Composite rotary steering drilling device under high build-up rate condition

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to a composite rotary steering drilling device under a high build-up rate condition, which comprises an expansion structure and a lubricating structure, the expansion structure comprises a shape memory alloy framework arranged in the groove, and the shape memory alloy framework can change the shape according to the temperature change; the lubricating structure comprises a plurality of shells arranged on the groove, the two ends of each shell are arranged on the opposite side walls of the groove respectively, flexible sealing cloth is arranged on the face, facing the shape memory alloy framework, of each shell, an upper cavity and a lower cavity are formed in each shell through a partition plate, through holes are formed in the partition plates, and lubricating oil is contained in the upper cavities and the lower cavities. A discharge hole is formed in the outer wall of the lower cavity and sealed through rubber, and a cross-shaped crack is formed in the rubber. The method is used for solving the problem that under the long-time operation condition of a mandrel, due to the fact that lubrication of the mandrel is insufficient and lubricating oil cannot be supplemented in time, the mandrel is damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, and in particular to a composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions. Background Art

[0002] The composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions is an advanced directional drilling tool, which is usually composed of a steerable drilling tool assembly, a sensor system, a control unit and a power drive system.

[0003] As the core transmission component of the drill bit, the mandrel is subjected to great mechanical and thermal stress during high-inclination drilling. Under high-speed rotation and high-load conditions, the high-speed relative movement between the mandrel and the bearing produces intense friction, and the stress cycle inside the mandrel causes internal friction of the material, which will generate a certain amount of heat; and the increase in temperature will reduce the viscosity of the lubricating oil, weaken its load-bearing capacity and oil film strength, increase the evaporation loss of the lubricating oil, and reduce the amount of effective lubricant. Insufficient lubrication will cause a significant increase in the friction coefficient between the mandrel and the bearing, which will not only generate more heat, but also accelerate the wear of parts; without sufficient lubricating oil to carry away the heat, the temperature of the mandrel will rise rapidly, causing thermal expansion and deformation; therefore, long-term insufficient lubrication will lead to serious faults such as the mandrel getting stuck or breaking, causing drilling operations to be interrupted. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions, which is used to solve the problem that the mandrel is damaged due to insufficient lubrication of the mandrel and inability to replenish lubricating oil in time under long-term operation conditions.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions, comprising a rotary outer sleeve and a core shaft arranged in the rotary outer sleeve, characterized in that it also comprises a groove opened on the core shaft and an expansion structure and a lubrication structure arranged in the groove; The expansion structure includes a shape memory alloy skeleton disposed in the groove, the shape memory alloy skeleton being capable of changing shape according to temperature changes; The lubrication structure includes several shells arranged on the groove, and the two ends of the shells are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the groove. The side of the shell facing the shape memory alloy skeleton is set as a flexible sealing cloth. An upper cavity and a lower cavity are formed in the shell through a partition. A through hole is opened on the partition. The upper cavity and the lower cavity are both filled with lubricating oil. A leakage hole is opened on the outer wall of the lower cavity. The leakage hole is sealed by rubber, and a cross crack is opened on the rubber.

[0006] It should be noted that it also includes a control system, a temperature sensor, a cooling hose and a regulating device; A temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature between the mandrel and the rotating jacket; A cooling hose is sleeved on the outer wall of the shape memory alloy frame, the cooling hose is filled with phase change material, and the cooling hose is made of elastic material; A regulating device, used for regulating the pressure of the phase change material, and the regulating device is connected to the cooling hose; The control system controls the regulating device to regulate the pressure of the phase change material according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

[0007] It should be noted that an elastic ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the cooling hose, and the elastic force of the elastic ring is smaller than the squeezing force of the cooling hose after the shape memory alloy skeleton expands.

[0008] It should be noted that the groove is spirally shaped, and the cooling hose is spirally wound in the groove.

[0009] It should be noted that a placement groove is provided on the side wall of the groove, the upper cavity of the shell is located in the placement groove, and the lower cavity is located in the groove.

[0010] It should be noted that the shell and the groove are detachably connected.

[0011] It should be noted that the discharge hole is located at the bottom of the lower cavity.

[0012] It should be noted that the local spacing of the core shaft is divided into a plurality of connecting elements, and the plurality of connecting elements are connected to each other.

[0013] It should be noted that an elastic support member is provided between the core shaft rotating sleeve.

[0014] It should be noted that the control system also includes a data processing unit for analyzing temperature change trends and predicting future temperature changes.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. The present application provides an expansion structure and a lubrication structure on the mandrel, and the temperature rise of the mandrel region causes the expansion structure to expand. After the expansion structure expands, it pushes the lubrication structure to squeeze the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil can be replenished under a specific temperature environment, which is used to solve the technical problem of damage to the mandrel due to long-term insufficient lubrication after the temperature rises; 2. The present application arranges a cooling hose on the surface of the mandrel, and the cooling hose is filled with a phase change material, the regulating device is connected to the cooling hose, and the control system controls the regulating device to adjust the pressure of the phase change material according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. The phase change material absorbs heat and begins to melt, and can provide a suitable cooling effect in time; 3. The present application provides a placement groove on the side wall of the groove, so that the upper cavity is completely free from contact with the cooling hose and will not hinder the extrusion of the cooling hose and the flexible sealing cloth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a specific schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the A part of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure inside the shell of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shape memory alloy skeleton of the present invention before and after deformation; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic ring and the cooling hose of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the shell of the present invention in the placement groove.

[0017] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings: 1-rotating sleeve; 2-core shaft; 3-cooling hose; 4-shape memory alloy skeleton; 5-groove; 6-shell; 7-flexible sealing cloth; 8-upper cavity; 9-lower cavity; 10-through hole; 11-discharge hole; 12-connecting element; 13-elastic support member; 14-cross crack; 15-elastic ring; 16-placement groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] Example: like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it includes a rotating outer sleeve 1 and a core shaft 2 arranged in the rotating outer sleeve 1, and also includes a groove 5 opened on the core shaft 2 and an expansion structure and a lubrication structure arranged in the groove 5; the expansion structure includes a shape memory alloy skeleton 4 arranged in the groove 5, and the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 can change shape according to temperature changes; The lubrication structure includes a plurality of shells 6 arranged on the groove 5, and the two ends of the shells 6 are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the groove 5. The side of the shell 6 facing the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 is provided with a flexible sealing cloth 7. An upper cavity 8 and a lower cavity 9 are formed in the shell 6 through a partition. A through hole 10 is provided on the partition. The upper cavity 8 and the lower cavity 9 are both filled with lubricating oil. A leakage hole 11 is provided on the outer wall of the lower cavity 9. The leakage hole 11 is sealed by rubber, and a cross crack 14 is provided on the rubber.

[0020] The two ends of the shell 6 mentioned in this application are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the groove 5, so that when the memory alloy skeleton expands, it can contact the shell 6. The side of the shell 6 facing the groove 5 is set as a flexible sealing cloth 7. This design can ensure that the shell 6 can be slightly deformed when under pressure, and the lubricating oil is squeezed out from the cross crack 14. It should be mentioned here that the memory alloy skeleton will not push the shell 6 out of the groove 5 when it expands and contacts the shell 6, because the two ends of the shell 6 are detachably connected to the opposite side walls of the groove 5 to achieve a temporary fixing effect. The expansion of the memory alloy skeleton is only for the flexible sealing cloth 7 on the side of the shell 6. Then the through hole 10 opened on the partition is for the lubricating oil of the upper cavity 8 to flow slowly into the lower cavity 9, ensuring that the lower cavity 9 always has sufficient lubricating oil supply, and the discharge hole 11 opened on the outer wall of the lower cavity 9 is sealed by rubber. The cross crack 14 on the rubber is designed to enable the lubricating oil to be squeezed out under a certain pressure, while maintaining sealing under normal conditions.

[0021] The principle of this part of the application is that when the expanded memory alloy skeleton expands and squeezes the flexible sealing cloth 7 of the shell 6, the pressure in the lower cavity 9 is increased, and the increased pressure causes the lubricating oil in the lower cavity 9 to spray out through the cross crack 14 to achieve lubrication. When the temperature drops and the pressure is released, the lubricating oil in the upper cavity 8 slowly flows into the lower cavity 9 through the through hole 10 on the partition to replenish the lubricating oil that has been sprayed, and then returns to the initial state and prepares for the next lubrication cycle.

[0022] Since the mandrel 2 is rotating, the squeezed lubricating oil is swung onto the inner wall of the rotating outer sleeve 1 through centrifugal motion. This solves the technical problem of damage to the mandrel 2 due to long-term insufficient lubrication. When the temperature rises, it often means increased friction and increased lubrication demand. At this time, the system can replenish the lubricating oil in time to prevent the mandrel 2 from being damaged due to insufficient lubrication. And the lubricating oil is only released when needed (that is, when a specific temperature is reached), avoiding the waste of resources that may be caused by continuous oil supply. At the same time, the action of centrifugal force ensures that the lubricating oil can be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the rotating outer sleeve 1, forming a dynamic oil film reserve.

[0023] It should be noted that it also includes a control system, a temperature sensor, a cooling hose 3 and a regulating device; A temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature between the mandrel 2 and the rotating jacket 1; The cooling hose 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the shape memory alloy frame 4, the cooling hose 3 is filled with a phase change material, and the cooling hose 3 is made of an elastic material; A regulating device, used for regulating the pressure of the phase change material, and the regulating device is connected to the cooling hose 3; The control system controls the regulating device to regulate the pressure of the phase change material according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

[0024] The cooling hose 3 in the present application is sleeved on the outer wall of the shape memory alloy skeleton 4, that is, the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 is placed in the cooling hose 3, and the interior of the cooling hose 3 is filled with a special phase change material. This material has the characteristic of undergoing a phase change (solid to liquid) within a specific temperature range. When the temperature of the mandrel 2 rises, the phase change material absorbs heat and begins to melt, thereby achieving a cooling effect. This process is based on the latent heat principle of the phase change material, that is, the material can absorb a large amount of heat energy during the phase change process without significantly changing its own temperature.

[0025] When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature rises to a preset value, the control system will instruct the regulating device to increase the pressure in the hose. The regulating device is a pressure regulating valve. The pressure in the pressure regulating valve is provided by an independent high-pressure pump system installed on the drilling rig. The increase in pressure will cause the melting point of the phase change material to decrease slightly. This is because the liquid state usually has a smaller volume than the solid state, and increasing the pressure is conducive to the phase change process of volume reduction. By lowering the melting point, the system can accelerate the heat absorption and melting rate of the phase change material, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. This pressure regulation mechanism enables the cooling system to respond to temperature changes more flexibly, especially when the temperature rises rapidly, and can provide a suitable cooling effect in time. Therefore, while triggering the lubricating oil process, a certain cooling effect is also achieved on the mandrel 2. The cooling hose 3 mentioned above is made of elastic material, so that after the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 expands to return to its original shape at the beginning, the hose is made of a certain elastic material, so the resilience of the elastic hose material begins to work, and the hose will return to the position of the initial state.

[0026] The shape memory alloy skeleton 4 is designed in a grid shape, which enables it to be compactly placed in the cooling hose 3 while maintaining sufficient surface area for heat transfer. When the ambient temperature rises, the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 undergoes a phase change from the martensite phase to the austenite phase. This phase change process is accompanied by expansion and shape change of the material.

[0027] As the temperature rises, the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 begins to expand, but still maintains the basic form of its grid. This design ensures that the expansion process is controllable and does not cause damage to the cooling hose 3. The expansion of the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 causes the cooling hose 3 to expand together, which brings multiple positive effects: it increases the heat exchange area and improves the heat exchange efficiency; at the same time, it applies additional pressure to the phase change material in the hose. This pressure increase will not only slightly reduce the melting point of the phase change material and accelerate its heat absorption process, but also increase the thermal conductivity of the phase change material, further enhancing the cooling effect. In addition, the expansion of the grid structure may change the flow characteristics inside the hose and promote the convective heat transfer of the phase change material. When the temperature drops, the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 will return to its initial state, and the expansion degree of the expansion structure material is much greater than the volume change degree of the phase change material, and the phase change material can be preferably set to paraffin materials, fatty acids and their esters, etc. The volume of such phase change materials changes from solid to liquid.

[0028] It should be noted that an elastic ring 15 is sleeved inside the cooling hose 3, and the elastic force of the elastic ring 15 is smaller than the squeezing force of the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 on the cooling hose 3 after expansion. After the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 shrinks back to its original shape, the hose can be restored to its initial position by the elastic force of the elastic ring 15.

[0029] When the temperature rises, the memory alloy skeleton expands, and its expansion force is greater than the elastic force of the elastic ring 15, thereby pushing the cooling hose 3 to expand. Since the elastic ring 15 is sleeved on the cooling hose 3, the expansion of the hose also drives the elastic ring 15 to trigger the lubricating oil in the housing 6; when the temperature drops, the memory alloy skeleton begins to shrink, and the resilience of the elastic ring 15 takes effect, pushing the hose back to its initial state. This prevents the hose from losing its elasticity and being unable to complete subsequent operations when it expands and retracts for a long time.

[0030] It should be noted that the groove 5 is spiral, and the cooling hose 3 is spirally wound in the groove 5. It makes the cooling effect more uniform and avoids overheating in some places.

[0031] It should be noted that a placement groove 16 is provided on the side wall of the groove 5, the upper cavity 8 of the housing 6 is located in the placement groove 16, and the lower cavity 9 is located in the groove 5. When the memory alloy skeleton expands, the cooling hose 3 is directly in contact with the flexible sealing cloth 7 on the lower cavity 9, and will not contact the upper cavity 8. The upper cavity 8 completely avoids contact with the cooling hose 3 and will not hinder the extrusion of the cooling hose 3 and the flexible sealing cloth 7.

[0032] It should be noted that the housing 6 and the groove 5 are detachably connected. They can be provided with snaps. The housing 6 can be easily removed for cleaning, inspection and maintenance without disassembling the entire system.

[0033] It should be noted that the discharge hole 11 is located at the bottom of the lower cavity 9. The discharge hole 11 is arranged at the bottom of the lower cavity 9 to utilize the effect of gravity, and the lubricating oil will naturally gather at the bottom, ensuring that even when the amount of lubricating oil is small, the remaining lubricating oil can be maximized.

[0034] It should be noted that the local spacing of the mandrel 2 is divided into a plurality of connecting elements 12, and the plurality of connecting elements 12 are connected to each other. This connecting piece is composed of a spherical joint, which allows bending in multiple directions. The connecting element 12 allows the mandrel 2 to bend to a certain extent without causing permanent deformation or damage. This greatly improves the adaptability of the mandrel 2 in high-angle or complex trajectory drilling. The increased flexibility of the mandrel 2 enables it to better adapt to formation changes and turns, which helps to control the drilling trajectory more accurately.

[0035] It should be noted that an elastic support member 13 is provided between the core shaft 2 and the rotating sleeve. The elastic support member 13 can compensate the axial movement of the core shaft 2 to a certain extent and reduce the stress caused by thermal expansion or load change.

[0036] It should be noted that the control system also includes a data processing unit for analyzing the temperature change trend and predicting future temperature changes. The specific means of the data processing unit is mainly to collect temperature data over a period of time, take time as the independent variable and temperature as the dependent variable, and use the least squares method to fit a straight line. The slope of this straight line represents the trend of temperature change and can be used to predict future temperatures in the short term. By introducing data processing and prediction functions, the system can respond to possible temperature fluctuations in advance.

[0037] How this application works: A groove 5 is spirally opened on the outer wall of the mandrel 2, and a cooling hose 3 is arranged in the groove. The hose is filled with phase change material and embedded with a shape memory alloy skeleton 4. The system also includes a temperature sensor and a pressure regulating device. When the temperature sensor detects a local temperature rise, the control system will activate the pressure regulating device, increase the pressure of the phase change material, slightly reduce its melting point, and make it begin to absorb heat and melt, thereby producing a cooling effect on the mandrel 2. At the same time, the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 will expand and deform due to the temperature rise, which will not only further squeeze the phase change material to enhance the cooling effect, but also cause the outer surface of the hose to expand accordingly. The reason for choosing a hose instead of a hard tube is to cooperate with the deformation of the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 to achieve the expansion of the hose to squeeze the lubrication structure. The lubrication structure is composed of a shell 6 arranged on the mandrel 2, and the shell 6 partially covers the groove 5, and its side facing the groove 5 is a flexible sealing cloth 7. The interior of the shell 6 is divided into two upper and lower cavities by a partition, both of which are filled with lubricating oil. A discharge hole 11 is opened at the bottom of the lower cavity 9, which is sealed with rubber, and a cross crack 14 is opened on the rubber. A through hole 10 is opened on the partition to connect the upper and lower cavities 9. When the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 is deformed and causes the hose to expand, the hose will squeeze the flexible sealing cloth 7 of the shell 6, causing the lubricating oil in the lower cavity 9 to spray out from the cross crack 14. After the temperature drops, the phase change material solidifies again and releases the stored heat, the shape memory alloy skeleton 4 returns to its original state, and the shell 6 is no longer squeezed. Since some lubricating oil has been sprayed out of the lower cavity 9, the lubricating oil in the upper cavity 8 will flow into the lower cavity 9 from the through hole 10 by gravity, preparing for the next spray, ensuring that the lubricating oil in the lower cavity 9 is replenished in time.

[0038] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite rotary steerable drilling device for high build-up rate conditions, comprising a rotary outer casing (1) and a core shaft (2) arranged in the rotary outer casing (1), characterized in that: It also includes a groove (5) opened on the core shaft (2) and an expansion structure and a lubrication structure arranged in the groove (5); The expansion structure comprises a shape memory alloy skeleton (4) arranged in the groove (5), and the shape memory alloy skeleton (4) can change shape according to temperature changes; The lubrication structure comprises a plurality of shells (6) arranged on the groove (5), the two ends of the shells (6) being arranged on opposite side walls of the groove (5), a flexible sealing cloth (7) being arranged on one side of the shell (6) facing the shape memory alloy skeleton (4), an upper cavity (8) and a lower cavity (9) being formed in the shell (6) by a partition, a through hole (10) being provided on the partition, the upper cavity (8) and the lower cavity (9) being filled with lubricating oil, a material leakage hole (11) being provided on the outer wall of the lower cavity (9), the material leakage hole (11) being sealed by rubber, and a cross crack (14) being provided on the rubber.

2. A composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes control systems, temperature sensors and cooling hoses and regulators; A temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature between the mandrel (2) and the rotating jacket (1); A cooling hose is sleeved on the outer wall of the shape memory alloy skeleton (4); the cooling hose (3) is filled with a phase change material, and the cooling hose (3) is made of an elastic material; A regulating device, used for regulating the pressure of the phase change material, and the regulating device is connected to the cooling hose (3); The control system controls the regulating device to regulate the pressure of the phase change material according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

3. A composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic ring (15) is sleeved on the outer wall of the cooling hose (3), and the elastic force of the elastic ring (15) is smaller than the squeezing force of the cooling hose (3) after the shape memory alloy skeleton (4) expands.

4. The composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The groove is spiral-shaped, and the cooling hose (3) is spirally wound in the groove.

5. The composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A placement groove is provided on the side wall of the groove (5); the upper cavity (8) of the shell (6) is located in the placement groove, and the lower cavity (9) is located in the groove (5).

6. The composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (6) and the groove (5) are detachably connected.

7. The composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge hole (11) is located at the bottom of the lower cavity (9).

8. The composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The local spacing of the core shaft (2) is divided into a plurality of connecting elements (12), and the plurality of connecting elements (12) are connected to each other.

9. The composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic support member (13) is arranged between the core shaft (2) and the rotating sleeve.

10. The composite rotary steerable drilling device under high build-up rate conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system also includes a data processing unit for analyzing temperature change trends and predicting future temperature changes.

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