Preparation method of forging-additive composite molding track shoe

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a forging-additive composite molding track shoe, a single-plate single-pin track is divided into a forging part and an electric arc additive part, the forging part comprises a track shoe body and forging induction teeth, and the forging induction teeth are of 2 / 3 structures of the bottoms of the induction teeth; the electric arc additive part is of an induced tooth top 1 / 3 structure; according to the method, the advantages of high machining efficiency and low cost of the forging process and the advantages of high flexibility degree and high forming density of the electric arc additive manufacturing technology are organically combined, and efficient and low-cost composite manufacturing of the track shoe is achieved. By the adoption of the method, the technical defects and problems existing in an original single forming method can be overcome, die damage caused by large-fall forging of the induction tooth part is reduced, the problem that mold filling is difficult at the position of the induction tooth part is fundamentally solved, the product quality consistency and the qualification rate are guaranteed, the material utilization rate is increased, and the die repairing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a forging-additive composite formed track plate. Background Art

[0002] Special vehicle tracks are an important part of the motion system. As the final execution structure of the motion system, they provide traction for the vehicle through contact and friction with the ground, and play the role of dispersing the pressure of the vehicle on the ground and enhancing the grip. They are important factors affecting the vehicle's passability and maneuverability. With the development trend of lightweight and high performance of special vehicles, higher requirements are put forward for their reliability, life and weight. Therefore, a large drop variable cross-section forged track single plate single pin forged track was developed and designed, which simplified the track structure, integrated the induction tooth with the plate body, and realized one-piece molding through forging technology.

[0003] At present, the single-plate single-pin track adopts the integral forging process. On the one hand, the overall material trend of the forging is "M" shaped, and it is difficult to achieve effective material distribution through flat die cavity blanking, and the material utilization rate is low; on the other hand, the thin and high induction tooth makes the forging process, forming load selection control, and die design, manufacturing and life guarantee extremely difficult. Focusing on the process difficulties and urgent needs of the integral forging of the single-plate single-pin track of special vehicles, the process personnel carry out preliminary material storage for the parts with relatively large material demand to ensure that sufficient material is stored to meet the forming of the top 1 / 3 area of ​​the induction tooth of the final forging, so as to reduce the forming load and die loss of the final forging. At the same time, air holes are set in the final forging die cavity to reduce the resistance caused by forming, and to a certain extent reduce the dead corners where the material is difficult to fill. However, the above measures have not effectively solved the problems of track plate quality consistency and low die life. There are often problems of insufficient filling of the top 1 / 3 area of ​​the induction tooth and mold deformation caused by material folding due to excessive storage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for preparing a forging-additive composite formed track plate. The technical problem to be solved is: in view of the difficulties existing in traditional forging integral forming, the 1 / 3 area of ​​the top of the induced tooth which is difficult to fill is completed by arc additive manufacturing, and the remaining areas are prepared by forging technology to achieve composite forming.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a preparation method of a forging-additive composite formed track plate, which is characterized in that: a single-plate single-pin track is divided into a forging part 1 and an arc additive part 4, the forging part 1 includes a track plate body 2 and a forging induction tooth 3; the forging part 1 is formed by forging in batches, and the arc additive part is formed at the top of the forging induction tooth by an arc additive method.

[0006] Beneficial effects: The present invention organically combines the advantages of high processing efficiency and low cost of forging technology with the advantages of high flexibility and high forming density of arc additive manufacturing technology, thus realizing efficient and low-cost composite manufacturing of track shoes. This method can change the technical defects and problems existing in the original single forming method, reduce the mold damage caused by large drop forging of the induction tooth part, fundamentally solve the problem of difficulty in filling the induction tooth part, ensure product quality consistency and qualified rate, improve material utilization, and reduce mold repair costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 Single plate single pin track diagram

[0008] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of additive induced tooth arc additive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below.

[0010] The present invention provides a method for preparing a forging-additive composite formed track shoe, wherein a single-plate single-pin track shoe is divided into a forging part 1 and an arc additive part 4, wherein the forging part 1 includes a track shoe body 2 and a forged induction tooth 3, wherein the forged induction tooth 3 is a 2 / 3 structure of the bottom of the induction tooth; and the arc additive part 4 is a 1 / 3 structure of the top of the induction tooth;

[0011] The specific steps are as follows:

[0012] S1. The bar is forged in batches to form the forged part 1. The process is: heating - bending - pre-forging - final forging - trimming. Forging heating adopts medium frequency induction heating to heat the blank to 1180℃-1220℃. During the heating process, an infrared thermometer is used to detect the blank temperature. The blank heating temperature and the transfer time from the furnace mouth to the equipment are controlled to ensure that the initial forging temperature is within the specified range.

[0013] S2. Clean and polish the top of the forged induction tooth 3 to remove the iron oxide scale until it is bright, so as to ensure the welding quality of the arc additive base layer.

[0014] S3. Place the forged part in a horizontal position and fix it, measure and locate the center position of the top of the forging induction tooth, remotely control the welding robot to this position and record the robot coordinates.

[0015] S4. Import the additive induced tooth model into the 3D additive slicing software, slice the model and perform additive path planning: In order to avoid the problem of arc starting and arc ending accumulation in the same area of ​​each layer, resulting in a high arc starting position and a low arc ending position of the final sample, the odd-numbered layers plan the welding path to the right based on the left side of the base metal, and the even-numbered layers plan the welding path to the left based on the right side of the base metal until the end of the stroke.

[0016] S5. Run without load and without arcing. Make the welding wire at the end of the welding robot's welding gun run without load at the top of the forging induction tooth. Check the coincidence degree between the running path and the top contour of the forging induction tooth. If there is a deviation, adjust the coordinate system until they coincide and then start the arc to run the additive program.

[0017] S6. Arc additive: Select high-strength steel welding wire with a diameter of 1.2mm, use cold metal transition mode for layer-by-layer cladding, welding current of 80-110A, welding voltage of 15-20V, wire feeding speed of 3-4m / min, interlayer temperature of no more than 180℃, reduce the anisotropy of tooth performance induced by additive. Continue to add materials according to the additive path until the addition is completed, see Figure 2 .

[0018] S7. Grind the additive area to remove the surface solder beans. If there are surface pores after grinding, perform repair welding and grinding.

[0019] Key Points

[0020] 1. The distribution and flow of materials are controlled through multiple steps during the forging process. The material distribution is completed in the blank making stage, the initial forming of the track shoe is completed in the pre-forging stage, and the final blank is formed in the final forging stage. The excess burrs are cut off in the trimming stage. During the forging process, the blank temperature is controlled within the range of 1180℃-1220℃, which is lower than the conventional temperature and saves energy.

[0021] 2. Control the arc additive process parameters, the interlayer temperature is not higher than 180℃, reduce the anisotropy of additive-induced tooth performance, and ensure that the additive-induced tooth strength is ≥850MPa.

[0022] 3. The arc additive process uses the cold metal transition mode to control the heat input to reduce welding deformation and ensure the surface roughness of the molded parts.

[0023] 4. The selection of high-strength steel welding wire must have good interface strength with the forging part material.

[0024] The present invention fundamentally solves the problems of difficulty in filling the top of the induction tooth, poor quality consistency and short die life in the integral forging of single-plate single-pin crawlers. It fully combines the respective advantages of forging technology and arc additive manufacturing technology to achieve efficient and low-cost composite manufacturing of crawler plates, meeting the requirements of high reliability and lightweight products.

[0025] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe, characterized in that: The single-plate single-pin track is divided into a forging part 1 and an arc additive part 4, wherein the forging part 1 includes a track plate body 2 and a forged induction tooth 3; the forging part 1 is formed by forging in stages, and the arc additive part is formed at the top of the forged induction tooth by an arc additive process.

2. The method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forged induction tooth 3 is a 2 / 3 structure of the bottom of the induction tooth.

3. The method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc material addition part 4 is the induced tooth top 1 / 3 structure.

4. The method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that: First, the bar material is formed into a forged part 1 by forging in stages, and the process is: heating - bending - pre-forging - final forging - trimming.

5. The method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that: Forging heating uses medium frequency induction heating to heat the blank to 1180℃-1220℃.

6. The method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the heating process, an infrared thermometer is used to detect the temperature of the blank.

7. The method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the forged induction tooth 3 is cleaned and polished to remove the iron oxide scale until it is bright to ensure the welding quality of the arc additive base layer; then the forged part is placed in a horizontal position and fixed, the center position of the top of the forged induction tooth is measured and located, the welding robot is remotely controlled to this position and the robot coordinates are recorded; it is operated without load and arcing, so that the welding wire at the end of the welding robot's welding gun runs idly at the top of the forged induction tooth, and the overlap between the running path and the top contour of the forged induction tooth is checked. If there is a deviation, the coordinate system is adjusted until the arc is started after overlap, and the additive program is run.

8. The method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interlayer temperature of the arc additive process is not higher than 180°C, which reduces the anisotropy of the additive-induced tooth performance and ensures that the additive-induced tooth strength is ≧850MPa.

9. A method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The additive induced tooth model is sliced ​​and the additive path is planned: the odd-numbered layers plan the welding path to the right based on the left side of the base metal, and the even-numbered layers plan the welding path to the left based on the right side of the base metal until the end of the stroke.

10. The method for preparing a forging-additive composite track shoe according to claim 9, characterized in that: Arc additive uses high-strength steel welding wire and cold metal transition mode for layer-by-layer cladding. The welding current is 80-110A, the welding voltage is 15-20V, and the wire feeding speed is 3-4m / min. Additive process continues along the additive path until the addition is completed.

Images