Furnace opening method of oxygen-enriched side-blown front bed integrated smelting furnace

Abstract

The invention provides a blow-in method of an oxygen-enriched side-blown front bed integrated smelting furnace, belongs to the technical field of smelting furnaces, and aims to solve the problem of long molten pool making time caused by deep coke combustion insufficiency of a local bed molten pool of an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, and the blow-in method comprises the following steps: after coke around an electrode is fully paved with water granulated slag, an inserted electrode is in contact with the coke to start arcing; according to the electrode consumption condition, the electrode is put down or connected in time to guarantee normal supplement of heat in the front bed; adjusting the current step by step; the height of the molten pool is consistent with that of the joint; firewood is put into the hearth of the hearth, the firewood is ignited, and bottom coke is put into the hearth; coke is added into the observation hole and the middle feed opening, and the air holes are gradually opened according to the coke combustion condition to improve the air supply amount; after the bottom coke becomes red, coke and block slag are added from the two sides of the uptake flue and a standby feed opening in the furnace top, and the adding proportion of the coke and the block slag each time is controlled to be 1: 3 till the molten pool of the bed overflows a primary air opening; after slag appears at a primary tuyere, automatic feeding is carried out, and oxygen-enriched air is blown in to start feeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting furnaces, and more specifically, particularly relates to a method for starting an oxygen-enriched side-blowing front-bed integrated smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] The oxygen-enriched side-blown front bed integrated smelting furnace is a kind of equipment used for smelting metals, which consists of an oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool and an electric heating front bed. The materials are continuously added into the furnace from the feeding port on the top of the bed furnace through the feeding system. The oxygen-enriched air is sprayed from the bed furnace to the molten pool through the primary air port on the side of the furnace bottom. The oxygen-enriched air reacts with the fuel to generate high temperature, thereby accelerating the melting and smelting of the metal. The melt enters the electric heating front bed through the siphon port of the front bed of the bed furnace for depletion and sedimentation, realizing the separation of metal and waste slag. At present, the main furnace opening method is the blast furnace molten pool method, which uses solid materials to form a material column in the bed furnace, blows air from the primary air port, and the material gradually melts to form a molten pool. It enters the electric heating front bed through the front bed connection port of this bed, and the electrode is energized to maintain the molten pool.

[0003] In the actual production process, the blast furnace molten pool method is used. The molten pool of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is deep, the coke combustion is incomplete, and it is easy to produce excessive carbon monoxide, causing explosion. In addition, the hot melt produced by the bed furnace flows into the front bed and it takes time for the melt surface to pass through the tuyere once, resulting in a long molten pool time, a large amount of coke is consumed in the process, and the cost of starting the furnace is increased.

[0004] Therefore, in view of this, the existing structure and defects are studied and improved, and a method for starting an oxygen-enriched side-blown front bed integrated smelting furnace is provided, in order to achieve a more practical purpose. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for starting an oxygen-enriched side-blown front-bed integrated smelting furnace to solve the problems that the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace has a deep bed molten pool, the coke is not fully burned, and excessive carbon monoxide is easily generated, causing explosions, and the hot melt generated by the bed furnace needs to wait for the melt surface to pass through the tuyere once after flowing into the front bed, resulting in a long molten pool making time, a large amount of coke is consumed in the process, and the cost of starting the furnace is increased.

[0006] The purpose and effect of the furnace opening method of an oxygen-enriched side-blowing front bed integrated smelting furnace of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means:

[0007] A method for starting an oxygen-enriched side-blowing front bed integrated smelting furnace comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Electric heating front bed starting and S2: Main bed starting;

[0009] S1: Electric heating front bed starting includes:

[0010] S11: After the coke and slag are spread all around the electrode, control the electrode current to 3-5KA and the secondary voltage to 80-85V. Always pay attention to the current and voltage, and whether the electrode is abnormally red. If any problems are found, deal with them in time.

[0011] S12: After one hour of electric baking, the molten slag is baked. The prepared slag is added into the furnace. The thickness of the slag is strictly controlled. The thickness of the slag is determined by the fact that no arc light can be seen.

[0012] S13: According to the electrode consumption, timely lower or connect the electrode to ensure normal heat replenishment in the front bed and avoid the front bed from freezing;

[0013] S14: When adjusting the current, it must be adjusted step by step, that is, the current adjustment needs to be gradually reduced and increased in a gradient, and the voltage and current of the three electrodes should be balanced as much as possible. When detecting the slag surface, the steel drill must not touch the two electrodes at the same time to prevent the electrodes from short-circuiting and injuring people;

[0014] S15: When the molten pool height reaches 650mm, the front bed is started and the current bed starts;

[0015] S2: This bed furnace includes:

[0016] S21: Firewood is put into the furnace to 800mm above the primary air eye, and the firewood is ignited from the furnace top discharge port after the furnace door is sealed. After the firewood is fully burned, the bottom coke is added;

[0017] S22: Add 1 t of coke from the observation holes on the north and south sides of the vertical flue, and add 2 t of coke from the middle discharge port. Gradually open the air eye to increase the air supply volume depending on the coke combustion situation;

[0018] S23: After the bottom coke turns red, lump slag and coke are added. The time for making the molten pool is controlled within 5 hours. In the first 2 hours and 30 minutes, materials are added from the vertical flue and the charging port at the same time. Every 20 minutes, materials are added manually from both sides of the vertical flue and the furnace top feeding port. Each side adds 1000kg of lump slag and 330kg of coke each time; the furnace top charging port adds 1500kg of lump slag and 500kg of coke each time. In the next 2 hours and 30 minutes, materials are added from the vertical flue and the charging port at the same time every 30 minutes according to the above proportions;

[0019] S24: After slag is seen at the primary air outlet, the belt automatically loads the material, and oxygen-enriched air is blown in to start feeding and normal production is carried out.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention provides a method for rapidly forming a molten pool in an oxygen-enriched side-blowing front bed integrated smelting furnace, that is, the front bed and the front bed are opened at the same time. The method can realize rapid and safe molten pool formation, improve production efficiency, shorten furnace opening time, make full use of smelting reaction heat, and reduce fuel consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of a method for starting an oxygen-enriched side-blowing front-bed integrated smelting furnace according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] Example:

[0027] As attached Figure 1 As shown:

[0028] The present invention provides a method for starting an oxygen-enriched side-blowing front bed integrated smelting furnace, comprising the following steps:

[0029] S1: Electric heating front bed starting and S2: Main bed starting;

[0030] S1: Electric heating front bed starting includes:

[0031] S11: Spread a layer of coke about 20cm thick around the front bed electrode, spread the furnace bottom with water slag around the coke, control the electrode current to 3-5KA, and the secondary voltage to 80-85V. Always pay attention to the current and voltage, and whether the electrode is abnormally red. If any problems are found, deal with them in time;

[0032] S12: After one hour of electric baking, the molten slag is baked. The prepared slag is added into the furnace. The thickness of the slag is strictly controlled. The thickness of the slag is determined by the fact that no arc light can be seen.

[0033] S13: According to the electrode consumption, timely lower or connect the electrode to ensure normal heat replenishment in the front bed and avoid the front bed from freezing;

[0034] S14: When adjusting the current, it must be adjusted step by step, that is, the current adjustment needs to be gradually reduced and increased in a gradient, and the voltage and current of the three electrodes should be balanced as much as possible. When detecting the slag surface, the steel drill must not touch the two electrodes at the same time to prevent the electrodes from short-circuiting and injuring people;

[0035] S15: When the molten pool height reaches 650mm, the front bed is started and the current bed starts;

[0036] S2: This bed furnace includes:

[0037] S21: Firewood is put into the furnace to 800mm above the primary air eye, and the firewood is ignited from the furnace top discharge port after the furnace door is sealed. After the firewood is fully burned, the bottom coke is added;

[0038] S22: Add 1 t of coke from the observation holes on the north and south sides of the vertical flue, and add 2 t of coke from the middle discharge port. Gradually open the air eye to increase the air supply volume depending on the coke combustion situation;

[0039] S23: After the bottom coke turns red, lump slag and coke are added. The time for making the molten pool is controlled within 5 hours. In the first 2 hours and 30 minutes, materials are added from the vertical flue and the furnace top charging port at the same time. Every 20 minutes, materials are added manually from both sides of the vertical flue and the furnace top discharge port. Each side adds 1000kg of lump slag and 330kg of coke each time; the furnace top discharge port adds 1500kg of lump slag and 500kg of coke each time. In the next 2 hours and 30 minutes, materials are added from the vertical flue and the furnace top charging port at the same time every 30 minutes according to the above proportions;

[0040] S24: After slag is seen at the primary tuyere, the belt conveyor automatically feeds materials to the vertical flue and the furnace top discharge port, and oxygen-enriched air is blown in to start feeding and normal production is carried out.

[0041] The present invention provides a method for rapidly forming a molten pool in an oxygen-enriched side-blowing front bed integrated smelting furnace, that is, the front bed and the front bed are opened at the same time. The method can realize rapid and safe molten pool formation, improve production efficiency, shorten furnace opening time, make full use of smelting reaction heat, and reduce fuel consumption.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A method for starting an oxygen-enriched side-blowing front bed integrated smelting furnace, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Electric heating front bed starting and S2: Main bed starting; S1: Electric heating front bed starting includes: S11: After the coke and slag are fully spread around the electrode, the electrode current is controlled to 3-5KA and the secondary voltage is 80-85V; S12: Add the prepared slag into the furnace and strictly control the thickness of the slag. The thickness of the slag should be such that no arc light can be seen. S13: According to the electrode consumption, timely lower or connect the electrode to ensure normal heat replenishment in the front bed and avoid the front bed from freezing; S14: When adjusting the current, be sure to adjust it step by step; S15: When the height of the molten pool is consistent with the height of the connection, the front bed is started, and the current bed starts; S2: This bed furnace includes: S21: Firewood is put into the hearth of the main hearth, and the firewood is ignited from the feeding port on the top of the furnace after the furnace door is sealed. After the firewood is fully burned, the bottom coke is put into the furnace; S22: Add coke to the observation hole and the middle feeding port, and gradually open the air eye to increase the air supply volume according to the coke combustion situation; S23: After the bottom coke turns red, coke and lump slag are added from both sides of the ascending flue and the spare unloading port on the furnace top. The ratio of coke and lump slag added each time is controlled at 1:3 until the molten pool of the current bed overflows the tuyere once; S24: After slag is seen at the primary tuyere, material is automatically loaded, oxygen-enriched air is blown in to start feeding, and normal production is carried out.

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