Integrated abrasion-resistant sand blower for high-displacement and large-sand-amount fracturing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical oil production engineering, in particular to an integrated abrasion-resistant sand blower for high-displacement and large-sand-amount fracturing. The device comprises an upper pup joint, the inner side of the upper pup joint is connected with a sand filter in an embedded mode, the lower end of the sand filter is detachably connected with an abrasion-resistant main body, a throttling nozzle is installed on the inner side of the abrasion-resistant main body, the lower end of the throttling nozzle is connected with an abrasion-resistant sleeve, the lower end of the abrasion-resistant sleeve is connected with a sealing mechanism, and the outer side of the abrasion-resistant main body is sleeved with a back-splashing-preventing ring. The outer side of the anti-back-splashing ring is sleeved with a protective sleeve, the lower side of the anti-back-splashing ring is provided with a centralizing ring, and a gasket and a protective groove are embedded into the abrasion-resistant body. According to the integrated abrasion-resistant sand blower for high-displacement and large-sand-amount fracturing, the structure is simple, the performance is safe and reliable, the problems that an existing sand blower is poor in abrasion performance in the large-scale fracturing process of a horizontal well, and tools are damaged due to back-splashing sand washing are effectively solved, and the safety and reliability of a fracturing process pipe column are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil production engineering, and in particular to an integrated abrasion-resistant sandblaster for high-displacement and large-sand-volume fracturing. Background Art

[0002] At present, unconventional resources are abundant, and the development potential of tight gas, tight oil and mudstone oil reservoirs is great, but the single well production is low, and large-scale fracturing transformation technology is needed to achieve a breakthrough in production. Layered fracturing is a commonly used fracturing and production increase measure in oil production operations. The oil layer is fractured by high-pressure spraying of fracturing fluid composed of sand-carrying fluid and proppant, so that cracks are generated in the oil layer or the cracks are opened and expanded. A large amount of liquid permeates into the oil layer through the wall of the crack, increasing the permeability of the oil layer, reducing oil flow resistance, and increasing the production of oil wells.

[0003] In the prior art, during the multi-stage large-scale fracturing process, the steel body of the sandblaster is easily corroded, the working performance is poor, and the fracturing sand splashback easily causes the tool to fail, which not only fails to provide effective protection for the fracturing construction, but even causes the risk that the fracturing construction cannot continue. Therefore, in view of the above shortcomings, the present invention provides an integrated high-displacement and large-sand fracturing wear-resistant sandblaster. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved: The present invention provides an integrated wear-resistant sandblaster for high-displacement and large-sand-volume fracturing, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art that the steel body of the sandblaster is easily corroded during the multi-stage large-scale fracturing process, and the fracturing sand splashback easily causes the tool failure, resulting in the inability to continue the fracturing construction.

[0005] (II) Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing, comprising: The upper part is short-circuited, and the inner side of the upper short-circuit is embedded with a sand filter, the lower end of the sand filter is detachably connected to a wear-resistant body, a throttle nozzle is installed on the inner side of the wear-resistant body, the lower end of the throttle nozzle is connected to a wear-resistant sleeve, the lower end of the wear-resistant sleeve is connected to a sealing mechanism, the outer side of the wear-resistant body is sleeved with an anti-splashback ring, the outer side of the anti-splashback ring is sleeved with a protective sleeve, the lower side of the anti-splashback ring is a straightening ring, and the interior of the wear-resistant body is embedded with a gasket and a protective groove.

[0006] Preferably, the sealing mechanism comprises a gasket, a protective gasket and a sealing sheet, the two ends of the gasket are respectively a wear-resistant sleeve and a protective gasket, and the lower end of the protective gasket is connected to the sealing sheet.

[0007] Preferably, the sealing sheet is clamped at a shoulder at the bottom of the wear-resistant body.

[0008] Preferably, a throttle nozzle is clamped at a shoulder on the top of the wear-resistant body.

[0009] Preferably, the wear-resistant body is connected to the upper short circuit via an anti-rotation pin.

[0010] Preferably, the straightening ring is connected to the wear-resistant body via fixing pins.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the sand filter is threadedly connected to the wear-resistant body.

[0012] Preferably, a protection groove is provided on the inner side of the gasket.

[0013] Preferably, the wear-resistant body is provided with a plurality of sandblasting holes, and the inner side of the wear-resistant sleeve is provided with a plurality of circular holes.

[0014] Preferably, the sandblasting holes correspond to and match the through holes.

[0015] (III) Beneficial effects: The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing provided by the present invention has a simple structure and safe and reliable performance, and effectively solves the problems of poor abrasion performance of existing sandblasters and damage to tools during large-scale fracturing of horizontal wells, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the fracturing process pipe string. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated high-displacement, large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the AA structure of the wear-resistant body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Among them, 1-upper short circuit; 2-sand filter; 3-throttle nozzle; 4-wear-resistant body; 5-anti-rotation pin; 6-wear-resistant sleeve; 7-washer; 8-protective sleeve; 9-anti-splashback ring; 10-protective gasket; 11-sealing sheet; 12-fixing pin, 13-rightening ring; 14-gasket; 15-protective groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "left", "right", "up", "down", "inside" and "outside" are all based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose is only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. It does not indicate or imply that the referred parts must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated high-displacement, large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 AA is a cross-sectional view of the wear-resistant body of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated wear-resistant sandblaster for high-displacement and large-sand fracturing, comprising an upper short-circuit 1, the inner side of the upper short-circuit 1 is embedded with a sand filter 2, the lower end of the sand filter 2 is detachably connected to a wear-resistant body 4, a throttle nozzle 3 is installed on the inner side of the wear-resistant body 4, the lower end of the throttle nozzle 3 is connected to a wear-resistant sleeve 6, the lower end of the wear-resistant sleeve 6 is connected to a sealing mechanism, the outer side of the wear-resistant body 4 is sleeved with an anti-splashback ring 9, the outer side of the anti-splashback ring 9 is sleeved with a protective sleeve 8, the lower side of the anti-splashback ring 9 is a straightening ring 13, and the interior of the wear-resistant body 4 is embedded with a gasket 14 and a protective groove 15.

[0021] In practical applications, the sealing mechanism includes a gasket 7 , a protective gasket 10 and a sealing sheet 11 . The two ends of the gasket 7 are the wear-resistant sleeve 6 and the protective gasket 10 respectively, and the lower end of the protective gasket 10 is connected to the sealing sheet 11 .

[0022] In addition, the gasket 7 is a metal gasket. The materials used for the metal gasket include copper, aluminum, low carbon steel, stainless steel, etc. The environment in which it is usually located can be a high temperature and high pressure environment as well as an environment with a relatively high load. The metal gasket can be a flat metal gasket, a corrugated metal gasket or a toothed metal gasket according to the shape of the environment. In the present sandblaster, the gasket 7 is made of an alloy, and the alloy is a brass alloy, an aluminum alloy, a nickel-titanium alloy or a galvanized alloy, etc. The protective gasket 10 is mostly a metal gasket. The material and function of the metal gasket are similar to those of the metal gasket. In the present sandblaster, the protective gasket 10 can cooperate with the gasket 7. In addition, the sealing sheet 11 is made of rubber. The sealing sheet 11 is stuck at the shoulder at the bottom of the wear-resistant body 4, and the shoulder at the top of the wear-resistant body 4 is clamped to the throttle nozzle 3.

[0023] In actual application, a protective groove 15 is provided on the inner side of the gasket 14. The gasket 14 is a rubber gasket. The gasket 14 is a non-metallic gasket. Due to the characteristics of rubber products, the texture of the gasket 14 is relatively soft and has good elasticity. It is easy to cut into different shapes according to different uses. The gasket 14 is usually used in pipes or containers to seal and stabilize.

[0024] In the sandblaster, the wear-resistant body 4 is connected to the upper short-circuit 1 through the anti-rotation pin 5, the straightening ring 13 is connected to the wear-resistant body 4 through the fixing pin 12, and the lower end of the sand filter 2 is connected to the wear-resistant body 4 by thread.

[0025] In practical applications, the wear-resistant body 4 is an integrated structure of the spray guide body and the lower joint. The integrated structure can effectively reduce abrasion. The wear-resistant body 4 is provided with multiple sandblasting holes. In this sandblaster, the number, shape and spacing of the sandblasting holes are optimized.

[0026] In the present sandblaster, different wear-resistant bodies 4 have different numbers of sandblasting holes. Different wear-resistant bodies 4 are selected according to actual needs. The shape of the sandblasting holes is mostly circular. Of course, in order to meet the needs of special environments, the shape of the sandblasting holes can also be designed into a suitable shape, such as a square, when producing the sandblaster.

[0027] It should be noted that, in actual applications, although the number and shape of the sandblasting holes of the wear-resistant body 4 can be designed according to actual needs, no matter how many specific number of sandblasting holes are provided in the wear-resistant body 4, the intervals between the multiple sandblasting holes need to maintain a uniform distribution, in order to reduce the eddy current zone, balance the flow, reduce the outlet flow velocity, and improve the ability to resist backsplash abrasion.

[0028] In the present sandblaster, the wear-resistant sleeve 6 is provided with a plurality of through holes. The wear-resistant sleeve 6 is a high-sand-amount wear-resistant sleeve. The through holes of the wear-resistant sleeve 6 correspond to and match the sandblasting holes of the wear-resistant body 4. That is, the shape, number and spacing of the through holes can match the sandblasting holes.

[0029] In practical applications, the liquid can pass through the throttle nozzle 3 and the wear-resistant sleeve 6, and finally spray out from the through hole of the wear-resistant sleeve 6, further realizing pressure-conducting sandblasting.

[0030] In actual production, splashback erosion damage is a relatively serious hazard during the integrated operation of hydraulic sandblasting perforating and fracturing. In actual applications, splashback erosion damage often occurs during sandblasting perforating. In addition, during the injection of sand-containing fracturing fluid, when the injection cannot be aligned with the formed perforation channel due to tool movement and other reasons, the high-speed sand-containing fracturing fluid will also be splashed back to cause splashback erosion damage. Since the injection time of the sand-containing fracturing fluid is longer and the erosion and abrasion of the sand-containing fracturing fluid are more serious, the splashback erosion damage caused by this is also more harmful.

[0031] Therefore, in order to overcome the risk of splashback erosion damage, the sandblaster is not only specially provided with an anti-splashback ring 9, but also the throttle nozzle 3, the wear-resistant sleeve 6, the gasket 7 and the protective groove 15 are designed as a full-coverage anti-splashback structure to effectively prevent splashback and slow down abrasion. In addition, the throttle nozzle 3, the wear-resistant sleeve 6 and the gasket 7 are designed as a "blocking" structure, which can interfere with the flow route of the sand-carrying liquid, forcing the sand-carrying liquid to flow evenly through each hole, changing local abrasion into uniform abrasion.

[0032] It should be noted that the anti-splashback ring 9 is made of hard alloy, and the outer side of the anti-splashback ring 9 is covered with a protective sleeve 8, which is made of rubber material. The rubber material has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and sealing.

[0033] The invention generally adopts changing the structure of the sandblaster on site, which effectively solves the problems of poor abrasive performance of the existing sandblaster during large-scale fracturing of horizontal wells and damage to the tool due to back-splashing sand, thereby effectively improving its working performance and providing effective protection for fracturing construction.

[0034] The following is a detailed description of the working principle of this integrated high-displacement, large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing: In this embodiment, the inner side of the upper short circuit 1 is embedded in the sand filter 2, the lower end of the sand filter 2 is threadedly connected to the wear-resistant main body 4, the wear-resistant main body 4 is connected to the upper short circuit 1 through the anti-rotation pin 5, the throttle nozzle 3 is clamped at the shoulder on the top of the wear-resistant main body 4, the lower end of the throttle nozzle 3 is connected to the wear-resistant sleeve 6, the lower end of the wear-resistant sleeve 6 is connected to the sealing mechanism, the outer side of the wear-resistant main body 4 is sleeved with the anti-splashback ring 9, the outer side of the anti-splashback ring 9 is sleeved with the protective sleeve 8, the lower side of the anti-splashback ring 9 is the righting ring 13, the righting ring 13 is connected to the wear-resistant main body 4 through the fixing pin 12, the inside of the wear-resistant main body 4 is embedded with the gasket 14 and the protective groove 15, and the inner side of the gasket 14 is provided with the protective groove 15.

[0035] In practical applications, the sealing mechanism includes a gasket 7 , a protective gasket 10 and a sealing sheet 11 . The two ends of the gasket 7 are the wear-resistant sleeve 6 and the protective gasket 10 respectively, and the lower end of the protective gasket 10 is connected to the sealing sheet 11 .

[0036] In this embodiment, the washer 7 is a brass alloy washer.

[0037] In this embodiment, the sandblaster needs to be used in conjunction with a packer. Both the sandblaster and the packer need to be carried down to a predetermined position in the well through an oil pipe. The lower end of the sandblaster is the packer. In actual applications, hydraulic pressure is applied to the ground through the oil pipe, and the liquid enters the pressure-conducting channel of the wear-resistant main body 4 through the sand filter 2, and transmits the pressure to the packer installed at the lower end. After the packer is sealed, the pressure is continued to be applied so that the liquid passes through the throttle nozzle 3 and the wear-resistant sleeve 6, and is finally ejected from the through hole of the wear-resistant sleeve 6, thereby completing the pressure-conducting sandblasting effect of the present invention.

[0038] The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing provided by the present invention has a simple structure and safe and reliable performance, and effectively solves the problems of poor abrasion performance of existing sandblasters and damage to tools during large-scale fracturing of horizontal wells, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the fracturing process pipe string.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated high-displacement, large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing, characterized in that: include: An upper short-circuit (1) is embedded in the inner side of the upper short-circuit (1) and connected to a sand filter (2); the lower end of the sand filter (2) is detachably connected to an abrasion-resistant body (4); a throttle nozzle (3) is installed on the inner side of the abrasion-resistant body (4); the lower end of the throttle nozzle (3) is connected to an abrasion-resistant sleeve (6); the lower end of the abrasion-resistant sleeve (6) is connected to a sealing mechanism; the outer side of the abrasion-resistant body (4) is sleeved with an anti-splashback ring (9); the outer side of the anti-splashback ring (9) is sleeved with a protective sleeve (8); the lower side of the anti-splashback ring (9) is a straightening ring (13); and a gasket (14) and a protective groove (15) are embedded in the interior of the abrasion-resistant body (4).

2. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealing mechanism comprises a gasket (7), a protective gasket (10) and a sealing sheet (11); the two ends of the gasket (7) are respectively a wear-resistant sleeve (6) and a protective gasket (10); and the lower end of the protective gasket (10) is connected to the sealing sheet (11).

3. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The sealing sheet (11) is stuck on the shoulder at the bottom of the wear-resistant body (4).

4. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The throttle nozzle (3) is clamped at the shoulder on the top of the wear-resistant body (4).

5. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wear-resistant body (4) is connected to the upper short-circuit (1) via an anti-rotation pin (5).

6. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The straightening ring (13) is connected to the wear-resistant body (4) via a fixing pin (12).

7. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower end of the sand filter (2) is threadedly connected to the wear-resistant main body (4).

8. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A protection groove (15) is provided on the inner side of the gasket (14).

9. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant main body (4) is provided with a plurality of sandblasting holes, and the inner side of the wear-resistant sleeve (6) is provided with a plurality of through holes.

10. The integrated high-displacement and large-sand-volume abrasion-resistant sandblaster for fracturing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sandblasting holes correspond to and match the through holes.

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