Application of white rot fungi WH-B-X3 in preparation of feed and preparation method of feed

Abstract

The invention provides application of white rot fungi WH-B-X3 in preparation of a feed and a preparation method of the feed, and belongs to the field of feed processing. According to the application, the white rot fungi are preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on May 8, 2024, the preservation address is Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M 2024884. The white rot fungus WH-B-X3 provided by the embodiment of the invention can be suitable for aerobic fermentation and has good infectious microbe resistance. According to the preparation method of the feed provided by the embodiment of the invention, the seed production time is greatly shortened, so that the seed production efficiency is improved, the seed production cost is further reduced, pile turning is not needed in the fermentation process, the infectious microbe infection probability is further reduced, and the fermentation time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of feed processing, and in particular to an application of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 in preparing feed and a method for preparing feed. Background Art

[0002] As an agricultural waste, straw has the characteristics of wide distribution, large yield, many types and renewable. For a long time, the utilization of straw in feed has always adopted the technical means of green storage and yellow storage, which only changes the palatability of straw to animals, and does not release the nutrients in the straw by decomposing its lignin and cellulose.

[0003] In recent years, the research on the technology of using white rot fungi to ferment straw at room temperature aerobicly has gradually become a hot spot for the application of straw as feed. Studies have found that white rot fungi are aerobic and heat-intolerant fungi, which have strong decomposition ability for lignin and cellulose. Through the room temperature aerobic fermentation of straw by white rot fungi, nutrients such as crude protein in the straw are released. Therefore, the fermented straw and the nutrients it contains are easier to be digested and absorbed by animals.

[0004] At present, there are many microbial strains used for straw fermentation, among which white rot fungi, as an important degradation microorganism, have obvious advantages in straw fermentation. For a long time, many universities and research institutions across the country have invested a lot of manpower and material resources in feasibility demonstration and research and development of the technology of white rot fungi aerobically fermenting straw to produce feed at room temperature, but they are all in the research and development stage of the laboratory, and only small-scale fermentation experiments are carried out in trays. Since white rot fungi belong to low-temperature aerobic fungi, experiments show that even if the oxygen supply is sufficient, the fermentation temperature exceeds 35°C, and the white rot fungi will stop germinating and growing, or even die. In order to ensure the growth of white rot fungi, during the fermentation process, the fermentation materials need to be repeatedly turned over to dissipate heat and supply oxygen for the white rot fungi. However, each turning not only disturbs and interrupts the germination and growth of the white rot fungi, prolongs the fermentation time, but also causes infection by miscellaneous bacteria, etc. The fermentation time is as long as 70-90 days, which makes the preparation cycle of white rot fungi long and the production cost high, and it cannot be promoted and applied in the preparation of agricultural feed using straw.

[0005] Public Content

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present disclosure provides an application of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for preparing feed and a method for preparing feed. The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] On the one hand, the present disclosure provides an application of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for preparing feed, and the plant application includes: the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 Pleurotus ostreatus WH-B-X3 was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on May 8, 2024, with the preservation address being Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, and the preservation number being CCTCC NO:M 2024884.

[0008] In another aspect, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a feed, the method comprising:

[0009] The white rot fungus WH-B-X3 is cultured in the first straw to obtain a primary solid fungus;

[0010] or inoculating the strain of the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 as claimed in claim 1 into a first liquid strain culture medium to obtain a primary liquid strain;

[0011] Adding the first-level solid bacterial strain or the first-level liquid bacterial strain into a solid fermentation vessel containing a second straw for culturing to obtain a second-level solid bacterial strain;

[0012] Adding the secondary solid bacterial strain into a large fermentation tank filled with a second liquid bacterial strain culture medium for culturing to obtain a tertiary bacterial strain;

[0013] aerobically fermenting the third-level bacteria and the third straw in a fermentation vessel at room temperature to obtain a fermentation product;

[0014] The fermentation product is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid product as the feed.

[0015] Specifically, the first liquid culture medium and the second liquid culture medium have the same ingredients, and the first liquid culture medium includes: soybean meal powder, molasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and water, and the weight portions of the soybean meal powder, the molasses, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the magnesium sulfate and the water are: 0.3-0.5 parts, 3-5 parts, 0.05-0.06 parts, 0.05-0.06 parts and 119.7-126 parts respectively.

[0016] Specifically, the preparation method also includes pre-treatment of the first straw and the second straw, crushing the first straw and the second straw to 40-60 mesh, then removing impurities and spraying and soaking, so that the moisture content of the first straw and the second straw is 62-67%, and then sterilizing the first straw and the second straw.

[0017] Specifically, the solid strain fermentation vessel is the solid strain fermentation vessel provided by application number 202220918864.1.

[0018] Specifically, the preparation method also includes: adding the configured second liquid strain culture medium into a large fermentation tank and sterilizing it; then reversely pressing a portion of the second liquid strain culture medium into the solid strain fermentation vessel, stirring and mixing a portion of the second liquid strain culture medium with the secondary solid strain to obtain a mixture, and pressing the mixture in the solid strain fermentation vessel into the large fermentation tank for culturing to obtain a tertiary strain.

[0019] Specifically, the temperature in the large fermentation tank is 28°C, the tank pressure is 0.05 MPa, the fan blades of the large fermentation tank are used for stirring during the culture process, and the rotation speed of the large fermentation tank is 100 rpm. The air valve of the large fermentation tank is opened for ventilation, and the ventilation volume is 0.7 m 3 / h. When the dissolved oxygen content decreases after 43h to 46h of cultivation, adjust the ventilation rate to 1m 3 / h~1.2m 3 / h.

[0020] Furthermore, the preparation method also includes: before inoculating the third-level liquid bacteria, crushing the third straw to 2-10CM, then removing impurities and spraying and soaking to make the moisture content of the third straw 50-60%, and then sterilizing the third straw.

[0021] Specifically, the sterilization treatment of the third straw is carried out in a high-temperature steam sterilizer for herbal crushed materials provided by application number 202021737630.4. The sterilization time is 20 to 25 minutes, the sterilization temperature is 121°C to 123°C, and the temperature during inoculation of the third straw is less than or equal to 28°C.

[0022] Specifically, the room temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out in a fermentation vessel provided by application number 201810874868.2, and the room temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out in an open environment. During the room temperature aerobic fermentation process, the four sides and the top of the fermentation vessel are covered with non-woven fabrics, and a bleach solution is sprayed once a day in the open environment to disinfect miscellaneous bacteria, and the concentration of the bleach solution is 0.3% to 0.5%.

[0023] Specifically, the normal temperature aerobic fermentation lasts for 18 to 20 days, the temperature of the open environment is 10 to 32° C., the humidity of the open environment is 60 to 90%, and the humidity in the fermentation vessel is 55 to 70%.

[0024] Specifically, the preparation method further comprises: drying the solid product, and preparing the dried solid product into particles to obtain the feed.

[0025] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the present invention provides an application of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for preparing feed and a method for preparing feed, and the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to aerobic fermentation and has good resistance to foreign bacteria. The method for preparing feed provided by the embodiment of the present invention greatly shortens the seed production time, thereby improving the seed production efficiency, thereby reducing the seed production cost, and the fermentation process does not require turning the pile, thereby further reducing the probability of foreign bacteria infection and shortening the fermentation time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a mycelium growth diagram of the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 provided in Example 2 of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a state diagram of the liquid white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for production provided in Example 2 of the present disclosure after 3 hours;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a microscopic photograph of the liquid strain provided in Example 2 of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the growth of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 in a solid strain fermentation vessel provided in Example 2 of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in further detail below.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] The present disclosure provides an application of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for preparing feed, and the application includes: white rot fungus WH-B-X3 Pleurotus ostreatus WH-B-X3 was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on May 8, 2024, and the deposit address is Wuhan, China, Wuhan University, and the deposit number is CCTCC NO: M2024884. The white rot fungus WH-B-X3 belongs to the genus of wood-decaying fungi. Wood-decaying fungi and grass-decaying fungi are collected in large quantities in nature, and inoculated into straw for aerobic fermentation experiments respectively. White rot fungi with strong ability to decompose lignin and cellulose are selected from them. At the same time, the white rot fungi are purified, optimized and cultivated against infection by foreign bacteria to obtain the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, which makes the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 provided in the embodiment of the present invention suitable for aerobic fermentation and has good ability to resist foreign bacteria.

[0034] Embodiment 2

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing feed, which uses a primary solid bacterial strain and specifically includes:

[0036] The straw is crushed, dusted and infiltrated to obtain a first straw, wherein the first straw has a moisture content of 62-67% after infiltration. The first straw is placed in a triangular flask with a magnetic rotor, and the triangular flask is sterilized in a steam sterilization furnace to obtain a first-level straw solid bacterial culture medium; the sterilization temperature is 121-123° C., the sterilization pressure is 0.1 MPa, and the sterilization time is 30-50 min. After sterilization, the temperature is reduced to 25-28° C. and can be used for subsequent operations;

[0037] The strain of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 cultured on the plate is inoculated into a triangular flask containing a first-level straw solid strain culture medium, with an inoculation ratio of 2-10%, and cultured in an incubator at a temperature of 25-30°C for 5-9 days to obtain a first-level solid strain;

[0038] In the clean bench, add appropriate amount of sterilized water to the triangular flask containing the magnetic rotor and the primary straw solid culture medium for dilution, stir on a magnetic stirrer for 20 to 40 seconds, and set aside.

[0039] Observe the mycelial growth of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 with naked eyes. Figure 1 As shown, the mycelium of the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 fully grows through the primary straw solid culture medium, and is pure white in color without contamination by other bacteria, and can be used for subsequent expanded culture.

[0040] The straw is crushed, dusted and soaked to obtain a second straw. In this embodiment, the moisture content of the soaked second straw is 62-67%. The second straw is sterilized at a temperature of 121-123° C., a pressure of 0.1 MPa and a time of 30-50 min. After sterilization, the temperature is reduced to 25-28° C. and can be used for subsequent operations.

[0041] The second straw is placed in a solid bacterial culture fermentation vessel, which is a solid bacterial culture fermentation vessel provided by application number CN202220918864.1, and water is added and stirred evenly to make the water content of the vessel 62-67%, and steam high-temperature sterilization is performed, the temperature is set at 121-123°C, and the time is set for 30-50 minutes. After the sterilization is completed, the temperature is lowered to 25-28°C, and the vessel is used as a solid bacterial culture medium for standby use;

[0042] Inoculate the first-level solid bacteria into a solid bacteria fermentation vessel at an inoculation rate of 2% to 10%, set the air pressure to 0.3 to 0.5 MPa, and culture at a temperature of 23 to 28° C. for 3 to 5 days to obtain a second-level solid bacteria;

[0043] The second liquid culture medium is prepared according to 80% of the total volume of the large fermentation tank, and the prepared second liquid culture medium is placed in the large fermentation tank. The second liquid culture medium is sterilized by steam at high temperature, the sterilization temperature is set to 121-123° C., the sterilization time is set to 30-50 minutes, and after the sterilization is completed, the temperature is lowered to 25-28° C. to obtain a sterilized second liquid culture medium.

[0044] After sterilizing the delivery pipeline connecting the solid strain fermentation vessel and the large fermentation tank, according to the mass ratio of the secondary solid strain to the second liquid strain culture medium of 1: (10-15), a part of the second liquid strain culture medium is reversely pressed from the large fermentation tank into the solid strain fermentation vessel, the secondary solid strain is diluted, the machine is turned on and stirred evenly, and then pressed into the large fermentation tank, mixed with the second liquid strain culture medium and inoculated to carry out liquid strain production.

[0045] The temperature of the large fermentation tank is set at 28°C and the tank pressure is set at 0.05Mpa. During the fermentation, the fan is used for stirring, and the speed of the fan is 100rpm. The air valve is opened for ventilation, and the ventilation volume is 0.7m 3 / h, after 43h~46h, the dissolved oxygen content decreases, and the ventilation volume is adjusted to 1m 3 / h~1.2m 3 / h. After continuous cultivation for 24 hours, the third-level strain, namely the strain of liquid white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for production, was obtained.

[0046] Specifically, the second liquid culture medium includes: soybean meal powder, molasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight portions of soybean meal powder, molasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate are 0.3-0.5 parts, 3-5 parts, 0.05-0.06 parts and 0.05-0.06 parts respectively. In this embodiment, the weight portions of soybean meal powder, molasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and water in the liquid culture medium are 0.4 parts, 4 parts, 0.05 parts, 0.05 parts and 126 parts respectively.

[0047] 100 mL of the strain of liquid white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for production was taken and placed in a conical flask, and its pH value was measured using a pH meter. The pH value of the strain of liquid white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for production provided in this embodiment was 6.0. When the pH value was 5.0-7.0, it indicated that the strain of liquid white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for production was in good growth state.

[0048] After the strain of liquid white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for production in the conical flask was left to stand for 3 hours, it was observed that the bacterial solution was clear without turbidity, and the bacterial balls grew evenly, accounting for more than 90% of the total volume, which indicated that the strain of liquid white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for production met the requirements. Figure 2 shown.

[0049] Then the strain of liquid white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for production was examined under a microscope, specifically including: using a pipette to absorb the above bacterial liquid, dropping a drop (including bacterial balls) onto a glass slide, and carefully observing its state under a microscope with a 40x objective lens. It can be seen that the liquid strain in the field of view grows plumply without foreign bacteria, which indicates that the culture process is good. Figure 3 shown.

[0050] The straw is processed by a spray, crushing, infiltration and dust removal unit for agricultural organic waste provided by Patent No. ZL202221165864.5, so that the length of the crushed straw is 2 to 10 cm, and the third straw is obtained. The third straw is soaked for 3 hours to make the water content of the third straw 50 to 60%.

[0051] The third straw is subjected to steam high temperature sterilization, the temperature is set at 121-123°C, and the time is set at 15-18 minutes;

[0052] The straw is processed by a spraying, crushing, infiltration and dust removal unit for agricultural organic waste provided by Patent No. ZL202221165864.5.

[0053] After sterilizing the conveying pipeline connecting the large fermentation tank of the third-level liquid strain and the automatic weighing and proportioning inoculator provided by application number 202221028709.9, the third-level strain and the sterilized third straw are simultaneously sent into the inoculator for automatic weighing and proportioning inoculation. The inoculation amount is set to 15% to 25%, the stirring is 30s, and the inoculated third straw is automatically unloaded into the fermentation vessel with application number 201810874868.2, and aerobic fermentation is carried out at room temperature in an open environment. The normal temperature aerobic fermentation time is 18 to 20 days, the open environment temperature is 10 to 32°C, the humidity of the open environment is 60 to 90%, the humidity in the solid strain fermentation vessel is 55 to 70%, and the thickness of the third straw in the fermentation vessel can be 40 to 120 cm.

[0054] During the aerobic fermentation process at room temperature, the sides and top of the fermentation vessels are covered with non-woven fabrics to avoid single-box infection or cross-infection. The fermentation workshop is sprayed with bleach solution once a day to disinfect bacteria, and the concentration of the bleach solution is 0.3% to 0.5%.

[0055] After the fermentation is finished, the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 can be seen to have grown all over the solid culture fermentation vessel, and the mycelium is white in color, which indicates that the fermentation effect is good. Figure 4 shown.

[0056] The entire fermentation process is carried out in the fermentation vessel. Through the unique physical structure of the fermentation vessel, the heat generated by the fermentation of the third straw in the fermentation vessel causes the air to expand due to heat, which discharges the heat and drives cold air into the fermentation vessel. This cycle is repeated to ventilate, dissipate heat and provide oxygen for the normal temperature aerobic fermentation of white rot fungi. Avoiding heat dissipation and oxygen supply through turning over and tossing, thereby avoiding the fermentation process from being interrupted by humans, thereby shortening the fermentation time, ensuring the continuity of fermentation, and avoiding the problem of infection caused by miscellaneous bacteria due to turning over and tossing. On the 8th day after the inoculation of the third straw, the hyphae of the white rot fungi can grow all over the fermentation material and cover the fermentation vessel, shortening the entire fermentation time to 18 to 20 days.

[0057] The fermentation product together with the fermentation vessel is transported to the box material unloading platform with patent number ZL 202021738846.2 for unloading, broken up and transported to the solid-liquid separator for solid-liquid separation. The rotation speed of the solid-liquid separator is 1460rpm; the solid fermentation product obtained after solid-liquid separation is dried and granulated to obtain a solid product as feed.

[0058] In this embodiment, a spraying, crushing, infiltration and dust removal unit for agricultural organic waste provided by Patent No. ZL202221165864.5 is used to pre-treat the third straw.

[0059] Specifically, the third straw is steam sterilized using the herbal crushed material high temperature steam sterilizer provided by application number 202021737630.4, the sterilization temperature is 121-123°C, and the sterilization time is 18-25 minutes.

[0060] Furthermore, the preparation method further comprises: cooling the sterilized third straw. In the present embodiment, the third straw can be cooled to 25-28° C. by blowing air through a series of fans during the transportation process.

[0061] Specifically, this embodiment uses a fermentation vessel with invention patent number 201810874868.2 for fermentation. During fermentation, non-woven fabric can be covered on the top and around the fermentation vessel to prevent infection. In this embodiment, the inoculation process can be carried out in the inoculation workshop, and the fermentation process can be carried out in the fermentation workshop, and both the inoculation workshop and the fermentation workshop are subjected to 10,000-level air purification.

[0062] In this embodiment, a high-temperature sterilized material automatic weighing, cooling and proportioning inoculation integrated machine provided by application number 202021028709.9 is used for automatic temperature calibration, weighing and proportioning inoculation, and the automatic temperature calibration temperature is set to within 30°C;

[0063] In practice, in order to facilitate feeding of animals, the particles can be prepared into cylinders with a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 10 to 20 mm, and the particles can be packaged for easy transportation and sale.

[0064] Specifically, the first straw, the second straw and the third straw can all be at least one of wheat straw, rice straw, corn straw, potato straw, rape straw, cotton straw and sugarcane straw. In this embodiment, the first straw, the second straw and the third straw are all wheat straw.

[0065] Specifically, the feed is suitable for ruminants, such as cattle, sheep, deer and the like.

[0066] The solid product after drying was tested and found to contain 5.63% crude protein, 9.1% crude fiber, 18.2% crude ash, 29.7% neutral fiber, and 27.5% acid fiber. Other technical indicators are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1 is the technical indicators of the solid product

[0068] project index Mass fraction of organic matter (on an oven-dry basis), % ≥40 <![CDATA[Total nutrient content (N + P 2 O 5 + K 2 O) mass fraction (on dry basis]]> ≥5 Humic acid (drying basis), % ≥10 Effective viable bacteria count, pieces / g ≥20 million Seed germination index (GI), % ≥70 Mass fraction of water (fresh sample), % ≤30 pH 5.5～8.5 Number of bacteria, pieces / g ≤100 Pest and egg mortality, % ≥95

[0069] The feed provided in this embodiment is used for animal feeding, specifically as follows:

[0070] 199 70-day-old commercial cattle were obtained from the market, half male and half female, with similar bloodline and body condition. The growth period was before feeding to 55 kg, and they were fed 3 times a day (7:30, 12:30, 17:30); the fattening period was from 55 kg to slaughter, and they were fed twice a day (8:30, 15:30).

[0071] 60 cattle were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 4 in each replicate. All pigs in each group were homogeneous (P>0.05). The experiment adopted a single factor experimental design and fed different diets. At the same time, the white rot fungi purchased by Shanghai Xuke Biotechnology Co., Ltd. replaced the feed prepared by the white rot fungi provided in the example of the present application as a control group. The specific feeding conditions are shown in Table 2.

[0072] Table 2 shows the dietary composition of different groups

[0073] Group Daily Diet Experimental Group 50% basic diet + 50% feed provided in this embodiment Control group Feed fermented with white rot fungi provided by Shanghai Xuanke Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0074] The experimental results are recorded, as shown in Table 3.

[0075] Table 3 shows the experimental results.

[0076]

[0077] At the same time, the cost is statistically calculated, as shown in Table 4.

[0078] Table 4 shows the cost statistics.

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Combining Tables 3 and 4, it can be seen that from June 3, 2023 to October 24, 2023, the breeding cost of the experimental group decreased by 2.43 yuan / head per day, which was 11.89% lower than that of the control group; the daily weight gain increased by 0.23kg / day compared with the control group, which was 21.30% higher than that of the control group; the final benefit increased by 726.32 yuan, which was 107.73% higher than that of the control group; and the breeding cycle to reach the market weight was shortened by 21 days, and the breeding efficiency was increased by 15.9% compared with the control group. The management cost and depreciation cost of plant equipment brought about by the shortened breeding cycle were not included. It can be considered that the feed prepared by the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a significant improvement in breeding benefits.

[0082] Embodiment 3

[0083] The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the embodiment of the present invention adopts a primary liquid strain, specifically comprising: a first liquid strain culture medium is contained in a triangular flask, the strain of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 cultured on a plate is inoculated into the first liquid strain culture medium, and is shaken and cultured at a temperature of 25 to 30° C. and a rotation speed of 50 to 250 rpm for 5 to 9 days to obtain a primary liquid strain for standby use.

[0084] In this embodiment, in this embodiment, the first liquid culture medium includes: soybean meal powder, molasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and water in amounts of 0.3 parts, 3 parts, 0.06 parts, 0.06 parts and 119.7 parts by weight respectively.

[0085] In this embodiment, the second liquid culture medium includes: soybean meal powder, molasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and water in amounts of 0.4 parts, 4 parts, 0.55 parts, 0.55 parts and 120 parts by weight respectively.

[0086] The remaining steps are the same as those in the second embodiment.

[0087] The experimental results of using the feed provided in this example for animal feeding were not significantly different from those in Example 2.

[0088] The embodiment of the present invention provides an application of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for preparing feed and a method for preparing feed. The white rot fungus WH-B-X3 provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to aerobic fermentation and has good anti-bacteria ability. The method for preparing feed provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the entire fermentation process is carried out in a fermentation vessel with application number 201810874868.2. Through the unique physical structure of the fermentation vessel, the heat generated in the straw fermentation process in the fermentation vessel causes the air to rise due to thermal expansion, discharges the heat, and drives cold air into the fermentation vessel. This cycle is repeated to ventilate, dissipate heat, and provide oxygen for the normal temperature aerobic fermentation of white rot fungi. Avoid heat dissipation and oxygen supply by turning over, thereby avoiding the fermentation process from being interrupted by humans, thereby shortening the fermentation time, ensuring the continuity of the fermentation, and avoiding the problem of bacterial infection caused by turning over and dissipating heat. On the 8th day of inoculation, the hyphae of the white rot fungi can grow all over the fermentation material and cover the fermentation vessel, shortening the entire fermentation time to 18 to 20 days. This greatly shortens the fermentation time, improves the fermentation efficiency, and reduces the fermentation cost; and there is no need to turn the pile during the fermentation process, which further shortens the fermentation process; the preparation method can fully release the nutrients in the third straw, which is more conducive to digestion and absorption by ruminants. At the same time, the preparation method provided in this embodiment is combined with a series of self-developed equipment such as the solid strain fermentation dish with application number 202220918864.1 and the fermentation vessel with application number 201810874868.2 to form an automated production line. The automated production line is clean and efficient, and there is no sewage and harmful gas emissions in the entire production process, achieving zero pollution and zero residue;

[0089] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An application of white rot fungus WH-B-X3 for preparing feed, characterized in that: The application includes: the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 was deposited in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on May 8, 2024, the deposit address is Wuhan, China, Wuhan University, and the deposit number is CCTCC NO:M 2024884.

2. A method for preparing a feed, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: Cultivating the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 as claimed in claim 1 in the first straw to obtain a primary solid fungus; or inoculating the strain of the white rot fungus WH-B-X3 as claimed in claim 1 into a first liquid strain culture medium to obtain a primary liquid strain; Adding the first-level solid bacterial strain or the first-level liquid bacterial strain into a solid bacterial strain fermentation vessel containing the second straw for culturing to obtain a second-level solid bacterial strain; Adding the secondary solid bacterial strain into a large fermentation tank filled with a second liquid bacterial strain culture medium for culturing to obtain a tertiary bacterial strain; aerobically fermenting the third-level bacteria and the third straw in a fermentation vessel at room temperature to obtain a fermentation product; The fermentation product is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid product as the feed.

3. The method for preparing feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first liquid culture medium and the second liquid culture medium have the same ingredients, and the first liquid culture medium includes: soybean meal powder, molasses, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and water, and the weight portions of the soybean meal powder, the molasses, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the magnesium sulfate and the water are: 0.3-0.5 parts, 3-5 parts, 0.05-0.06 parts, 0.05-0.06 parts and 119.7-126 parts respectively.

4. The method for preparing feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method also includes pre-treatment of the first straw and the second straw, crushing the first straw and the second straw to 40-60 mesh, removing impurities and spraying and soaking, so that the moisture content of the first straw and the second straw is 62-67%, and then sterilizing the first straw and the second straw.

5. The method for preparing feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solid strain fermentation vessel is the solid strain fermentation vessel provided by application number 202220918864.

1.

6. The method for preparing feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method also includes: adding the configured second liquid culture medium into a large fermentation tank and sterilizing it; then reversely pressing a portion of the second liquid culture medium into the solid culture fermentation vessel, stirring and mixing a portion of the second liquid culture medium with the secondary solid culture to obtain a mixture, and pressing the mixture in the solid culture fermentation vessel into the large fermentation tank for culturing to obtain a tertiary culture.

7. The method for preparing feed according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature in the large fermentation tank was 28°C, the tank pressure was 0.05 MPa, the fan blades of the large fermentation tank were used for stirring during the culture process, and the rotation speed of the large fermentation tank was 100 rpm. The air valve of the large fermentation tank was opened for ventilation, and the ventilation volume was 0.7 m 3 / h. When the dissolved oxygen content decreases after 43h to 46h of cultivation, adjust the ventilation rate to 1m 3 / h~1.2m 3 / h.

8. The method for preparing feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises: before inoculating the third-level liquid bacteria, crushing the third straw to 2-10CM, removing impurities and spraying and soaking to make the moisture content of the third straw 50-60%, and then sterilizing the third straw.

9. The method for preparing feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The room-temperature aerobic fermentation is carried out in a fermentation vessel provided by application number 201810874868.2, and is carried out in an open environment. During the room-temperature aerobic fermentation, the four sides and the top of the fermentation vessel are covered with non-woven fabrics, and a bleaching solution is sprayed once a day in the open environment to disinfect miscellaneous bacteria, and the concentration of the bleaching solution is 0.3% to 0.5%.

10. The method for preparing feed according to claim 9, characterized in that: The time of the normal temperature aerobic fermentation is 18 to 20 days, the temperature of the open environment is 10 to 32° C., the humidity of the open environment is 60 to 90%, and the humidity in the fermentation vessel is 55 to 70%.

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