Amphibious emergency bridge

Abstract

The amphibious emergency bridge comprises one or more sets of folding bridge plates, a plurality of fixing mechanisms are detachably installed on the folding bridge plates in the unfolded state, and guiding assemblies are arranged at the two ends of the folding bridge plates; an air support assembly is detachably mounted at the bottom of each group of fixing mechanism; a prestress assembly is arranged on the air supporting assembly; the folding bridge plate comprises a plurality of grating supports, every two adjacent grating supports are hinged, and the rotation directions of the other grating supports hinged to the two ends of the grating supports are opposite. The folding bridge plates are connected through the grids, the air supporting assembly is composed of a plurality of air bags, the folding bridge plates and the air supporting assembly are light in weight, the folding bridge plates are stacked after being folded when not used, the air supporting assembly can reduce the size in a deflation mode when not used, the air supporting assembly is folded and stored, and the occupied space is small; due to the light weight, the device can be more easily arranged on a to-be-repaired road section, the arrangement mode is simple, and laying can be conducted manually.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an amphibious emergency bridge, belonging to the field of bridges. Background Art

[0002] An emergency bridge is a set of temporary bridges used in railways or roads for emergency repairs or rescue in peacetime or wartime. This temporary bridge structure can be disassembled and assembled quickly and repeatedly.

[0003] The emergency bridges currently in use have many rods and the components are heavy. When responding to military operations or natural disasters such as explosions, earthquakes, floods, fires and typhoons, higher requirements are placed on the adaptability, mobility and standardization of emergency bridges. The transportation and erection of the bridges need to be completed in the shortest possible time. On-site assembly and erection require the cooperation of mechanical equipment, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly, and has insufficient load-bearing capacity when in use.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN117286774A discloses a loading and unloading structure for a mechanized emergency amphibious bridge. The technical solution is: the bridge body is supported by rotating support rollers, which reduces the friction between the bridge body and the support rollers and facilitates the loading and unloading of the bridge body. In addition, by arranging support legs under the second frame, the bearing capacity of the second frame is increased, and the angle of the second frame can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the bridge body, which greatly facilitates the erection of the bridge body. However, the overall solution still uses an integrated steel frame structure, which is heavy and bulky. In addition, the integrated structure means that only large-scale transport equipment can be used for transportation, which will undoubtedly be greatly limited when the road conditions are unknown during disaster relief. At the same time, the seismic resistance and ability to withstand abnormal weather such as floods and waterlogging of pure steel frame structures are poor.

[0005] A Chinese invention patent with publication number CN220565038U discloses an inflatable amphibious bridge, comprising at least two pontoons, both of which are hollow long strips with flush sides, two adjacent pontoons being rotatably connected, and the two end positions of the relative rotation path of the two adjacent pontoons are respectively a bridging position and a storage position, the two pontoons at the bridging position are sequentially connected along their length directions, and the two pontoons at the storage position are sequentially stacked along their height directions; its structure arranges airbags in the inner cavity of the pontoons to prevent the airbags from being worn, thereby ensuring the safe use of the bridge body, and when the device is used as a bridge and a ferry, the pontoons are moved away from each other by inflating the airbags to increase the width of the pontoons, thereby increasing the load capacity and bearing area of ​​the device, which is beneficial to improving transportation efficiency. However, the box in the dual-purpose bridge is mainly used to prevent the airbag from being worn, and the airbag is used as the main load-bearing structure, which makes the bearing capacity of the dual-purpose bridge poor; in addition, the pontoon in the patent covers the airbag, which also means that the pontoon is large in size and the airbag is not properly fixed; this will result in the patent being able to be used only as a light-load short-distance bridge, and cannot be used as a long-distance land or water emergency repair bridge such as about thirty meters. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an amphibious emergency bridge which is suitable for various weather environments, is light in weight and has a strong bearing capacity, and is time-saving and labor-saving to lay.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention includes more than one group of folding bridge plates, and a plurality of fixing mechanisms can be detachably installed on the folding bridge plates in the unfolded state, and guide components are arranged at both ends of the folding bridge plates; a gas support component is detachably installed at the bottom of each group of fixing mechanisms; a prestressed component is arranged on the gas support component; the folding bridge plate includes a plurality of grid supports, and two adjacent grid supports are hinged, and the rotation directions of the other grid supports hinged at both ends of each grid support are opposite.

[0009] The air support assembly of the present invention includes several groups of air support sub-components arranged along the bridge direction and parallel to each other, and the air support sub-components include two air bags arranged at the top and the bottom; the two ends of the air bags correspond to the two ends of the folding bridge plate in the unfolded state respectively; the fixing mechanism includes a fixing plate and a connecting block rotatably installed on the top surface of the two ends of the fixing plate; the end fixing mechanism or the air bag fixing mechanism is installed on the bottom surface of the fixing plate; the end fixing mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the bottom surface of the two ends of the folding bridge plate; a plurality of the air bag fixing mechanisms are arranged between the two end fixing mechanisms; connecting grooves matching with the connecting blocks are respectively arranged on both sides of the folding bridge plate in the unfolded state; a latch groove is arranged on the connecting groove; a latch through hole is arranged on the connecting block, and the connecting block is rotated so that the connecting blocks on both sides of the fixing plate are respectively embedded in the connecting groove, and the latch groove is connected with the latch through hole and the fixing latch is inserted.

[0010] The end fixing mechanism of the present invention includes a gantry fixed to the bottom of a fixing plate, a supporting cloth installed at the bottom of both ends of the gantry, and a first anti-skid buffer pad arranged between the gantry and the airbag; the gantry top plate and the first anti-skid buffer pad are both continuously arranged tile-shaped plates that match the number of gas support components, and the curvature of the tile-shaped plates matches the curvature of the airbag; the gantry and the supporting cloth cover the ends of the gas support assembly; the first clamping blocks are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the first anti-skid buffer pad, and the first anti-skid protrusions are arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the first anti-skid buffer pad; the first clamping grooves that cooperate with the first clamping blocks are arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the gantry.

[0011] The airbag fixing mechanism of the present invention comprises a first airbag fixing frame fixed on the bottom of a fixing plate and a second airbag fixing frame whose top surfaces at both ends are connected to the bottom surfaces at both ends of the first airbag fixing frame; the first airbag fixing frame and the second airbag fixing frame are fixedly connected by bolts and nuts and then cover the air support assembly; an upper second anti-skid buffer pad is arranged between the first airbag fixing frame and the air support assembly, and a lower second anti-skid buffer pad is arranged between the second airbag fixing frame and the air support assembly; the top plate of the first airbag fixing frame, the bottom plate of the second airbag fixing frame, the upper second anti-skid buffer pad and the lower second anti-skid buffer pad are all continuously arranged tile-shaped plates matching the number of air support sub-components, and the curvature of the tile-shaped plates matches the curvature of the airbag; second clamping blocks are respectively arranged at intervals on the top surface of the upper second anti-skid buffer pad and the bottom surface of the lower second anti-skid buffer pad, and second clamping grooves cooperating with the second clamping blocks are respectively arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the first airbag fixing frame and the top surface of the second airbag fixing frame; second anti-skid protrusions are respectively arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the upper second anti-skid buffer pad and the top surface of the lower second anti-skid buffer pad.

[0012] The present invention provides a detachable shock absorber on the bottom surfaces of both ends of the folding bridge plate in the unfolded state; the shock absorber comprises two support sleeves evenly installed on each side of the bottom surface of the end of the folding bridge plate, a support column with a gap fitted on the bottom of the support sleeve, a square frame fixedly installed on the bottom surfaces of the four support columns, and a spring with a gap fitted on each support column; the spring is located between the bottom surface of the support sleeve and the top surface of the square frame.

[0013] The guide assembly of the present invention comprises a C-shaped fixing groove hinged at the end of the folding bridge plate, a guide plate with one end installed in the C-shaped fixing groove, and an adjustment plate installed on the guide plate; C-shaped guide grooves are arranged on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the adjustment plate, and the guide plate is inserted into the two C-shaped guide grooves; adjustment holes A are evenly arranged on both sides of the guide plate (14), and adjustment holes B corresponding to the adjustment holes A are arranged on both sides of the guide plate at intervals. After adjusting the appropriate lengths of the guide plate and the adjustment plate, pins are installed in the corresponding adjustment holes on both sides to fix them.

[0014] The prestressed component of the present invention includes a driving motor fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the folding bridge plate, a torque sensor installed on the transmission shaft of the driving motor through a coupling, a rope winding shaft installed on the torque sensor through a coupling, and prestressed ropes matched with the number of gas support sub-components wound on the rope winding shaft, the other end of the rope winding shaft is fixed to the other side of the bottom of the folding bridge plate through a bearing seat; after the prestressed rope is unfolded and arranged on the bottom surface of the corresponding gas support sub-component, its movable end is fixed to the bottom of the other end of the folding bridge plate.

[0015] Two adjacent folding bridge plates of the present invention are connected by a plurality of groups of Zhan-type hooks; the Zhan-type hooks include active hooks and passive hooks; a groove is arranged on one side of the grille support, the active hook is arranged in the groove, and the passive hook is arranged on the corresponding side of the grille support of the folding bridge plate corresponding to the active hook.

[0016] The top surface of the hinged joint of two adjacent grid supports of the present invention is detachably mounted with a connecting deck, and the adjacent connecting decks abut against each other; end decks abutting against the connecting decks are respectively arranged on the top surfaces of the grid supports at both ends of the folding bridge plate.

[0017] The outer layer airbag of the present invention and the inner layer airbag arranged in the outer layer airbag, the space between the outer layer airbag and the inner layer airbag is filled with self-replenishing fluid.

[0018] The positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the folding bridge panels of the present invention are connected by grids, and the gas support assembly is composed of multiple air bags, so the folding bridge panels and the gas support assembly are light in weight, and the folding bridge panels can be folded and stacked when not in use, and the gas support assembly can be reduced in size by deflating when not in use, and can be folded and stored, occupying a small space; when the present invention is not in use, it can be stored by folding and other methods and is light in weight, which is convenient for use as an amphibious emergency bridge in emergency situations such as when the original bridge is damaged due to floods; the lighter weight makes the present invention easier to set up on the section to be repaired and the setting method is simple, such as using helicopters, cranes and other equipment for laying; in special sections where vehicles cannot enter, the present invention can even be laid manually.

[0019] In the present invention, several fixing mechanisms connect the gas support assembly to the folding bridge deck. The gas support structure composed of multiple air bags supports the folding bridge deck, which greatly improves the overall bearing capacity and bending stiffness of the amphibious emergency bridge. The gas support assembly plays a buffering and protective role under the bridge deck, which can reduce the impact and vibration of the bridge deck during the passage process and protect the bridge deck from damage. The shock absorber and the air bag structure make the present invention have good seismic resistance.

[0020] The gas support sub-component of the present invention is a structure of two airbags arranged at the top and the bottom, that is, two rows of airbags. Compared with using only a single row of airbags, its supporting force is stronger, and the use of two rows of airbags under the bridge deck can better disperse and bear the weight of pedestrians and vehicles on the bridge deck, improve the overall stability of the bridge structure, and the gas support structure composed of two rows of airbags is smaller in volume than the gas support structure constructed by a single layer of airbags, so the difficulty of laying during emergency repairs will be reduced accordingly, improving the safety during the construction process and reducing the risk of injury to workers. Finally, the two rows of airbags can cope with loads of different sizes and directions, improve the bearing capacity and adaptability of the bridge, and have a long service life and low maintenance cost. Therefore, in the long run, the design of two rows of airbags can reduce material costs.

[0021] The present invention cooperates the prestressed rope with the rope winding assembly so that the amphibious emergency bridge as a whole has a certain preset tensile stress, so as to improve the overall rigidity and bearing capacity of the amphibious emergency bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] AttachedFigure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Attached Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the grid support connection structure of the present invention;

[0024] Attached Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the gas support assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Attached Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas support sub-component of the present invention;

[0026] Attached Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0027] Attached Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the fixing mechanism and the folding bridge plate of the present invention;

[0028] Attached Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the end fixing mechanism and the airbag fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Attached Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the end fixing mechanism parts of the present invention;

[0030] Attached Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed plate and the portal frame combined with the present invention;

[0031] Attached Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the parts of the airbag fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Attached Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0033] Attached Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the folding bridge plate of the present invention in a folded state;

[0034] Attached Fig.13 For attachment Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B;

[0035] Attached Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the guide plate and the adjustment plate parts of the present invention;

[0036] Attached Fig.15 For attachment Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0037] Attached Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the active hook installation structure of the James hook of the present invention;

[0038] Attached Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the passive hook installation structure of the Zhan type hook of the present invention;

[0039] Attached Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of a structure for laying a connecting deck on a folding bridge deck of the present invention;

[0040] Attached Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the airbag structure of the present invention;

[0041] Attached Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of a hinge structure installed between two grille supports of the present invention;

[0042] Attached Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prestressed component of the present invention;

[0043] Attached Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the connecting deck of the present invention;

[0044] Attached Fig.23 ANSYS software finite element model for implementing the present invention;

[0045] Attached Fig.24 Displacement cloud diagram for implementing the amphibious emergency bridge of the present invention;

[0046] Attached Fig.25 A stress cloud diagram for implementing the amphibious emergency bridge of the present invention.

[0047] In the attached picture:

[0048] 1. Folding bridge plate; 11. Grille bracket; 111. Connecting groove; 112. Latch slot; 12. Articulation mechanism; 13. Guide bridge plate; 14. Guide plate; 141. Adjustment plate; 142. C-shaped guide groove; 143. Adjustment hole A; 144. Adjustment hole B;

[0049] 2. Fixing mechanism; 21. Fixing plate; 22. Connecting block; 23. Fixing pin; 24. End fixing mechanism; 241. Door frame; 242. Fiber cloth; 243. First anti-skid cushion pad; 244. First clamping block; 245. First clamping slot; 246. First anti-skid convex block; 25. Airbag fixing mechanism; 251. First airbag fixing frame; 252. Second airbag fixing frame; 253. Upper second anti-skid cushion pad; 254. Lower second anti-skid cushion pad; 255. Second clamping block; 256. Second clamping slot;

[0050] 3. Gas support assembly; 31. Gas support sub-assembly; 311. Airbag; 301. Outer airbag; 302. Inner airbag; 303. Self-replenishing fluid;

[0051] 4. Prestressed rope;

[0052] 5. Rope winding shaft; 51. Driving motor; 52. Torque sensor; 53. Rope winding shaft.

[0053] 6. shock absorber; 61. support sleeve; 62. support column; 63. square frame; 64. spring;

[0054] 7. Connecting deck;

[0055] 8. End deck;

[0056] 91. Active hook; 92. Passive hook; 93. Groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the present disclosure, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below.

[0058] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the present invention includes more than one group of folding bridge plates 1, and a plurality of fixing mechanisms 2 are detachably installed on the folding bridge plates 1 in the unfolded state, and guide components are arranged at both ends of the folding bridge plates 1; a gas support component 3 is detachably installed at the bottom of each group of fixing mechanisms 2; and a prestressed component is arranged on the gas support component 3.

[0059] The folding bridge plate 1 includes a plurality of grid supports 11, two adjacent grid supports 11 are hinged, and the rotation directions of the other grid supports 11 hinged at both ends of each grid support 11 are opposite, as shown in the attached Fig. 20 As shown, the hinge is specifically a hinge 12, and the maximum rotation angle of the hinge mechanism is 180°, so that the grid brackets 11 can be stacked. When not in use, the grid brackets 11 are folded and stored, which takes up little space and is convenient for transportation. When in use, the grid brackets 11 can be unfolded; the grid brackets 11 are light in weight, making the folding bridge plate 1 more lightweight; in a preferred embodiment, the material of the grid brackets 11 is preferably an aluminum alloy with high connection strength and low density.

[0060] As attached Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figures 19, the gas support assembly 3 of the present invention includes a plurality of groups of gas support sub-components 31 arranged along the bridge direction and parallel to each other, and the gas support sub-components 31 include two airbags 311 arranged at the upper and lower ends; the two ends of the airbag 311 respectively correspond to the two ends of the folding bridge plate 1 in the unfolded state; the airbag 311 includes an outer airbag 301 and an inner airbag 302 arranged in the outer airbag 301, and the space between the outer airbag 301 and the inner airbag 302 is filled with self-replenishing fluid 303.

[0061] Compared with using only a single-row airbag, the two-row airbag 311 disposed on the upper and lower parts of the air support sub-component 31 of the present invention provides a larger force-bearing area, so the force on the airbag 311 can be more evenly distributed to more airbags 311, thereby reducing the force borne by each airbag 311; therefore, the present invention has a stronger supporting force, and the use of two rows of airbags under the folding bridge deck 1 can better disperse and bear the weight of pedestrians and vehicles on the folding bridge deck 1, thereby improving the overall stability of the bridge structure. Moreover, compared with the air support structure constructed by a single-layer airbag, the air support sub-component structure composed of two rows of airbags 311 has a smaller volume of a single airbag, so the difficulty of laying during emergency repairs will be reduced accordingly, improving the safety during the construction process and reducing the risk of injury to workers; and the two rows of airbags can provide more support points, so that the load can be more evenly distributed on the entire structure; to reduce the situation where a single point is subjected to excessive force, and improve the stability and durability of the structure. For situations where lateral loads need to be borne, two rows of airbags can provide additional support to reduce the risk of rollover; single row airbags lack sufficient support, causing the structure to be easily unstable when subjected to lateral loads; in addition, the design of two rows of airbags usually allows a larger adjustment range to adapt to loads of different sizes and directions; by adjusting the inflation pressure of the airbags, the support force and stiffness can be accurately controlled to meet the needs of different working conditions. Therefore, the two rows of airbags can cope with loads of different sizes and directions, improve the bearing capacity and adaptability of the bridge, and have a longer service life and lower maintenance costs. Therefore, in the long run, the design of two rows of airbags can reduce material costs. When it is used as a transportation channel or emergency repair channel at sea, it can be directly laid on the water surface and has good bearing capacity and stability. In addition, different concentrations of liquid can be filled into the bottom airbag; to adjust the center of gravity of the entire amphibious bridge, by filling the airbag 311 with a medium such as seawater, the center of gravity of the emergency repair bridge can be reduced, and the draft capacity of the entire amphibious bridge can be enhanced to improve its overall stability. In addition, as an expanded use, the amphibious bridge of the present invention can also be mounted on both ends of the river bank. Even when the bridge does not touch the water, it still has a good bearing capacity. The present invention can also be deployed at the gap of the original broken bridge. Since the bridge itself is relatively light, the present invention can be directly deployed at the broken or gap of the bridge by one or two helicopters to provide temporary passage for vehicles.

[0062] As attached Figure 3 , 15As shown in Figure 21, the prestressed assembly of the present invention includes a driving motor 51 fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the folding bridge plate 1, a torque sensor 52 installed on the transmission shaft of the driving motor 51 through a coupling, a rope winding shaft 53 installed on the torque sensor 52 through a coupling, and prestressed ropes 4 wound on the rope winding shaft 5 and matching the number of gas support sub-components 31, the other end of the rope winding shaft 5 is fixed to the other side of the bottom of the folding bridge plate 1 through a bearing seat; after the prestressed rope 4 is unfolded, it is arranged on the bottom surface of the corresponding gas support sub-component 31 and its active end is fixed to the bottom of the other end of the folding bridge plate 1. The material of the prestressed rope 4 is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber; ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber rope, as one of the three major high-performance fiber materials, is the fiber with the highest specific strength and specific modulus in the world. The single-filament strength and specific strength are 15 times that of high-quality steel wire, and its density is 0.97g / cm 3 , and has good impact resistance and excellent chemical stability.

[0063] Start the drive motor 51 to tighten each prestressed rope 4 to the preset tensile stress, so that the folding bridge deck and the gas support assembly in the unfolded state have the preset tensile stress under the tension of each prestressed rope; to increase the overall bearing capacity of the amphibious emergency bridge; the gas support assembly is light in weight, and can be reduced in size by deflating when not in use, and folded and stored; the folding bridge deck and the gas support assembly of the present invention occupy a small space, and can be stored by folding and other methods when the amphibious emergency bridge is not in use. They are light in weight and are very convenient to use as emergency bridges in emergency situations such as floods that cause damage to the original bridge. The lighter weight makes the present invention easier to set up on the road section to be repaired and the setting method is simple, such as using helicopters, cranes and other equipment for laying; in special sections where vehicles cannot enter, the present invention can even be laid manually.

[0064] As attached Figure 5 , 6As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the fixing mechanism 2 of the present invention comprises a fixing plate 21 and a connecting block 22 rotatably mounted on the top surfaces of both ends of the fixing plate 21; the connecting block 22 is in the shape of a long strip, and an end fixing mechanism 24 or an airbag fixing mechanism 25 is installed on the bottom surface of the fixing plate 21; the end fixing mechanisms 24 are correspondingly arranged on the bottom surfaces of both ends of the folding bridge plate 1; a plurality of the airbag fixing mechanisms 25 are arranged between the two end fixing mechanisms 24; connecting grooves 111 cooperating with the connecting blocks are respectively arranged on both sides of the folding bridge plate in the unfolded state; a latch groove 112 is arranged on the connecting groove 111; a latch is arranged on the connecting block 22 Through hole, rotate the connecting block 22 so that the connecting blocks 22 on both sides of the fixing plate 21 are respectively embedded in the connecting groove 111, the pin slot 112 is connected with the pin through hole and the fixing pin 23 is inserted; the matching of the connecting groove 111 and the connecting block 22 prevents the fixing mechanism from sliding relative to the bridge direction. At the same time, during installation, it is only necessary to rotate the connecting block 22 to embed it in the connecting groove 111, and insert the fixing pin 23 into the pin slot 112 through the pin through hole to achieve fixation. The fixing method is simple and fast and the connection is firm, so that the present invention can quickly assemble the fixing mechanism to achieve rapid assembly of the amphibious emergency bridge.

[0065] As attached Figure 8 , 9 As shown, the end fixing mechanism 24 of the present invention includes a gantry 241 fixed to the bottom of the fixing plate 21, a supporting cloth 242 installed at the bottom of both ends of the gantry 241, and a first anti-skid buffer pad 243 arranged between the gantry 241 and the airbag 311; the top plate of the gantry 241 and the first anti-skid buffer pad 243 are both continuously arranged tile-shaped plates that match the number of gas support sub-components 31, and the curvature of the tile-shaped plate matches the curvature of the airbag 311; the gantry 241 and the supporting cloth 242 cover the end of the gas support assembly 3; the first anti-skid buffer pad 243 is provided with a first block 244 on the top surface, and the first anti-skid bump 246 is provided on the bottom surface of the first anti-skid buffer pad 243; the bottom surface of the gantry 241 is provided with a first slot 245 that cooperates with the first block 244. The two ends of the gas support assembly are tightly fixed by two end fixing mechanisms 24, and the first clamping block 244 cooperates with the first clamping groove to fasten the first anti-skid buffer pad 243 and the portal frame 241. The first anti-skid protrusion of the first anti-skid pad increases the friction between the airbag, so that the gas support assembly and the portal frame 241 are reinforced and radial displacement is prevented. In this embodiment, the support cloth 242 is a fiber cloth.

[0066] As attached Figure 7 , 10As shown, the airbag fixing mechanism 25 of the present invention includes a first airbag fixing frame 251 fixed to the bottom of the fixing plate 21 and a second airbag fixing frame 252 with top surfaces at both ends connected to the bottom surfaces at both ends of the first airbag fixing frame 251; the first airbag fixing frame 251 and the second airbag fixing frame 252 are fixedly connected by bolts and nuts and then cover the air support assembly 3 to be firmly fixed; an upper second anti-skid buffer pad 253 is arranged between the first airbag fixing frame 251 and the air support assembly 3, and a lower second anti-skid buffer pad 254 is arranged between the second airbag fixing frame 252 and the air support assembly 3 to enhance the friction between the airbag 311 and prevent the displacement of the airbag; the top plate of the first airbag fixing frame 251, The bottom plate of the second airbag fixing frame 252, the upper second anti-skid buffer pad 253 and the lower second anti-skid buffer pad 254 are all continuously arranged tile-shaped plates that match the number of air support components 31, and the curvature of the tile-shaped plates matches the curvature of the airbag 311; second clamping blocks 255 are respectively arranged at intervals on the top surface of the upper second anti-skid buffer pad 253 and the bottom surface of the lower second anti-skid buffer pad 254, and second clamping grooves 256 that cooperate with the second clamping blocks 255 are respectively arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the first airbag fixing frame 251 and the top surface of the second airbag fixing frame 252; second anti-skid protrusions 257 are respectively arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the upper second anti-skid buffer pad 253 and the top surface of the lower second anti-skid buffer pad 254.

[0067] The two end fixing mechanisms 24 and the plurality of airbag fixing mechanisms 25 of the present invention connect the gas support assembly to the folding bridge deck. The gas support structure composed of multiple airbags supports the folding bridge deck, which greatly improves the overall bearing capacity and bending stiffness of the amphibious emergency bridge. The gas support assembly plays a buffering and protective role under the bridge deck, which can reduce the impact and vibration of the bridge deck during the passage process and protect the bridge deck from damage. At the same time, the unique buffer structure and airbag structure make the present invention also applicable to various environments such as earthquake disasters and flood disasters.

[0068] As attached Figure 1 , 3 As shown in , 7, and 11, the present invention has shock absorbers 6 detachably mounted on the bottom surfaces of both ends of the folding bridge plate 1 in the unfolded state by bolts; the shock absorber 6 includes two support sleeves 61 evenly mounted on each side of the bottom surface of the end of the folding bridge plate 1, support columns 62 with gaps fitted on the bottom of the support sleeves 61, square frames 63 fixedly mounted on the bottom surfaces of the four support columns 62, and springs 64 with gaps fitted on each support column 62; the springs 64 are located between the bottom surface of the support sleeves 61 and the top surface of the square frame 63. The shock absorber 6 of this embodiment is not limited to a spring shock absorber, but can also be a hydraulic shock absorber, a rubber isolator, a liquid damper or a friction damper in the prior art, and the specific structure is not repeated here.

[0069] During emergency repairs, the environment of the road section to be repaired is generally harsh, such as earthquakes, floods and other environments. After the emergency repair bridge is erected, it is affected by the vibration of the road surface, and the vibration of the bridge body is generally high; the shock absorber 6 can offset the vibration caused by the ground to a certain extent when the vibration occurs, so as to avoid vibration damage to the bridge. On the other hand, when the vehicle just drives on the end of the emergency repair bridge on land, due to the large deformation and the strong vibration of the bridge deck, it not only affects the stability of the vehicle driving, but also may cause the deformation and bending of the folding bridge board end. The shock absorber 6 reduces the deformation of the airbag and the vibration of the bridge deck when the car drives on the amphibious emergency bridge, and also avoids excessive bending deformation of the bridge deck. On the other hand, the fatigue damage of the amphibious emergency bridge can be reduced by the shock absorber: during the long-term use of the bridge, the bridge will vibrate due to the driving of the vehicle, and these vibrations will cause fatigue damage to the bridge structure. The application of the shock absorber can effectively reduce these vibrations, thereby extending the service life of the bridge. In addition, vibration dampers can reduce the stress level of the bridge structure under extreme conditions, protect the main components of the bridge from excessive stress, and ensure the structural safety of the bridge.

[0070] As attached Fig.12 , 13 As shown in Figures 14, the guide assembly of the present invention includes a C-shaped fixing groove 13 hinged at the end of the folding bridge plate 1, a guide plate 14 with one end installed in the C-shaped fixing groove 13, and an adjustment plate 141 installed on the guide plate 14; C-shaped guide grooves 142 are arranged opposite to each other on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the adjustment plate 141, and the guide plate 14 is inserted into the two C-shaped guide grooves 142 with a gap; adjustment holes A143 are evenly arranged on both sides of the guide plate 14, and adjustment holes B144 corresponding to the adjustment holes A143 are arranged on both sides of the guide plate 14 at intervals. After adjusting the guide plate 14 and the adjustment plate 141 to appropriate lengths, pins are installed in the corresponding adjustment holes on both sides to fix them.

[0071] The guide plate 14 is inserted into the adjustment plate 141 along the C-shaped guide groove 142, and the adjustment hole B144 corresponds to the adjustment hole A143 and a fixing pin is inserted to fix the guide plate and the adjustment plate 141. When the present invention is not put into use, the guide plate 14 and the adjustment plate 141 are removed and stored with the folded folding bridge deck 1. When the folding bridge deck 1 is unfolded and put into use, the guide plate 14 and the adjustment plate 141 are installed, and the position of the adjustment plate 141 is adjusted so that it can be extended to different lengths to meet the setting requirements of different scenes, without the need to configure different lengths of bridgehead approaches; and it is easy to install and configure, which reduces the layout and construction time of the amphibious emergency bridge.

[0072] As attached Fig.16 , 17As shown, two adjacent folding bridge plates 1 of the present invention are connected by several groups of Zhan-type hooks; the Zhan-type hooks include an active hook 91 and a passive hook 92, a groove 93 is provided on one side of the grid support 11, the active hook 91 is provided in the groove 93, and the passive hook 92 is provided on the corresponding side of the grid support 11 of the folding bridge plate 1 corresponding to the active hook 91. When the bridge width of one group of folding bridge plates 1 is insufficient, two groups of folding bridge plates 1 can be spliced ​​by the Zhan-type hooks to increase the bridge width. When there are multiple folding bridge plates, the adjacent folding bridge plates are fixedly connected by inserting each passive hook into the corresponding active hook; the Zhan-type hooks are self-locking. In order to improve the stability of the amphibious emergency bridge during splicing, when the folding bridge plates are horizontally spliced, the fixing mechanisms corresponding to the two adjacent folding bridge plates are fixed by rope tying or the like.

[0073] The active hook of the James hook (or the connecting hook, active part): This part of the coupler usually includes key components such as the hook tongue, locking pin and push pin. When the two folding bridge plates are close to each other, the hook tongue of the active hook will be hit and rotate, which will trigger the action of the locking pin and push pin to achieve automatic connection and locking of the lock hook. The active hook plays the role of actively initiating the connection during the connection process.

[0074] The passive hook of the James hook (or it can be called the receiving hook, passive part): corresponding to the active hook, the passive hook is the part that receives the connection request of the active hook; it usually also includes corresponding structures and components to cooperate with the hook tongue, locking pin, etc. of the active hook to complete the connection process; the passive hook is in a passive receiving state during the connection process.

[0075] The Zhan-type hook has the function of automatic connection and uncoupling. As long as the active hook and the passive hook are close to each other and lightly collide, they can automatically engage to form a firm connection. The connection between the two sets of folding bridge plates 1 can be completed without human assistance, which greatly improves the working efficiency and safety.

[0076] As attached Figure 1 , 18 As shown in Figures 22, a connecting deck 7 is detachably installed on the top surface of the hinged joint of two adjacent grid supports 11 of the present invention, and is usually bolted, that is, covering the connection of the two grid supports 11. Since the strength of the connection is weakened, after covering the connecting deck 7, the strength is increased and deformation is prevented, and the adjacent connecting decks 7 are abutted against each other; end decks 8 abutting against the connecting decks 7 are respectively arranged on the top surfaces of the grid supports 11 at both ends of the folding bridge plate 1; the connecting deck 7 in the present invention can enhance the rigidity and strength of the folding bridge plate at the bending part; at the same time, the connecting deck 7 and the end deck 8 together constitute the top deck of the amphibious emergency bridge, which improves the overall performance of the amphibious emergency bridge, and also improves the comfort of vehicles driving on the amphibious emergency bridge.

[0077] The self-replenishing fluid includes polymer compounds, thickeners, preservatives, antioxidants and mechanical substances. The polymer compound is the core component of the self-replenishing fluid, which has good viscosity, fluidity and sealing. Common polymer compounds include but are not limited to polyurethane, rubber compounds, etc.; the main function of the thickener is to increase the viscosity of the self-replenishing fluid so that it can better adhere to the inner wall of the airbag, thereby improving the leak repair effect. The thickener includes a variety of chemical substances that can enhance the viscosity of the liquid, and the specific ingredients are not described here. The addition of preservatives and antioxidants can extend the service life of the self-replenishing fluid and prevent it from deteriorating due to oxidation or microbial action during use. In addition, the self-replenishing fluid also includes mechanical substances such as short fiber filaments and rubber particles. In addition, the self-replenishing fluid also contains surfactants, stabilizers, etc. These additives can improve the fluidity, dispersibility and other properties of the self-replenishing fluid to further improve its leak repair effect. The present invention enables the airbag to have the ability to automatically repair when a leak occurs by filling the outer airbag and the inner airbag with self-replenishing fluid.

[0078] In order to further verify the bearing capacity of the amphibious emergency bridge, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to establish the finite element model of the amphibious emergency bridge of the present invention. Fig.23 The span of the amphibious emergency bridge is 30 meters, with simple supports at both ends. According to the General Specification for Design of Highway Bridges and Culverts (JTGD60-2015), the highway Class I load q k =10.5kN / m, P k = 320kN is applied to the amphibious emergency bridge. The vertical displacement of the emergency bridge is as follows: Fig.24 As shown in the figure, different displacement sizes are represented by different colors. The negative sign indicates the downward direction. The maximum displacement is located in the middle of the span (blue area), which is 0.117 meters downward. The stress cloud diagram is shown in Fig.25 As shown in the figure, different stress sizes are represented by different colors, E represents the power of 10, the maximum tensile stress (red airbag area) is 54MPa, and the maximum compressive stress (blue aluminum plate area) is 0.48MPa, both of which do not exceed the allowable stress of the material (the allowable stress of the airbag is 100MPa, and the allowable stress of the aluminum plate is 204MPa).

[0079] The folding bridge board of the present invention is suitable for various weather environments, is light in weight and has a strong bearing capacity, and is time-saving and labor-saving to lay.

[0080] Obviously, the present invention is only an example to clearly illustrate the present disclosure, and is not a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to list all the embodiments here. All obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amphibious emergency bridge, characterized in that: It comprises one or more folding bridge plates (1), A plurality of fixing mechanisms (2) are installed on the folding bridge plate (1) in the unfolded state, and guide components are arranged at both ends of the folding bridge plate (1); A gas support assembly (3) is detachably mounted on the bottom of each set of fixing mechanisms (2); a prestressed assembly is arranged on the gas support assembly (3); The folding bridge plate (1) comprises a plurality of hinged grid supports (11), and the rotation directions of the other grid supports (11) hinged at both ends of each grid support (11) are opposite.

2. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas support assembly (3) comprises a plurality of gas support sub-components (31) arranged along the bridge direction and parallel to each other, and the gas support sub-components (31) comprise two air bags (311) arranged at the upper and lower ends; two ends of the air bags (311) respectively correspond to two ends of the folding bridge plate (1) in the unfolded state; The fixing mechanism (2) comprises a fixing plate (21) and connecting blocks (22) rotatably mounted on the top surfaces of both ends of the fixing plate (21); An end fixing mechanism (24) or an air bag fixing mechanism (25) is installed on the bottom surface of the fixing plate (21); The end fixing mechanisms (24) are correspondingly arranged on the bottom surfaces of both ends of the folding bridge plate (1); A plurality of airbag fixing mechanisms (25) are arranged between the two end fixing mechanisms (24); Connecting through grooves (111) matching with the connecting blocks are respectively arranged on both sides of the folding bridge plate in the unfolded state; a latch groove (112) is arranged on the connecting through groove (111); a latch through hole is arranged on the connecting block (22); the connecting block (22) is rotated so that the connecting blocks (22) on both sides of the fixed plate (21) are respectively embedded in the connecting grooves (111), and the latch grooves (112) are communicated with the latch through hole and a fixed latch (23) is inserted.

3. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end fixing mechanism (24) comprises a gantry (241) fixed to the bottom of the fixing plate (21), a supporting cloth (242) installed at the bottom of both ends of the gantry (241), and a first anti-slip buffer pad (243) arranged between the gantry (241) and the airbag (311); The top plate of the portal frame (241) and the first anti-slip buffer pad (243) are both tile-shaped plates that are continuously arranged and match the number of the gas support sub-components (31), and the curvature of the tile-shaped plates matches the curvature of the airbag (311); The portal frame (241) and the supporting cloth (242) cover the end of the gas support assembly (3); A first clamping block (244) is arranged at intervals on the top surface of the first anti-skid buffer pad (243), and a first anti-skid protrusion (246) is arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the first anti-skid buffer pad (243); and a first clamping groove (245) cooperating with the first clamping block (244) is arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the portal frame (241).

4. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The airbag fixing mechanism (25) comprises a first airbag fixing frame (251) fixed to the bottom of the fixing plate (21) and a second airbag fixing frame (252) whose top surfaces at both ends are connected to the bottom surfaces at both ends of the first airbag fixing frame (251); the first airbag fixing frame (251) and the second airbag fixing frame (252) are fixedly connected by bolts and nuts and then cover the air support assembly (3); An upper second anti-skid buffer pad (253) is arranged between the first airbag fixing frame (251) and the air support assembly (3), and a lower second anti-skid buffer pad (254) is arranged between the second airbag fixing frame (252) and the air support assembly (3); The top plate of the first airbag fixing frame (251), the bottom plate of the second airbag fixing frame (252), the upper second anti-skid buffer pad (253) and the lower second anti-skid buffer pad (254) are all tile-shaped plates that are continuously arranged and match the number of gas support sub-components (31), and the curvature of the tile-shaped plates matches the curvature of the airbag (311); Second clamping blocks (255) are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the upper second anti-skid buffer pad (253) and the bottom surface of the lower second anti-skid buffer pad (254), and second clamping grooves (256) cooperating with the second clamping blocks (255) are arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the first airbag fixing frame (251) and the top surface of the second airbag fixing frame (252); and second anti-skid protrusions (257) are arranged at intervals on the bottom surface of the upper second anti-skid buffer pad (253) and the top surface of the lower second anti-skid buffer pad (254).

5. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: Shock absorbers (6) can be detachably installed on the bottom surfaces of both ends of the folding bridge plate (1) in the unfolded state; The shock absorber (6) comprises two support sleeves (61) evenly mounted on each side of the bottom surface of the end of the folding bridge plate (1), a support column (62) sleeved at the bottom of the support sleeve (61), a square frame (63) fixedly mounted on the bottom surfaces of the four support columns (62), and a spring (64) sleeved at each support column (62). The spring (64) is located between the bottom surface of the supporting sleeve (61) and the top surface of the square frame (63).

6. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide assembly comprises a C-shaped fixing groove (13) hinged at the end of the folding bridge plate (1), a guide plate (14) with one end mounted in the C-shaped fixing groove (13), and an adjustment plate (141) mounted on the guide plate (14); C-shaped guide grooves (142) are arranged on the bottom surfaces of both sides of the adjustment plate (141) facing each other, and the guide plate (14) is inserted into the two C-shaped guide grooves (142) with a gap; Adjustment holes A (143) are evenly spaced on both sides of the guide plate (14), and adjustment holes B (144) corresponding to the adjustment holes A (143) are spaced on both sides of the guide plate (14). After adjusting the guide plate (14) and the adjustment plate (141) to appropriate lengths, latches are installed in the corresponding adjustment holes on both sides to fix them.

7. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prestressed component comprises a driving motor (51) fixedly mounted on one side of the bottom of the folding bridge plate (1), a torque sensor (52) mounted on the transmission shaft of the driving motor (51) via a coupling, a rope winding shaft (53) mounted on the torque sensor (52) via a coupling, and prestressed ropes (4) wound on the rope winding shaft (5) and matching the number of gas support sub-components (31), wherein the other end of the rope winding shaft (5) is fixed to the other side of the bottom of the folding bridge plate (1) via a bearing seat; After the prestressed rope (4) is unfolded and arranged on the bottom surface of the corresponding air support sub-component (31), its movable end is fixed to the bottom of the other end of the folding bridge plate (1).

8. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two adjacent folding bridge plates (1) are connected by a plurality of groups of James hooks; the James hooks include active hooks (91) and passive hooks (92); A groove (93) is provided on one side of the grid support (11), an active hook (91) is provided in the groove (93), and a passive hook (92) is provided on the corresponding side of the grid support (11) of the folding bridge plate (1) corresponding to the active hook (91).

9. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting deck (7) is detachably mounted on the top surface of the hinged joint of two adjacent grid supports (11), and adjacent connecting decks (7) abut against each other; end decks (8) abutting against the connecting decks (7) are respectively arranged on the top surfaces of the grid supports (11) at both ends of the folding bridge plate (1).

10. The amphibious emergency bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The airbag (311) comprises an outer airbag (301) and an inner airbag (302) arranged inside the outer airbag (301), and a self-replenishing fluid (303) is filled between the outer airbag (301) and the inner airbag (302).

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