Machining process for motor hole of new energy motor shell

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy motor shell motor hole machining technology, and belongs to the technical field of die-casting aluminum alloy machining, and the new energy motor shell motor hole machining technology comprises the following steps that (1) a motor shell is clamped on a hydraulic clamp, and a rough machining tool is installed on a spindle of a double-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center; (2) the motor hole is roughly machined through a rough machining tool, the unilateral allowance of the hole diameter of the motor hole is 0.15 mm + / -0.05, and the allowance of the hole bottom is 0.2 mm + / -0.05; (3) a tool withdrawal groove machining tool is installed on a spindle of the double-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and a tool withdrawal groove plane at the bottom of the motor hole is subjected to finish machining; and (4) a finish machining tool is installed on the main shafts of the double-main-shaft horizontal five-shaft machining center, and the motor hole is subjected to finish machining through the finish machining tool. The precision requirements of cylindricity, coaxiality, location degree and the like of the motor hole can be met, and the machining efficiency can be improved while the machining quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of die-cast aluminum alloy machining, and specifically relates to a machining process for a motor hole of a new energy motor housing. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles and the diversity of automobile products, the product structure of new energy vehicles is becoming more and more complex, and the processing precision requirements are high. The housing of new energy motors is an important part of new energy vehicles.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, the new energy motor housing 1 has a motor hole 2 for installing the motor. The motor hole 2 has three levels, including the first-level motor hole, the second-level motor hole and the third-level motor hole coaxially arranged from bottom to top along the depth direction of the motor hole 2. For example, in a new energy motor housing 1, the diameter requirements are φ226mm, φ230mm, φ231mm, respectively, and the total depth of the motor hole 2 is 221±0.05mm (where the effective depths of the first-level motor hole, the second-level motor hole and the third-level motor hole are 30mm, 158mm, and 33mm, respectively). And in the motor hole of the new energy motor housing, the diameter tolerance requirement is H7 (-0.17 / -0.216) mm, the coaxiality requirement is 0.05mm, and the cylindricity is 0.02mm. Therefore, the motor hole of the new energy motor housing has a large diameter, a deep processing depth, strict form and position tolerance requirements, and high precision requirements such as coaxiality and cylindricity, so the equipment and tools are extremely demanding.

[0004] In the prior art, a horizontal machining device with an HSK-A100 spindle is used to process the motor hole, and the tool is processed by a single-edged fine-tuning tool holder in combination with a blade. The tool is heavy, the processing efficiency is low, and the requirements of the cylindricity, coaxiality, position, etc. of the motor hole cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a processing technology for the motor hole of a new energy motor housing, which can ensure the precision requirements such as cylindricity, coaxiality, and position of the motor hole, and can improve the processing efficiency while improving the processing quality.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a processing technology for a motor hole of a new energy motor housing, comprising the following steps: (1) Clamp the motor housing on the hydraulic fixture and install the rough machining tool on the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center; (2) Rough machining the motor hole with a rough machining tool. The single-side allowance of the motor hole diameter is 0.15 mm ± 0.05, and the bottom allowance is 0.2 mm ± 0.05; (3) Install the undercut processing tool on the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center to fine-machine the undercut plane at the bottom of the motor hole; (4) Install a finishing tool on the spindle of a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and use the finishing tool to finish the motor hole; The motor hole of the motor housing includes a first-stage motor hole, a second-stage motor hole and a third-stage motor hole which are coaxially arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the depth direction thereof, and the diameters of the first-stage motor hole, the second-stage motor hole and the third-stage motor hole increase in sequence; (41) Move the first finishing tool to the initial position above the third-level motor hole at the motor hole opening, and keep the safety height at least 3mm; at a speed of 1500±250r / min and a feed rate of 400±50mm / min, move the first finishing tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to a position 15±0.025mm below the first-level motor hole; then move the first finishing tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 400±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole; the finishing of the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole is completed; (42) Move the second finishing tool to the initial position above the opening of the motor hole, maintaining a safety height of at least 3mm; at a speed of 1500±250r / min and a feed rate of 400±50mm / min, move the second finishing tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to the junction of the second motor hole and the third-level motor hole; then move the second finishing tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 400±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole, and the finishing of the third-level motor hole is completed.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step (2), the process of rough machining the motor hole includes: (21) Move the first rough machining tool to the initial position above the third-level motor hole at the motor hole opening, and maintain a safety height of at least 3 mm; at a speed of 2500±250r / min and a feed rate of 600±50mm / min, move the first rough machining tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to a depth of 15±0.025mm below the first-level motor hole; then move the first rough machining tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 600±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole; the rough machining of the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole is completed; (22) Move the second rough machining tool to the initial position above the opening of the motor hole, maintaining a safety height of at least 3mm; at a speed of 2500±250r / min and a feed rate of 600±50mm / min, move the second rough machining tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to the junction of the second motor hole and the third-level motor hole; then move the second rough machining tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 600±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole, and the rough machining of the third-level motor hole is completed.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the maximum outer diameter of the spindle housing of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center is smaller than the diameter of the motor hole; and the length of the roughing tool and the finishing tool is smaller than the depth of the motor hole.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, before finishing in step (3), the motor housing needs to be left to stand to release internal stress.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first finishing tool is provided with a first finishing blade and a second finishing blade, which are used to process the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole respectively; the second finishing tool is provided with a third finishing blade, which is used to process the third-level motor hole; and guide strips are provided corresponding to the first finishing blade, the second finishing blade and the third finishing blade respectively; The guide strip of the finishing tool is 0.003mm lower than the corresponding boring edge of the finishing blade; the cutting edges of the first finishing blade, the second finishing blade and the third finishing blade are 0.015mm higher than the tail of the blade.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first rough machining tool is provided with a first roughing blade and a second roughing blade, respectively used for machining the first-stage motor hole and the second-stage motor hole; The second rough machining tool is provided with a third roughing blade and a fourth roughing blade, the third roughing blade is used for machining the hole wall of the third-level motor hole, and the fourth roughing blade is used for machining the chamfer of the third-level motor hole.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the rough machining tool comprises a tool body and a tool handle, wherein the tool handle is used to be connected to the spindle of a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and the tool body and the tool handle are connected via a flange.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the finishing tool comprises a tool body and a tool handle, wherein the tool handle is used to be connected to the spindle of a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and the tool body and the tool handle are connected via a flange.

[0014] In general, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: (1) The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing of the present invention is to first roughen, then process the plane of the back-cut groove at the bottom of the motor hole, and finally process the motor hole finely. The maximum outer diameter of the spindle housing of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center is smaller than the diameter of the motor hole, which can effectively shorten the effective length of the roughing and fine processing tools, making it have the advantages of small size and light weight, and can avoid the problems of heavy self-weight, large tool length jump, insufficient spindle torque / tension, etc. of the existing roughing and fine processing tools. And on this basis, the three-level motor hole can be processed by different tool combinations, which can avoid the problem of too long tool when the three-level motor hole is processed by the same tool. At the same time, the same tool is used to process the two-level motor holes at the same time, which can improve the processing efficiency as much as possible and ensure the coaxiality requirements of the multi-level motor holes.

[0015] (2) The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing of the present invention adopts a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center and a hydraulic clamp to clamp the workpiece. It can process holes and surfaces of multiple angles in sequence and effectively ensure the dimensional accuracy requirements such as cylindricity, position, and coaxiality of the coaxially arranged multi-stage motor holes.

[0016] (3) In the processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing of the present invention, the finishing tool adopts a PCD guide bar boring tool, which can be equipped with multiple blades and has high processing efficiency; and through the fine adjustment of the flange of the tool body and the tool handle, the tool runout can be ≤0.003mm, and the tool itself has small runout; at the same time, the guide bar is lower than the boring blade of the finishing tool, and the hole wall is supported by the guide bar. Through the above design, the PCD guide bar boring tool of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively ensure the precision requirements such as cylindricity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-in-one motor housing structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-in-one motor housing clamped on a hydraulic clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a motor hole of a three-in-one motor housing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the HSK-A63 slim spindle housing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first roughing knife structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second roughing knife structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a tool for machining an undercut groove according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first finishing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second finishing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the first rough processing in the processing technology of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the second rough processing in the processing technology of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a milling bottom surface back cut in a machining process according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the first finishing process in the processing technology of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the second finishing process in the processing technology of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In all the drawings, the same figure marks represent the same technical features, specifically: 1. motor housing; 2. motor hole; 3. hydraulic clamp; 4. spindle housing; 5. first roughing blade; 6. second roughing blade; 7. third roughing blade; 8. fourth roughing blade; 9. back-cutting groove processing tool; 10. first fine blade; 11. second fine blade; 12. first guide bar; 13. second guide bar; 14. third fine blade; 15. third guide bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: (1) Clamp the motor housing on the hydraulic fixture and install the rough machining tool on the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center; like Figure 1 As shown, the workpiece is clamped on the hydraulic fixture 3, and the workpiece is a three-in-one motor housing, which is clamped by a hydraulic cylinder; the motor housing 1 is on the hydraulic fixture 3, and the hydraulic fixture is a five-axis fixture, which can realize movement in the XYZ axis direction and rotation along the X axis and Y axis respectively. The hydraulic fixture has clamping in place, hydraulic clamping, and hydraulic release detection, which effectively prevents errors caused by inadequate clamping, clamping, and release.

[0025] like Figure 4As shown, the spindle housing 4 of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center has a slim profile, and the spindle model is preferably HSK-A63. The maximum outer diameter of the spindle housing of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center is smaller than the diameter of the motor hole; the length of the roughing tool and the finishing tool is smaller than the depth of the motor hole, and more preferably, the length of the roughing tool and the finishing tool is less than 1 / 2 of the depth of the motor hole.

[0026] (2) Rough machining the motor hole with a rough machining tool. The single-side allowance of the motor hole diameter is 0.15 mm ± 0.05, and the bottom allowance is 0.2 mm ± 0.05. The single-side allowance of the hole diameter is used for fine machining, and the bottom allowance is used to machine the undercut groove plane at the bottom of the hole. The motor housing 1 is clamped on the hydraulic clamp 3, and after the hydraulic clamp 3 passes various error-proofing checks, the motor hole is roughly machined first.

[0027] The motor hole is divided into three levels, including a first-level motor hole, a second-level motor hole and a third-level motor hole coaxially arranged from bottom to top along the depth direction of the motor hole, and the diameters of the first-level motor hole, the second-level motor hole and the third-level motor hole increase sequentially.

[0028] (21) Move the first rough machining tool quickly to the initial position above the third-level motor hole at the motor hole opening, and keep the safety height at least 3mm; at a speed of 2500±250r / min and a feed rate of 600±50mm / min, move the first rough machining tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to a depth of 15±0.025mm below the first-level motor hole; then move the first rough machining tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 600±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole; the rough machining of the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole is completed; (22) Move the second rough machining tool quickly to the initial position above the motor hole opening, maintaining a safety height of at least 3mm; at a speed of 2500±250r / min and a feed rate of 600±50mm / min, move the second rough machining tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to the junction of the second motor hole and the third-level motor hole; the second rough machining tool then moves upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 600±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole; the rough machining of the third-level motor hole is completed.

[0029] In a specific embodiment, the total depth of the motor hole is 221±0.05mm, the diameters of the first-level motor hole, the second-level motor hole and the third-level motor hole are D226, D230 and D231 respectively, the effective depths are 30mm, 158mm and 33mm respectively, the top of the third-level motor hole is a distance from the motor hole opening (at least 18mm), and the bottom of the first motor hole is a distance from the bottom of the motor hole (at least 15mm). The above steps are specifically: The first rough machining tool is quickly moved to -15mm in the negative direction of the Z axis at the opening of the motor hole, and a safety height of 3mm is maintained; the first rough machining tool is moved down to -236 in the negative direction of the Z axis at a speed of 2500±250r / min and a feed of 600±50mm / min; the first rough machining tool is then moved upward in the positive direction of the Z axis to -15mm in the negative direction of the Z axis at a feed speed of 600±50mm / min, and the rough machining of the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole (motor holes D226 and D230) is completed; Move the second rough machining tool quickly to -15mm in the negative direction of the Z axis from the opening of the motor hole; maintain a safe height of 3mm, with a rotation speed of 2500±250r / min and a feed speed of 600±50mm / min, and move the second rough machining tool down to -48mm in the negative direction of the Z axis; then move the second rough machining tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis to -15mm in the negative direction of the Z axis at a feed speed of 600±50mm / min, and the rough machining of the third-level motor hole (motor hole D231) is completed.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present invention, the rough machining tool (including the first rough machining tool and the second rough machining tool) is a split structure, each including a tool body and a tool handle, wherein the tool handle is used to connect with the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and the tool body and the tool handle are connected by a flange to facilitate the adjustment of tool runout. The tool handle is made of SK material to ensure rigidity; the tool body is made of aluminum alloy to ensure that the tool is light in weight, and the overall weight of the rough machining tool is about 4kg.

[0031] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first rough machining tool is provided with a first rough blade 5 and a second rough blade 6, which are respectively used to machine the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole (such as holes D226 and D230); the second rough machining tool is used to machine the third-level motor hole (such as motor hole D231), and the second rough machining tool is provided with a third rough blade 7 and a fourth rough blade 8, wherein the third rough blade 7 is used to machine the hole wall of the third-level motor hole, and the fourth rough blade 8 is used to machine the chamfer of the third-level motor hole.

[0032] Since the diameter of the second-stage motor hole is larger than that of the first-stage motor hole, and the diameter of the third-stage motor hole is larger than that of the second-stage motor hole, the positions of the first to fourth roughing blades and the distances from the center axis of the roughing tool need to match the corresponding motor holes.

[0033] It should be noted that generally, after rough machining of the motor hole, other parts of the motor housing are machined first, and then the motor hole is finely machined. Since stress will be generated when machining other parts of the motor housing, causing the motor hole to deform, the motor housing needs to be left still after rough machining and before fine machining to release the internal stress, avoid inconsistent machining allowances due to deformation of the motor hole, and ensure the precision of fine machining.

[0034] (3) Install the undercut processing tool on the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center to fine-machine the undercut plane at the bottom of the motor hole; The machining process of machining the undercut groove plane at the bottom of the motor hole by the undercut groove machining tool can be carried out by using the existing technology. Figure 7 As shown, the tool for processing the back-cut groove is not provided with an axial back-cut groove, and only the radial back-cut groove is processed by the slot milling cutter; the axial back-cut groove processing of the finishing tool is subjected to large force, and the separate radial back-cut groove is processed separately, which can effectively ensure the shape and position tolerance requirements of the hole wall processed by the finishing motor hole.

[0035] (4) Install a finishing tool on the spindle of a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and use the finishing tool to finish the motor hole; (41) Move the first finishing tool quickly to the initial position above the third-level motor hole at the motor hole opening, and keep the safety height at least 3mm; at a speed of 1500±250r / min and a feed rate of 400±50mm / min, move the first finishing tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to a depth of 15±0.025mm below the first-level motor hole; then move the first finishing tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 400±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole; the finishing of the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole is completed; (42) Move the second finishing tool quickly to the initial position above the motor hole opening, maintaining a safety height of at least 3mm; at a speed of 1500±250r / min and a feed rate of 400±50mm / min, move the second finishing tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to the junction of the second motor hole and the third-level motor hole; the second finishing tool then moves upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 400±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole; the finishing of the third-level motor hole is completed.

[0036] In this embodiment, the following steps are specifically included: The first finishing tool is quickly moved to -15mm in the negative direction of the Z axis of the motor hole opening, and a safety height of 3mm is maintained; at a speed of 1500±250r / min and a feed of 400±50mm / min, the first finishing tool is moved down to -236mm in the negative direction of the Z axis; the first finishing tool is then moved upward in the positive direction of the Z axis to -15mm in the negative direction of the Z axis of the motor hole opening at a feed speed of 400±50mm / min, and finishing of the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole (motor holes D226 and D230) is completed; Move the second finishing tool quickly to -15mm in the negative direction of the Z axis from the opening of the motor hole; maintain a safe height of 3mm, rotate at 1500±250r / min, feed at 400±50mm / min, and move the finishing tool down to -48mm in the negative direction of the Z axis; then move the second finishing tool upward in the positive direction of the Z axis to -15mm in the negative direction of the Z axis at a feed speed of 400±50mm / min, and the finishing of the third-level motor hole (motor hole D231) is completed.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, the finishing tool used is a PCD guide boring tool, and the finishing tool (including the first finishing tool and the second finishing tool) is a split type, including a tool body and a tool handle, wherein the tool handle is used to connect with the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and the tool body and the tool handle are connected by a flange to facilitate the adjustment of the tool runout. The overall weight of the finishing tool is about 5.5kg.

[0038] like Figure 8 and 9 As shown, the first finishing tool is provided with a first finishing blade 10, a second finishing blade 11, a first guide bar 12 and a second guide bar 13; the first finishing blade 10 and the second finishing blade 11 are used to process the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole (such as holes D226 and D230), respectively, and the first guide bar 12 and the second guide bar 13 are used to guide when the first finishing tool is fed. The second finishing tool is provided with a third finishing blade 14 and a third guide bar 15, the third finishing blade 14 is used to process the third-level motor hole (such as motor hole D231), and the third guide bar 15 is used to guide when the second finishing tool is fed.

[0039] Since the maximum outer diameter of the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center in this embodiment is smaller than the diameter of the motor hole, the length of the roughing tool and the finishing tool can be smaller than the depth of the motor hole. Therefore, the roughing tool or finishing tool for machining the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole uses the same tool (the length is smaller than the depth of the motor hole), and the third-level motor hole is machined using another roughing tool or finishing tool (the length is smaller than the depth of the motor hole). This can avoid the problem of the tool being too long when the same tool is used for the three-level motor holes. At the same time, using the same tool to machine the two-level motor holes at the same time can maximize the machining efficiency and ensure the coaxiality requirements of the multi-level motor holes.

[0040] It can be understood that, since the diameter of the first-stage motor hole is smaller than the diameter of the second-stage motor hole, the vertical distance between the first fine cutting blade 10 and the center axis of the first finishing tool is smaller than the vertical distance between the second fine cutting blade 11 and the center axis of the first finishing tool. Similarly, the vertical distance between the third fine cutting blade 14 and the center axis of the second finishing tool is greater than the vertical distance between the second fine cutting blade 11 and the center axis of the first finishing tool.

[0041] Further preferably, the guide bar of the finishing tool is 0.003mm lower than the corresponding boring blade of the finishing blade, that is, the vertical distance between the first guide bar 12 and the center axis of the first finishing tool is less than the distance between the boring blade of the first finishing blade 10 and the axis of the motor hole by 0.003mm, the vertical distance between the second guide bar 13 and the center axis of the first finishing tool is less than the distance between the boring blade of the second finishing blade 11 and the axis of the motor hole by 0.003mm; the vertical distance between the third guide bar 15 and the center axis of the second finishing tool is less than the vertical distance between the boring blade of the third finishing blade 14 and the center axis of the second finishing tool by 0.003mm. And the blade and the tail of the first finishing blade, the second finishing blade, and the third finishing blade require that the blade is 0.015mm higher than the tail.

[0042] Therefore, in step (4), before finishing the motor hole, the guide bar of the finishing tool needs to be adjusted to be 0.003mm lower than the boring edge of the finishing blade, and the blade and the tail of the finishing blade need to be 0.015mm higher than the tail. After adjustment, when the spindle is stationary, the internal cooling of the finishing tool needs to be turned on, and the internal cooling pressure should be ≥4MPa.

[0043] The finishing tool of the embodiment of the present invention adopts a PCD guide bar boring tool. Compared with the single-edge boring tool structure of the fine-tuning tool holder + blade in the prior art, the PCD guide bar boring tool can be equipped with multiple blades, and the processing efficiency is high; and through the fine adjustment of the flange of the tool body and the tool handle, the tool runout can be made ≤0.003mm, and the tool itself has a small runout; at the same time, the guide bar is lower than the boring blade of the finishing tool, and the hole wall is supported by the guide bar. Through the above design, the PCD guide bar boring tool of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively ensure the precision requirements such as cylindricity.

[0044] The maximum outer diameter of the spindle housing contour of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center in the embodiment of the present invention is smaller than the diameter of the motor hole. Therefore, when machining the motor hole, the spindle housing can enter the inside of the motor hole, and the rough machining and finishing tools for machining the motor hole can be as short as possible (the tool length can be less than 1 / 2 of the depth of the motor hole), which can avoid the problems of heavy weight of existing rough machining and finishing tools, large tool length jump, insufficient spindle torque / tension, etc.

[0045] Therefore, the roughing and finishing tools of the present invention are small in size and weight, and have the following advantages: a. Reduce energy consumption: The tool is light in weight, and the power required when the processing equipment drives it to move is relatively small, thereby reducing energy consumption; b. Improve processing accuracy: The tool with light weight has small inertia, and is easier to control during high-speed processing or complex trajectory processing, and can move more accurately along the predetermined trajectory, which helps to improve processing accuracy; c. Reduce equipment wear: Since the tool is light in weight, the load on the processing equipment is small, which can reduce the force on the relevant parts of the equipment during movement, thereby reducing equipment wear and extending the service life of the equipment; d. Facilitate quick tool change: Lighter tools are lighter when operating the tool changing device, which is beneficial to increase the tool change speed and thus improve processing efficiency.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention adopts a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and uses a hydraulic clamp to clamp the workpiece. It can process holes and surfaces at multiple angles in sequence, and can effectively ensure the dimensional accuracy requirements of coaxially arranged multi-stage motor holes. For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, roughing and finishing are processed in sequence, and roughing and finishing are performed successively under the same hydraulic clamp. Since the positioning error caused by multiple clamping is reduced, the machining accuracy can be better guaranteed; and the finishing allowances of the same sequence processing are uniform, and the tool cutting dynamic balance is good, which better guarantees the product accuracy.

[0047] In the processing technology of the present invention, the motor hole is first rough-machined in sequence, then the plane of the back-cut groove at the bottom of the motor hole is fine-machined, and finally the motor hole is fine-machined; the fine-machining tool adopts a guide bar tool with flange adjustment and an internal cooling structure. After the processing is completed, the fine-machining tool is retracted, and the retraction speed is the same as the processing speed. After the tool completely withdraws from the product, the spindle stops rotating and the processing is completed. The motor hole fine-machining tool only cuts the side wall, does not cut the bottom plane and the back-cut groove, the tool is subjected to the same force direction and the force is small, and the stress is released before fine-machining, which can reduce the error caused by the deformation after processing.

[0048] Therefore, the present invention ensures the precision requirements of the motor hole such as coaxiality, position, cylindricity, etc. by reasonably designing the processing tool, designing a reasonable process route and coordinating high-precision equipment.

[0049] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing technology for the motor hole of a new energy motor housing, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Clamp the motor housing on the hydraulic fixture and install the rough machining tool on the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center; (2) Rough machining the motor hole with a rough machining tool. The single-side allowance of the motor hole diameter is 0.15 mm ± 0.05, and the bottom allowance is 0.2 mm ± 0.05; (3) Install the undercut processing tool on the spindle of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center to fine-machine the undercut plane at the bottom of the motor hole; (4) Install a finishing tool on the spindle of a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and use the finishing tool to finish the motor hole; The motor hole of the motor housing includes a first-stage motor hole, a second-stage motor hole and a third-stage motor hole which are coaxially arranged in sequence from bottom to top along the depth direction thereof, and the diameters of the first-stage motor hole, the second-stage motor hole and the third-stage motor hole increase in sequence; (41) Move the first finishing tool to the initial position above the third-level motor hole at the motor hole opening, and keep the safety height at least 3mm; at a speed of 1500±250r / min and a feed rate of 400±50mm / min, move the first finishing tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to a position 15±0.025mm below the first-level motor hole; then move the first finishing tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 400±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole; the finishing of the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole is completed; (42) Move the second finishing tool to the initial position above the opening of the motor hole, maintaining a safety height of at least 3 mm; at a speed of 1500±250 r / min and a feed of 400±50 mm / min, move the second finishing tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to the junction of the second motor hole and the third motor hole; The second finishing tool then moves upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 400±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole, and the finishing of the third-level motor hole is completed.

2. The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step (2), the process of rough machining the motor hole includes: (21) Move the first rough machining tool to the initial position above the third-level motor hole at the motor hole opening, and maintain a safety height of at least 3 mm; at a speed of 2500±250r / min and a feed rate of 600±50mm / min, move the first rough machining tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to a depth of 15±0.025mm below the first-level motor hole; then move the first rough machining tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 600±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole; the rough machining of the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole is completed; (22) Move the second rough machining tool to the initial position above the opening of the motor hole, maintaining a safety height of at least 3mm; at a speed of 2500±250r / min and a feed rate of 600±50mm / min, move the second rough machining tool down along the negative direction of the Z axis to the junction of the second motor hole and the third-level motor hole; then move the second rough machining tool upward along the positive direction of the Z axis at a feed rate of 600±50mm / min to the initial position above the third-level motor hole, and the rough machining of the third-level motor hole is completed.

3. The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The maximum outer diameter of the spindle housing of the dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center is smaller than the diameter of the motor hole; the lengths of the rough machining tool and the fine machining tool are smaller than the depth of the motor hole.

4. The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step (3) Before finishing, the motor housing needs to be left to stand to release internal stress.

5. The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that: The first finishing tool is provided with a first finishing blade and a second finishing blade, which are used to process the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole respectively; the second finishing tool is provided with a third finishing blade, which is used to process the third-level motor hole; and guide strips are provided corresponding to the first finishing blade, the second finishing blade and the third finishing blade respectively; The guide strip of the finishing tool is 0.003mm lower than the corresponding boring edge of the finishing blade; the cutting edges of the first finishing blade, the second finishing blade and the third finishing blade are 0.015mm higher than the tail of the blade.

6. The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that: The first rough machining tool is provided with a first roughing blade and a second roughing blade, which are used for machining the first-level motor hole and the second-level motor hole respectively; The second rough machining tool is provided with a third roughing blade and a fourth roughing blade, the third roughing blade is used for machining the hole wall of the third-level motor hole, and the fourth roughing blade is used for machining the chamfer of the third-level motor hole.

7. The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that: The rough machining tool comprises a tool body and a tool handle, wherein the tool handle is used to be connected to the spindle of a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and the tool body and the tool handle are connected through a flange.

8. The processing technology of the motor hole of the new energy motor housing according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized in that: The finishing tool comprises a tool body and a tool handle, wherein the tool handle is used to be connected to the spindle of a dual-spindle horizontal five-axis machining center, and the tool body and the tool handle are connected through a flange.

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