Concrete for manufacturing anti-floating pile and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to concrete for manufacturing an anti-floating pile and a preparation method thereof, the concrete is formed by mixing cement, coarse aggregate, fine sand, a water reducing agent, bentonite, a bentonite inhibitor and water according to a mass ratio calculated by an existing pervious concrete mix proportion formula, and the bentonite inhibitor is formed by mixing 25-30% by mass of zeolite powder, 30-40% by mass of ion exchange resin and 35-45% by mass of calcium carbonate. In the invention, the anti-floating pile is obtained by pouring the concrete, so that the anti-floating capability and the stability of the anti-floating pile can be improved, and meanwhile, the construction process is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anti-floating piles, in particular to concrete for making anti-floating piles and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, most anti-floating measures in engineering rely on physical weight or structural pressure to resist the buoyancy of groundwater. Specifically, the anti-floating ability is improved by increasing the cross-sectional area, increasing the number of anti-floating piles, installing anchor rods or weight blocks. However, these methods are complex to construct and costly, and the anti-floating performance of traditional anti-floating piles is insufficient when the groundwater level fluctuates violently. Designers often increase the number of anti-floating piles due to anti-floating problems, which leads to a sharp increase in building costs. The increased number of anti-floating bodies, especially in riverside areas, will cause excessive water pressure near the river, which will lead to uneven settlement of the building. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the prior art of excessive design of anti-floating piles when dealing with extreme rainfall weather and uneven settlement caused by anti-floating, the present invention provides a concrete using low-cost bentonite as an admixture material for making self-adaptive anti-floating piles and a preparation method thereof. The concrete is used to cast anti-floating piles, which can improve the anti-floating piles according to changes in water level and adaptively increase their own density to improve their anti-floating ability. The water-absorbing fiber effect is used to adjust the uneven base pressure of the base and reduce the water level peak caused by extreme rainfall, thereby effectively improving the anti-floating ability of the building and reducing the cost of the anti-floating engineering measures of the building.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the specific scheme adopted by the present invention is: a concrete for making anti-floating piles, which is formed by mixing cement, coarse aggregate, fine sand, water reducer, bentonite, bentonite inhibitor and water in a mass ratio calculated by the design formula of existing permeable concrete.

[0005] As an optimized solution of the above-mentioned concrete for making anti-floating piles and its preparation method: the bentonite inhibitor is formed by mixing 25-30% by mass of zeolite powder, 30-40% by mass of ion exchange resin and 35-45% by mass of calcium carbonate.

[0006] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned concrete for making anti-floating piles and the preparation method thereof: the particle size of the bentonite is greater than 100 meshes.

[0007] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned concrete for making anti-floating piles and the preparation method thereof: the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 2.4-13.2 mm.

[0008] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned concrete for making anti-floating piles and the preparation method thereof: the particle size of the fine sand is 0.074-0.25 mm.

[0009] A method for preparing concrete for making anti-floating piles comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1, bentonite and cement are mixed and stirred to form a pore-forming base material, and the mass of bentonite is 5-30% of the mass of cement;

[0011] S2, dividing the pore-forming base material into two parts equally, one part of which is mixed with coarse aggregate to form a mixed base material;

[0012] S3, water is divided into two parts according to a mass ratio of 3:7, 30% of water, cement and bentonite inhibitor are added to the mixed base material and mixed and stirred to obtain a preliminary slurry;

[0013] S4, adding fine sand and another part of the pore-forming base material to the preliminary slurry, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0014] S5, adding a water reducing agent and the remaining 70% of water into the mixed slurry, mixing and stirring, and performing an aeration treatment to obtain concrete.

[0015] An anti-floating pile, wherein the base of the anti-floating pile is formed by pouring the above-mentioned concrete.

[0016] As an optimization solution for the above-mentioned anti-floating pile: a plurality of first steel bars extending along the height direction of the base and a plurality of second steel bars perpendicular to the first steel bars are arranged in the base, and the second steel bars are evenly spaced along the height direction of the first steel bars.

[0017] As another optimization solution of the above-mentioned anti-floating pile: an early warning water level line is arranged on the base, and water-absorbing fibers are wound around the second steel bar located above the early warning water level line.

[0018] As another optimization scheme for the above-mentioned anti-floating pile: a water absorption component is arranged above the base, and the water absorption component includes a control unit, a water reservoir and a vacuum water pump for pumping water in the water absorbent fiber into the water reservoir; a water volume sensor is arranged in the water absorbent fiber for monitoring its internal water content and transmitting the monitoring data to the control unit; the control unit controls the opening and closing of the vacuum water pump according to the water content.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention provides a concrete for making anti-floating piles and a preparation method thereof. Bentonite is mixed with cement to form a pore-forming base material, and the pore-forming base material is divided into two parts, one part of which is mixed with coarse aggregate and water, cement and bentonite inhibitor are added to obtain a preliminary slurry, and the other part of the pore-forming base material is added to the preliminary slurry and mixed to obtain a mixed slurry. Finally, the remaining water and water reducer are added to the mixed slurry, and aeration treatment is performed to obtain concrete. First, when the water level rises to the warning water level, the concrete containing bentonite will absorb the rising water, which can increase the weight of the anti-floating pile and increase the density of the anti-floating pile, thereby improving the anti-floating ability of the anti-floating pile; the concrete prepared by the method is poured to obtain the anti-floating pile. Since a uniform pore structure with a high porosity is formed inside the anti-floating pile concrete with special aeration treatment, water outside the anti-floating pile enters the interior through the pore structure and is evenly distributed in the anti-floating pile, promoting the full water absorption and expansion of the bentonite. The high-porosity concrete also prevents the expansion of bentonite particles from causing cracks in the concrete, thereby enhancing the adaptive anti-floating ability of the anti-floating pile.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, water-absorbing fibers are wound around the second steel bar located above the warning water level line. When the groundwater level exceeds the warning water level line, the water-absorbing fibers absorb water for emergency precipitation, thereby improving the strain capacity of the anti-floating piles. The water content of the water-absorbing fibers is monitored by a water volume sensor and the monitoring data is transmitted to a control unit. When the water content exceeds the warning value, the water pump is turned on to extract the moisture inside the anti-floating piles through the water-absorbing fibers, thereby further improving the strain capacity of the anti-floating piles. At the same time, the water pressure inside the anti-floating piles is reduced, thereby affecting the foundation water pressure of this part and preventing uneven foundation pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-floating pile;

[0023] Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the anti-floating pile;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the second steel bar structure;

[0025] Figure numerals: 1. substrate, 101. coarse aggregate, 102. porous base material, 2. first steel bar, 3. second steel bar, 301. water-absorbing fiber, 302. water volume sensor, 4. control unit, 401. water absorption pipe, 402. connecting pipe, 5. water reservoir, 6. sewage pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The parts of the present invention that are not described and disclosed in detail in the following embodiments should be understood as the prior art known or should be known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A concrete for making anti-floating piles is formed by mixing cement, coarse aggregate, fine sand, water reducer, bentonite, bentonite inhibitor and water in a mass ratio calculated by the design formula of permeable concrete. Specifically, the cement is silicate cement, the strength grade is not less than 42.5, and the particle size of the cement is 1-10um, which is conducive to the uniform distribution and stable performance of bentonite, and avoids the decomposition of bentonite due to hydration reaction. The montmorillonite content in the bentonite is greater than 60%, and the particle size of the bentonite is greater than 100 mesh. The water absorption and expansion of the bentonite increases the gravity of the anti-floating pile and thus improves the anti-floating ability of the anti-floating pile. The diameter of the coarse aggregate is 2.4-13.2mm. In this embodiment, three coarse aggregates of different particle sizes are used, and the mass ratio of the three coarse aggregates is 1:1:1. The particle sizes of the three coarse aggregates are: 2.4-4.75mm, 4.75-9.5mm and 9.5-13.2mm respectively. The particle size of fine sand is 0.074-0.25mm. The water reducing agent is melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the water reducing effect reaches 25-35%.

[0029] The bentonite inhibitor is formed by mixing zeolite powder with a mass content of 25-30%, ion exchange resin with a mass content of 30-40% and calcium carbonate with a mass content of 35-45%. The zeolite powder has a particle size of 200 meshes and is used for physically adsorbing ions and organic matter in seawater. The ion exchange resin is formed by mixing a strongly alkaline anion exchange resin and a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in a mass ratio of 1:1 and is used for removing harmful ions in concrete. Sodium carbonate is in a solution ion state and can react with calcium and magnesium ions to generate precipitation, solidify the concrete and promote the expansion of bentonite.

[0030] In this embodiment, the mass ratio of each component in the concrete is determined as follows:

[0031] The mix design of pervious concrete is mainly based on factors such as target porosity, strength requirements, and raw material properties. The following are the steps and formulas for calculating the mix ratio of pervious concrete.

[0032] Step 1: Determine the basic parameters of permeable concrete

[0033] Target porosity (n): Determined according to water permeability requirements, generally 15%-25%.

[0034] Water-cement ratio (W / C): Determined according to strength requirements and workability, usually between 0.25-0.35.

[0035] The mix design of pervious concrete is mainly based on factors such as target porosity, strength requirements, and raw material properties. The following are the steps and formulas for calculating the mix ratio of pervious concrete.

[0036] Step 2: Determine the volume ratio of permeable concrete

[0037] The basis for calculating the mix ratio of permeable concrete is the volume method. The total volume of the material should conform to the following relationship:

[0038]

[0039] in:

[0040] V 总 : Total volume of permeable concrete

[0041] V 水泥 : Volume of cement

[0042] V 水 : The volume of water

[0043] V 粗骨料 : Volume of coarse aggregate

[0044] V 孔隙 : Pore volume of permeable concrete

[0045] Step 3: Porosity calculation formula

[0046] The porosity (n) of permeable concrete can be calculated using the following formula:

[0047]

[0048] Step 4: Calculate material usage

[0049] Cement dosage: Cement dosage is usually determined based on the strength requirements and water-cement ratio of concrete. The calculation formula is:

[0050]

[0051] in:

[0052] W: water consumption (kg / m 3 )

[0053] W / C: Water-cement ratio

[0054] Coarse aggregate quantity: Determine the amount of coarse aggregate by subtracting the volume of cement, water and pores from the total volume of pervious concrete:

[0055] V 粗骨料 =V 总 -(V 水泥 +V 水 +V 孔隙 )

[0056] The formula for calculating the mass of coarse aggregate is:

[0057] M 粗骨料 =V 粗骨料 ×ρ 粗骨料

[0058] in:

[0059] ρ 粗骨料 : Density of coarse aggregate (usually 2600kg / m 3 )

[0060] Water usage: Calculate water usage based on target water-cement ratio and cement usage:

[0061] W=C×W / C

[0062] Step 5: Adjust the ratio and verify

[0063] The mix ratio determined through experiments needs to be verified by tests to ensure that it achieves the designed strength, permeability and construction performance.

[0064] Mixing range of permeable concrete

[0065] According to different engineering requirements, the mix ratio of permeable concrete can be adjusted within a certain range. The following is a general reference mix ratio range:

[0066] Cement dosage: 280-350kg / m 3

[0067] Water-cement ratio: 0.25-0.35

[0068] Coarse aggregate dosage: 1200-1600kg / m 3

[0069] Water consumption: 100-140kg / m 3

[0070] Porosity: 15%-25%

[0071] These parameters can be adjusted according to specific design requirements, especially the porosity and water-cement ratio, which will change according to the actual permeability and strength requirements.

[0072] The final mix is ​​obtained through calculation based on the physical parameters of the actual building materials used.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] A method for preparing concrete for making anti-floating piles comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1, bentonite and cement are mixed and stirred for 3-10 minutes to form a pore-forming base material, the mass of bentonite is 5-30% of the mass of cement. In this embodiment, bentonite and cement are mixed and stirred for 10 minutes to form a pore-forming base material, and the mass ratio of bentonite to cement is 3:10;

[0076] S2, the pore-forming base material is evenly divided into two parts, one part of which is mixed with the coarse aggregate to form a mixed base material. Specifically, the coarse aggregate is added to the mixer, and then half of the pore-forming base material is added and stirred for 0.5-5 minutes to fully mix the coarse aggregate and the pore-forming base material. In this embodiment, the coarse aggregate is added to the mixer, and then half of the pore-forming base material is added and stirred for 5 minutes.

[0077] S3, water is divided into two parts according to a mass ratio of 3:7, 30% of water, cement and bentonite inhibitor are added to the mixed base material and mixed and stirred for 0.5-5 minutes to obtain a preliminary slurry, ensuring that the bentonite inhibitor is evenly distributed and the bentonite is kept in a contracted state during stirring. The amount of cement used in this step is 5-30% of the amount of cement used in step S1. In this embodiment, the amount of cement used in this step is 30% of the amount of cement used in step S1;

[0078] S4, adding fine sand and another part of the pore-forming base material to the preliminary slurry and mixing for 0.5-5 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry, ensuring that the fine sand is evenly distributed and improving the fluidity of the concrete;

[0079] S5, adding a water reducing agent and the remaining 70% of water to the mixed slurry, mixing and stirring for more than 3 minutes, and performing aeration treatment to obtain concrete.

[0080] The concrete prepared by the method is poured to obtain an anti-floating pile, and a specific pore structure is formed inside the anti-floating pile. Water outside the anti-floating pile enters the interior through the pore structure and is evenly distributed inside the anti-floating pile, promoting the full water absorption and expansion of the bentonite, thereby enhancing the adaptive anti-floating ability of the anti-floating pile. The bentonite is located in the pores, avoiding the risk of self-cracking of the concrete due to expansion.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] A method for preparing concrete for making anti-floating piles comprises the following steps:

[0083] S1, bentonite and cement are mixed and stirred for 3 minutes to form a pore-forming base material, the mass of bentonite is 5-30% of the mass of cement. In this embodiment, the mass ratio of bentonite to cement is 1:20;

[0084] S2, dividing the pore-forming base material into two parts, one part of which is mixed with the coarse aggregate to form a mixed base material. Specifically, the coarse aggregate is added into a mixer, and then half of the pore-forming base material is added and stirred for 0.5 minutes to fully mix the coarse aggregate and the pore-forming base material;

[0085] S3, water is divided into two parts according to the mass ratio of 3:7, 30% of water, cement and bentonite inhibitor are added to the mixed base material and mixed and stirred for 0.5 min to obtain a preliminary slurry, ensuring that the bentonite inhibitor is evenly distributed and the bentonite is kept in a contracted state during stirring. The amount of cement used in this step is 5% of the amount of cement used in step S1;

[0086] S4, adding fine sand and another part of the pore-forming base material to the preliminary slurry and mixing and stirring for 0.5 min to obtain a mixed slurry, ensuring that the fine sand is evenly distributed and improving the fluidity of the concrete;

[0087] S5, adding a water reducing agent and the remaining 70% of water to the mixed slurry, mixing and stirring for more than 3 minutes, and performing aeration treatment to obtain concrete.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] A method for preparing concrete for making anti-floating piles comprises the following steps:

[0090] S1, bentonite and cement are mixed and stirred for 5 minutes to form a pore-forming base material, and the mass ratio of bentonite to cement is 1:5;

[0091] S2, the pore-forming base material is evenly divided into two parts, one part of which is mixed with the coarse aggregate to form a mixed base material. Specifically, the coarse aggregate is added into a mixer, and then half of the pore-forming base material is added and stirred for 3 minutes to fully mix the coarse aggregate and the pore-forming base material.

[0092] S3, water is divided into two parts according to the mass ratio of 3:7, 30% of water, cement and bentonite inhibitor are added to the mixed base material and mixed and stirred for 0.5-5 minutes to obtain a preliminary slurry, ensuring that the bentonite inhibitor is evenly distributed and the bentonite is kept in a contracted state during stirring. The amount of cement used in this step is 20% of the amount of cement used in step S1;

[0093] S4, adding fine sand and another part of the pore-forming base material to the preliminary slurry and mixing and stirring for 3 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry, ensuring that the fine sand is evenly distributed and improving the fluidity of the concrete;

[0094] S5, adding a water reducing agent and the remaining 70% of water to the mixed slurry, mixing and stirring for more than 3 minutes, and performing aeration treatment to obtain concrete.

[0095] Example 5

[0096] A kind of anti-floating pile, the base 1 of the anti-floating pile is formed by pouring the concrete described in Example 1. The pouring method is a prior art and will not be described here. Pores are formed between the coarse aggregate 101 in the base 1, and the pore-forming base material 102 is located in the pores. The base 1 is provided with a plurality of first steel bars 2 extending along the height direction of the base 1 and a plurality of second steel bars 3 perpendicular to the first steel bars 2. The number of the first steel bars 2 is 2-4. In this embodiment, the number of the first steel bars 2 is 4. Two adjacent first steel bars 2 are fixedly connected by a plurality of second steel bars 3, and the second steel bars 3 are evenly spaced along the height direction of the first steel bars 2. The first steel bars 2 and the second steel bars 3 are made of stainless steel with aluminum coating, which has excellent yield strength and fracture resistance, improves the durability of the material, and thus improves the stability of the anti-floating pile.

[0097] A warning water level line is provided on the base 1, and water-absorbing fibers 301 are wound around the second steel bars 3 located above the warning water level line. In the present embodiment, the water-absorbing fibers 301 are linear fibers, and are sequentially wound around all the second steel bars 3 located above the warning water level line. When the groundwater exceeds the warning water level line, the water-absorbing fibers 301 can quickly absorb water, thereby improving the emergency response capability of the anti-floating piles and effectively regulating the groundwater level. At the same time, the water-absorbing fibers 301 absorb moisture inside the anti-floating piles, thereby reducing the water pressure inside the base 1 and improving the stability of the anti-floating piles.

[0098] Example 6

[0099] This embodiment is an improved solution made on the basis of embodiment 5, and its main structure is the same as that of embodiment 5, and the improvement lies in that: a water absorption component is arranged above the substrate 1, and the water absorption component includes a control unit 4, a water reservoir 5 and a vacuum water pump for pumping water in the water absorption fiber 301 into the water reservoir 5, and a water volume sensor 302 is arranged in the water absorption fiber 301 for monitoring its internal water content and transmitting the monitoring data to the control unit 4, and the control unit 4 controls the opening and closing of the vacuum water pump according to the water content. Specifically, the water absorption fiber 301 is a linear fiber, one end of the water absorption fiber 301 is located at the warning water level line, and the other end is located at the top of the substrate 1, the inlet of the vacuum water pump is connected to the end of the water absorption fiber 301 located at the top of the substrate 1 through a water absorption pipe 401, and the outlet of the vacuum water pump is connected through a connecting pipe 402. A water sensor 302 is provided in the water-absorbing fiber 301 on each second steel bar 3, which is used to monitor the water content of the water-absorbing fiber 301 and transmit the monitored water content to the control unit 4. When the water content exceeds the preset value, the control unit 4 controls the vacuum water pump to start, and extracts the water inside the matrix 1 and the groundwater through the water-absorbing fiber 301, so as to achieve emergency precipitation and improve the resilience of the anti-floating piles.

[0100] In this embodiment, one end of the connecting pipe 402 away from the vacuum water pump is connected to the water reservoir 5. When the drainage volume is too high, the corresponding water can be discharged into the sewage system through the sewage pipeline 6.

[0101] A water level sensor is arranged outside the base body 1 above the warning water level line. The water level sensor is used to detect the groundwater level and transmit the data to the control unit 4, so as to monitor the groundwater level in real time.

[0102] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A concrete for making anti-floating piles, characterized in that: The concrete is formed by mixing cement, coarse aggregate, fine sand, water reducing agent, bentonite, bentonite inhibitor and water in a mass ratio calculated by the existing permeable concrete design formula.

2. The concrete for making anti-floating piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bentonite inhibitor is formed by mixing 25-30% by mass of zeolite powder, 30-40% by mass of ion exchange resin and 35-45% by mass of calcium carbonate.

3. The concrete for making anti-floating piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of bentonite is greater than 100 mesh.

4. The concrete for making anti-floating piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of coarse aggregate is 2.4-13.2mm.

5. The concrete for making anti-floating piles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of fine sand is 0.074-0.25mm.

6. A method for preparing concrete for making anti-floating piles, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, bentonite and cement are mixed and stirred to form a pore-forming base material, and the mass of bentonite is 5-30% of the mass of cement; S2, dividing the pore-forming base material into two parts equally, one part of which is mixed with coarse aggregate to form a mixed base material; S3, water is divided into two parts according to a mass ratio of 3:7, 30% of water, cement and bentonite inhibitor are added to the mixed base material and mixed and stirred to obtain a preliminary slurry; S4, adding fine sand and another part of the pore-forming base material to the preliminary slurry, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry; S5, adding a water reducing agent and the remaining 70% of water into the mixed slurry, mixing and stirring, and performing an aeration treatment to obtain concrete. 7.An anti-floating pile, characterized in that: The base (1) of the anti-floating pile is formed by pouring the concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. The anti-floating pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a plurality of first steel bars (2) extending in the height direction of the base (1) and a plurality of second steel bars (3) perpendicular to the first steel bars (2), wherein the second steel bars (3) are evenly spaced and distributed in the height direction of the first steel bars (2).

9. The anti-floating pile according to claim 8, characterized in that: A warning water level line is arranged on the base (1), and water-absorbing fibers (301) are wound around the second steel bars (3) located above the warning water level line.

10. The anti-floating pile according to claim 9, characterized in that: A water absorption component is arranged above the base (1), and the water absorption component comprises a control unit (4), a water reservoir (5), and a vacuum water pump for pumping water in the water absorption fiber (301) into the water reservoir (5). A water volume sensor (302) for monitoring the water content therein and transmitting the monitoring data to the control unit (4) is arranged in the water absorption fiber (301), and the control unit (4) controls the opening and closing of the vacuum water pump according to the water content.

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