Ecological restoration method for high and steep quicksand side slope and hoisting and uniform spreading device

Abstract

The invention discloses a high and steep quicksand side slope ecological restoration method and a hoisting and uniform-spreading device, and relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, the high and steep quicksand side slope is included, a uniform-spreading frame is arranged on the high and steep quicksand side slope, inlet and outlet openings are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the uniform-spreading frame, and a uniform-spreading mechanism is installed on the uniform-spreading frame; the uniform spreading mechanism comprises positioning sliding rails fixedly mounted on the two sides of the uniform spreading frame, sliding blocks are slidably mounted on the positioning sliding rails, positioning sleeve rods are fixedly mounted on the sliding blocks, telescopic rods are slidably mounted in the positioning sleeve rods, feeding hoppers are movably mounted on the telescopic rods, the uniform spreading mechanism is mounted on the uniform spreading frame, and a dustproof mechanism is mounted on the uniform spreading frame. According to the ecological restoration method for the high and steep quicksand side slope and the hoisting and uniform spreading device, the uniform spreading mechanism can be used for uniformly spreading a sand stabilization material on the surface of the high and steep quicksand side slope, the spreading thickness of the sand stabilization material can be adjusted, and the dust prevention mechanism and the wetting mechanism are matched for use, so that flying dust can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration method for a high-steep quicksand slope and a hoisting and spreading device. Background Art

[0002] "Quicksand slope" refers to the original sandy soil, which is cut during the excavation of highways, open-pit mining and other excavation projects to form a flowing sand slope. Due to the influence of limiting factors such as land boundaries or mine boundaries, high and steep quicksand slopes with slope angles greater than 35° are formed on both sides of the road or on the slopes of open-pit mines.

[0003] The high and steep quicksand slopes have extremely poor stability. They slide down from top to bottom under the action of gravity, wind erosion and water erosion, resulting in serious loss of water and fertilizer, which increases the difficulty of ecological restoration. In order to improve the stability of the high and steep quicksand slopes and create conditions for the implementation of the project, the sand-fixing materials must be evenly laid on the surface of the quicksand slopes during the repair of the quicksand slopes. According to the existing technical means, the sand-fixing materials are usually grabbed by grabbing machinery and then dumped on the surface of the high and steep quicksand slopes. These sand-fixing materials are mainly a mixture of bentonite, red clay and coal gangue. After dumping, there will be uneven paving and uneven thickness. They need to be flattened again by manual labor, which increases the cost. In the process of the sand-fixing materials falling from the grab to the slope surface, a large amount of dust will be generated, which not only pollutes the environment, but also poses a threat to the health of the operators. In addition, under windy weather conditions, the sand-fixing materials that have just been spread are easily blown away by the wind, which makes it difficult for the repair work to proceed smoothly, seriously affecting the efficiency and quality of the repair work. Therefore, an ecological restoration method for high and steep quicksand slope and a hoisting and spreading device are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for ecological restoration of high-steep quicksand slopes and a hoisting and spreading device to solve the difficult problems of ecological restoration of high-steep quicksand slopes and the problems of uneven spreading and dust that are easily generated during the spreading of sand-fixing materials in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for ecological restoration of a high and steep quicksand slope comprises the following steps: Step 1: Artificially build a small interception platform; Step 2: Manually cooperate with machinery to lift and dump the sand-fixing materials from top to bottom, so that the sand-fixing materials are fully distributed on the surface of the high and steep quicksand slope; Step 3: After spraying water on the slope, manually re-trim the interception platform and manually compact the platform; Step 4: Dig planting holes on the inner side of the stable platform and plant carbon sink shrubs; Step 5: After planting, lay blocky coal gangue on the unplanted areas of the planting platform.

[0006] Preferably, the specifications of the interception small platforms are: width 20 - 30 cm, length 300 - 500 cm, distributed in a staggered shape like a pin, with a 50 - cm width reserved between the platforms to enhance the interception ability of the slope for the sand - fixing materials, enabling the sand - fixing materials to be effectively distributed on the surface of the high - steep flowing - sand slope. At the same time, it can retain water and reduce the scouring force of construction watering on the slope.

[0007] Preferably, the sand - fixing material is a mixture of bentonite, red clay, and coal gangue, and is thoroughly mixed. The proportion of bentonite is 15 - 30%, the proportion of red clay is 55 - 75%, and the proportion of coal gangue is 10 - 15%. The bentonite is selected in a loose soil form, and the original gangue particle size is less than 30 cm. The dumping amount of the sand - fixing material should meet the requirement that the thickness of the sand - fixing material intercepted by the upper part of the interception small platform reaches 25 cm.

[0008] Preferably, the planting density of the carbon - sink cup shrubs is: 5 holes per square meter, arranged in a "pin" shape layout, with 2 - 3 plants per hole. The shrubs are selected as slope - protecting vegetation with developed roots and strong stress resistance. The carbon - sink cup shrubs are planted integrally. Before planting, they are saturated with water. The blocky coal gangue is selected as the original gangue, and those with a particle size less than 15 cm can be used.

[0009] A hoisting and spreading device, including a flowing - sand slope, on which there are interception small platforms. It is characterized in that: there is a spreading frame on the flowing - sand slope. Both the upper and lower ends of the spreading frame are provided with access openings. A spreading mechanism is installed on the spreading frame. The spreading mechanism includes positioning slide rails fixedly installed on both sides of the spreading frame. Sliders are slidably installed on the positioning slide rails. A positioning sleeve rod is fixedly installed on the slider. An expansion rod is slidably installed in the positioning sleeve rod. A feeding funnel is movably installed on the expansion rod. A feeding port is fixedly installed at the bottom of the feeding funnel. A dust - proof mechanism is installed on the spreading frame. The dust - proof mechanism includes receiving shells fixedly installed at both the upper and lower ends of the spreading frame. A lower winding roller is rotatably installed in the receiving shell at the lower end of the spreading frame. An upper winding roller is rotatably installed in the receiving shell at the upper end of the receiving shell. A dust - proof cloth is arranged between the lower winding roller and the upper winding roller. Driving shafts are provided on both the upper winding roller and the lower winding roller. Driving motors are fixedly installed on the receiving shells at both ends of the spreading frame. A wetting mechanism is fixedly installed on the back of the feeding funnel.

[0010] Preferably, a lifting ring is fixedly installed on the slider. A locking bolt is provided at the edge of the end of the positioning sleeve rod. A movable shaft is rotatably installed at the edge of the upper end of the expansion rod. A movable hole is opened at the edge of the upper end of the expansion rod. The movable shaft is rotatably installed on the expansion rod through the movable hole; The slider is slidably installed on both sides of the spreading frame through positioning slide rails, the feeding funnel is movably installed above the spreading frame through the slider, the telescopic rod is restricted in the positioning sleeve rod through a locking bolt, and the feeding funnel is movably installed on the telescopic rod through a movable shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a feed notch and a pipe notch are provided on the surface of the dustproof cloth, bearings are provided at both ends of the storage shell, the drive shaft is movably installed in the storage shell through the bearings, a coupling is provided at the output end of the drive motor, and one end of the drive shaft is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor through the coupling.

[0012] Preferably, the spreading port passes through the dustproof cloth through the feeding notch, and both ends of the dustproof cloth extend out of the spreading frame through the inlet and outlet notches. One end of the dustproof cloth is fixedly mounted on the lower winding roller, and the other end of the dustproof cloth is fixedly mounted on the upper winding roller. The upper winding roller and the lower winding roller are both rotatably mounted in the storage shell through a driving shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the wetting mechanism includes a positioning bracket fixedly installed on the back of the feeding funnel, a positioning sleeve fixedly installed on the end of the positioning bracket, a fixing bolt installed on the positioning sleeve, a metal pipe is provided in the positioning sleeve, a conveying hose is fixedly installed on one end of the metal pipe, a wetting pipe is fixedly installed on the other end of the metal pipe, and a drainage hole is fixedly installed on the bottom of the wetting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the metal pipe is fixedly installed in the positioning sleeve by means of fixing bolts, the metal pipe is fixedly installed on the back of the feeding funnel by means of a positioning bracket, and the lower end of the metal pipe passes through the dustproof cloth through the pipe notch.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present application, the sliding mechanism of the feeding funnel along the spreading frame enables the sand-fixing material to be evenly spread on the surface of the quicksand slope through the spreading port. By loosening the locking bolt, the extension length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted, and then the distance between the spreading port and the quicksand slope can be adjusted to control the laying thickness of the sand-fixing material. Compared with the traditional grab bucket lifting method, this method significantly improves the uniformity of spreading and reduces the generation of dust.

[0016] In the present application, the synchronous rotation of the lower winding roller and the upper winding roller can be achieved through the operation of the driving motor. The rotation action prompts the lower winding roller and the upper winding roller to reel in or release the dustproof cloth, so that the feed notch and the pipe notch on the dustproof cloth can be adjusted accordingly with the movement of the spreading port and the metal pipe. This mechanism ensures that the dustproof cloth continues to cover the surface of the paved sand-fixing material, preventing strong winds from blowing away the sand-fixing material, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of paving operations in windy environments.

[0017] 2. In the present application, during the paving process of the sand-fixing material, the feeding funnel slides down along the paving frame, and the wetting pipe at the end of the metal pipe also slides down synchronously. When the wetting pipe slides down along the paving frame, water can be transported to the inside of the wetting pipe through the delivery hose. The water transported to the wetting pipe will be discharged through the drainage hole, thereby wetting the laid sand-fixing material, reducing the fluidity of the sand-fixing material, and effectively preventing the strong wind from blowing away the sand-fixing material after the dustproof cloth is removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the spreading framework of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the spreading mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the dust-proof mechanism of the present invention Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the wetting mechanism of the present invention; Fig. 9 The figure is a flow chart of the quicksand slope ecological restoration method of the present invention.

[0019] Numbers in the figure: 1. High and steep quicksand slope; 2. Small intercepting platform; 3. Spreading frame; 4. Inlet and outlet gap; 5. Spreading mechanism; 501. Positioning slide rail; 502. Spreading port; 503. Sliding block; 504. Lifting ring; 505. Locking bolt; 506. Positioning sleeve rod; 507. Movable shaft; 508. Telescopic rod; 509. Feeding funnel; 6. Dust-proof mechanism; 601. Lower winding roller; 602. Dust-proof cloth; 603. Feeding gap; 604. Upper winding roller; 605. Storage shell; 606. Pipeline gap; 607. Driving shaft; 608. Driving motor; 7. Wetting mechanism; 701. Positioning bracket; 702. Delivery hose; 703. Fixing bolt; 704. Positioning sleeve; 705. Metal pipe; 706. Wetting pipe; 707. Drain hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for an ecological restoration method of a high-steep quicksand slope and a hoisting and spreading device, comprising a high-steep quicksand slope 1, a small interception platform 2 being provided on the high-steep quicksand slope 1, a spreading frame 3 being provided on the high-steep quicksand slope 1, inlet and outlet notches 4 being provided at both upper and lower ends of the spreading frame 3, a spreading mechanism 5 being installed on the spreading frame 3, a dust prevention mechanism 6 being installed on the spreading frame 3, a wetting mechanism 7 being fixedly installed on the back of a feeding funnel 509, the spreading mechanism 5 can evenly spread the sand-fixing material on the surface of the quicksand slope 1, and can adjust the spreading thickness of the sand-fixing material, and the dust prevention mechanism 6 and the wetting mechanism 7 can be used in conjunction with each other to reduce the generation of dust.

[0022] like Figure 2 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the spreading mechanism 5 includes a positioning slide rail 501 fixedly installed on both sides of the spreading frame 3, a slider 503 is slidably installed on the positioning slide rail 501, a positioning sleeve rod 506 is fixedly installed on the slider 503, a telescopic rod 508 is slidably installed in the positioning sleeve rod 506, a feeding funnel 509 is movably installed on the telescopic rod 508, a material spreading port 502 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the feeding funnel 509, a lifting ring 504 is fixedly installed on the slider 503, a locking bolt 505 is provided at the end edge of the positioning sleeve rod 506, a movable shaft 507 is rotatably installed at the upper edge of the telescopic rod 508, a movable hole is opened at the upper edge of the telescopic rod 508, and the movable shaft 507 is rotatably installed on the telescopic rod 508 through the movable hole.

[0023] Specifically, when the feeding funnel 509 slides downward along the spreading frame 3, the sand-fixing material will be discharged through the spreading port 502, so that the sand-fixing material can be evenly spread on the surface of the high and steep quicksand slope 1. In addition, by loosening the locking bolt 505, the extension length of the telescopic rod 508 can be adjusted, thereby changing the distance between the spreading port 502 and the quicksand slope 1. This adjustment method can effectively control the spreading thickness of the sand-fixing material to achieve the best sand-fixing effect. Compared with the traditional method of using a grab bucket to lift and dump the sand-fixing material onto the surface of the quicksand slope 1, the design of this feeding funnel 509 can significantly improve the uniformity of spreading and reduce the generation of dust, thereby reducing the impact on the environment.

[0024] like Figure 2 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the dust-proof mechanism 6 includes a storage shell 605 fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the spreading frame 3, a lower winding roller 601 is rotatably installed in the storage shell 605 at the lower end of the spreading frame 3, an upper winding roller 604 is rotatably installed in the storage shell 605 at the lower end of the storage shell 605, a dust-proof cloth 602 is provided between the lower winding roller 601 and the upper winding roller 604, a driving shaft 607 is provided on the upper winding roller 604 and the lower winding roller 601, a driving motor 608 is fixedly installed on the storage shells 605 at both ends of the spreading frame 3, and a feeding notch 603 and a pipeline notch 606 are opened on the surface of the dust-proof cloth 602.

[0025] Specifically, the operation of the driving motor 608 can effectively drive the lower winding roller 601 and the upper winding roller 604 to rotate. When the lower winding roller 601 and the upper winding roller 604 start to rotate, they will perform the action of winding or releasing. This action allows the feed notch 603 and the pipe notch 606 on the dustproof cloth 602 to adjust their positions accordingly following the movement of the spreading port 502 and the metal pipe 705. Such a design ensures that the dustproof cloth 602 can always cover the surface of the paved sand-fixing material, thereby effectively preventing the adverse effects of strong winds on the sand-fixing material, so that the paving operation can proceed smoothly even in a strong wind environment.

[0026] like Figure 2 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the wetting mechanism 7 includes a positioning bracket 701 fixedly installed on the back of the loading funnel 509, a positioning sleeve 704 is fixedly installed at the end of the positioning bracket 701, a fixing bolt 703 is installed on the positioning sleeve 704, a metal pipe 705 is arranged in the positioning sleeve 704, a conveying hose 702 is fixedly installed at one end of the metal pipe 705, a wetting pipe 706 is fixedly installed at the other end of the metal pipe 705, a drainage hole 707 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the wetting pipe 706, the metal pipe 705 is fixedly installed on the back of the loading funnel 509 through the positioning bracket 701, and the lower end of the metal pipe 705 passes through the dustproof cloth 602 through the pipe notch 606.

[0027] Specifically, when the feeding funnel 509 slides downward along the spreading frame 3, the wetting pipe 706 connected to the lower end of the metal pipe 705 will also slide downward along the spreading frame 3 along with the feeding funnel 509 accordingly. In this process, the wetting pipe 706 can receive water supply from the outside through the delivery hose 702. With the continuous delivery of water, the water in the wetting pipe 706 will be discharged in an orderly manner through the drainage hole 707. In this way, the water can be evenly sprinkled on the already spread sand-fixing material, effectively wetting the sand-fixing material. In this way, the fluidity of the sand-fixing material can be significantly reduced, thereby preventing the sand-fixing material from being blown away by the wind in windy weather, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the sand-fixing project.

[0028] Refer to the attached Fig. 9 , a method for ecological restoration of high and steep quicksand slopes, specifically comprising the following steps: Step 1: Artificially build a small interception platform; Step 2: Manually cooperate with machinery to lift and dump the sand-fixing materials from top to bottom, so that the sand-fixing materials are fully distributed on the surface of the high and steep quicksand slope; Step 3: After spraying water on the slope, manually re-trim the interception platform and manually compact the platform; Step 4: Dig planting holes on the inner side of the stable platform and plant carbon sink shrubs; Step 5: After the planting is completed, the unplanted areas on the planting platform are paved with lumps of coal gangue.

[0029] Working principle: When in use, first set up the spreading frame 3 on the surface of the high and steep quicksand slope 1 and tie a rope to the lifting ring 504. After the spreading frame 3 is set up on the surface of the high and steep quicksand slope 1, the sand-fixing material can be loaded into the loading funnel 509. After the loading funnel 509 is filled with the sand-fixing material, the rope can be slowly released. After the rope is slowly released, the slider 503 will slide downward along the positioning slide rail 501. When the slider 503 slides downward along the positioning slide rail 501, the loading funnel 509 will slide downward along the spreading frame 3. When the loading funnel 509 slides downward along the spreading frame 3, the sand-fixing material will be discharged through the spreading port 502, so that the sand-fixing material is evenly spread on the surface of the high and steep quicksand slope 1. After loosening the locking bolt 505, the extension length of the telescopic rod 508 can be adjusted to change the distance between the spreading port 502 and the quicksand slope 1, and the spreading thickness of the sand-fixing material can be adjusted. In the process of spreading the sand-fixing material, the drive motor 608 can be started. After 608, it will drive the lower winding roller 601 and the upper winding roller 604 to rotate. After the lower winding roller 601 and the upper winding roller 604 rotate, they will roll up or release the dustproof cloth 602, so that the feeding notch 603 and the pipeline notch 606 on the dustproof cloth 602 move with the spreading port 502 and the metal pipeline 705 respectively, so that the dustproof cloth 602 always covers the surface of the paved sand-fixing material to prevent the strong wind from blowing up the sand-fixing material at will. At the same time, the feeding funnel 509 moves along the spreading frame 3 When sliding downward, the wetting pipe 706 at the lower end of the metal pipe 705 will also slide downward along the spreading frame 3 following the loading funnel 509. When the wetting pipe 706 slides downward along the spreading frame 3, water can be transported into the wetting pipe 706 through the conveying hose 702. The water transported into the wetting pipe 706 will be discharged through the drainage hole 707, thereby sprinkling the water on the spread sand-fixing material, moistening the sand-fixing material, reducing the fluidity of the sand-fixing material, and preventing the sand-fixing material from being blown away by strong wind.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of high and steep quicksand slopes, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Manually construct an interception small platform; Step 2: Manually cooperate with machinery to hoist and pour the sand-fixing materials from top to bottom, so that the sand-fixing materials are fully distributed on the surface of the high-steep flowing sand slope; Step 3: After spraying water on the slope surface, manually re-trim the interception platform and step on the platform manually to compact it; Step 4: Manually dig planting holes inwardly inclined from the inside of the stable platform and plant carbon sink cup shrubs; Step 5: After the planting is completed, lay block-shaped coal gangue on the unplanted area of the planting platform.

2. The method for ecological restoration of high and steep quicksand slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specifications of the interception small platform are: width 20 - 30 cm, length 300 - 500 cm, distributed in a staggered "pin" shape, and a width of 50 cm is reserved between the platforms to enhance the interception ability of the slope to the sand-fixing materials, so that the sand-fixing materials can be effectively distributed on the surface of the high-steep flowing sand slope, and at the same time, it can retain water and reduce the scouring force of construction watering on the slope surface.

3. The method for ecological restoration of high and steep quicksand slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand-fixing material is a mixture of bentonite, red clay and coal gangue, and is fully mixed. The proportion of bentonite is 15 - 30%, the proportion of red clay is 55 - 75%, and the proportion of coal gangue is 10 - 15%. The bentonite is selected in a loose soil form, and the original gangue particle size is less than 30 cm. The dumping amount of the sand-fixing material should meet the requirement that the thickness of the sand-fixing material intercepted by the upper part of the interception small platform reaches 25 cm.

4. The method for ecological restoration of high and steep quicksand slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting density of the carbon sink cup shrubs is: 5 holes / ㎡, arranged in a "pin" shape, 2 - 3 plants / hole. The shrubs selected are slope protection vegetation with developed Forsythia suspensa roots and strong stress resistance. The carbon sink cup shrubs are planted integrally and saturated with water before planting. The block-shaped coal gangue is selected from the original gangue, and any particle size less than 15 cm can be used.

5. A hoisting and spreading device, suitable for the high and steep quicksand slope ecological restoration method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a high and steep quicksand slope (1), wherein a small interception platform (2) is provided on the high and steep quicksand slope (1), and is characterized in that: a spreading frame (3) is provided on the high and steep quicksand slope (1), wherein both upper and lower ends of the spreading frame (3) are provided with inlet and outlet notches (4), a spreading mechanism (5) is installed on the spreading frame (3), and the spreading mechanism (5) comprises a positioning slide rail (501) fixedly installed on both sides of the spreading frame (3), a slider (503) is slidably installed on the positioning slide rail (501), a positioning sleeve rod (506) is fixedly installed on the slider (503), a telescopic rod (508) is slidably installed in the positioning sleeve rod (506), a feeding funnel (509) is movably installed on the telescopic rod (508), and a material spreading port (509) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the feeding funnel (509). 2), a dustproof mechanism (6) is installed on the spreading frame (3), and the dustproof mechanism (6) includes a storage shell (605) fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the spreading frame (3), a lower winding roller (601) is rotatably installed in the storage shell (605) at the lower end of the spreading frame (3), an upper winding roller (604) is rotatably installed in the storage shell (605) at the lower end of the storage shell (605), a dustproof cloth (602) is provided between the lower winding roller (601) and the upper winding roller (604), and a driving shaft (607) is provided on the upper winding roller (604) and the lower winding roller (601), and a driving motor (608) is fixedly installed on the storage shells (605) at both ends of the spreading frame (3), and a wetting mechanism (7) is fixedly installed on the back of the feeding funnel (509).

6. A hoisting and spreading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lifting ring (504) is fixedly mounted on the slider (503); a locking bolt (505) is provided at the end edge of the positioning sleeve rod (506); a movable shaft (507) is rotatably mounted at the upper end edge of the telescopic rod (508); a movable hole is provided at the upper end edge of the telescopic rod (508); and the movable shaft (507) is rotatably mounted on the telescopic rod (508) through the movable hole; The slider (503) is slidably installed on both sides of the spreading frame (3) through the positioning slide rail (501), the loading funnel (509) is movably installed above the spreading frame (3) through the slider (503), the telescopic rod (508) is restricted in the positioning sleeve rod (506) through the locking bolt (505), and the loading funnel (509) is movably installed on the telescopic rod (508) through the movable shaft (507).

7. The hoisting and spreading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the dustproof cloth (602) is provided with a feed notch (603) and a pipe notch (606); bearings are provided at both ends of the storage shell (605); the drive shaft (607) is movably installed in the storage shell (605) through the bearings; a coupling is provided at the output end of the drive motor (608); one end of the drive shaft (607) is fixedly installed at the output end of the drive motor (608) through the coupling.

8. A hoisting and spreading device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spreading port (502) passes through the dustproof cloth (602) through the feeding notch (603), and both ends of the dustproof cloth (602) extend out of the spreading frame (3) through the entry and exit notches (4). One end of the dustproof cloth (602) is fixedly mounted on the lower winding roller (601), and the other end of the dustproof cloth (602) is fixedly mounted on the upper winding roller (604). The upper winding roller (604) and the lower winding roller (601) are both rotatably mounted in the storage shell (605) via a driving shaft (607).

9. A hoisting and spreading device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wetting mechanism (7) comprises a positioning bracket (701) fixedly mounted on the back of the feeding funnel (509), a positioning sleeve (704) fixedly mounted on the end of the positioning bracket (701), a fixing bolt (703) mounted on the positioning sleeve (704), a metal pipe (705) arranged inside the positioning sleeve (704), a conveying hose (702) fixedly mounted on one end of the metal pipe (705), a wetting pipe (706) fixedly mounted on the other end of the metal pipe (705), and a drainage hole (707) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the wetting pipe (706).

10. A hoisting and spreading device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The metal pipe (705) is fixedly installed in the positioning sleeve (704) via a fixing bolt (703), and the metal pipe (705) is fixedly installed on the back of the feeding funnel (509) via a positioning bracket (701). The lower end of the metal pipe (705) passes through the dustproof cloth (602) via the pipe notch (606).

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