Method, system and equipment for measuring wall thickness of single crystal blade and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a method, system and equipment for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade and a storage medium, and relates to the field of ultrasonic measurement, and the method comprises the steps: mapping an echo parameter of a to-be-measured region of the to-be-measured single crystal blade to a polar coordinate, obtaining an acoustic characteristic image of the to-be-measured region, extracting a curve of an echo amplitude attenuation rate of the to-be-measured region from the acoustic characteristic image, and calculating the wall thickness of the to-be-measured region; an incidence angle corresponding to a preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate is substituted into a preset sound velocity solving formula, the ultrasonic propagation sound velocity of the ultrasonic to-be-measured area is obtained, and calculation parameters in the preset sound velocity solving formula are determined based on fitting of all the comparison samples. The cutting angle of each contrast sample piece covers the surface angle of each to-be-detected area of the to-be-detected single crystal blade, and the wall thickness of the to-be-detected area is determined according to the product of the propagation sound velocity and the propagation time. According to the invention, parameter calibration of the preset sound velocity solution formula is realized based on the comparison samples, the precision of the measured propagation sound velocity is improved, and the measurement precision of the single crystal blade wall thickness is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ultrasonic measurement technology, and in particular to a method, system, device and storage medium for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade. Background Art

[0002] Single crystal blades refer to aircraft engine blades made of single crystal materials. In order to reduce the weight of aircraft engines, single crystal blades usually adopt a hollow structure, so the wall thickness of the blade becomes an important parameter to ensure the strength of the single crystal blade.

[0003] Since the blades cannot be cut after they are manufactured, the existing technologies mostly use ultrasonic thickness measurement technology to collect the wall thickness of the blades. However, the premise for ultrasonic thickness measurement technology to ensure measurement accuracy is that the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the material remains constant, and single crystal materials have anisotropic properties, that is, the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in single crystal materials fluctuates greatly with different propagation directions. In addition, due to the large variation in the angle of the blade surface, the propagation direction of ultrasonic waves in single crystal blades changes frequently, resulting in a large error in the propagation speed when the ultrasonic wave irradiates the single crystal blade at different incident angles, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy of the single crystal blade wall thickness measurement based on the propagation speed at each incident angle. Therefore, how to improve the measurement accuracy of the wall thickness of single crystal blades has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a method, system, device and storage medium for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the measurement accuracy of the wall thickness of a single crystal blade. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0005] A first aspect of the present application provides a method for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade, comprising:

[0006] Performing ultrasonic polar scanning on the test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested to obtain echo parameters of the test area, wherein the echo parameters include echo amplitude parameters at each incident angle, and the echo amplitude parameters include each azimuth angle and its corresponding echo amplitude;

[0007] Mapping the echo parameters to polar coordinates to obtain an acoustic characteristic image of the area to be measured, and extracting a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the area to be measured based on the acoustic characteristic image, wherein the echo amplitude attenuation rate is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the echo amplitude at different azimuth angles of the incident angle;

[0008] The incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate is determined as the equivalent incident angle, and the equivalent incident angle is substituted into the preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation sound speed of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be tested, wherein the calculation parameters in the preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested, the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each area to be tested of the single crystal blade to be tested, and the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample;

[0009] The wall thickness of the area to be measured is determined according to the product of the propagation sound velocity and the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be measured.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the process of obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula includes:

[0011] Determine the cutting angle of the comparison sample corresponding to the test area based on the surface angle of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and perform equal thickness cutting on a test piece made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested based on the cutting angle to obtain each comparison sample;

[0012] For each of the comparison samples: performing the ultrasonic polar scanning on the comparison sample to obtain the echo parameters of the comparison sample; mapping the echo parameters of the comparison sample to polar coordinates to obtain the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample, and extracting the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the comparison sample based on the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample;

[0013] Determine the echo amplitude attenuation rate common in the monotonically decreasing portion of the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each of the comparison samples as the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate; determine the equivalent incident angle of each of the comparison samples based on the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate;

[0014] The measured sound velocity V of each comparison sample is i and the equivalent incident angle θ i Substitute the initial sound speed into the solution formula:

[0015] V i = k × θ i +c,

[0016] The initial sound speed solution formula after substitution is fitted to obtain the first calculation parameter k and the second calculation parameter c, thereby obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula, wherein i is the serial number of the comparison sample.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the polar diameter of the acoustic characteristic image represents the incident angle, the polar angle of the acoustic characteristic image represents the azimuth angle, and the grayscale value of the acoustic characteristic image represents the intensity of the echo amplitude.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the cutting angle is the angle between the cutting surface of the comparison sample and the normal line of the side wall of the comparison sample.

[0019] A second aspect of the present application provides a system for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade, comprising:

[0020] A parameter acquisition module, used for performing ultrasonic polar scanning on the test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and obtaining echo parameters of the test area, wherein the echo parameters include echo amplitude parameters at various incident angles, and the echo amplitude parameters include various azimuth angles and their corresponding echo amplitudes;

[0021] An image generation module, used for mapping the echo parameters to polar coordinates, obtaining an acoustic characteristic image of the area to be measured, and extracting a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the area to be measured based on the acoustic characteristic image, wherein the echo amplitude attenuation rate is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the echo amplitude at different azimuth angles at the incident angle;

[0022] A sound speed solution module, used for determining the incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate as an equivalent incident angle, and substituting the equivalent incident angle into a preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be tested, wherein the calculation parameters in the preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested, the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each area to be tested of the single crystal blade to be tested, and the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample;

[0023] The wall thickness determination module is used to determine the wall thickness of the area to be measured according to the product of the propagation sound velocity and the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be measured.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the measurement system further includes a formula configuration module, and the formula configuration module is configured in the process of obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula as follows:

[0025] Determine the cutting angle of the comparison sample corresponding to the test area based on the surface angle of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and perform equal thickness cutting on a test piece made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested based on the cutting angle to obtain each comparison sample;

[0026] For each of the comparison samples: performing the ultrasonic polar scanning on the comparison sample to obtain the echo parameters of the comparison sample; mapping the echo parameters of the comparison sample to polar coordinates to obtain the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample, and extracting the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the comparison sample based on the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample;

[0027] Determine the echo amplitude attenuation rate common in the monotonically decreasing portion of the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each of the comparison samples as the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate; determine the equivalent incident angle of each of the comparison samples based on the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate;

[0028] The measured sound velocity V of each comparison sample is i and the equivalent incident angle θ i Substitute the initial sound speed into the solution formula:

[0029] V i = k × θ i +c,

[0030] The initial sound speed solution formula after substitution is fitted to obtain the first calculation parameter k and the second calculation parameter c, thereby obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula, wherein i is the serial number of the comparison sample.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the polar diameter of the acoustic characteristic image represents the incident angle, the polar angle of the acoustic characteristic image represents the azimuth angle, and the grayscale value of the acoustic characteristic image represents the intensity of the echo amplitude.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the cutting angle is the angle between the cutting surface of the comparison sample and the normal line of the side wall of the comparison sample.

[0033] A third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising at least one processor and a memory connected to the processor, wherein:

[0034] The memory is used to store computer programs;

[0035] The processor is used to execute the computer program so that the electronic device can implement the method for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade according to the first aspect or any implementation of the first aspect.

[0036] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer storage medium, which carries one or more computer programs. When the one or more computer programs are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device can implement the method for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade according to the first aspect or any implementation method of the first aspect.

[0037] By means of the above technical scheme, the present application provides a method, system, device and storage medium for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade. By configuring an ultrasonic pole scan of the test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and determining the acoustic characteristic curve of the test area based on the obtained echo parameters, the acoustic characteristics of the test area are collected when the ultrasonic wave is detected at different incident angles and azimuth angles. Subsequently, the incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate is determined as the equivalent incident angle, and the equivalent incident angle is substituted into the preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the test area. Since the calculation parameters in the above preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested, and the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, thereby ensuring the determination accuracy of the above equivalent incident angle and the above propagation speed. It can be seen that the present application improves the measurement accuracy of the wall thickness of single crystal blades. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0039] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade provided in this application;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic pole scanning device provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of multiple incident angles at the same azimuth provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the method of obtaining the comparative samples provided for this application;

[0043] Figure 5 Acoustic characteristic images of the comparison samples provided for this application;

[0044] Figure 6 Acoustic properties images provided for this application;

[0045] Figure 7 The echo amplitude curve graph provided for this application;

[0046] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a curve including the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample provided in the present application;

[0047] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the monotonically decreasing portion of the curve provided for this application;

[0048] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the fitting curve provided for this application;

[0049] Fig.11 A block diagram of a system for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade provided in this application;

[0050] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following describes the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The terms used in the implementation method section of the present application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0052] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, with the development of technology and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0053] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, which is only to describe the distinction mode adopted by the objects of the same attributes when describing in the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of units need not be limited to those units, but may include other units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0054] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade. Figure 1 As shown, the method for measuring the wall thickness of the single crystal blade includes:

[0055] S101, performing ultrasonic polar scanning on a test area of ​​a single crystal blade to obtain echo parameters of the test area, wherein the echo parameters include echo amplitude parameters at each incident angle, and the echo amplitude parameters include each azimuth angle and its corresponding echo amplitude.

[0056] It should be noted that in actual application scenarios, the above-mentioned ultrasonic polar scanning is also called ultrasonic polar scanning (UPS), which is a scanning method that replaces the translational motion of the classic ultrasonic C scanning device with rotational motion. By performing ultrasonic polar scanning on the above-mentioned area to be tested, ultrasonic detection of the area to be tested at various angles is achieved, thereby realizing the collection of echo amplitudes corresponding to various azimuths at various incident angles, avoiding omissions and improving the collection accuracy of the collected echo amplitudes.

[0057] It should be noted that in actual application scenarios, there are various device structures for performing ultrasonic pole scanning on the test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and one exemplary device is provided here:

[0058] like Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic pole scanning device. The ultrasonic pole scanning device comprises: a rotating frame 1, a phased array probe 2, a measuring instrument 3 and a supporting platform 5. The supporting platform 5 is used to carry the single crystal blade 4 to be measured. The rotating frame 1 is used to drive the phased array probe 2 to rotate with the normal line of the supporting surface of the supporting platform 5 as the axis, so that the phased array probe 2 can detect the single crystal blade 4 to be measured from all azimuth angles and collect the echo amplitude. The measuring instrument 3 is used to detect the single crystal blade 4 to be measured according to the above Figure 1 The step S101 shown obtains the echo parameters, and the following steps S102 to S104 are executed to output the wall thickness of the area to be measured. It should be noted that the phased array probe 2 is an ultrasonic probe integrated with multiple vibrators. Since the positions of different vibrators in the phased array probe 2 are different, the ultrasonic waves emitted by the vibrators have different incident angles, thereby realizing detection of the single crystal blade 4 to be measured at different incident angles.

[0059] S102, mapping the echo parameters to polar coordinates to obtain an acoustic characteristic image of the area to be measured, and extracting a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the area to be measured based on the acoustic characteristic image, where the echo amplitude attenuation rate is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the echo amplitude at different azimuths for an incident angle.

[0060] It should be noted that in actual application scenarios, since the above-mentioned echo parameters include parameters in multiple dimensions such as incident angle, azimuth and echo amplitude, in order to avoid the risk of errors caused by dimensions of parameters of different dimensions during data analysis, the above-mentioned echo parameters can be normalized before being mapped to polar coordinates to avoid the risk of errors caused by dimensional differences.

[0061] It should be noted that in actual application scenarios, since the above-mentioned acoustic characteristic image includes data in three dimensions: incident angle, azimuth and echo amplitude, the efficiency of determining the subsequent equivalent incident angle is reduced. Therefore, the present application configures a curve for extracting the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the area to be measured based on the acoustic characteristic image. Since the echo amplitude attenuation rate is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the echo amplitude at different azimuths for an incident angle, the extracted echo amplitude attenuation rate curve only retains data in two dimensions: the incident angle and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the echo amplitude, thereby achieving data dimensionality reduction and improving the efficiency of determining the equivalent incident angle.

[0062] It should be noted that in actual application scenarios, the above-mentioned incident angle is the angle between the direction line of the ultrasonic wave irradiating the area to be measured and the normal line of the area to be measured. Figure 3 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of multiple incident angles at the same azimuth, where ∠1 to ∠5 are the angles between the ultrasonic propagation direction lines emitted by different elements of different phased array probes 2 and the normal 6 of the area to be measured. Due to the anisotropic characteristics of single crystal materials, different propagation directions will affect the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves. Therefore, the present application configures a curve for extracting the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the area to be measured, and uses the echo amplitude attenuation rate as the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the echo amplitude at different azimuths for an incident angle, thereby realizing the extraction of echo amplitude fluctuation characteristics under different ultrasonic propagation directions.

[0063] S103. Determine the incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate as the equivalent incident angle, and substitute the equivalent incident angle into the preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the test area, wherein the calculation parameters in the preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested, the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample.

[0064] It should be noted that in actual application scenarios, the present application determines the incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the echo amplitude attenuation rate curve as the equivalent incident angle, and substitutes the equivalent incident angle into the preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the test area. Since the calculation parameters in the above-mentioned preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested, and the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, thereby ensuring the determination accuracy of the above-mentioned equivalent incident angle and the above-mentioned propagation speed, thereby improving the wall thickness accuracy of the finally determined area to be tested.

[0065] S104, determining the wall thickness of the area to be measured according to the product of the propagation sound velocity and the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be measured.

[0066] It should be noted that in actual application scenarios, the above Figure 1 The implementation of step S104 shown may be:

[0067] According to the propagation speed V and propagation time t, the formula is: Calculate the wall thickness T of the area to be measured.

[0068] The present application configures an ultrasonic pole scan of the test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and determines the acoustic characteristic curve of the test area based on the obtained echo parameters, thereby realizing the collection of the acoustic characteristics of the test area when the ultrasonic wave is detected at different incident angles and azimuths. Subsequently, the incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate is determined as the equivalent incident angle, and the equivalent incident angle is substituted into the preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the test area. Since the calculation parameters in the above preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is the same as the material of the single crystal blade to be tested, and the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, thereby ensuring the determination accuracy of the above equivalent incident angle and the above propagation speed. It can be seen that the present application improves the measurement accuracy of the wall thickness of the single crystal blade.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the process of obtaining the above preset sound speed solution formula includes:

[0070] Determine the cutting angle of the comparison sample corresponding to the test area based on the surface angle of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and perform equal thickness cutting on the test piece made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested based on the cutting angle to obtain each comparison sample;

[0071] For each comparison sample: performing an ultrasonic polar scan on the comparison sample to obtain echo parameters of the comparison sample; mapping the echo parameters of the comparison sample to polar coordinates to obtain an acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample, and extracting a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the comparison sample based on the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample;

[0072] Determine the echo amplitude attenuation rate common in the monotonically decreasing portion of the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample as the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate; determine the equivalent incident angle of each comparison sample based on the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate;

[0073] The measured sound velocity V of each comparison sample iand the equivalent incident angle θ i Substitute the initial sound speed into the solution formula:

[0074] V i = k × θ i +c,

[0075] The initial sound speed solution formula after substitution is fitted to obtain the first calculation parameter k and the second calculation parameter c, thereby obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula, where i is the serial number of the comparison sample.

[0076] It should be noted that, in actual application scenarios, there are many ways to obtain the above-mentioned comparison samples, and an exemplary method is provided here:

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the method of obtaining the comparison sample. Among them, the sample rod 6 can be a by-product produced in the same furnace as the single crystal blade to be tested. The present application improves the similarity of the physical properties of the sample rod 6 and the single crystal blade to be tested by configuring the above-mentioned sample rod 6 to be the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested and produced in the same furnace, thereby reducing the influence of the physical property error on the subsequent thickness measurement accuracy.

[0078] Assuming that the surface angle fluctuation range of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested is 0° to 45°, the sample rod 6 is cut with equal thickness at a fixed cutting angle interval to obtain the following: Figure 4 The comparison samples 601 to 610 are shown. T601 to T610 are the thicknesses of the comparison samples 601 to 610, respectively, and the thicknesses of the comparison samples are equal. The cutting angle interval is 5°, the cutting angle of the comparison sample 601 is 0°, the cutting angle of the comparison sample 602 is 5°, the cutting angle of the comparison sample 603 is 10°, ..., the cutting angle of the comparison sample 609 is 40°, and the cutting angle of the comparison sample 610 is 45°.

[0079] It should be noted that, in the present application, by configuring the test piece with the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested based on the cutting angle for equal thickness cutting, the cutting angle of each comparison sample obtained can cover the surface angle of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, thereby using the comparison sample to simulate the acoustic characteristics of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and then calibrating the calculation parameters of the initial sound velocity solution formula based on each comparison sample, so that the obtained preset sound velocity solution formula is compatible with the single crystal blade to be tested.

[0080] It should be noted that in actual application scenarios, the above acoustic characteristic images can be Figure 5 As shown:

[0081] Figure 5 For this application, the researchers have Figure 4After obtaining the comparison samples in the manner shown, ultrasonic polar scanning is performed on comparison samples 602, comparison samples 606 and comparison samples 610, and the obtained echo parameters are mapped to polar coordinates to obtain the acoustic characteristic images of the comparison samples. Among them, the black irregular outline in the middle area of ​​each acoustic characteristic image indicates that each comparison sample is made of single crystal material. The polar diameter is the distance from the center of the circle to the circumference of each circle, which represents different incident angles. The polar angle is the angle between the two end points of each equally divided circle and the line connecting the center of the circle after the circumference is divided into equal parts. Figure 5 As shown, the polar diameters are 10°, 20°, 30°, 40° and 50° respectively. The polar angles are 30 degrees apart, from 0° to 360° (coinciding with 0°). The grayscale values ​​in the figure range from 0 to 1. The darker the grayscale, the smaller the echo amplitude, and the lighter the grayscale, the larger the echo amplitude.

[0082] It should be noted that, according to the above Figure 5 It can be seen that the obtained acoustic characteristic image contains data of multiple dimensions, and the data coupling degree is high, which makes it difficult to process and analyze data directly based on the acoustic characteristic image, and the computing power requirements are large. Therefore, this application realizes the dimensionality reduction and decoupling of the acoustic feature data in the acoustic characteristic image by configuring a curve for extracting the echo amplitude attenuation rate based on the acoustic characteristic image, thereby reducing the difficulty of processing and analyzing the acoustic feature data and reducing the computing power requirements.

[0083] It should be noted that, in actual application scenarios, the implementation method of extracting the echo amplitude attenuation rate image based on the acoustic characteristic image may be: Figure 5 Take the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample 610 as an example: Figure 6 For each incident angle in the acoustic characteristic image shown in FIG. 1 , the normalized echo amplitude corresponding to each azimuth angle under the incident angle is collected (in terms of Figure 6 Taking the 35° incident angle as an example), an echo amplitude curve diagram under this incident angle is generated. The echo amplitude curve diagram is as follows Figure 7 shown.

[0084] After obtaining the echo amplitude curve diagram of each incident angle, for each incident angle: the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the echo amplitude at each azimuth angle under the incident angle is determined as the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the incident angle.

[0085] For each comparison sample: the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the comparison sample at each incident angle is connected in sequence to obtain the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the comparison sample. The schematic diagram of the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample is as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0086] It should be noted that, in actual application scenarios, the researchers of this application have found through a large number of experiments that the curves of the echo amplitude attenuation rates of different comparison samples all meet the change rule of "rising first and then falling". However, the echo amplitude attenuation rates of different comparison samples at the same incident angle may have a change lag. Therefore, this application determines the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate from the monotonically decreasing part of the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample by configuring, thereby avoiding the influence of the echo amplitude attenuation rate with partial change lag on the fitting accuracy during the subsequent fitting.

[0087] It should be noted that, in actual application scenarios, the process of obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula may be:

[0088] like Fig. 9 As shown, from the above Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the monotonically decreasing part of the curve extracted from the schematic diagram shown in FIG. 0.3 is selected as the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate, and Fig. 9 The equivalent incident angle corresponding to each comparison sample and the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is selected respectively.

[0089] Then, the measured sound velocity V of each comparison sample is i and the equivalent incident angle θ i Substitute the initial sound velocity into the formula to solve: V i = k × θ i +c. The initial sound velocity solution formula after substitution is fitted, and the fitting curve diagram is shown in Fig.10 By taking the 95% confidence interval to obtain the fitting result, the first calculation parameter k and the second calculation parameter c can be obtained, thereby obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula.

[0090] The measured sound velocity may be the longitudinal wave sound velocity obtained by measuring the thickness of the comparison sample with a micrometer and dividing the result by the sound time of the ultrasonic wave propagating unidirectionally in the comparison sample.

[0091] In a possible implementation, the polar diameter of the acoustic characteristic image represents the incident angle, the polar angle of the acoustic characteristic image represents the azimuth, and the gray value of the acoustic characteristic image represents the intensity of the echo amplitude.

[0092] In a possible implementation, the cutting angle is the angle between the cutting surface of the comparison sample and the normal line of the side wall of the comparison sample.

[0093] A second aspect of the present application provides a system for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade, such as Fig.11 As shown, the single crystal blade wall thickness measurement system includes:

[0094] The parameter acquisition module 1101 is used to perform ultrasonic polar scanning on the test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and obtain the echo parameters of the test area, wherein the echo parameters include the echo amplitude parameters under each incident angle, and the echo amplitude parameters include each azimuth angle and its corresponding echo amplitude;

[0095] An image generation module 1102 is used to map the echo parameters to polar coordinates to obtain an acoustic characteristic image of the area to be measured, and to extract a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the area to be measured based on the acoustic characteristic image, where the echo amplitude attenuation rate is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the echo amplitude at different azimuths for an incident angle;

[0096] The sound speed solution module 1103 is used to determine the incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate as the equivalent incident angle, and substitute the equivalent incident angle into the preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be tested, wherein the calculation parameters in the preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested, the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each area to be tested of the single crystal blade to be tested, and the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample;

[0097] The wall thickness determination module 1104 is used to determine the wall thickness of the area to be measured according to the product of the propagation speed of sound and the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be measured.

[0098] In one possible implementation, the above Fig.11 The single crystal blade wall thickness measurement system shown also includes a formula configuration module, and the formula configuration module is set to the following process in the process of obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula:

[0099] Determine the cutting angle of the comparison sample corresponding to the test area based on the surface angle of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and perform equal thickness cutting on the test piece made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested based on the cutting angle to obtain each comparison sample;

[0100] For each comparison sample: performing an ultrasonic polar scan on the comparison sample to obtain echo parameters of the comparison sample; mapping the echo parameters of the comparison sample to polar coordinates to obtain an acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample, and extracting a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the comparison sample based on the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample;

[0101] Determine the echo amplitude attenuation rate common in the monotonically decreasing portion of the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample as the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate; determine the equivalent incident angle of each comparison sample based on the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate;

[0102] The measured sound velocity V of each comparison sample iand the equivalent incident angle θ i Substitute the initial sound speed into the solution formula:

[0103] V i = k × θ i +c,

[0104] The initial sound speed solution formula after substitution is fitted to obtain the first calculation parameter k and the second calculation parameter c, thereby obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula, where i is the serial number of the comparison sample.

[0105] In a possible implementation, the polar diameter of the acoustic characteristic image represents the incident angle, the polar angle of the acoustic characteristic image represents the azimuth, and the gray value of the acoustic characteristic image represents the intensity of the echo amplitude.

[0106] In a possible implementation, the cutting angle is the angle between the cutting surface of the comparison sample and the normal line of the side wall of the comparison sample.

[0107] The present application also provides an electronic device in an embodiment. Fig.12 As shown, it shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present application. The electronic device in the embodiments of the present application may include but is not limited to fixed terminals such as mobile phones, notebook computers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablet computers), desktop computers, etc. Fig.12 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.

[0108] like Fig.12 As shown, the electronic device may include a processing device (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) 1201, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1202 or a program loaded from a storage device 1208 to a random access memory (RAM) 1203. When the electronic device is powered on, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device are also stored in the RAM 1203. The processing device 1201, the ROM 1202, and the RAM 1203 are connected to each other via a bus 1204. An input / output (I / O) interface 1205 is also connected to the bus 1204.

[0109] Typically, the following devices may be connected to the I / O interface 1205: an input device 1206 including, for example, a touch screen, a touch pad, a keyboard, a mouse, a camera, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, etc.; an output device 1207 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; a storage device 1208 including, for example, a memory card, a hard disk, etc.; and a communication device 1209. The communication device 1209 may allow the electronic device to communicate with other devices wirelessly or by wire to exchange data. Although Fig.12 An electronic device having various devices is shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all the devices shown. More or fewer devices may be implemented or possessed instead.

[0110] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product including computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are executed on an electronic device, the electronic device implements any single crystal blade wall thickness measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0111] A computer-readable storage medium is also provided in an embodiment of the present application. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs. When one or more computer programs are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device can implement any single crystal blade wall thickness measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0112] It should also be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the device embodiments provided by the present application, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, which may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines.

[0113] Through the description of the above implementation mode, the technicians in the field can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware, and of course, it can also be implemented by special hardware including special integrated circuits, special CPUs, special memories, special components, etc. In general, all functions completed by computer programs can be easily implemented by corresponding hardware, and the specific hardware structure used to implement the same function can also be various, such as analog circuits, digital circuits or special circuits. However, for the present application, software program implementation is a better implementation mode in more cases. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a disk or an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a training device, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0114] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product.

[0115] The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, a computer, a training device, or a data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, training device, or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can store or a data storage device such as a training device, a data center, etc. that includes one or more available media integrations. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive (SSD)), etc.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade, characterized in that: include: Performing ultrasonic polar scanning on the test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested to obtain echo parameters of the test area, wherein the echo parameters include echo amplitude parameters at each incident angle, and the echo amplitude parameters include each azimuth angle and its corresponding echo amplitude; Mapping the echo parameters to polar coordinates to obtain an acoustic characteristic image of the area to be measured, and extracting a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the area to be measured based on the acoustic characteristic image, wherein the echo amplitude attenuation rate is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the echo amplitude at different azimuth angles of the incident angle; The incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate is determined as the equivalent incident angle, and the equivalent incident angle is substituted into the preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation sound speed of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be tested, wherein the calculation parameters in the preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested, the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each area to be tested of the single crystal blade to be tested, and the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample; The wall thickness of the area to be measured is determined according to the product of the propagation sound velocity and the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be measured.

2. The measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula includes: Determine the cutting angle of the comparison sample corresponding to the test area based on the surface angle of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and perform equal thickness cutting on a test piece made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested based on the cutting angle to obtain each comparison sample; For each of the comparison samples: performing the ultrasonic polar scanning on the comparison sample to obtain the echo parameters of the comparison sample; mapping the echo parameters of the comparison sample to polar coordinates to obtain the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample, and extracting the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the comparison sample based on the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample; Determine the echo amplitude attenuation rate common in the monotonically decreasing portion of the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each of the comparison samples as the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate; determine the equivalent incident angle of each of the comparison samples based on the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate; The measured sound velocity V of each comparison sample is i and the equivalent incident angle θ i Substitute the initial sound speed into the solution formula: In i =k×θ i +c, The initial sound speed solution formula after substitution is fitted to obtain the first calculation parameter k and the second calculation parameter c, thereby obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula, wherein i is the serial number of the comparison sample.

3. The measuring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polar diameter of the acoustic characteristic image represents the incident angle, the polar angle of the acoustic characteristic image represents the azimuth angle, and the grayscale value of the acoustic characteristic image represents the intensity of the echo amplitude.

4. The measuring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting angle is the angle between the cutting surface of the comparison sample and the normal line of the side wall of the comparison sample.

5. A system for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade, characterized in that: include: A parameter acquisition module, used for performing ultrasonic polar scanning on the test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and obtaining echo parameters of the test area, wherein the echo parameters include echo amplitude parameters at various incident angles, and the echo amplitude parameters include various azimuth angles and their corresponding echo amplitudes; An image generation module, used for mapping the echo parameters to polar coordinates, obtaining an acoustic characteristic image of the area to be measured, and extracting a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the area to be measured based on the acoustic characteristic image, wherein the echo amplitude attenuation rate is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the echo amplitude at different azimuth angles at the incident angle; A sound speed solution module, used for determining the incident angle corresponding to the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate in the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate as an equivalent incident angle, and substituting the equivalent incident angle into a preset sound speed solution formula to obtain the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be tested, wherein the calculation parameters in the preset sound speed solution formula are determined based on the fitting of each comparison sample, the comparison sample is made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested, the set of cutting angles of each comparison sample covers the surface angles of each area to be tested of the single crystal blade to be tested, and the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate is a parameter determined based on the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each comparison sample; The wall thickness determination module is used to determine the wall thickness of the area to be measured according to the product of the propagation sound velocity and the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the area to be measured.

6. The measuring system according to claim 5, characterized in that The measurement system further includes a formula configuration module, wherein the formula configuration module is configured in the process of obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula as follows: Determine the cutting angle of the comparison sample corresponding to the test area based on the surface angle of each test area of ​​the single crystal blade to be tested, and perform equal thickness cutting on a test piece made of the same material as the single crystal blade to be tested based on the cutting angle to obtain each comparison sample; For each of the comparison samples: performing the ultrasonic polar scanning on the comparison sample to obtain the echo parameters of the comparison sample; Mapping the echo parameters of the comparison sample to polar coordinates to obtain the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample, and extracting a curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of the comparison sample based on the acoustic characteristic image of the comparison sample; Determining the echo amplitude attenuation rate common to the monotonically decreasing portion of the curve of the echo amplitude attenuation rate of each of the comparison samples as the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate; Determining the equivalent incident angle of each of the comparison samples based on the preset echo amplitude attenuation rate; The measured sound velocity V of each comparison sample is i and the equivalent incident angle θ i Substitute the initial sound speed into the solution formula: In i =k×θ i +c, The initial sound speed solution formula after substitution is fitted to obtain the first calculation parameter k and the second calculation parameter c, thereby obtaining the preset sound speed solution formula, wherein i is the serial number of the comparison sample.

7. The measuring system according to claim 6, characterized in that The polar diameter of the acoustic characteristic image represents the incident angle, the polar angle of the acoustic characteristic image represents the azimuth angle, and the grayscale value of the acoustic characteristic image represents the intensity of the echo amplitude.

8. The measuring system according to claim 6, characterized in that The cutting angle is the angle between the cutting surface of the comparison sample and the normal line of the side wall of the comparison sample.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises at least one processor and a memory connected to the processor, wherein: The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is used to execute the computer program so that the electronic device can implement the method for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium carries one or more computer programs, and when the one or more computer programs are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device can implement the method for measuring the wall thickness of a single crystal blade as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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