Directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range and application method

Abstract

The invention discloses a radiation dose rate range-adjustable directional radiation detection device and an application method, and the device comprises an environment-level measurement module for detecting radiation dose, an upper computer which is in communication connection with the measurement module through a communication module, and a shielding module which is provided with a detection window matched with a radiation source to be detected; the ray attenuation adjusting module is arranged in the shielding module and is in communication connection with the upper computer; and the power supply is electrically connected with the ray attenuation adjusting module, the measuring module and the communication module. According to the directional radiation detection device with the adjustable radiation dose rate range and the application method provided by the invention, a high-sensitivity environment-level radiation detection instrument is adopted, and radiation dose rate measurement in an ultra-large range with range coverage from low to high can be realized through the ray attenuation adjustment module according to measurement requirements. According to the measurement mode, under the condition that the sensitivity is ensured, the protection range can be ensured to meet the application requirement of the high-sensitivity radiation detector at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of nuclear radiation measurement, and more specifically, to a directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of nuclear energy and nuclear technology applications, radiation dose rate detection is an indispensable content, and the requirements for radiation detection instruments are getting higher and higher. According to the detector type, radiation detection instruments are divided into gas ionization type, scintillator type and semiconductor type. According to the measurement range, radiation detection instruments include environmental level and protection level. The environmental level has a small range and high sensitivity, while the protection level has a large range and low sensitivity. This makes it unable to meet the measurement needs of complex environments in actual applications. In the irradiation room, ultra-large doses (rates) of gamma rays are generally used for physical sterilization of food, medicine, etc. In order to ensure the accuracy of the sterilization dose, the irradiation dose needs to be measured.

[0003] Common existing measurement methods for irradiation sterilization include:

[0004] Biological measurement method: Use biological radiation receptors such as actinomycetes to sense radiation dose, measure the biological radiation dose, and calculate the irradiation dose based on it.

[0005] Physical measurement method: Use physical tools such as radiometers and dosimeters to directly measure radiation doses. However, as mentioned above, this physical tool cannot be directly applied in high-intensity radiation scenarios.

[0006] Chemical measurement method: Use dry chemicals, acid-base chemicals (such as ferrous sulfate dosimeters), etc. to measure radiation dose and calculate irradiation dose.

[0007] However, the chemical and biological measurement methods mentioned above cannot directly obtain measurement data, but need to be converted twice before obtaining the data. Therefore, the real-time performance is not high and the requirements for operators are higher. Summary of the invention

[0008] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0009] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages of the present invention, a directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range is provided, comprising an environmental level measurement module for detecting radiation dose, a host computer connected to the measurement module through a communication module, and further comprising:

[0010] A shielding module, on which a detection window matching the radiation source to be detected is provided;

[0011] A ray attenuation adjustment module is arranged in the shielding module and is connected to the host computer for communication;

[0012] A power supply electrically connected to the ray attenuation adjustment module, the measurement module, and the communication module;

[0013] Wherein, the measuring module, the communication module and the power supply are all arranged in the shielding module.

[0014] Preferably, the ray attenuation adjustment module includes:

[0015] A plurality of standard ray attenuation layers corresponding to the locations of the detection windows in space;

[0016] Multiple power mechanisms are respectively connected to the standard ray attenuation layers in a transmission manner to switch the number of standard ray attenuation layers at the location of the detection window;

[0017] A limiting mechanism for supporting and / or positioning each power mechanism and each standard ray attenuation layer;

[0018] Wherein, the size of the standard ray attenuation layer is configured to be larger than the size of the detection window.

[0019] Preferably, the power mechanism is configured to adopt a servo motor;

[0020] The power output shaft of the servo motor is transmission-connected to the top of the standard ray attenuation layer through a screw;

[0021] The bottom or both sides of the shielding module are provided with U-shaped sliding grooves for guiding the moving direction of the standard ray attenuation layer and limiting the rotation of the standard ray attenuation layer.

[0022] Preferably, the limiting mechanism is two sets of brackets arranged opposite to each other;

[0023] The spacing between the two sets of brackets is more than twice the length of the standard ray attenuation layer, and the height of the two sets of brackets is greater than the height of the standard ray attenuation layer, so that each standard ray attenuation layer can completely cover the detection window;

[0024] Both ends of the screw rod corresponding to each standard ray attenuation layer are passed through the bracket through matching bearings.

[0025] Preferably, the power mechanism is configured to adopt a hydraulic cylinder, and a power output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the top or one side of the standard ray attenuation layer.

[0026] An application method of a directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range, comprising:

[0027] S1. Place the radiation detection device in the radiation environment to be tested, align N radiation attenuation adjustment modules with the detection window, and align the detection window with the radiation source, and issue a control command through the host computer to turn on each component;

[0028] S2. Determine whether the measured value detected by the measurement module is within the range linear region of the measurement module through the following discriminant:

[0029] K1×Imax < Measured value < K2×Imax

[0030] In the above discriminant, Imax refers to the maximum range of the measurement module, and K1 and K2 are linear coefficients, and 0 < K1 < 0.5 < K2 < 1 to ensure that the measured value is as much as possible within the linear interval;

[0031] If the measured value is not within the linear interval, reduce one layer of the ray attenuation adjustment module and measure again until the measurement result is within the range linear region of the measurement module. Then, the remaining number of standard ray attenuation layers is denoted as n, and the reading is denoted as I n ;

[0032] S3. Reduce one more standard ray attenuation layer and measure, and record the measurement result as I n-1 ;

[0033] S4. The actual intensity I of the rays in the radiation environment to be measured 实际 is obtained through the following formula:

[0034] I 实际 = I n / (I n / I n-1 ) n .

[0035] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts an environmental radiation detection instrument with high sensitivity, and can achieve ultra-large range radiation dose rate measurement with range coverage from low to high through the ray attenuation adjustment module according to measurement needs. Compared with the prior art, its measurement method can ensure the protection range to meet the application requirements of the high-sensitivity radiation detector while ensuring the sensitivity, that is, the present invention can effectively increase the range of the radiation detection instrument by using the shielding method.

[0036] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description, and partially will be understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the directional radiation detection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ray attenuation adjustment module in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3The present invention is a flow chart of using a directional radiation detection device to complete a measurement of radiation environment dose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0041] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0042] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the term is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "Ⅰ" and "Ⅱ" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "mounted / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range, the structure of which is as follows Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, it includes an environmental level measurement module 1 for detecting radiation dose, the measurement module is electrically connected to the power supply and the communication module, and is composed of a highly sensitive detector, and its function is to measure the radiation dose (rate) passing through the radiation attenuation adjustment module according to the control command of the host computer, and transmit the measurement result back to the host computer;

[0046] The host computer 3 is connected to the measuring module 1 through the communication module 2. The communication module 2 includes a wired and / or wireless communication submodule, which is used to be electrically connected to the power supply 7 and the ray attenuation adjustment module 6, so as to transmit the control command of the host computer to the ray attenuation adjustment module, the measuring module and the power supply through wired and wireless communication, control each component to perform corresponding actions or receive corresponding measurement data, and upload their status and measurement data back to the host computer. The host computer is electrically connected to the communication module and is the control center of the radiation detection device. It can be composed of a high-performance desktop or laptop computer. Its function is to send control commands to other modules and receive status information through the communication module. The operator can realize automatic control of the device through the host computer, thereby realizing accurate management and real-time control of the radiation detection process;

[0047] Also includes:

[0048] A shielding module 4 is provided with a detection window 5 matched with the radiation source to be measured. The measurement module 1, the communication module 2, and the power supply 7 are all arranged in the shielding module 4, which is used to provide a protection and installation space, which can complete the integrated integration of the equipment, and can also provide necessary radiation protection for the ray attenuation adjustment module, the measurement module and the communication module inside it, so as to effectively reduce the impact of the electronic components of the high-energy ray module. The detection window is used to align with the radiation source in space to perform directional detection of its radiation dose;

[0049] The ray attenuation adjustment module 6 is arranged in the shielding module 4 and is connected to the host computer 3 for communication. It is used to achieve the purpose of range control by switching the number of standard ray attenuation layers. In practical applications, the ray attenuation adjustment module 6 includes:

[0050] A plurality of standard ray attenuation layers 7 corresponding to the positions of the detection windows 5 in space, the standard ray attenuation layer 7 is a flat plate structure composed of a lead layer or other high-composite radiation shielding material of a certain thickness, the standard degree of the plate can be freely set according to the measurement accuracy, the higher the accuracy, the smaller the thickness of the lead layer;

[0051] A plurality of power mechanisms 8 are respectively connected to the standard ray attenuation layers 7 for switching the number of standard ray attenuation layers at the detection window, and the number of standard ray attenuation layers 7 facing the detection window 5 is vertically lifted or horizontally reciprocated by the power mechanisms, so that the detection dose of the directional radiation detection device can be adjusted from low to high or from high to low;

[0052] A limiting mechanism 9 for supporting and / or positioning each power mechanism 8 and each standard ray attenuation layer 7;

[0053] The size of the standard ray attenuation layer is configured to be larger than the size of the detection window. In this structure,

[0054] A power source 7 electrically connected to the ray attenuation adjustment module 6, the measurement module 1 and the communication module 2, wherein the power source 6 adopts a rechargeable storage battery to provide a power source for these modules.

[0055] Working principle: In actual applications, the ray attenuation adjustment module is used to switch the pass rate of the ray path where the detection window is located, so that the detection range coverage of the directional radiation detection device can adjust the radiation dose rate in a very large range from low to high.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This embodiment 2 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and its specific structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the following improvements are disclosed based on Implementation 1:

[0058] The power mechanism is configured to adopt a servo motor;

[0059] The power output shaft of the servo motor is transmission-connected to the top of the standard ray attenuation layer through a screw rod 10;

[0060] The shielding module 4 is provided with a U-shaped slide groove 11 at the bottom or both sides to guide the movement direction of the standard ray attenuation layer 7 and limit the rotation of the standard ray attenuation layer 7. The U-shaped slide groove 11 is made of rigid stainless steel or other metal materials. The function of the U-shaped slide groove 11 is to carry the standard ray attenuation layer and prevent the standard ray attenuation layer from moving around the spiral transmission rod.

[0061] The limiting mechanism is two sets of brackets arranged opposite to each other, the brackets are made of rigid stainless steel or other metal materials, and their function is to fix and support the servo motor and the screw transmission rod;

[0062] The spacing between the two sets of brackets is more than twice the length of the standard ray attenuation layer, and the height of the two sets of brackets is greater than the height of the standard ray attenuation layer, so that each standard ray attenuation layer can completely cover the detection window;

[0063] Both ends of the screw rod 10 corresponding to each standard ray attenuation layer 7 are passed through the bracket through matching bearings (not shown).

[0064] Working principle: Figure 2 As shown, the ray attenuation adjustment module includes N identical standard ray attenuation layers 7, N servo motors, N screw transmission rods (referred to as screws 10), N U-shaped slide grooves 11 and two sets of brackets. Its main function is to expand the range of the measurement module by setting N standard ray attenuation layers on the path of the ray entering the measurement module through the detection window.

[0065] Taking horizontal reciprocating motion as an example, the top surface of the standard ray attenuation layer is connected to the threaded transmission rod, and the lower bottom surface is placed in a U-shaped slide groove to achieve the purpose of blocking or not blocking the rays. The servo motor is electrically connected to the power supply and communication module, and is mechanically connected to the spiral transmission rod. After receiving the control command of the upper computer, the servo motor drives the spiral transmission rod to rotate forward and reversely. The forward and reverse rotation of the spiral transmission rod drives the standard ray attenuation layer to move horizontally left and right, thereby achieving the purpose of blocking or not blocking the ray path, thereby completing the effect of switching the number of standard ray attenuation layers.

[0066] Similarly, according to the needs of the actual application scenario, the standard ray attenuation layer can also be moved vertically back and forth in the shielding module to achieve the purpose of blocking or not blocking the ray path, thereby completing the effect of switching the number of standard ray attenuation layers.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment 3 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which discloses the following improvements based on the embodiment 2:

[0069] The power mechanism is configured to adopt a hydraulic cylinder, and the power output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the top or one side of the standard ray attenuation layer.

[0070] Working principle: According to different usage scenarios, the hydraulic cylinder can be set on the inner wall or the inner side of the top surface of the shielding module. According to the size of the detection window, a standard ray attenuation layer can be driven by one hydraulic cylinder or by more than two hydraulic cylinders to complete horizontal or vertical reciprocating motion. In order to achieve the purpose of sealing and blocking rays, a matching U-shaped slide groove can be set on the inner wall of the shielding module, which can be used to guide the reciprocating motion of the standard ray attenuation layer, and can also be prevented from passing through the joint or refracting into the shielding module through an overlapped and staggered design.

[0071] The working principle of the directional radiation detection device in the present invention that can achieve adjustable detection radiation dose rate range is:

[0072] When a ray penetrates an object, part of the energy is absorbed, part of the energy is scattered and weakened, and its intensity decays. The attenuation of the ray intensity (characterized by the radiation dose rate) is related to the properties and thickness of the absorber (the object on which the ray is incident) and the energy of the incident photon. For a beam of ray in a uniform medium, the relationship between the attenuation of the intensity and the incident ray intensity and the thickness of the object penetrated is shown in Formula 1.

[0073] I=I o e -μX (1)

[0074] Where: I ois the incident ray intensity; I is the transmitted ray intensity; X is the absorber thickness; μ is the linear attenuation coefficient (usually in cm -1 ).

[0075] The radiation environment dose (rate) is measured using a radiation detection device. When a certain ray passes through the nth (1≤n≤N) standard ray attenuation layer with a thickness of L, if the ray incident intensity is I n and the emission intensity is I n-1 , the linear attenuation coefficient is μ, and the relationship can be obtained from formula (1) as follows:

[0076] I n-1 =I n *e -μL (2)

[0077] The attenuation factor T1 of the nth standard ray attenuation layer is calculated as follows:

[0078] T1=I n-1 / I n =e -μL =A(3)

[0079] Where A is the attenuation factor of a standard ray attenuation layer on the ray, which can be obtained by measuring the incident intensity and the exiting intensity of the ray passing through a single standard ray attenuation layer;

[0080] If the ray continues to pass through the n-1th standard ray attenuation layer, the ray exit intensity I n-2 The calculated relationship is as follows:

[0081] I n-2 =I n-1 *e -μL (4)

[0082] The calculation formula for the attenuation multiple T2 of the n-1th standard ray attenuation layer to the ray is as follows:

[0083] T2=I n-2 / I n-1 =e -μL =A(5)

[0084] Then the calculation formula for the attenuation multiple T of the ray passing through the nth and n-1th standard ray attenuation layers is as follows:

[0085] T=I n-2 / I n =(I n-2 / I n-1 )*(I n-1 / I n )=T1*T2=A 2 (6)

[0086] As can be seen from the above, when the attenuation multiple of the ray passing completely through n standard ray attenuation layers is calculated as follows:

[0087] T = I0 / I n = A n (7)

[0088] Therefore, when the ray intensity actually measured by the measurement module of the radiation detection device is the attenuated outgoing intensity I0, to obtain the actual intensity I of the ray 实际 , it must be divided by the attenuation multiple, and the calculation is as follows:

[0089] I 实际 = I0 / A n (8)

[0090] The radiation dose D can be obtained by integrating the radiation dose rate I0 over time.

[0091] In the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the steps for completing a measurement of the dose (rate) of the measurement radiation environment by using a directional radiation detection device are as follows:

[0092] 1. Power on: Place the radiation detection device in the radiation environment to be measured, align all N ray attenuation adjustment modules with the detection window, and align the detection window with the radiation source. Send a control command through the host computer to make all components in the power-on state.

[0093] 2. Measurement: Determine whether the measured value detected by the measurement module is within the linear range of the measurement module's range through the following discriminant:

[0094] K1 × Imax < measured value < K2 × Imax

[0095] In the above discriminant, Imax refers to the maximum range of the measurement module, and K1 and K2 are linear coefficients, and 0 < K1 < 0.5 < K2 < 1, which are used to ensure that the measured value is as much as possible within the linear range;

[0096] If the measured value is not within the linear range, reduce one layer of the ray attenuation adjustment module (that is, adjust the ray transmittance by reducing the number of standard ray attenuation layers) and measure again until the measurement result is within the linear range of the measurement module's range. Then, the number of remaining standard ray attenuation layers is denoted as n, and the reading is denoted as I n .

[0097] 3. Calibration: Reduce one more standard ray attenuation layer and measure, and record the measurement result as I n-1 .

[0098] 4. Calculation: The actual intensity I of the ray 实际 = I n / (I n / In-1 ) n .

[0099] It can be known from the above measurement method that in the actual application of this patent, by setting N shielding lead layers of the same material, size (which can be set according to the size of the detection window) and thickness (which can be set to 1mm, 2mm or larger as needed), when the irradiation dose exceeds the measuring range of the measuring instrument, by setting N standard ray attenuation layers at the front end of the measuring instrument, it is ensured that the measuring instrument will not be damaged. By checking whether the measuring instrument can measure data, it is determined whether the number of standard ray attenuation layers needs to be adjusted. If there is a reading, it is determined whether the measured value detected by the measurement module is in a predetermined linear interval. If the measured value is close to the end value of the linear interval, it is adjusted by reducing or increasing the number of standard ray attenuation layers so that the measured value approaches the middle interval, and the current standard ray attenuation layer is adjusted to the predetermined linear interval. The number of linear attenuation layers is reduced, and a standard ray attenuation layer is reduced and measured to obtain the attenuation multiple A of a single standard ray attenuation layer under different radiation sources by inverse calculation, and the calibration operation of a single standard ray attenuation layer under different radiation source irradiation conditions is completed. After calibration, the actual dose rate of the radiation field can be calculated by Iactual=I0 / An through the current emission intensity I0 read from the measurement module, and then the actual dose is calculated. The entire calculation process is calculated by a remote host computer. Compared with the prior art, this solution can directly apply the existing measuring instrument to high-dose radiation measurement scenarios. Its measurement accuracy and sensitivity are better than those of biological and chemical methods. At the same time, its later intensity value does not need to be converted twice, which is simpler and easier to operate.

[0100] The above solution is only an illustration of a preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto. When implementing the present invention, appropriate replacement and / or modification can be performed according to user needs.

[0101] The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0102] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described here.

Claims

1. A directional radiation detection device with an adjustable radiation dose rate range, comprising an environmental level measurement module for detecting radiation dose, and a host computer connected to the measurement module through a communication module, characterized in that: It further includes: A shielding module, on which a detection window matching the radiation source to be measured is provided; A ray attenuation adjustment module disposed within the shielding module and communicatively connected to the host computer; A power supply electrically connected to the ray attenuation adjustment module, the measurement module, and the communication module; Wherein, the measurement module, the communication module, and the power supply are all disposed within the shielding module.

2. The directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ray attenuation adjustment module includes: Multiple standard ray attenuation layers spatially corresponding to the position of the detection window; Multiple power mechanisms respectively drivingly connected to the standard ray attenuation layers to switch the number of standard ray attenuation layers at the position of the detection window; A limiting mechanism for supporting and / or positioning each power mechanism and each standard ray attenuation layer; Wherein, the size of the standard ray attenuation layer is configured to be larger than the size of the detection window.

3. The directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The power mechanism is configured to use a servo motor; The power output shaft of the servo motor is drivingly connected to the top end of the standard ray attenuation layer through a screw; U-shaped sliding grooves for guiding the movement direction of the standard ray attenuation layer and restricting the rotation of the standard ray attenuation layer are provided at the bottom or both sides of the shielding module.

4. The directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism is two groups of brackets arranged oppositely; Wherein, the distance between the two groups of brackets is more than twice the length of the standard ray attenuation layer, and the height of the two groups of brackets is greater than the height of the standard ray attenuation layer, so that each standard ray attenuation layer can completely cover the detection window; Both ends of the screw corresponding to each standard ray attenuation layer are passed through the brackets through matching bearings.

5. The directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism is configured to use a hydraulic cylinder, and the power output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the top or one side edge of the standard ray attenuation layer.

6. An application method of the directional radiation detection device with adjustable radiation dose rate range as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes: S1. Place the radiation detection device in the radiation environment to be measured, align all N ray attenuation adjustment modules with the detection window, and align the detection window with the radiation source. Send a control command through the host computer to turn on all components; S2. Determine whether the measured value detected by the measurement module is within the linear range of the measurement range of the measurement module through the following discriminant: K1×Imax < measured value < K2×Imax In the above discriminant, Imax refers to the maximum range of the measurement module, K1 and K2 are linear coefficients, and 0 < K1 < 0.5 < K2 < 1 to ensure that the measured value is as much as possible within the linear range; If the measured value is not within the linear range, reduce one layer of ray attenuation adjustment module and measure again until the measurement result is within the linear range of the measurement module. The number of remaining standard ray attenuation layers is recorded as n, and the reading is recorded as I. n ; S3, reduce one more standard ray attenuation layer and measure it, and record the measurement result as I n-1 ; S4. The actual intensity of the radiation in the radiation environment to be measured I 实际 Obtained by the following formula: I 实际 =I n / (I n / I n-1 ) n 。

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