Quick-heating and quick-cooling dry-method decoating process for deep-grain walnut kernels

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep-grain walnut kernel quick-heating quick-cooling dry-method coating removing process which comprises the following steps: (1) a quick-heating stage: dry walnut kernels enter a feeding hopper of a quick-heating shoveling plate machine, are uniformly mixed with high-temperature quartz sand under the operation of a shoveling plate, and are conveyed to a discharging table; (2) a rapid cooling stage: the rapidly heated walnut kernels enter a rapid cooling shoveling machine, are uniformly mixed with low-temperature quartz sand under the operation of a shoveling plate, and are conveyed to a discharging table; (3) kernel and coat separation: the walnut kernels enter a feeding tray and enter an air pump brush machine, and the walnut kernels and the coat are preliminarily separated under the action of pulse airflow and a brush; and (4) kernel and coat sorting: finally conveying the walnut kernels by a conveyor belt, and enabling kernel coat residues to enter a residue discharge channel through a fan. After the technological process is adopted, the peeling efficiency of the walnut kernels in the current market can be improved, no chemical agent needs to be added, the production cost is saved, meanwhile, the fragrance and nutrition of the walnuts are not damaged, the industrial economy is further improved, and the bottleneck of rapid development of the walnut kernel industry is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, relates to walnut kernel processing technology, and mainly discloses a coating removal process for deep-grained walnut kernels by a rapid heating and cooling drying method. Background Art

[0002] As people pay more attention to functional foods, walnut kernels without coating are favored because of their purity and high nutritional value. As a healthy snack, the market demand is growing. At present, the process of walnut kernel stripping is relatively backward in walnut processing technology. Manual peeling, chemical stripping, steam stripping and ice water soaking are usually used. The manual peeling method is to use hand peeling, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and inefficient and not suitable for large-scale production. The chemical stripping method uses a liquid with a certain corrosive effect to soak the walnut kernel, dissolve the walnut kernel coating, and then wash it away with high-pressure water. The stripping efficiency is high but the cost is also relatively high and the taste and nutrition of the walnut kernel are damaged. The steam stripping method uses steam to strip the walnut kernel, and this method is relatively expensive, and the original fragrance and nutrition of the walnut are destroyed due to the excessively high steam temperature. The current ice water soaking method also has many disadvantages, such as the increase of walnut kernel moisture after soaking, which increases the difficulty and cost of the subsequent drying process, reduces the efficiency, and the endothelial residual rate is high. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a deep-grained walnut kernel rapid heating and rapid cooling dry method to remove the coating process, so as to improve the peeling efficiency, save costs and not destroy the fragrance and nutrition of the walnuts, and no need to add any agents during the peeling process to maintain the flavor and taste of the walnuts themselves. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep-grained walnut kernel rapid heating and rapid cooling dry method coating removal process, so as to improve the peeling efficiency, save costs and do not destroy the fragrance and nutrition of the walnuts. No medicine needs to be added during the peeling process, and the flavor and taste of the walnut kernel itself are maintained.

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A walnut kernel rapid heating and rapid cooling coating removal process, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) The shelled dry deep-grained walnut kernels are fed into the feed port of the rapid heating copying machine at a certain rate, and are mixed evenly with the quartz sand that has been heated to a high temperature under the action of the copying machine flipping. The contact during the stirring process can achieve a rapid heating effect, and then the kernels are fed into the discharging table and continue to be transported through a sieve conveyor belt;

[0007] (2) The walnut kernels after rapid heating are fed into the rapid cooling board copying machine at a certain rate through the feeding elevator. They are also mixed evenly with the quartz sand which has been cooled to a low temperature under the action of the copying machine. The rapid cooling effect can be achieved during the stirring process. The walnut kernels are then fed into the discharging platform and transported through the sieve conveyor belt.

[0008] (3) The processed walnut kernels enter the loading tray through the material elevator, and then enter the air pump brush machine in turn. The machine uses the centrifugal air pump below to deliver room temperature air flow into the separation air valve air flow rack to blow the outer coating of the walnut kernels. The separation drum continues to operate and cooperates with the soft brush above to clean the residual kernel skin;

[0009] (4) Finally, the walnut kernels enter a 1-2 meter conveyor belt with a speed of 0.01-0.03 m / s. The 100W separation induced draft fan above sucks the walnut kernel skin residue into the residue suction channel and collects it separately. The remaining intact walnut kernels are then collected and retained by the conveyor belt.

[0010] Furthermore, the machines for the quick heating and cooling parts are equipped with the same material elevator and scraper elevator, and the quartz sand in both parts can be transported by the scraper elevator for continuous recycling. The quartz sand is heated by an electric heating wire, and a PID controller is used at the same time to adjust the heating or cooling power according to the sensor feedback to maintain a certain temperature set by the system.

[0011] Furthermore, the rapid heating copy machine in steps (1) and (2) maintains the temperature of the quartz sand at 55 to 150°C by heating with electric heating wires, and the rapid cooling copy machine maintains the temperature at -10 to 10°C by cooling with an air compressor. Since the thermal conductivity of quartz sand is much greater than that of air, quartz sand is preferably used as the medium for conduction in this process.

[0012] Furthermore, the separation gas valve device is supported by a separation gas flow frame, and the main gas pump provides room temperature gas to the gas duct, which is then transported to the separation gas valve head by the separation gas valve. The power of the gas valve is 220W-330W, and the output gas pressure is controlled at 0.5-1.0MPa.

[0013] The air pump brush machine has a body on the separation drum that is evenly spaced and arranged with fine brushes corresponding to the upper air valve device, and the air valves alternately spray air to ensure that gas rushes through each direction of the drum during the separation process; adjacent upper air valve gun heads and brushes in the same row are connected by an electrical control valve; the electrical control valves of the upper air valve gun heads and brushes in two adjacent rows are in different directions.

[0014] The induced draft fan is arranged on the outside of the machine body, and the controller is arranged on the outer surface of the machine body to control the input and output of the machine body. A stainless steel collision plate shell is arranged on the upper plane of the machine body, and induced draft air intake holes and an upper jet gun head are arranged on the stainless steel collision plate at uniform intervals in the horizontal direction. The induced draft air intake holes are connected to the input end of the induced draft fan, and filters are radially installed in the induced draft air intake holes; material conveyor belts are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction below the stainless steel collision plate shell, and the conveyor belts are driven by a transmission wheel and supported by a bearing chain; the air compressor conveys gas to the jet gun head through a gas conveying pipe and a common valve, and the common valve is used to control the amount of gas conveyed in the jet gun head.

[0015] The principle of the invention is: using quartz sand to quickly conduct heat and cold to dry walnuts, so as to achieve the effect of rapid cooling and rapid heating. Then, an air pump valve and a washing brush are used to separate the kernel and the skin, and then the fruit and the skin residue are separated, so as to achieve the effect of environmental protection and high efficiency.

[0016] The present invention adopts a method suitable for the physical properties of walnut kernels to carry out a rapid heating and cooling dry method for removing the coating, thereby solving the problems of complex operation, high cost and low efficiency of the current walnut kernel removal. The products processed by the process not only improve the production efficiency, but also effectively improve the added value of the products.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention sequentially performs the operations of rapid heating stage, rapid cooling stage, kernel-coating separation, and kernel-coating sorting on walnuts, and the epidermis is initially separated from the walnut kernels through the rapid heating and rapid cooling operations to make them brittle. Quartz sand can be reused through a scraper elevator, which greatly saves operation time and process use costs. No chemical agent and steam need to be added during the stripping process, which saves the cost of agents and water resources, and the original fragrance and nutrition of the walnuts can be retained while improving the stripping efficiency. After stripping, the walnut kernels are collected separately from the outer coating to achieve an environmentally friendly effect, and the green clothing attached to the surface of the walnut kernels is washed off in a tumbling water body. In addition, the walnut kernels are air-dried during the transportation process. The stripping efficiency of the walnut kernels is significantly improved and the production cost is saved through the above stripping method.

[0019] By adopting the existing technology, the quality, processing efficiency and quality of the selected walnut kernels can be effectively improved; the method of the present invention can be operated continuously, with a short production cycle and high efficiency, suitable for factory workshop operation, and high feasibility. Compared with the traditional method of removing walnut seed skin, this method is slightly more expensive and is particularly suitable for the processing and production of high-quality walnut kernels. At the same time, the deep processing technology of the production line can be effectively improved, further solving the key problems of the industry development. Therefore, this technology is highly practical and has more promotion value, which is of great significance to the transformation and upgrading of the walnut and even food processing industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the production line of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a process production line according to an example of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Among them, 1-scraper elevator, 2-fast hot board copying machine, 3-screen discharge table, 4-feeding elevator, 5-fast cold board copying machine, 6-scraper elevator, 7-screen discharge table, 8-loading tray, 9-air pump brush machine, 10-separation air valve device, 11-exhaust duct, 12-material conveyor belt, 13-skin residue collection box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Pour 3kg of quartz sand into the rapid hot board copying machine and the rapid cold board copying machine respectively, then turn on the heating and cooling devices of the board copying machine, use the PID controller to adjust the heating or cooling power according to the sensor feedback, and keep the quartz sand of the rapid hot and cold devices at 120℃ and 0℃. Then add the deep-grained walnut kernels to the rapid hot board copying machine in turn. The walnut kernels are fully mixed with the quartz sand under the rotation of the board copying cage. The board copying cage rotates slowly, and the time for the cage to rotate one circle is 8s. The walnut kernels are transported to the 0.2m / s 2mm aperture sieve plate conveyor belt, and sent to the next process through the feeding elevator; the walnut kernels entering the rapid cold board copying machine are fully mixed with the quartz sand under the rotation of the board copying cage. The board copying cage rotates slowly, and the time for the cage to rotate one circle is 8s. The walnut kernels are transported to the 0.2m / s 2mm aperture sieve plate conveyor belt, and sent to the next process through the feeding elevator; the walnut kernels entering the rapid cold board copying machine are fully mixed with the quartz sand under the rotation of the board copying cage. The board copying cage rotates slowly, and the time for the cage to rotate one circle is 8s. The 2mm aperture sieve plate conveyor belt is fed into the loading tray with an inclination of 45° through the feeding elevator to enter the next process; the next device uses a 300W air pump to transport room temperature air to the separation airflow rack, and introduces it into the separation air valve through the upper and lower gas pipelines. The gas pressure output by the valve head is controlled to be 0.5mpa. The electrical control valve controls five groups of brushes for cleaning, with a swing amplitude of 20°. The diameter of the internal motor-driven roller machine is selected to be 20mm, the speed is 100r / min, and the inclination angle is set to 10°. Through the roller structure, each walnut kernel and the swept skin residue are sent to the conveyor belt of the next mechanism in turn, and enter the 1-meter conveyor belt with a speed of 0.01m / s. The 100W separation induced draft fan above sucks the walnut kernel skin residue into the suction channel and collects it separately. The remaining complete walnut kernels are then collected by the conveyor belt into the kernel collection box.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] Pour 5kg of quartz sand into the rapid hot board copying machine and the rapid cold board copying machine respectively, then turn on the heating and cooling devices of the board copying machine, use the PID controller to adjust the heating or cooling power according to the sensor feedback, and keep the quartz sand of the rapid hot and cold devices at 150℃ and -10℃. Then add the deep-grained walnut kernels to the rapid hot board copying machine in turn. The walnut kernels are fully mixed with the quartz sand under the rotation of the board copying cage. The board copying cage rotates slowly, and the time for the cage to rotate one circle is 8s. The walnut kernels are transported to the 0.1m / s 3mm aperture sieve plate conveyor belt, and sent to the next process through the feeding elevator; the walnut kernels entering the rapid cold board copying machine are fully mixed with the quartz sand under the rotation of the board copying cage. The board copying cage rotates slowly, and the time for the cage to rotate one circle is 8s. The walnut kernels are transported to the 0.1m / s 3mm aperture sieve plate conveyor belt, and sent to the next process through the feeding elevator; the walnut kernels entering the rapid cold board copying machine are fully mixed with the quartz sand under the rotation of the board copying cage. The board copying cage rotates slowly, and the time for the cage to rotate one circle is 8s. The 3mm aperture sieve plate conveyor belt is fed into the feeding tray with an inclination of 45° through the feeding elevator to enter the next process; the next device uses a 450W air pump to transport room temperature air to the separation airflow rack, and introduces it into the separation air valve through the upper and lower gas pipelines. The gas pressure output by the valve head is controlled to be 0.8mpa. The electrical control valve controls five groups of brushes for cleaning, with a swing amplitude of 30°. The diameter of the internal motor-driven roller machine is selected to be 20mm, the speed is 100r / min, and the inclination angle is set to 15°. Through the roller structure, each walnut kernel and the swept skin residue are sent to the conveyor belt of the next mechanism in turn, and enter the 1-meter conveyor belt with a speed of 0.03m / s. The 150W separation induced draft fan above sucks the walnut kernel skin residue into the suction channel and collects it separately. The remaining complete walnut kernels are then collected by the conveyor belt into the kernel collection box.

[0029] The walnut kernels produced by the process meet national standards or industry standards.

[0030] The "embodiment" and the like mentioned in this specification refer to the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The same expression appearing in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Further, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is claimed that the realization of such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0031] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise many other modifications and implementations that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, within the scope of the present disclosure, drawings, and claims, a variety of variations and modifications may be made to the components or layout of the subject combination layout. In addition to variations and modifications made to the components or layout, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A rapid heating and cooling drying method for removing coating from deep-grained walnut kernels, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Rapid heating stage: The dried walnut kernels after shelling are fed into the rapid heating copying machine at a certain speed and mixed evenly with the quartz sand maintained at a certain high temperature after heating. Under the operation of the copying machine, the walnut kernels and quartz sand are transported to the discharge table, and the dried walnut kernels are fed into the next machine through the feeding elevator; (2) Rapid cooling stage: The walnut kernels arrive at the rapid cooling copy board machine, where the rapidly heated walnut kernels are evenly mixed with the low-temperature quartz sand. Under the operation of the copy board, the walnut kernels and quartz sand are transported to the discharge platform, and the walnut kernels pass through the feeding elevator and enter the loading tray; (3) Kernel-shell separation: The walnut kernels are delivered to the air pump brush machine and pass through the separation drum. The air pump outputs airflow, which enters the separation air valve through the air flow pipe to crack the walnut kernel skin, and then is swept away by the brush machine operating above; (4) Kernel and skin separation: The walnut kernels and the fallen skins are transported to the rear conveyor belt. Under the transportation of the conveyor belt, the rear centrifugal fan sucks the fallen skins into the rear slag collection channel, and the walnut kernels continue to be transported and collected by the conveyor belt.

2. The deep-grained walnut kernel rapid heating and rapid cooling and drying method for removing coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step (1), the quick-heated quartz sand needs to be maintained at 75-150° C. in advance.

3. The deep-grained walnut kernel rapid heating and rapid cooling and drying method for removing coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step (1), all the quartz sand is recycled through the scraper elevator, and the quartz sand is heated by an electric heating wire. A PID controller (proportional-integral-differential controller) is used to adjust the heating power according to sensor feedback to maintain a set high temperature.

4. The deep-grained walnut kernel rapid heating and rapid cooling and drying method for removing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the quick-cooling part of the quartz sand needs to be maintained at -10 to 10°C in advance.

5. The rapid heating and cooling drying method for removing coating of deep-grained walnut kernels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step (2), all the quartz sand is recycled through the scraper elevator, and the quartz sand is cooled by an air compressor. A PID controller is used to adjust the cooling power according to sensor feedback to maintain a set low temperature.

6. The rapid heating and cooling drying method for removing coating from deep-grained walnut kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walnut kernels in steps (1) and (2) are all transported by the same feeding elevator, and the lifting speed of the machine conveyor belt is 0.1-0.3m / s.

7. The rapid heating and cooling drying method for removing coating from deep-grained walnut kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge table in steps (1) and (2) is required to use a flat polyester screen, which is tilted at an angle of 10-20°. The screen has a screen aperture of 0.5-2.5 mm to filter quartz sand.

8. The rapid heating and cooling drying method for removing coating from deep-grained walnut kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), a 220V AC centrifugal air pump is used, and the interior is cleaned with five rows and three columns of flat-head soft-bristle brushes.

9. The rapid heating and cooling drying method for removing coating from deep-grained walnut kernels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the recovery conveyor belt is 1-2 meters long, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt is 0.01-0.03 m / s, and the airflow pressure generated by the centrifugal fan is 0.4-0.5 MPa.

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