used to install the center. When in use, the extension and retraction of the sleeve is controlled by rotating the screw, which drives the center to clamp the workpiece, thereby supporting the workpiece to meet the processing requirements of workpieces of different lengths.

[0003] When a machine tool processes a shaft-type workpiece, it first needs to use the chuck on the spindle end of the machine tool to clamp and fix one end of the workpiece, and then use the tailstock center to support the other end of the workpiece so that the shaft workpiece can be rotated for cutting. The common tailstock center is usually fixed to the tailstock sleeve and other components by threaded connection, taper fit or other mechanical methods. When the workpiece is cut and vibrates, the vibration will be transmitted to the center, causing a small relative movement between the contact surface between the center and the fixed component. Under normal circumstances, the connection between the center and the fixed component relies on friction to maintain a tight state. Therefore, when vibration occurs, the center and the fixed component are prone to loosening, resulting in the center of the workpiece The supporting and positioning function of the center is affected, and the center position of the workpiece is offset, resulting in a decrease in machining accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a composite tailstock for a machine tool in order to solve the problem that when a workpiece is cut and the vibration is transmitted to the center, the contact surface between the center and the fixed component produces a small relative movement, which makes the center and the fixed component easy to loosen.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technology: a composite tailstock of a machine tool: comprising a tailstock body, a screw rod is rotatably connected inside the tailstock body, a sleeve is slidably connected inside the tailstock body and is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and further comprising: A fastening mechanism, the fastening mechanism comprising a connecting tube rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve, a top tip is inserted into the inside of the connecting tube, a limit assembly is arranged inside the sleeve, the limit assembly comprises an extrusion ring sleeved on the outside of the connecting tube, a return spring is arranged between the extrusion ring and the inner wall of the sleeve, a clamping block is rotatably connected to the connecting tube, and a torsion spring is arranged between the clamping block and the connecting tube; An oil filling component, the oil filling component comprises an oil storage box slidably connected to the inside of the sleeve, an electromagnetic pressure relief valve is installed on the top of the oil storage box, an oil filling pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the sleeve, a piston push rod is slidably connected to the inside of the oil filling pipe, the outer end of the piston push rod abuts against the extrusion ring, and an oil filling nozzle is fixedly connected to the oil filling pipe; It also includes a pressurizing mechanism for increasing the internal pressure of the oil storage box to squeeze out the lubricating oil; When the pressurizing mechanism increases the internal pressure of the oil storage box, the lubricating liquid inside the oil storage box is squeezed out from the oil filling nozzle through the oil filling pipe under pressure, and the piston push rod slides outward under pressure, pushing the extrusion ring to lock the clamp block to tighten the top.

[0006] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a composite tailstock of a machine tool is provided: a buffer pad is fixedly connected to one side of the clamping block, an air storage cavity is provided inside the buffer pad, an inner wall of one side of the air storage cavity is arched, friction plates for sealing the air storage cavity are fixedly connected to both sides of the buffer pad, the friction plates are fitted with the connecting tube, and the outer side of the clamping block is inclined.

[0007] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a composite tailstock of a machine tool is provided: a bearing is assembled between the sleeve and the connecting cylinder, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting cylinder, two limiting rings are arranged on the outside of the connecting cylinder and are respectively located on both sides of the fixing ring, balls are rollingly connected between the limiting ring and the fixing ring, and the fixing ring and the limiting ring are both embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0008] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a composite tailstock of a machine tool: the pressurizing mechanism includes a cylindrical cam fixedly connected to the connecting cylinder, the interior of the sleeve is slidably connected to a sleeve, the inner wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected to an annular magnet and a protrusion embedded in the groove on the cylindrical cam, the interior of the cylindrical cam is slidably connected to a connecting pipe, the interior of the connecting pipe is slidably connected to a movable plate, the exterior of the movable plate is rotatably connected to an iron ring, the exterior of the connecting pipe is rotatably connected to a connecting ring 1, and check valves a for air intake and air outlet are respectively installed on the connecting ring 1 and the interior of the connecting pipe.

[0009] As a further description of the composite tailstock of a machine tool of the above technology: the check valve a used for air intake is connected to the inside of the connecting cylinder, and the check valve b is installed on the connecting cylinder.

[0010] As a further description of the above technology, a composite tailstock of a machine tool: one side of the oil storage box is rotatably connected to the oil pan, the inner wall of the oil storage box is fixedly connected to a cover body, the cover body is fixedly connected to an oil pipe extending to the bottom of the oil storage box, and the connecting pipe passes through the oil pan and the cover body and is fixed to the oil pan.

[0011] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a composite tailstock of a machine tool is provided: the interior of the oil pan is respectively provided with a first annular cavity and a second annular cavity connected to the cover body, the interior of the first annular cavity is provided with an extrusion spring, one end of the extrusion spring is fixedly connected to a baffle separating the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity, and the oil storage box is fixedly connected to a connecting ring 2 which is sleeved on the outside of the oil pan and connected to the first annular cavity, and the connecting ring 2 is connected to the oil filling pipe.

[0012] As a further description of the composite tailstock of a machine tool of the above technology: the sleeve is provided with air holes and a filter is provided in the air holes, the interior of the extrusion ring is provided with inclined blades arranged in a circular array, and a plastic tube is fixedly connected to the end face of the sleeve.

[0013] As a further description of the composite tailstock of a machine tool of the above technology: the chamber in which the oil storage box is installed inside the sleeve is connected to the threaded hole where the screw rod is located.

[0014] As a further description of the composite tailstock of a machine tool of the above technology: a waste oil chamber is provided on the sleeve at a position below the bearing and the fixing ring.

[0015] In summary, due to the use of the above-mentioned technology, the composite tailstock of a machine tool has the following beneficial effects: The top is clamped and tightened around the edges by clamping blocks and buffer pads to prevent the top inserted in the connecting tube from tilting when vibrated, so that the axis of the top coincides with the axis of the shaft workpiece being processed, avoiding the increase of the error in workpiece processing caused by vibration, and ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece. In addition, the tightness of the top clamping can be adjusted by the internal pressure of the oil storage box, so that the pressure inside the oil storage box can increase with the increase of the rotation speed of the top and the workpiece, so that the faster the workpiece rotates, the tighter the top is clamped. This design ensures the stability of the top when rotating at high speed, improves the safety performance of the tailstock, and at the same time avoids the slight deviation of the top when the workpiece is rotating at high speed, which leads to the increase of the vibration of the workpiece, and further ensures the processing accuracy of the workpiece. The faster the workpiece rotates, the greater the internal pressure of the oil storage box, and the greater the thrust of the extrusion ring from the piston push rod. The thrust acts on the connecting tube through the extrusion ring and the clamping block, which can reduce the pressure on the balls on the side of the fixed ring close to the oil storage box, thereby extending the service life of the balls and preventing the connection tube from being used for a long time, which causes the friction resistance of rotation to increase. At the same time, when the contact position between the workpiece and the top is worn due to vibration, causing a group of balls close to the oil storage box to lose pressure, the thrust can also compensate for the gap between the top and the workpiece so that the top continues to support the workpiece. At this time, the other group of balls is under pressure, which also plays a role in reducing friction. Not only that, the increased thrust of the extrusion ring from the piston push rod will also increase the friction between the clamping block and the extrusion ring, so that the top, the connecting tube and the clamping block simultaneously drive the extrusion ring to rotate through friction during the rotation process, exchange the air inside the sleeve with the outside air, reduce the temperature of the balls when they roll at high speed, and reduce fatigue wear, thereby further extending the service life of the balls. When the extrusion ring rotates, the airflow blown out acts on the connection position between the top and the workpiece through the plastic tube, cooling the contact position between the workpiece and the top, avoiding the workpiece cutting position being too close to the top, causing obvious heat and deformation at the contact position between the workpiece and the top, causing the workpiece to loosen, and ensuring the stability of the top against the workpiece; When the cushion pad is clamped with the top, it is deformed under the action of pressure. At this time, the periphery of the cushion pad will contact with the connecting tube. After the top transfers the vibration to the cushion pad, the cushion pad can offset part of the vibration by friction with the connecting tube, thereby achieving a shock-absorbing effect and improving the use effect of the top. At the same time, the cushion pad is squeezed to increase the air pressure inside the air storage chamber. The air pressure makes the friction plate and the connecting tube tightly contact each other, which can further increase the pressure between the friction plate and the connecting tube, enhance the friction between the two, and further improve the shock-absorbing effect of the device. When the workpiece is rotating and cutting, the internal pressure of the oil storage box is increased through the pressurizing mechanism, and the lubricating liquid in the oil storage box is squeezed out to the bearing and ball through the oiling nozzle, reducing the rotation resistance of the connecting tube, avoiding relative rotation and wear between the workpiece and the top. In addition, the lubricating liquid can play a shock-absorbing effect through its own viscosity, avoiding the vibration of the connecting tube and the displacement of the top position. In addition, the faster the rotation speed of the workpiece, the greater the internal pressure of the oil storage box, and the faster the extrusion speed of the lubricating liquid. This design can form an effective oil film between the ball, the fixing ring and the limit ring in time to ensure the lubrication effect, and keep the lubricating liquid in a flowing state, taking away the wear debris and heat around the ball, and extending the service life of the ball. During the pressurization process achieved by the pressurizing mechanism, the air in the space enclosed by the top of the connecting tube can be extracted to form a negative pressure inside the connecting tube. At the same time, the pressure in the gap between the connecting tube and the top is increased by the rotation of the extrusion ring. The connection between the top and the connecting tube is tightened by the pressure, further improving the stability of the top when in use. The faster the oil pan rotates, the greater the centrifugal force on the baffle. When the workpiece rotates rapidly, the centrifugal force on the baffle can offset part of the elastic force of the extrusion spring, making it easier for the lubricating fluid inside the oil storage box to be squeezed out and the lubrication effect can be exerted more promptly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 It shows an overall plan view according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the interior of a sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a sleeve explosion according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an oil injection pipe provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 6 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle; Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of a connecting cylinder provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a friction plate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Fig.10 It shows a schematic diagram of the interior of an oil storage box provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.10 Enlarged schematic diagram at point C in the middle.

[0017] Legend: 10. Tailstock body; 11. Screw rod; 12. Sleeve; 13. Center; 20. Fastening mechanism; 21. Connecting tube; 22. Bearing; 23. Fixing ring; 24. Limiting ring; 25. Ball; 26. Limiting assembly; 261. Extrusion ring; 262. Return spring; 263. Clamping block; 264. Torsion spring; 265. Buffer pad; 266. Air storage chamber; 267. Friction plate; 30. Pressurizing mechanism; 31. Cylindrical cam; 32. Sleeve; 33. Bump; 34. Ring magnet; 35. Connecting pipe; 36. Movable plate; 37. Iron ring; 38. Check valve a; 39. Check valve b; 310. Connecting ring 1; 40. Oil filling component; 41. Oil storage box; 42. Solenoid pressure relief valve; 43. Oil pan; 44. Cover; 45. Oil delivery pipe; 46. Second connecting ring; 47. Baffle; 48. Extrusion spring; 49. Oil filling pipe; 410. Piston push rod; 411. Oil filling nozzle; 412. Waste oil chamber; 50. Filter; 51. Plastic tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technology of a machine tool composite tailstock in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1-Figure 11 As shown, the present invention provides a composite tailstock for a machine tool, comprising a tailstock body 10, wherein a screw rod 11 is rotatably connected to the inside of the tailstock body 10, and a sleeve 12 threadedly connected to the screw rod 11 is slidably connected to the inside of the tailstock body 10, and further comprising: The fastening mechanism 20 includes a connecting tube 21 rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve 12, a top 13 is inserted into the inside of the connecting tube 21, the tail end of the top 13 is tapered, the inside of the connecting tube 21 is a tapered cavity, and the top 13 can be tightly combined after being inserted into the inside of the connecting tube 21, and a limiting component 26 is arranged inside the sleeve 12, and the limiting component 26 includes an extrusion ring 261 sleeved on the outside of the connecting tube 21, and a return spring 262 is arranged between the extrusion ring 261 and the inner wall of the sleeve 12, and a clamping block 263 is rotatably connected to the connecting tube 21, and the inner wall of the extrusion ring 261 contacts the outer side of the clamping block 263, and both sides of the clamping block 263 are fitted with the connecting tube 21, and a torsion spring 264 is arranged between the clamping block 263 and the connecting tube 21, and the torsion spring 264 can prevent the clamping block 263 from falling into the inside of the connecting tube 21, so as to facilitate the insertion of the top 13 into the connecting tube 21; An oil filling component 40 includes an oil storage box 41 slidably connected to the inside of the sleeve 12. An electromagnetic pressure relief valve 42 is installed on the top of the oil storage box 41 to limit the pressure inside the oil storage box 41 to prevent the internal pressure of the oil storage box 41 from continuously increasing. An oil filling pipe 49 is fixedly connected to the inside of the sleeve 12. A piston push rod 410 is slidably connected to the inside of the oil filling pipe 49. The outer end of the piston push rod 410 abuts against the extrusion ring 261. An oil filling nozzle 411 is fixedly connected to the oil filling pipe 49. Three groups of oil filling nozzles 411 are provided. The three groups of oil filling nozzles 411 are respectively provided on both sides of the bearing 22 and the two groups of balls 25, so that the extruded lubricant can be directly injected into the bearing 22 and the balls 25 to give full play to the lubrication effect; It also includes a pressurizing mechanism 30 for increasing the internal pressure of the oil storage box 41 to squeeze out the lubricating oil; When the pressurizing mechanism 30 increases the internal pressure of the oil storage box 41, the lubricating fluid inside the oil storage box 41 is squeezed out from the oil filling nozzle 411 through the oil filling pipe 49 under pressure, and the piston push rod 410 slides outward under pressure, pushing the extrusion ring 261 to lock the clamp block 263 to tighten the top 13.

[0020] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A buffer pad 265 is fixedly connected to one side of the clamp block 263. An air storage cavity 266 is arranged inside the buffer pad 265. The inner wall of one side of the air storage cavity 266 is arched. Friction plates 267 for sealing the air storage cavity 266 are fixedly connected to both sides of the buffer pad 265. The friction plates 267 fit the connecting tube 21. When the buffer pad 265 is squeezed, it will deform, so that the arched inner wall of the air storage cavity 266 contacts the inner wall opposite to it. At this time, the arched inner wall will deform and push the air to the two friction plates. The position of the wiper 267 is squeezed, causing the friction plate 267 to bulge outward under air pressure, thereby increasing the pressure between the friction plate 267 and the connecting tube 21 and increasing the friction between the two. The outer side of the clamp block 263 is inclined, and the extrusion ring 261 squeezes the inclined surface of the clamp block 263 when moving, causing the clamp block 263 to tilt toward the middle of the connecting tube 21 to clamp the top 13. The greater the moving distance of the extrusion ring 261, the greater the extrusion force between the top 13, the clamp block 263 and the extrusion ring 261.

[0021] Reference Figure 4 , a bearing 22 is assembled between the sleeve 12 and the connecting cylinder 21, and a fixing ring 23 is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting cylinder 21, and two limiting rings 24 are respectively arranged on both sides of the fixing ring 23 on the outside of the connecting cylinder 21, and a ball 25 is rollingly connected between the limiting ring 24 and the fixing ring 23, and the fixing ring 23 and the limiting ring 24 are both embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve 12. Under normal circumstances, after the workpiece is supported by the top 13, the thrust from the workpiece will cause the connecting cylinder 21 and the fixing ring 23 to squeeze a group of balls 25 located on the fixing ring 23 near the oil storage box 41. When the contact position between the workpiece and the top 13 is worn due to vibration, so that the top 13 is no longer subjected to the pressure of the workpiece, at this time, the extrusion ring 261, the clamping block 263, the connecting cylinder 21 and the top 13 can still support the workpiece under the thrust of the piston push rod 410 to prevent the workpiece from loosening, so that the workpiece can continue to be processed, and at this time, the other group of balls 25 are subjected to force, which also has the effect of reducing the rotation resistance of the connecting cylinder 21.

[0022] Reference Figure 7The pressurizing mechanism 30 includes a cylindrical cam 31 fixedly connected to the connecting cylinder 21. The outer portion of the cylindrical cam 31 is provided with a guide groove connected end to end. The inner portion of the sleeve 12 is slidably connected to a sleeve 32. The inner wall of the sleeve 32 is fixedly connected to an annular magnet 34 and a convex block 33 embedded in the groove on the cylindrical cam 31. Since the sleeve 32 can only slide inside the sleeve 12, the cylindrical cam 31 will drive the sleeve 32 to slide back and forth through the convex block 33 during the rotation process. The inner portion of the cylindrical cam 31 is slidably connected to a connecting pipe 35. The connecting pipe 35 is The end is embedded in the cylindrical cam 31, so that the rotation of the cylindrical cam 31 can drive the connecting tube 35 to rotate. The inside of the connecting tube 35 is slidably connected to the movable plate 36, and the outside of the movable plate 36 is rotatably connected to the iron ring 37. The iron ring 37 and the annular magnet 34 are located in the same plane. The annular magnet 34 attracts the iron ring 37 through magnetic force, so that the annular magnet 34 can drive the iron ring 37 to move during the movement of the sleeve 32, thereby driving the movable plate 36 to reciprocate inside the connecting tube 35. The outside of the connecting tube 35 is rotatably connected to the connecting ring 310. The connecting ring 310 and the connecting pipe 35 are respectively provided with check valves a38 for air intake and air outlet. The connecting ring 310 is used to enable the connecting pipe 35 to be connected to the connecting cylinder 21 through the check valve a38 for air intake when the connecting pipe 35 rotates. The movable plate 36, the connecting pipe 35 and the two check valves a38 form an air pump for conveying external air into the oil storage box 41 to pressurize the oil storage box 41. The pressure inside the oil storage box 41 is regulated by controlling the pressure setting value of the electromagnetic pressure relief valve 42 so that the pressure inside the oil storage box 41 is The force can increase with the increase of the rotation speed of the workpiece, thereby assisting the processing of the workpiece. When the rotation speed of the workpiece increases, the pressurizing mechanism 30 can increase the gas supply speed to the oil storage box 41, so that the internal pressure of the oil storage box 41 can reach the target pressure faster. Since the oil storage box 41, the cover body 44, the oil pan 43, the connecting ring 246 and the oil filling pipe 49 are connected, the increase in the internal pressure of the oil storage box 41 will increase the pressure in the oil filling pipe 49, and increase the thrust on the piston push rod 410, thereby increasing the force of the piston push rod 410 pushing the extrusion ring 261.

[0023] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 7The check valve a38 for air intake is connected to the inside of the connecting tube 21, and a check valve b39 is installed on the connecting tube 21. The movement of the movable plate 36 will transport the air in the space of the connecting tube 21 enclosed by the top 13 to the connecting pipe 35, so that the air pressure in the space of the connecting tube 21 enclosed by the top 13 is reduced. The check valve b39 is used to allow outside air to enter the space and be extracted when the movable plate 36 moves after the air pressure is reduced to a certain level. When the extrusion ring 261 rotates, air will enter the gap between the connecting tube 21 and the top 13 from the gap between the clamping block 263 and the connecting tube 21, thereby increasing the air pressure in the gap, and using the air pressure difference to make the top 13 and the connecting tube 21 tightly combined, thereby improving the stability of the top 13.

[0024] Reference Fig.10 One side of the oil storage box 41 is rotatably connected to the oil pan 43, and the inner wall of the oil storage box 41 is fixedly connected to the cover body 44. The cover body 44 and the oil pan 43 are sealed. The cover body 44 is fixedly connected to an oil delivery pipe 45 extending to the bottom of the oil storage box 41. When the internal pressure of the oil storage box 41 increases, the lubricating liquid in the oil storage box 41 will enter between the oil pan 43 and the cover body 44 through the oil delivery pipe 45 under air pressure. When the lubricating liquid level in the oil storage box 41 is higher than the connecting pipe 35, the lubricating liquid will enter the connecting pipe 35. In the oil storage box 41, since the connecting pipe 35 continuously delivers air to the oil storage box 41, each time the air is delivered, the air will push the lubricating liquid in the connecting pipe 35 back into the oil storage box 41, so that the lubricating liquid can fully flow and mix in the oil storage box 41, thereby improving the uniformity of the lubricating liquid. In addition, the rotation of the oil pan 43 can also drive the lubricating liquid to flow between the oil pan 43 and the cover body 44, thereby further improving the mixing effect of the lubricating liquid. The connecting pipe 35 passes through the oil pan 43 and the cover body 44 and is fixed to the oil pan 43.

[0025] Reference Figure 6 and Fig.11 The interior of the oil pan 43 is respectively provided with a first annular cavity and a second annular cavity connected to the cover body 44. The interior of the first annular cavity is provided with an extrusion spring 48. One end of the extrusion spring 48 is fixedly connected to a baffle 47 that separates the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity. The faster the rotation speed of the oil pan 43, the greater the centrifugal force exerted on the baffle 47. When the workpiece rotates rapidly, the centrifugal force exerted on the baffle 47 can offset a part of the elastic force of the extrusion spring 48. Therefore, the faster the rotation speed of the workpiece, the faster the lubricating liquid is extruded. A connecting ring 2 46 that is sleeved on the outside of the oil pan 43 and connected to the first annular cavity is fixedly connected to the oil storage box 41. The connecting ring 2 46 is connected to the oil filling pipe 49.

[0026] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5The sleeve 12 is provided with air holes and a filter 50 is provided in the air holes. The interior of the extrusion ring 261 is provided with inclined blades arranged in a ring array. The end surface of the sleeve 12 is fixedly connected with a plastic tube 51. After the piston push rod 410 applies a certain extrusion force to the extrusion ring 261, the friction between the clamping block 263 and the extrusion ring 261 will cause the connecting tube 21 to drive the clamping block 263 and the extrusion ring 261 to rotate during the rotation process, so that the extrusion ring 261 sucks the outside air into the sleeve 12 through the filter 50, and blows the air out from the plastic tube 51. The airflow will cool down the inside of the sleeve 12 and reduce fatigue wear. The blown airflow acts on the connection position between the top 13 and the workpiece through the plastic tube 51, cools down the contact position between the workpiece and the top 13, and avoids the cutting position of the workpiece being too close to the top 13, so that the contact position between the workpiece and the top 13 is obviously heated and deformed, causing the workpiece to loosen.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 The chamber where the oil storage box 41 is installed inside the sleeve 12 is connected to the threaded hole where the screw rod 11 is located. Pushing the oil storage box 41 can move the oil pan 43 and the connecting pipe 35 into the sleeve 12. After placing the connecting tube 21 in the sleeve 12, the screw rod 11 is rotated to retract the sleeve 12. The screw rod 11 will enter the chamber where the oil storage box 41 is located and push it out, so that the oil storage box 41 drives the oil pan 43 and the connecting pipe 35 to move, and the connecting pipe 35 is embedded in the cylindrical cam 31. This design facilitates the transmission assembly of the connecting pipe 35 and the cylindrical cam 31.

[0028] Reference Figure 5 A waste oil chamber 412 is provided on the sleeve 12 below the bearing 22 and the fixing ring 23. The waste lubricating fluid brings the wear debris generated by the friction between the parts into the waste oil chamber 412. The waste oil chamber 412 can be opened from the bottom of the sleeve 12 to discharge the waste oil stored in the waste oil chamber 412.

[0029] Working principle: Rotate the screw 11 to drive the sleeve 12, the connecting tube 21 and the top 13 to move, so that the top 13 bears against the end of the shaft workpiece. When the machine tool drives the shaft workpiece to rotate, the workpiece drives the top 13 and the connecting tube 21 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the connecting tube 21 drives the cylindrical cam 31 to rotate, and drives the sleeve 32 and the annular magnet 34 to slide back and forth through the protrusion 33. Under the magnetic attraction of the annular magnet 34, the iron ring 37 drives the movable plate 36 to slide back and forth inside the connecting tube 35. When the movable plate 36 moves toward the cylindrical cam 31, the air inside the connecting tube 21 is sucked into the connecting tube 35 through the air intake check valve a38 and the connecting ring 1 310. When the movable plate 36 moves away from the cylindrical cam 31, the air inside the connecting tube 35 is input into the oil storage box 41 through the air outlet check valve a38, thereby realizing the pressurization of the inside of the oil storage box 41. After the air inside the connecting tube 21 is completely pumped out, the outside air enters the connecting tube 21 through the check valve b39 to continue to be supplied and pumped out, but the connecting tube 21 is still in a negative pressure state; The air pressure inside the oil storage box 41 increases, causing the lubricating liquid to enter between the oil pan 43 and the cover body 44 through the oil delivery pipe 45, and then enter the second annular cavity of the oil pan 43. The connecting pipe 35 rotates to drive the oil pan 43 and the baffle 47 to rotate. The baffle 47 opens under the centrifugal force and the squeeze of the lubricating liquid, causing the lubricating liquid to pass through the first annular cavity, the second connecting ring 46 and the oil filling pipe 49 and squeeze out from the oil filling nozzle 411 to lubricate the bearing 22 and the ball 25. The increase in air pressure inside the oil storage box 41 also increases the pressure inside the oil filling pipe 49. The piston push rod 410 slides out under the action of pressure and applies thrust to the extrusion ring 261, so that the extrusion ring 261 squeezes the inclined surface of the clamp block 263, driving the buffer pad 265 to clamp the top 13. The greater the movement distance of the extrusion ring 261, the greater the friction between the clamp block 263 and the extrusion ring 261. When the clamp block 263 drives the extrusion ring 261 to rotate through the friction force, the extrusion ring 261 draws the outside air into the sleeve 12 through the filter 50, and blows the air out from the plastic tube 51, so as to cool the contact position between the workpiece and the top 13.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention a composite tailstock for machine tools and its inventive concept, shall be equivalently replaced or changed, and shall be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite tailstock for a machine tool, comprising a tailstock body (10), wherein a screw rod (11) is rotatably connected to the inside of the tailstock body (10), and a sleeve (12) threadedly connected to the screw rod (11) is slidably connected to the inside of the tailstock body (10), characterized in that: Also includes: A fastening mechanism (20), the fastening mechanism (20) comprising a connecting tube (21) rotatably connected to the inside of a sleeve (12), a top tip (13) being inserted into the inside of the connecting tube (21), a limit assembly (26) being arranged inside the sleeve (12), the limit assembly (26) comprising an extrusion ring (261) sleeved on the outside of the connecting tube (21), a return spring (262) being arranged between the extrusion ring (261) and the inner wall of the sleeve (12), a clamping block (263) being rotatably connected to the connecting tube (21), a torsion spring (264) being arranged between the clamping block (263) and the connecting tube (21); An oil injection component (40), the oil injection component (40) comprising an oil storage box (41) slidably connected to the interior of the sleeve (12), an electromagnetic pressure relief valve (42) being installed on the top of the oil storage box (41), an oil injection pipe (49) being fixedly connected to the interior of the sleeve (12), a piston push rod (410) being slidably connected to the interior of the oil injection pipe (49), an outer end of the piston push rod (410) being in contact with an extrusion ring (261), and an oil injection nozzle (411) being fixedly connected to the oil injection pipe (49); It also includes a pressurizing mechanism (30) for increasing the internal pressure of the oil storage box (41) to squeeze out the lubricating oil; When the pressurizing mechanism (30) increases the internal pressure of the oil storage box (41), the lubricating liquid in the oil storage box (41) is squeezed out from the oil filling nozzle (411) through the oil filling pipe (49) under pressure, and the piston push rod (410) slides outward under pressure, pushing the extrusion ring (261) to lock the clamping block (263) to tighten the top (13).

2. A composite tailstock for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer pad (265) is fixedly connected to one side of the clamp block (263); an air storage cavity (266) is provided inside the buffer pad (265); an inner wall of one side of the air storage cavity (266) is arched; friction plates (267) for sealing the air storage cavity (266) are fixedly connected to both sides of the buffer pad (265); the friction plates (267) are fitted to the connecting tube (21); and the outer side of the clamp block (263) is inclined.

3. The composite tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing (22) is mounted between the sleeve (12) and the connecting sleeve (21); a fixing ring (23) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting sleeve (21); two limiting rings (24) are respectively located on both sides of the fixing ring (23) on the outside of the connecting sleeve (21); a ball (25) is rollingly connected between the limiting ring (24) and the fixing ring (23); and the fixing ring (23) and the limiting ring (24) are both embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve (12).

4. The composite tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism (30) comprises a cylindrical cam (31) fixedly connected to the connecting tube (21); a sleeve (32) is slidably connected inside the sleeve (12); an annular magnet (34) and a convex block (33) embedded in a groove on the cylindrical cam (31) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (32); a connecting tube (35) is slidably connected inside the cylindrical cam (31); a movable plate (36) is slidably connected inside the connecting tube (35); an iron ring (37) is rotatably connected to the outside of the movable plate (36); a connecting ring 1 (310) is rotatably connected to the outside of the connecting tube (35); and a check valve a (38) for air intake and air outlet is respectively installed on the connecting ring 1 (310) and inside the connecting tube (35).

5. The composite tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The check valve a (38) for air intake is in communication with the interior of the connecting cylinder (21), and a check valve b (39) is mounted on the connecting cylinder (21).

6. The composite tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of the oil storage box (41) is rotatably connected to an oil pan (43); the inner wall of the oil storage box (41) is fixedly connected to a cover body (44); the cover body (44) is fixedly connected to an oil delivery pipe (45) extending to the bottom of the oil storage box (41); the connecting pipe (35) passes through the oil pan (43) and the cover body (44) and is fixed to the oil pan (43).

7. The composite tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first annular cavity and a second annular cavity communicating with the cover body (44) are respectively provided inside the oil pan (43); a pressing spring (48) is provided inside the first annular cavity; one end of the pressing spring (48) is fixedly connected to a baffle (47) for separating the first annular cavity from the second annular cavity; a second connecting ring (46) sleeved on the outside of the oil pan (43) and communicating with the first annular cavity is fixedly connected to the oil storage box (41); the second connecting ring (46) is communicated with an oil filling pipe (49).

8. The composite tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (12) is provided with air holes and a filter screen (50) is provided in the air holes. Inclined blades arranged in a circular array are provided inside the extrusion ring (261). A plastic tube (51) is fixedly connected to the end surface of the sleeve (12).

9. The composite tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chamber in which the oil storage box (41) is installed inside the sleeve (12) is communicated with the threaded hole where the screw rod (11) is located.

10. The composite tailstock of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waste oil chamber (412) is provided on the sleeve (12) at a position below the bearing (22) and the fixing ring (23).

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