Multi-link carbon metering method of grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-link carbon metering method for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, which belongs to the operation optimization of the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, and comprises the following steps: S1, determining each link needing carbon metering according to the operation characteristics of equipment in the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station; s2, constructing a carbon metering model of each link on a data processing module of the electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station; and S3, according to the operation condition of the grid-connected type electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, dividing the grid-connected type electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station into three operation modes of hydrogen storage, hydrogenation and idling, and by combining the three operation modes, carrying out carbon metering on the grid-connected type electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station in a plurality of continuous time periods. According to the method, the carbon emission of the in-station equipment can be accurately calculated, and meanwhile, technical support can be provided for decarburization in the traffic industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of operation optimization of a grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, and specifically relates to a multi-link carbon metering method for a grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station. Background Art

[0002] In order to cope with the impact of climate change and achieve the "dual carbon" goal, the new energy vehicle industry is facing unprecedented development opportunities. Among them, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have the advantages of short refueling time and strong endurance, and occupy an important position in new energy vehicles. In order to meet the fuel supply of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the deployment and construction of hydrogen refueling stations has also increased. Among the many types of hydrogen refueling stations, the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station produces hydrogen by on-site electrolysis of water at the station, and then stores the hydrogen energy in the hydrogen storage equipment for hydrogen refueling needs. It has the characteristics of high hydrogen production purity and no direct carbon emissions. It is one of the important facilities to support the decarbonization of the transportation industry.

[0003] According to the source of electricity for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the integrated hydrogen production and refueling station can be divided into two types: off-grid and grid-connected. Among them, the electricity of the off-grid integrated hydrogen production and refueling station is mostly taken from new energy power generation such as wind power and solar energy, which can truly achieve zero carbon emissions for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. However, new energy power generation is characterized by volatility, randomness and intermittency, which causes the off-grid integrated hydrogen production and refueling station to have disadvantages such as low hydrogen production efficiency and large hydrogen storage system capacity. In comparison, the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and refueling station can obtain a stable supply of electricity from the distribution network, and has obvious advantages in terms of operational flexibility and investment in hydrogen storage systems. However, if the hydrogen production electricity supplied by the distribution network comes from power generation by fossil fuel power plants, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles cannot achieve true zero carbon emissions. At the same time, due to the operating characteristics of different equipment in the integrated hydrogen production and refueling station, it is difficult to accurately quantify the carbon emissions caused by hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and it cannot be applied to carbon emission optimization in the transportation industry.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a multi-link carbon metering method for grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and refueling stations that can accurately calculate the carbon emissions of equipment within the station and provide technical support for the decarbonization of the transportation industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-link carbon metering method for a grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, which can realize accurate calculation of carbon emissions from equipment in the station and provide technical support for decarbonization of the transportation industry.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A multi-link carbon metering method for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: According to the operating characteristics of the equipment in the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, determine the various links that need to be carbon metered; the electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is composed of an electrolyzer, a compressor, a hydrogen storage system and a hydrogenation machine. After being connected to the distribution network, the carbon emissions of the electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station during operation are quantified through the hydrogen production link, the pressurization link, the hydrogen storage link and the hydrogenation link;

[0009] Step S2: constructing a carbon measurement model for each link on the data processing module of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station;

[0010] Step S3: According to the operation status of the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, the station is divided into three operation modes: hydrogen storage, hydrogenation and idle. In combination with the three operation modes, carbon metering is performed for the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station in multiple continuous time periods.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step S2, under the premise of knowing the power flow of the distribution network, the operation status of the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, and the hydrogenation demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, a carbon measurement model for each link in a single grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station connected to the distribution network node n is constructed, including the following steps:

[0012] Step S201: constructing a carbon measurement model for the hydrogen production process, where the carbon measurement for the hydrogen production process includes carbon emissions caused by input power consumption of the distribution network and carbon emissions caused by electrolyzer operation efficiency;

[0013] Step S202: constructing a carbon measurement model for the pressurization stage, where the carbon measurement for the pressurization stage includes carbon emissions caused by the electric energy consumed during the operation of the compressor;

[0014] Step S203: constructing a carbon measurement model for the hydrogen storage link, where the carbon measurement for the hydrogen storage link includes carbon emissions stored in the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogen storage link period;

[0015] Step S204: construct a carbon metering model for the hydrogenation process, where the carbon metering for the hydrogenation process includes carbon emissions stored in the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogenation process period.

[0016] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step S201, the carbon emissions caused by the power consumption are related to the carbon emission intensity of the distribution network node n. Under the premise of the known power flow results of the distribution network, the carbon emission intensity of the distribution network node n in the time period t is calculated according to the carbon emission flow theory, as shown in the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] Where P (m,n),t is the active power transmitted by the distribution line between nodes m and n in time period t; g,tA is the active power generated by the fossil fuel power source g in the distribution network during time period t; n,g is the element value of the connection relationship matrix between the fossil fuel power source g and the distribution network node n; Ω G is the fossil fuel power source collection; Ω N+ is the set of distribution lines where active power flows into node n; e g,t is the carbon emission intensity of fossil fuel power source g in period t, which can be determined based on long-term statistical power source operation data; (m,n),t is the carbon emission intensity of the distribution line between nodes m and n in time period t, which is equal to the carbon emission intensity of the active power outflow node of the distribution line, and can be expressed as:

[0019]

[0020] In summary, the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption are calculated as shown in the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] Where P t P2H,in is the active power injected into the electrolyzer by the distribution network during period t; Δt is the length of time during period t.

[0023] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step S201, the carbon emissions carried by the energy loss caused by the operation efficiency of the electrolyzer are calculated as shown in the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] Where P t P2H,out It is the equivalent power of producing hydrogen in an electrolyzer.

[0026] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step S202, the calculation formula of the carbon emissions caused by the electric energy consumed during the operation of the compressor is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Where P t CP and are the electric energy consumed by the compressor in time period t and the carbon emissions caused, respectively.

[0029] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step S203, the carbon emissions stored in the hydrogen storage system in the current hydrogen storage period are equal to the sum of the carbon emissions carried by the injected hydrogen in the current period and the carbon emissions stored in the previous period, that is:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, and are the carbon emissions stored by the hydrogen storage system in period t and period t-1 respectively; The carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen injected into the hydrogen storage system during period t are equal to the carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer, that is:

[0032]

[0033] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step S204, the carbon emissions stored by the hydrogen storage system in the current hydrogenation period are equal to the difference between the carbon emissions stored in the previous period and the carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen taken out in the current period, that is:

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, is the carbon emission carried by the hydrogen taken out by the hydrogen storage system in time period t, and its ratio to the amount of hydrogen taken out to the amount of hydrogen before taking out is:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen taken out by the hydrogen storage system in time period t, and the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles Equal, that is is the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system during time period t-1.

[0038] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step S3, the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station is set to operate in a single mode, and the operating time in the single mode is defined as a carbon metering period. In combination with the operating mode and multi-link carbon metering, carbon metering is performed for the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station in multiple continuous time periods (t, t+1,...,T).

[0039] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that carbon metering is performed in multiple consecutive time periods (t, t+1, ..., T) for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, including the following steps:

[0040] Step S301: Input the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system during time period t-1 into the data processing module in step S2 and carbon emissions

[0041] Step S302: Determine whether the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in hydrogen storage mode during time period t. If not, proceed to step S303; if yes, perform carbon metering:

[0042] First, the power flow result P of the distribution network in time period t is input into the data processing module. (m,n),t , P g,t The relevant power P of the Hedian hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station t P2H,in , P t P2H,out , P t CP ;

[0043] Then, the carbon emissions of the hydrogen production process in time period t are calculated in turn Carbon emissions from hydrogenation at time t Carbon emissions from hydrogen storage in time period t

[0044] Finally, determine whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end If yes, end the calculation; otherwise, update the period t=t+1 and return to step S301;

[0045] Step S303: Determine whether the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in hydrogenation mode during time period t. If not, proceed to step S304; if yes, perform carbon metering:

[0046] First, the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in time period t is input into the data processing module. The relationship between the amount of hydrogen taken out of the hydrogen storage system and the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

[0047] Then, calculate the carbon emissions of the hydrogenation process in time period t

[0048] Finally, determine whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end If yes, end the calculation; otherwise, update the period t=t+1 and return to step S301;

[0049] Step S304: The grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in idle mode during time period t, and directly determines whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end If yes, end the calculation; otherwise, update the period t=t+1 and return to step S301.

[0050] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is:

[0051] The multi-link carbon metering method of the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station of the present invention defines the carbon metering link of the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, designs the carbon metering methods of different links, and realizes the accurate calculation of carbon emissions of equipment in the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station. At the same time, combined with the three operating modes of the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, a carbon metering method for multiple continuous time periods is designed, which provides a method for quantifying carbon emissions from the distribution network to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and provides technical support for the decarbonization of the transportation industry.

[0052] The present invention subdivides the operation process of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station into four links: hydrogen production, pressurization, hydrogen storage and hydrogenation, and performs detailed carbon measurement for each link, thereby improving the accuracy of the overall carbon measurement.

[0053] The present invention takes into account the three operating modes of hydrogen storage, hydrogen refueling and idleness of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, and can accurately calculate the carbon emissions under different operating modes.

[0054] The present invention can dynamically track and evaluate the carbon emissions of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by performing carbon metering in multiple continuous time periods, which helps to achieve real-time management and optimization of carbon emissions.

[0055] The present invention helps to identify and reduce unnecessary energy consumption and carbon emissions by quantifying carbon emissions in each link, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station and its various carbon metering links in the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process of carbon metering in multiple continuous time periods at a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0059] The present invention provides a multi-link carbon metering method for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step S1: Determine each link that needs to be carbon metered according to the operating characteristics of the equipment in the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station;

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station is mainly composed of an electrolyzer for hydrogen production, a compressor for pressurization, a hydrogen storage system and a hydrogenation machine. After being connected to the distribution network, the carbon emissions of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station during operation can be quantified through the hydrogen production link, pressurization link, hydrogen storage link and hydrogenation link;

[0062] Step S2: constructing a carbon measurement model for each link on the data processing module of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station;

[0063] Under the premise of knowing the distribution network flow, the operation status of the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station and the hydrogenation demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, a carbon measurement model for each link in a single grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station connected to the distribution network node n is constructed, including the following steps:

[0064] Step S201: Constructing a carbon measurement model for hydrogen production:

[0065] The electrolyzer is the main equipment in the hydrogen production process, which converts the input electricity of the distribution network into hydrogen. Accordingly, the carbon measurement of the hydrogen production process includes two parts, namely the carbon emissions caused by the input electricity consumption of the distribution network and the carbon emissions caused by the operation efficiency of the electrolyzer;

[0066] Specifically, the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption are related to the carbon emission intensity of the distribution network node n. Under the premise of knowing the power flow results of the distribution network, according to the carbon emission flow theory, the carbon emission intensity of the distribution network node n in time period t is calculated as shown in the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] Where P (m,n),t is the active power transmitted by the distribution line between nodes m and n in time period t; g,t A is the active power generated by the fossil fuel power source g in the distribution network during time period t; n,g is the element value of the connection relationship matrix between the fossil fuel power source g and the distribution network node n; Ω G is the fossil fuel power source collection; Ω N+ is the set of distribution lines where active power flows into node n; e g,t is the carbon emission intensity of fossil fuel power source g in period t, which can be determined based on long-term statistical power source operation data; (m,n),t is the carbon emission intensity of the distribution line between nodes m and n in time period t, which is equal to the carbon emission intensity of the active power outflow node of the distribution line, and can be expressed as:

[0069]

[0070] In summary, the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption are calculated as shown in the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] Where P t P2H,in is the active power injected into the electrolyzer by the distribution network in period t; Δt is the length of time in period t;

[0073] The carbon emissions caused by energy loss due to electrolyzer operating efficiency are calculated as follows:

[0074]

[0075] Where P t P2H,out It is the equivalent power of producing hydrogen in an electrolyzer.

[0076] Step S202: Constructing a carbon measurement model for the pressurization phase:

[0077] The pressure of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer is too low to meet the hydrogen pressure (35MPa or 70MPa) required by the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. It needs to be pressurized by a compressor. Correspondingly, the electric energy consumed during the operation of the compressor is obtained from the distribution network node n. Therefore, the carbon measurement of the pressurization link includes the carbon emissions caused by the electric energy consumed during the operation of the compressor. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Where P t CP and are the electric energy consumed by the compressor in time period t and the carbon emissions caused;

[0080] It is worth noting that the loss of hydrogen during the compression process is negligible, and the corresponding carbon emissions are no longer quantified;

[0081] Step S203: Constructing a carbon measurement model for the hydrogen storage link:

[0082] Although the hydrogen storage system has achieved the decoupling of the hydrogen production link and the hydrogenation link, the carbon emissions stored inside it are coupled with time. Therefore, the carbon measurement of the hydrogen storage link includes the carbon emissions stored inside the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogen storage link period, and the carbon emissions stored inside the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogen storage link period are equal to the sum of the carbon emissions carried by the injected hydrogen in the current period and the carbon emissions stored in the previous period, that is:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, and are the carbon emissions stored by the hydrogen storage system in period t and period t-1 respectively; The carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen injected into the hydrogen storage system during period t are equal to the carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer, that is:

[0085]

[0086] Step S204: constructing a carbon measurement model for the hydrogenation process:

[0087] According to the hydrogenation demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the control system of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station takes out hydrogen from the hydrogen storage system and injects it into the on-board hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle through the hydrogenation machine. Therefore, the carbon measurement of the hydrogenation link includes the carbon emissions stored in the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogenation link period, and the carbon emissions stored in the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogenation link period are equal to the difference between the carbon emissions stored in the previous period and the carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen taken out during the current period, that is:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, is the carbon emission carried by the hydrogen taken out by the hydrogen storage system in time period t, and its ratio to the amount of hydrogen taken out to the amount of hydrogen before taking out is:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen taken out by the hydrogen storage system in time period t, and the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles Equal, that is is the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system in time period t-1;

[0092] Step S3: According to the operation status of the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, it can be divided into three operation modes: hydrogen storage, hydrogenation and idle. In combination with the three operation modes, carbon metering is performed for the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station in multiple continuous time periods;

[0093] Set the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station to operate in a single mode, and define the operating time in a single mode as a carbon metering period, combining the operating mode and multi-link carbon metering, such as Figure 2 As shown, carbon metering is performed for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station in multiple consecutive time periods (t, t+1, ..., T), including the following steps:

[0094] Step S301: Input the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system during time period t-1 into the data processing module in step S2 and carbon emissions

[0095] Step S302: Determine whether the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in hydrogen storage mode during time period t. If not, proceed to step S303; if yes, perform carbon metering:

[0096] First, the power flow result P of the distribution network in time period t is input into the data processing module. (m,n),t , P g,t The relevant power P of the Hedian hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated stationt P2H,in , P t P2H,out , P t CP ;

[0097] Then, the carbon emissions of the hydrogen production process in time period t are calculated in turn Carbon emissions from hydrogenation at time t Carbon emissions from hydrogen storage in time period t

[0098] Finally, determine whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end If yes, end the calculation; otherwise, update the period t=t+1 and return to step S301;

[0099] Step S303: Determine whether the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in hydrogenation mode during time period t. If not, proceed to step S304; if yes, perform carbon metering:

[0100] First, the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in time period t is input into the data processing module. The relationship between the amount of hydrogen taken out of the hydrogen storage system and the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

[0101] Then, calculate the carbon emissions of the hydrogenation process in time period t

[0102] Finally, determine whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end If yes, end the calculation; otherwise, update the period t=t+1 and return to step S301;

[0103] Step S304: The grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in idle mode during time period t, and directly determines whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end If yes, end the calculation; otherwise, update the period t=t+1 and return to step S301.

[0104] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-link carbon metering method for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step S1: Determine each link that requires carbon metering based on the operating characteristics of the equipment in the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station; The integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station is composed of an electrolyzer, a compressor, a hydrogen storage system and a hydrogenation machine. After being connected to the distribution network, the carbon emissions of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station during operation are quantified through the hydrogen production link, the pressurization link, the hydrogen storage link and the hydrogenation link; Step S2: constructing a carbon measurement model for each link on the data processing module of the integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station; Step S3: According to the operation status of the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, the station is divided into three operation modes: hydrogen storage, hydrogenation and idle. In combination with the three operation modes, carbon metering is performed for the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station in multiple continuous time periods.

2. The multi-link carbon metering method of a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, under the premise of knowing the power flow of the distribution network, the operation status of the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station and the hydrogenation demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, a carbon measurement model for each link in a single grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station connected to the distribution network node n is constructed, including the following steps: Step S201: constructing a carbon measurement model for the hydrogen production process, where the carbon measurement for the hydrogen production process includes carbon emissions caused by input power consumption of the distribution network and carbon emissions caused by electrolyzer operation efficiency; Step S202: constructing a carbon measurement model for the pressurization stage, where the carbon measurement for the pressurization stage includes carbon emissions caused by the electric energy consumed during the operation of the compressor; Step S203: constructing a carbon measurement model for the hydrogen storage link, where the carbon measurement for the hydrogen storage link includes carbon emissions stored in the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogen storage link period; Step S204: construct a carbon metering model for the hydrogenation process, where the carbon metering for the hydrogenation process includes carbon emissions stored in the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogenation process period.

3. The multi-link carbon metering method of a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step S201, the carbon emissions caused by power consumption are related to the carbon emission intensity of the distribution network node n. Under the premise of knowing the power flow results of the distribution network, the carbon emission intensity of the distribution network node n in time period t is calculated according to the carbon emission flow theory, as shown in the following formula: Where P (m,n),t is the active power transmitted by the distribution line between nodes m and n in time period t; g,t A is the active power generated by the fossil fuel power source g in the distribution network during time period t; n,g is the element value of the connection relationship matrix between the fossil fuel power source g and the distribution network node n; Ω G is the fossil fuel power source collection; Ω N+ is the set of distribution lines where active power flows into node n; e g,t is the carbon emission intensity of fossil fuel power source g in period t, which can be determined based on long-term statistical power source operation data; (m,n),t is the carbon emission intensity of the distribution line between nodes m and n in time period t, which is equal to the carbon emission intensity of the active power outflow node of the distribution line, and can be expressed as: In summary, the carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption are calculated as shown in the following formula: Where P t P2H,in is the active power injected into the electrolyzer by the distribution network during period t; Δt is the length of time during period t.

4. The multi-link carbon metering method of a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step S201, the carbon emissions caused by the energy loss caused by the operation efficiency of the electrolyzer are calculated as shown in the following formula: Where P t P2H,out It is the equivalent power of producing hydrogen in an electrolyzer.

5. The multi-link carbon metering method of a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S202, the calculation formula of carbon emissions caused by the electric energy consumed during the operation of the compressor is as follows: Where P t CP and are the electric energy consumed by the compressor in time period t and the carbon emissions caused, respectively.

6. The multi-link carbon metering method of a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S203, the carbon emissions stored in the hydrogen storage system during the current hydrogen storage phase are equal to the sum of the carbon emissions carried by the injected hydrogen during the current phase and the carbon emissions stored during the previous phase, that is: In the formula, and are the carbon emissions stored by the hydrogen storage system in period t and period t-1 respectively; The carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen injected into the hydrogen storage system during period t are equal to the carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer, that is:

7. The multi-link carbon metering method of a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S204, the carbon emissions stored by the hydrogen storage system in the current hydrogenation period are equal to the difference between the carbon emissions stored in the previous period and the carbon emissions carried by the hydrogen taken out in the current period, that is: In the formula, is the carbon emission carried by the hydrogen taken out by the hydrogen storage system in time period t, and its ratio to the amount of hydrogen taken out to the amount of hydrogen before taking out is: In the formula, is the amount of hydrogen taken out by the hydrogen storage system in time period t, and the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles Equal, that is is the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system during time period t-1.

8. The multi-link carbon metering method for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step S3, the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station is set to operate in a single mode, and the operating time in the single mode is defined as a carbon metering period. Combined with the operating mode and multi-link carbon metering, carbon metering is performed for the grid-connected integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station in multiple continuous time periods (t, t+1, ..., T).

9. The multi-link carbon metering method for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station according to claim 8, characterized in that: Carbon metering is performed for a grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station in multiple consecutive time periods (t, t+1, ..., T), including the following steps: Step S301: Input the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system during time period t-1 into the data processing module in step S2 and carbon emissions Step S302: Determine whether the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in hydrogen storage mode during time period t. If not, proceed to step S303; if yes, perform carbon metering: First, the power flow result P of the distribution network in time period t is input into the data processing module. (m,n),t , P g,t The relevant power P of the Hedian hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station t P2H,in , P t P2H,out , P t CP ; Then, the carbon emissions of the hydrogen production process in time period t are calculated in turn Carbon emissions from hydrogenation at time t Carbon emissions from hydrogen storage in time period t Finally, determine whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end If yes, end the calculation; otherwise, update the period t=t+1 and return to step S301; Step S303: Determine whether the grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in hydrogenation mode during time period t. If not, proceed to step S304; if yes, perform carbon metering: First, the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in time period t is input into the data processing module. The relationship between the amount of hydrogen taken out of the hydrogen storage system and the hydrogen refueling demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles Then, calculate the carbon emissions of the hydrogenation process in time period t Finally, determine whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end , if yes, end the calculation; Otherwise, update time period t=t+1 and return to step S301; Step S304: The grid-connected electric hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station is in idle mode during time period t, and directly determines whether time period t is the last time period t of multiple consecutive time periods. end If yes, end the calculation; otherwise, update the period t=t+1 and return to step S301.

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