Moss crust and rock moss matrix cultivation method for rock slope

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly discloses a moss crust and rock moss matrix cultivation method for a rock slope. The moss crust and rock moss matrix for the rock slope is cultivated through the following method that S1, a crust matrix and a crust seed source are obtained; s2, preparing a saline-alkali modifier; s3, crust seed source expanding propagation: repeating the expanding propagation period A and the expanding propagation period B for five times, and stripping a seed source layer after the expanding propagation period B for the fifth time to obtain a high-activity crust seed source; and S4, field inoculation: obtaining the moss crust and rock moss matrix in 60 days from the inoculation day. The crust coverage of the moss crust and rock moss matrix is not lower than 96.5%, the content of chlorophyll a of the moss crust is not lower than 14.6 ug / cm < 2 >, the moss crust still keeps high vitality in a severe environment, adaptability and survival rate are high, a remarkable barren mountain greening effect can be achieved, water and soil loss is prevented, and the stability and diversity of an ecological system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, and in particular to a method for cultivating a moss crust and a rock moss substrate for a rock slope. Background Art

[0002] Due to the influence of multiple factors such as climate, environment and humanities, a considerable part of the natural environment has formed barren mountains and serious soil erosion. The sandstorms and dust storms blowing from the northwest have ravaged many places and affected the southern region with a good climate. Therefore, the development of barren mountain afforestation work is urgent.

[0003] There are two main methods for afforestation of barren hills: seed spraying and biological crusts. Since seed spraying is highly dependent on light conditions, vegetation growth will be limited even after a large number of seeds are sprayed on severely shaded rock slopes. This is especially true in areas where sunlight is insufficient. The survival rate of vegetation on rock slopes is extremely low, and the efficiency of ecological restoration is poor, making it difficult to form a stable ecosystem. Naturally, biological crusts have become the focus of the next ecological restoration work. They are a thin mat-like organic topsoil layer (a community composed of mosses, soil surface microorganisms, and non-vascular plants) formed by the mutual cementation of soil surface microorganisms and soil particles in a water-deficient environment. They are known as the "environmental engineer" of global arid lands due to their unique ecological functions. Among them, moss crust is the highest succession stage of biological crusts. As a pioneer species, moss crust has differentiated morphological characteristics such as stems, leaves and rhizomes, stronger photosynthesis, and more comprehensive ecological functions than algae and lichen crusts. In addition, the rocky slopes of barren mountains are dark and humid, which is very suitable for moss growth. Therefore, moss crusts and rock moss matrix play an important role in the greening of barren mountains.

[0004] However, the progress of moss planting on barren mountains is not so smooth. Moss is an organism with high demand for humus, but the soil development of barren mountains is relatively primitive. Even the rock slopes suitable for moss growth still have problems such as weak humus accumulation and high salinization. These problems will have a great negative impact on the crust coverage of moss crust and rock moss matrix and the chlorophyll content of moss crust, which is not conducive to the rapid formation of moss crust and improvement of ecological environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slope, comprising the following steps: S1, obtaining crust substrate and crust provenance: the crust substrate is taken from the soil at a depth of 1-5 cm below the rock slope, and the crust substrate is obtained after sieving and removing impurities; the crust provenance is taken from the crust layer with a thickness of 1-2 cm on the surface of the rock slope, and after removing impurities, it is dried in the shade, sieved, and ground to obtain the crust provenance; S2, preparing a saline-alkali modifier: dispersing palygorskite in water, homogenizing to obtain palygorskite hydrogel, then adding 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, and slurrying at 13 000-14000r / min, stirring, filtering to obtain a solid, drying, and obtaining a saline-alkali modifier, wherein the weight ratio of palygorskite to 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol is 1:(0.5-2); S3, crust source propagation: the crust substrate obtained in step S1 is laid as a substrate layer with a thickness of 1.6-2cm, and the crust source obtained in step S2 is laid on the top of the substrate layer to obtain a source layer with a thickness of 0.8-1cm, and enter the propagation A phase, specifically: at a temperature of 30-35°C and a light intensity of 20000- 25000lx, humidity of 30-45%RH for 2-3 days, then enter the expansion B period, specifically: disperse the saline-alkali modifier and humic acid in water, mix them evenly and inject them into the substrate layer until the amount of saline-alkali modifier accounts for 0.5-0.8‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer, and the amount of humic acid accounts for 0.08-0.12‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer, then reduce the temperature to 20-25℃, reduce the light intensity to 10000-15000lx, and increase the humidity to 65-70%RH, and culture for 2-3 days. After the end, peel off the seed layer and the substrate layer, and remove the seed layer. The layer is ground, and the crust substrate obtained in step S1 is laid as a new substrate layer with a thickness of 1.6-2 cm, and then the ground provenance layer is re-laid on the top of the substrate layer to obtain a new provenance layer with a thickness of 0.8-1 cm, and the propagation phase A and the propagation phase B are carried out again in sequence, and the propagation phase A and the propagation phase B are repeated for a total of 5 times, and the provenance layer at the end of the fifth propagation phase B is peeled off, naturally air-dried, ground, and sieved to obtain a high-vitality crust provenance; S4, field inoculation: The high-vitality crust provenance obtained in step S3 is inoculated onto the rock slope, and the inoculation amount is 85-90 g / m 2 , moss crust and rock moss matrix can be obtained 60 days from the date of inoculation.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application uses palygorskite and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol to prepare a salt-alkali improver, which can improve soil salinization while enhancing the soil's water holding capacity and nutrient supply, creating more favorable environmental conditions for the growth of moss crusts. On this basis, the present application sets up an unfavorable environment that hinders the growth of moss (high temperature, high light intensity, low humidity, low humus content and highly salinized crust substrate) as the propagation period A, and sets up favorable conditions that are conducive to the growth of moss (low temperature, low light intensity, high humidity, high Humus content and slightly saline-alkali crust substrate) as the propagation stage B, and alternately use the propagation stage A and the propagation stage B, thereby gradually training the adaptability of the moss source, so that it can still maintain a high vitality and growth rate in harsh environments. After multiple propagations, high-vitality crust sources were finally obtained. The high-vitality crust sources were inoculated on the rock slope surface in a certain proportion. Through scientific and reasonable management and maintenance, large-area coverage of moss crusts can be achieved in a relatively short period of time (within 60 days), reaching a crust coverage of more than 96.5% and a crust coverage of 14.6ug / cm 2 The chlorophyll a content of the above moss crusts indicates that the moss crusts are formed rapidly and develop steadily, thus effectively improving the ecological environment of the rocky slopes of barren mountains, preventing soil erosion, and enhancing the stability and diversity of the ecosystem.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the weight ratio of palygorskite to 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol is 1:1.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application strictly controls the weight ratio of palygorskite and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, further improving its ability to improve the salinization of the crust substrate. When the dosage of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol is small, it cannot effectively balance the permanent negative charge on the surface of palygorskite, and it cannot improve the ability of the salt-alkali modifier to adsorb alkali metals; when the dosage of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol is too much, it will block the pores of palygorskite, and still reduce the ability of the salt-alkali modifier to improve the salinization of the crust substrate. Experimental data show that when the weight ratio of palygorskite and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol is 1:1, the salt-alkali modifier can improve the salinization of the crust substrate to the maximum extent within the range of reasonable dosage, strengthen the training of the adaptability of the moss crust, and finally the crust coverage of the moss crust and the rock moss substrate and the chlorophyll a content of the moss crust are improved.

[0010] Preferably, in step S2, the rotation speed is 13200 r / min.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application controls the rotation speed when palygorskite and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol are blended, which can better achieve full mixing of palygorskite and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol and avoid agglomeration. The preparation process of the salt-alkali modifier is precisely controlled to ensure its uniformity and stability, thereby effectively improving the salinization degree of the crust matrix and strengthening the training of the adaptability of the moss crust. Experimental data show that when the rotation speed is 13200r / min, the obtained salt-alkali modifier has a more significant effect on improving the crust coverage of the moss crust and the rock moss matrix, and the chlorophyll a content of the moss crust.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the light intensity during the propagation phase A is controlled to be 22000-24000 lx and the humidity is controlled to be 32-35% RH.

[0013] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present application further controls the light intensity in the propagation period A to 22000-24000lx and the humidity to 32-35%RH, which can more accurately simulate the real environmental conditions that are not conducive to the growth of moss, strengthen the training of the adaptability of moss crusts, thereby effectively improving the adaptability and survival rate of moss crusts in practical applications, which not only helps to improve the growth rate and quality of moss crusts, but also ensures its stable ecological restoration effect in a complex and changeable natural environment.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the amount of the salt-alkali modifier is controlled to account for 0.60-0.65‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the amount of humic acid is controlled to account for 0.10-0.11‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the light intensity during the propagation period B is controlled to be 12000-13000 lx and the humidity is controlled to be 68-72% RH.

[0017] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present application further controls the light intensity in the propagation period A to 12000-13000lx and the humidity to 68-72%RH, and at the same time strictly controls the dosage of saline-alkali modifier and humic acid, which can more accurately simulate the real environmental conditions conducive to the growth of moss, strengthen the training of the adaptability of moss crusts, thereby effectively improving the adaptability and survival rate of moss crusts in practical applications, which not only helps to improve the growth rate and quality of moss crusts, but also ensures its stable ecological restoration effect in a complex and changeable natural environment.

[0018] In the second aspect, the present application provides a moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes obtained by the above-mentioned cultivation method, wherein the crust coverage of the moss crust and rock moss substrate is not less than 96.5%, and the chlorophyll a content of the moss crust is not less than 14.6ug / cm 2 .

[0019] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the moss crust obtained in the present application has undergone high-intensity and high-efficiency adaptation training, and can adapt well to good growth environments and unfavorable growth environments. The adaptability and survival rate in practical applications are both high. Moss crusts with high crust coverage and high chlorophyll a content can be formed on rocky slopes in a short period of time, thereby effectively improving the environment, playing a significant role in afforestation of barren mountains, preventing soil erosion, and improving the stability and diversity of the ecosystem.

[0020] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The cultivation method of the present application can obtain high-vitality crust seed sources. Through scientific and reasonable management and maintenance, large-area coverage of moss crusts can be achieved in a short period of time (within 60 days), reaching a crust coverage of more than 96.5% and a crust coverage of 14.6ug / cm 2 The above chlorophyll a content of moss crusts shows a rapid formation and stable development trend, which effectively improves the ecological environment of the rocky slopes of barren mountains, prevents soil erosion, and enhances the stability and diversity of the ecosystem; 2. The present application can effectively improve the degree of salinization of the crust substrate and strengthen the training of the adaptability of moss crusts by controlling the rotation speed and the ratio of palygorskite and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol when they are blended; 3. This application controls the environmental conditions of the propagation period A and the propagation period B to more accurately simulate the real environmental conditions that are not conducive to the growth of moss and the real environmental conditions that are conducive to the growth of moss, thereby strengthening the training of the adaptability of moss crusts, thereby effectively improving the adaptability and survival rate of moss crusts in practical applications, which not only helps to improve the growth rate and quality of moss crusts, but also ensures its stable ecological restoration effect in a complex and changeable natural environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Material Source Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in this application are all commercially available products, specifically: Palygorskite was purchased from Shandong Guohua Chemical Co., Ltd. with a specification of 600 mesh; 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol was purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. with a CAS number of 4420-74-0; humic acid was purchased from Jiangsu Rayne Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. with a CAS number of 308067-45-0.

[0022] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and comparative examples.

[0023] Example 1.1 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtaining crust substrate and crust provenance: The crust substrate is taken from the soil at a depth of 1-5 cm below the rock slope surface, and the crust substrate is obtained after sieving and removing impurities. The crust provenance is taken from the crust layer with a thickness of 1-2 cm on the surface of the rock slope, and after removing impurities, it is dried in the shade, sieved, and ground to obtain the crust provenance; S2, preparing a saline-alkali modifier: 100 g of palygorskite was dispersed in water, homogenized at a speed of 13000 r / min for 15 min to obtain a palygorskite hydrogel with a palygorskite content of 5 wt%, then 50 g of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol was added, and stirred at a speed of 14000 r / min for 15 min, the mixed solution was filtered to obtain a solid, and the solid was rinsed with anhydrous ethanol 5 times to remove excess 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, and all the solids finally obtained were dried at 75° C. under vacuum, and a saline-alkali modifier was obtained after 12 h; S3, crusting provenance propagation: the crusting matrix obtained in step S1 is spread in a 25cm×25cm×20cm incubator until a matrix layer with a thickness of 2cm is formed, and it is set aside. The crusting provenance obtained in step S2 is spread on top of the matrix layer to obtain a provenance layer with a thickness of 1cm, and enters the propagation phase A, specifically: culture for 3 days under the conditions of a temperature of 35°C, a light intensity of 20000lx, and a humidity of 45%RH, and then enters the propagation phase B, specifically: the saline-alkali modifier and humic acid are dispersed in water, mixed evenly, and then injected into the matrix layer, until the amount of the saline-alkali modifier accounts for 0.8‰ of the total weight of the matrix layer, and the amount of humic acid accounts for 0.8‰ of the total weight of the matrix layer. The total weight of the matrix layer is 0.08‰, and then the temperature is reduced to 25°C, the light intensity is reduced to 10000lx, and the humidity is increased to 70%RH. After culturing for 3 days, the seed layer and the matrix layer are peeled off, and the seed layer is ground. The crust matrix obtained in step S1 is laid as a new matrix layer with a thickness of 2cm, and the ground seed layer is laid on the top of the matrix layer to obtain a new seed layer with a thickness of 1cm. The expansion phase A and the expansion phase B are carried out again in sequence. The expansion phase A and the expansion phase B are repeated for a total of 5 times, and the seed layer at the end of the expansion phase B for the 5th time is peeled off, naturally air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a high-vitality crust seed; S4, field inoculation: inoculate the high-vitality crust seed obtained in step S3 onto the rock slope surface at an inoculation rate of 90 g / m 2 , water once every two days to maintain the moisture content of the rock slope at 42±0.5%. Moss crust and rock moss matrix can be obtained 60 days from the date of inoculation.

[0024] Example 1.2 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtaining crust substrate and crust provenance: The crust substrate is taken from the soil at a depth of 1-5 cm below the rock slope surface, and the crust substrate is obtained after sieving and removing impurities. The crust provenance is taken from the crust layer with a thickness of 1-2 cm on the surface of the rock slope, and after removing impurities, it is dried in the shade, sieved, and ground to obtain the crust provenance; S2, preparing a saline-alkali modifier: 100 g of palygorskite was dispersed in water, homogenized at a speed of 13000 r / min for 15 min to obtain a palygorskite hydrogel with a palygorskite content of 5 wt%, then 200 g of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol was added, and stirred at a speed of 13000 r / min for 15 min, the mixed solution was filtered to obtain a solid, and the solid was rinsed with anhydrous ethanol 5 times to remove excess 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, and all the solids finally obtained were dried at 75° C. under vacuum to obtain a saline-alkali modifier after 12 h; S3, crusting provenance propagation: the crusting matrix obtained in step S1 is spread in a 25cm×25cm×20cm incubator until a matrix layer with a thickness of 1.6cm is formed, and it is set aside. The crusting provenance obtained in step S2 is spread on top of the matrix layer to obtain a provenance layer with a thickness of 0.8cm, and enters the propagation phase A, specifically: culture for 1 day under the conditions of a temperature of 30°C, a light intensity of 25000lx, and a humidity of 30%RH, and then enters the propagation phase B, specifically: the saline-alkali modifier and humic acid are dispersed in water, mixed evenly, and then injected into the matrix layer, until the amount of the saline-alkali modifier accounts for 0.5‰ of the total weight of the matrix layer, and the amount of humic acid accounts for 1‰ of the total weight of the matrix layer. The total weight of the matrix layer is 0.12‰, and then the temperature is reduced to 20°C, the light intensity is reduced to 15000lx, and the humidity is increased to 65%RH. After culturing for 2 days, the seed layer and the matrix layer are peeled off, and the seed layer is ground. The crust matrix obtained in step S1 is laid as a new matrix layer with a thickness of 1.6cm, and the ground seed layer is laid on the top of the matrix layer to obtain a new seed layer with a thickness of 0.8cm. The propagation phase A and the propagation phase B are carried out again in sequence. The propagation phase A and the propagation phase B are repeated for a total of 5 times, and the seed layer at the end of the fifth propagation phase B is peeled off, naturally air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a high-vitality crust seed; S4, field inoculation: inoculate the high-vigor crust seed obtained in step S3 onto the rock slope surface at an inoculation rate of 85 g / m 2 , water once every two days to maintain the moisture content of the rock slope at 42±0.5%. Moss crust and rock moss matrix can be obtained 60 days from the date of inoculation.

[0025] Example 2.1 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 1.1 in that: in step S2, the amount of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol used is 80g, and the rest is the same as Example 1.1.

[0026] Example 2.2 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 1.1 in that: in step S2, the amount of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol used is 100g, and the rest is the same as Example 1.1.

[0027] Example 2.3 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 1.1 in that: in step S2, the amount of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol used is 150g, and the rest is the same as Example 1.1.

[0028] Example 2.4 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 1.1 in that: in step S2, the amount of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol used is 200g, and the rest is the same as Example 1.1.

[0029] Example 3.1 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 2.2 in that: in step S2, the rotation speed is 13000r / min, and the rest is the same as Example 2.2.

[0030] Example 3.2 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 2.2 in that: in step S2, the rotation speed is 13200r / min, and the rest is the same as Example 2.2.

[0031] Example 3.3 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 2.2 in that: in step S2, the rotation speed is 13400r / min, and the rest is the same as Example 2.2.

[0032] Example 3.4 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 2.2 in that: in step S2, the rotation speed is 13600r / min, and the rest is the same as Example 2.2.

[0033] Example 3.5 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 2.2 in that: in step S2, the rotation speed is 13800r / min, and the rest is the same as Example 2.2.

[0034] Example 4.1 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 1.1 in that: in step S3, the light intensity in the propagation period A is controlled to be 22000lx and the humidity is controlled to be 35%RH, and the rest is the same as Example 1.1.

[0035] Example 4.2 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 1.1 in that: in step S3, the light intensity in the propagation period A is controlled to be 24000lx and the humidity is controlled to be 32%RH, and the rest is the same as Example 1.1.

[0036] Example 5.1 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 4.1 in that: in step S3, the amount of salt-alkali modifier is controlled to account for 0.6‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer, and the rest is the same as Example 4.1.

[0037] Example 5.2 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 4.1 in that: in step S3, the amount of salt-alkali modifier is controlled to account for 0.65‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer, and the rest is the same as Example 4.1.

[0038] Example 6.1 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 5.1 in that: in step S3, the amount of humic acid is controlled to account for 0.10‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer, and the rest is the same as Example 5.1.

[0039] Example 6.2 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 5.1 in that: in step S3, the amount of humic acid is controlled to account for 0.11‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer, and the rest is the same as Example 5.1.

[0040] Example 7.1 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 6.1 in that: in step S3, the light intensity in the propagation period B is controlled to be 13000lx and the humidity is 68%RH, and the rest is the same as Example 6.1.

[0041] Example 7.2 A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, which is different from Example 6.1 in that: in step S3, the light intensity in the propagation period B is controlled to be 12000lx and the humidity is 72%RH, and the rest is the same as Example 6.1.

[0042] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1.1 is that the expansion phase A is removed, specifically: S1. Obtaining crust substrate and crust provenance: The crust substrate is taken from the soil at a depth of 1-5 cm below the rock slope surface, and the crust substrate is obtained after sieving and removing impurities. The crust provenance is taken from the crust layer with a thickness of 1-2 cm on the surface of the rock slope, and after removing impurities, it is dried in the shade, sieved, and ground to obtain the crust provenance; S2, preparing a saline-alkali modifier: 100 g of palygorskite was dispersed in water, homogenized at a speed of 13000 r / min for 15 min to obtain a palygorskite hydrogel with a palygorskite content of 5 wt%, then 50 g of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol was added, and stirred at a speed of 14000 r / min for 15 min, the mixed solution was filtered to obtain a solid, and the solid was rinsed with anhydrous ethanol 5 times to remove excess 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, and all the solids finally obtained were dried at 75° C. under vacuum, and a saline-alkali modifier was obtained after 12 h; S3, crusting provenance propagation: the crusting matrix obtained in step S1 is laid in a 25cm×25cm×20cm incubator until a matrix layer with a thickness of 2cm is formed, and the substrate is set aside. The salt-alkali modifier and humic acid are dispersed in water, mixed evenly and injected into the matrix layer until the amount of the salt-alkali modifier accounts for 0.8‰ of the total weight of the matrix layer, and the amount of humic acid accounts for 0.08‰ of the total weight of the matrix layer. The crusting provenance obtained in step S2 is laid on the top of the matrix layer to obtain a provenance layer with a thickness of 1cm, and then cultured for 30 days at a temperature of 25°C, a light intensity of 10000lx, and a humidity of 70%RH. After the end, the provenance layer and the matrix layer are peeled off, naturally air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a high-vitality crusting provenance; S4, field inoculation: inoculate the high-vitality crust seed obtained in step S3 onto the rock slope surface at an inoculation rate of 90 g / m 2 , water once every two days to maintain the moisture content of the rock slope at 42±0.5%. Moss crust and rock moss matrix can be obtained 60 days from the date of inoculation.

[0043] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1.1 is that step S2 for preparing saline-alkali modifier and propagation phase B are removed, specifically: S1. Obtaining crust substrate and crust provenance: The crust substrate is taken from the soil at a depth of 1-5 cm below the rock slope surface, and the crust substrate is obtained after sieving and removing impurities. The crust provenance is taken from the crust layer with a thickness of 1-2 cm on the surface of the rock slope, and after removing impurities, it is dried in the shade, sieved, and ground to obtain the crust provenance; S2, crust provenance propagation: the crust substrate obtained in step S1 is laid in a 25cm×25cm×20cm incubator until a substrate layer with a thickness of 2cm is formed for standby use, the crust provenance obtained in step S2 is laid on top of the substrate layer to obtain a provenance layer with a thickness of 1cm, and cultured for 30 days at a temperature of 35°C, a light intensity of 20000lx, and a humidity of 45%RH. After the culture, the provenance layer and the substrate layer are peeled off, naturally air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a high-vitality crust provenance; S3, field inoculation: The high-vitality crust seed obtained in step S3 was inoculated onto the rock slope surface at an inoculation rate of 90 g / m 2 , water once every two days to maintain the moisture content of the rock slope at 42±0.5%. Moss crust and rock moss matrix can be obtained 60 days from the date of inoculation.

[0044] Performance Testing 1. Crust coverage: The crust coverage of the moss crust and rock moss substrate obtained in the examples and comparative examples at 60 days was measured by the spotting needle frame method. The sampling grid specification was 0.8 cm×0.8 cm. The results are recorded in Table 1. 2. Chlorophyll a content: Moss crusts were collected using a circular hollow tube sampler with a diameter of 1.6 cm. Four samples with an area of ​​2 cm were collected from each culture box. 2 , 5mm thick sample, put the sample into a 0.1mm sieve, rinse with tap water to separate the moss crust from the matrix, dry the moss and put it in a mortar, add a small amount of quartz sand, calcium carbonate and 3mL of 95wt% ethanol, grind it into a homogenate, add 5mL of 95wt% ethanol, continue to grind until the tissue turns white, let it stand for 5min, filter it into a 25mL brown volumetric flask, and rinse it several times with a small amount of 95wt% ethanol until there is no green in the filter paper and residue, finally make up the volume with 95wt% ethanol, colorimetrically determine the pigment, use 95wt% ethanol as blank, measure the absorbance at 665nm and 649nm, and calculate the chlorophyll a content W (ug / cm 2 ):W=(13.95×A 665nm -6.88×A 649nm )V×N×S, where A is the absorbance, V is the volume of the extract (mL), N is the dilution factor, and S is the sampling area of ​​the sample (cm 2 ), and record the results in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1 Performance test table Data Analysis: As can be seen from Table 1, the moss crusts of Examples 1.1-1.2 can reach a crust coverage of more than 96.5% after 60 days of inoculation, and the chlorophyll a content can also reach 14.6-14.8 ug / cm 2 , proving that the present application uses propagation phase A and propagation phase B alternately, thereby gradually training the adaptability of moss provenance, enabling it to maintain high vitality and growth rate in harsh environments, and finally obtains high-vigor crust provenance after multiple propagations. The high-vigor crust provenance is inoculated on the rock slope surface in a certain proportion. Through scientific and reasonable management and maintenance, large-area coverage of moss crust can be achieved in a relatively short period of time, thereby effectively improving the ecological environment of the rock slope surface of the barren mountain, preventing soil erosion, and enhancing the stability and diversity of the ecosystem; In Examples 2.1-2.4, the present application controls different amounts of 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, thereby controlling the weight ratio of palygorskite to 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, wherein the crust coverage and chlorophyll a content of the moss crust of Example 2.2 are both the highest 60 days after inoculation, proving that the present application can improve the salinization of the crust substrate to the greatest extent within a reasonable amount by strictly controlling the weight ratio of palygorskite to 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, thereby strengthening the training of the adaptability of the moss crust; In Examples 3.1-3.5, the present application controls the rotation speed when palygorskite and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol are blended, wherein the crust coverage and chlorophyll a content of the moss crust of Example 3.2 are both the highest after 60 days of inoculation, proving that the present application can improve the salinization of the crust substrate to the maximum extent within a reasonable dosage range by strictly controlling the rotation speed when palygorskite and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol are blended, thereby strengthening the training of the adaptability of the moss crust; The crust coverage and chlorophyll a content of the moss crust of Examples 4.1-4.2 after 60 days of inoculation were higher than those of Example 1.1, proving that the present application further controls the light intensity of the propagation A period to 22000-24000lx and the humidity to 32-35%RH, which can more accurately simulate the real environmental conditions that are not conducive to the growth of moss, strengthen the training of the adaptability of moss crusts, and thus effectively improve the adaptability and survival rate of moss crusts in practical applications, which not only helps to improve the growth rate and quality of moss crusts, but also ensures that it can achieve a stable ecological restoration effect in a complex and changeable natural environment; The crust coverage and chlorophyll a content of the moss crust of Examples 5.1-5.2 after 60 days of inoculation were higher than those of Example 4.1, the crust coverage and chlorophyll a content of the moss crust of Examples 6.1-6.2 after 60 days of inoculation were higher than those of Example 5.1, and the crust coverage and chlorophyll a content of the moss crust of Examples 7.1-7.2 after 60 days of inoculation were higher than those of Example 6.1, which proves that the present application further controls the expansion of the A phase. The light intensity is 12000-13000lx, the humidity is 68-72%RH, and the dosage of saline-alkali modifier and humic acid is strictly controlled, which can more accurately simulate the real environmental conditions conducive to the growth of moss, strengthen the training of the adaptability of moss crusts, and effectively improve the adaptability and survival rate of moss crusts in practical applications. It not only helps to improve the growth rate and quality of moss crusts, but also ensures its stable ecological restoration effect in a complex and changeable natural environment; The crust coverage and chlorophyll a content of the moss crust of Comparative Example 1-2 after 60 days of inoculation are much lower than those of Example 1.1, which proves that the present application gradually trains the adaptability of the moss source by alternating the propagation period A and the propagation period B, so that it can still maintain a high vitality and growth rate in harsh environments. After multiple propagations, a high-vitality crust source is finally obtained. The high-vitality crust source is inoculated on the rock slope in a certain proportion. Through scientific and reasonable management and maintenance, large-area coverage of moss crusts can be achieved in a relatively short time, thereby effectively improving the ecological environment of the rock slope of the barren mountain, preventing soil erosion, and enhancing the stability and diversity of the ecosystem.

[0046] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtain crust substrate and crust provenance; S2. Preparing a saline-alkali modifier: dispersing palygorskite in water, homogenizing to obtain a palygorskite hydrogel, then adding 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol, stirring at a speed of 13000-14000 r / min, filtering to obtain a solid, and drying to obtain a saline-alkali modifier, wherein the weight ratio of palygorskite to 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol is 1:(0.5-2); S3, crust seed propagation: the crust substrate obtained in step S1 is laid as a substrate layer with a thickness of 1.6-2cm for standby use, the crust seed obtained in step S2 is laid on top of the substrate layer to obtain a seed layer with a thickness of 0.8-1cm, and enters the propagation A phase, specifically: culture for 2-3 days under the conditions of temperature of 30-35°C, light intensity of 20000-25000lx, and humidity of 30-45%RH, and then enters the propagation B phase, specifically: disperse the saline-alkali modifier and humic acid in water, mix well and inject into the substrate layer, until the amount of the saline-alkali modifier accounts for 0.5-0.8‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer, and the amount of the humic acid accounts for 0.0 8-0.12‰, then lower the temperature to 20-25℃, reduce the light intensity to 10000-15000lx, and increase the humidity to 65-70%RH, and culture for 2-3 days. After the end, peel off the seed layer and the matrix layer, grind the seed layer, lay the crust matrix obtained in step S1 as a new matrix layer with a thickness of 1.6-2cm, and then re-lay the grinded seed layer on the top of the matrix layer to obtain a new seed layer with a thickness of 0.8-1cm, and then carry out expansion phase A and expansion phase B in sequence again, repeat expansion phase A and expansion phase B for a total of 5 times, and peel off the seed layer at the end of expansion phase B for the 5th time, naturally air-dry, grind, and sieve to obtain high-vitality crust seed; S4, field inoculation: inoculate the high-vigor crust seed obtained in step S3 onto the rock slope surface at an inoculation rate of 85-90 g / m 2 , moss crust and rock moss matrix can be obtained 60 days from the date of inoculation.

2. The method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the weight ratio of palygorskite to 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanethiol is 1:

1.

3. The method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the rotation speed is 13200 r / min.

4. The method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the light intensity during the propagation phase A is controlled to be 22000-24000 lx and the humidity is controlled to be 32-35% RH.

5. The method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the amount of the salt-alkali modifier is controlled to account for 0.60-0.65‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer.

6. The method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the amount of humic acid is controlled to account for 0.10-0.11‰ of the total weight of the substrate layer.

7. The method for cultivating moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the light intensity during the propagation period B is controlled to be 12000-13000 lx and the humidity is controlled to be 68-72% RH.

8. A moss crust and rock moss substrate for rock slopes obtained by the cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The crust coverage of the moss crust and the rock moss matrix is ​​not less than 96.5%, and the chlorophyll a content of the moss crust is not less than 14.6ug / cm 2 .

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