Coal cutting and support moving method for large-dip-angle turning working face
By subdividing the tunnels of the large-inclination turning working face into multiple sub-regions, combining different coal cutting methods and the movement methods of hydraulic support, the safety and efficiency problems of the large-inclination turning working face in coal mining are solved, and efficient and uniformity are achieved coal mining process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411609655.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
During coal mining, when encountering working faces with large inclinations and curved turns, the existing technology is difficult to ensure that coal mining work is completed safely and efficiently, and there are poor roof stability, difficulty in supporting, problems with frame removal and uneven mining of working faces. question.
By subdividing the turning section tunnel into multiple sub-regions, the inclination length and inclination angle of each sub-region are calculated, the amplitude of change and minimum maximum inclination value of each sub-region are determined, and the coal cutting method is adopted with alternating upper tilt knives and channels, combined with hydraulic pressure The reasonably placed and moved brackets can complete the cutting and moving of the large-inclination turning surface.
The coal mining work is completed safely and efficiently on the large-inclination turning working surface, which improves the production efficiency of coal mines, reduces mining risks, and ensures uniform mining of the working surface.
Smart Images
Figure CN119393131A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining equipment and relates to a method for cutting coal and moving frames on a large-angle turning working face. Background Art
[0002] During the mining process of the working face of the mine, the coal cutter cuts the coal seam into transportable coal blocks in a mechanized way, thereby improving the mining efficiency of the coal mine. The hydraulic support uses the column hydraulic system to realize the movement of the top beam lifting and lowering, the overall forward movement, and controls the advancement of equipment such as coal mining machines and conveyors on the working face, as well as the pushing process of the working face.
[0003] There are several hazards in the excavation of coal seam working faces with large inclination angles: 1. The roof is not stable. The coal seams in the turning working faces will encounter complex geological conditions, which will cause changes in the inclination angle, bedding and stress distribution of the coal seams, making the roof prone to roof collapse or collapse. 2. Difficult support: The turning angle of the large-inclination coal seam will cause the adaptability of traditional support equipment to decrease. Due to the large inclination angle of the coal seam, the gravity borne by the equipment increases. If the support method is improper, it will easily cause damage or failure of equipment such as hydraulic supports and coal cutters. 3. The problem of moving the frame: Due to the limitation of the turning angle, the stability of the equipment will be affected at the turning point, resulting in an overall decrease in the overall production efficiency of the coal mine. 4. Uneven mining of the working face: The structure of the coal seams and rock formations at the turning part may change, resulting in uneven changes in the hardness and gas content of the coal seams. This will affect the progress of coal mining and increase the risk of mining.
[0004] The method used for coal cutting and frame moving in the working face under normal conditions is that the coal cutter adopts one-way or two-way coal cutting with different feed times. After the cutting is completed, the hydraulic support moves the frame in time, and then pushes the front scraper conveyor, releases the top coal, and retracts the rear scraper conveyor.
[0005] However, in the actual mining process, when the working face has a certain degree of inclination and curvature, some methods need to be reasonably used in the advancement of the coal cutter and hydraulic support to ensure that the coal mining work is completed safely and efficiently. Summary of the invention
[0006] In order to solve the special situation that when the working face has a large inclination angle and there are curved turns during mining, specific coal cutting and frame moving methods are often required to ensure safe and efficient completion of coal mining work. A coal cutting and frame moving method for a working face with a large inclination angle is provided.
[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for coal cutting and frame moving in a large-angle turning working face, comprising: S1: According to the morphological characteristics of the turning lane, it is subdivided into multiple sub-areas and analyzed section by section; S2: Determine the oblique length and inclination angle of each sub-area; S3: Determine the variation range between each sub-area and the minimum and maximum inclination values according to the calculated oblique length and inclination angle; S4: According to the change of the strike angle of the return air chute and the transport chute in each sub-area, the strike distances of the return air chute and the transport chute at different strike angles are counted, and the vertical drop distances of the two chute in the turning area of the working face are determined in turn; S5: Determine the average descent amount and feed times of the coal cutter by considering the inclination angle, oblique length, the influence of the two chute layer control quantities during the turning process and the actual situation of the coal mine; S6: The coal cutting method adopts the method of adding a slanted cutter on the working face to carry out turning mining; S7: After the coal cutting is completed, the hydraulic support is placed every 1.5 meters, and the moving distance decreases from the outside to the inside. It presents a fan shape during the movement. After completing the turning process, all the supports are kept in a straight line.
[0008] Step S2 includes: Calculate the oblique length and inclination of each sub-area using the following formula: s'=s / cosα Where: s' - oblique length of working surface; s—horizontal distance between two chute of working face; α—Design inclination angle of working surface.
[0009] α=arccos(h1-h2) / s Where: h1—the elevation of the trench on the working surface; h2—Elevation of the chute below the working face; s—horizontal distance between two chute of working face; The oblique length and inclination angle of the working face are measured every 10m in each sub-area of the turning section. When calculating, first calculate that the lower opening is 6m ahead of the upper opening. Since the return air chute and the transport chute of the turning section are not parallel, the working face cannot be perpendicular to the directions of the two chute at the same time. Any point on the return air chute of the working face is vertical to the transport chute, and the foot of the vertical extends forward 6m. After connecting the two points, the projection of the oblique length of the working face at that position is obtained.
[0010] In step S6, When entering this area, if a bend occurs at the transport chute and the bend is not large, the coal cutting method of alternating 1 offset knife and 1 channel at the upper opening is adopted to make the turn, and the alternating coal cutting is started at a suitable position of the lower opening of the cutting eye from the transport chute. At the same time, the hydraulic support is appropriately increased or decreased during the turning process. After completing multiple alternations according to the turning amplitude, the turn is completed.
[0011] When entering this area, the bend is not big. By calculation, the working surface orientations before and after the turn are almost the same. Therefore, there is no need to add a deflection knife turn here. Just move forward according to the working surface state of the previous area. When entering this area, there is a large bend, and the coal cutting method of alternating between 2 upper cutters and 1 channel is adopted to make the turn, and the alternating coal cutting is started when the lower cut is at a suitable position away from the turning point of the transport chute, and the turn is completed after multiple alternations.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By applying the coal cutting and frame moving method for a large-angle turning working face of the present invention, the concept is simple and the operation is simple. By dividing the turning area, different upper-mouth deflection knives and channel alternating coal cutting methods and suitable security brackets and movements are used to complete turns of different magnitudes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 This is the relationship diagram of various parameters of the large-angle working face; Figure 2 A method diagram for determining the position of the working surface; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a turn with a smaller turning area according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a turn with a very small turning area according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a turn with a larger turning area according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below.
[0015] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
[0016] The invention provides a method for coal cutting and frame shifting in a large-angle turning working face, which is based on the analysis of the coal cutting method of the coal cutter and the propulsion process of the support in a fully mechanized caving working face with an inclined angle and a curve. Compared with a straight working face, the coal cutter and the frame shifting process are in a stable state, and all the supports can be under the same horizontal line, while the large-angle turning working face will cause deviations in the propulsion process of the supports on both sides, and the coal cutter will be in different situations on both sides of the working face.
[0017] Through the observation of the turning section of the tunnel and the analysis of the tunnel direction in the mining project plan, it can be seen that the shape of the turning section of the tunnel is not a regular continuous arc segment, but a quasi-arc body formed by connecting multiple line segments in sequence.
[0018] Therefore, according to the above morphological characteristics of the turning section, it can be subdivided into multiple sub-areas and analyzed section by section.
[0019] according to Figure 1 The relationship diagram of the working surface parameters shown in the figure is used to calculate the oblique length and inclination of each sub-area by using the formula, which is as follows: s'=s / cosα Where: s' - oblique length of working surface; s—horizontal distance between two chute of working face; α—Design inclination angle of working surface.
[0020] α=arccos(h1-h2) / s Where: h1—the elevation of the trench on the working surface; h2—Elevation of the chute below the working face; s—The horizontal distance between the two drifts of the working face.
[0021] The oblique length and inclination angle of the working face are measured every 10m in each sub-area of the turning section. When measuring, the lower opening is 6m ahead of the upper opening. Since the return air chute and the transport chute of the turning section are not parallel, the working face cannot be perpendicular to the direction of the two chute at the same time. Any point of the return air chute of the working face is perpendicular to the transport chute, and the foot of the vertical extends forward 6m. After connecting the two points, the oblique length projection of the working face at this position is obtained. For details, see Figure 2 .
[0022] The above method is used to measure each sub-area of the turning section every 10m to obtain the oblique length and angle of the turning section of the working face. At the same time, the maximum inclination angle, minimum inclination angle and change law of each sub-area of the working face can be obtained.
[0023] The average descent amount and feed times of the coal cutter are determined by considering the inclination angle, inclined length, the influence of the control amount of the two chute layers during the turning process and the actual situation of the coal mine. The turning process is mainly controlled by following the bottom plates of the two chute roadways to lower the working face layer and smoothly transition to the middle section of the working face for mining.
[0024] Depend on Figure 3 For areas with a smaller turning degree, the coal cutter uses an alternating method of cutting coal with 1 offset knife and 1 channel at the upper mouth to make turns, and starts alternating coal cutting when the lower mouth of the cutting eye is at a suitable position from the first turning point of the transport chute. After several alternations, the turn is completed.
[0025] Depend on Figure 4 For this type of area with a very small turning degree, by calculating the orientation of the working surface before and after the turn, it is almost the same. Therefore, there is no need to add a skew turn here, and you can move forward according to the working surface status of the previous area.
[0026] Depend on Figure 5 For areas with a large turning degree, the coal cutting method of alternating between 2 upper cutters and 1 channel is adopted to make the turn, and the alternating coal cutting starts at the appropriate position of the lower cutter from the cutting eye and the longitudinal chute. After several alternations, the turn is completed.
[0027] On the hydraulic support of the large-angle turning working surface, a pair of supports is set every 1.5 meters according to the length of the cutting eye. When cutting the offset knife, the outermost support is advanced by about 1m, and then gradually reduced inward until the turn can be slowly carried out in the form of a straight line.
[0028] When transitioning between two areas, when the previous area completes the turn and the two chutes of the next area are parallel and the strike angle has no obvious change, you can move forward according to the state after the previous area turns.
[0029] The current area is not parallel to the next area and the angle of the direction of the current area has changed, but the previous area is smaller, the length and inclination of the working face cut are not changed much, and there is no need to increase or decrease the support for advancing in this area. After entering the next area, the hydraulic support is adjusted in time.
[0030] When the headings of the previous area are not parallel to those of the next area and the heading angles change, and when the two areas are large, after the previous area is completed, the number of supports should be reduced or increased in time according to the actual situation to ensure smooth advancement.
[0031] In summary, when cutting coal and moving frames in a large-angle turning working face, the turning section range is determined and divided into areas. The different conditions of each area are analyzed specifically according to the relationship between the inclination angle and the oblique length. The above-mentioned coal cutting method and the advancement of the support are reasonably adopted to ensure high-efficiency production of the working face.
Claims
1. A method for coal cutting and frame shifting in a large-angle turning working face, characterized in that: include: S1: According to the morphological characteristics of the turning lane, it is subdivided into multiple sub-areas and analyzed section by section; S2: Determine the oblique length and inclination angle of each sub-area; S3: Determine the variation range between each sub-area and the minimum and maximum inclination values according to the calculated oblique length and inclination angle; S4: According to the change of the strike angle of the return air chute and the transport chute in each sub-area, the strike distances of the return air chute and the transport chute at different strike angles are counted, and the vertical drop distances of the two chute in the turning area of the working face are determined in turn; S5: Determine the average descent amount and feed times of the coal cutter by considering the inclination angle, oblique length, the influence of the two chute layer control quantities during the turning process and the actual situation of the coal mine; S6: The coal cutting method adopts the method of adding a slanted cutter on the working face to carry out turning mining; S7: After the coal cutting is completed, the hydraulic support is placed every 1.5 meters, and the moving distance decreases from the outside to the inside. It presents a fan shape during the movement. After completing the turning process, all the supports are kept in a straight line.
2. The method for coal cutting and frame shifting in a large-angle turning working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: Calculate the oblique length and inclination of each sub-area using the following formula: s'=s / cosα Where: s' - oblique length of working surface; s—horizontal distance between two chute of working face; α—Design inclination angle of working surface. α=arccos(h1-h2) / s Where: h1—the elevation of the trench on the working surface; h2—Elevation of the chute below the working face; s—horizontal distance between two chute of working face; The oblique length and inclination angle of the working face are measured every 10m in each sub-area of the turning section. When calculating, first calculate that the lower opening is 6m ahead of the upper opening. Since the return air chute and the transport chute of the turning section are not parallel, the working face cannot be perpendicular to the directions of the two chute at the same time. Any point on the return air chute of the working face is vertical to the transport chute, and the foot of the vertical extends forward 6m. After connecting the two points, the projection of the oblique length of the working face at that position is obtained.
3. The method for coal cutting and frame shifting in a large-angle turning working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S6, When entering this area, if a bend occurs at the transport chute and the bend is not large, the coal cutting method of alternating 1 offset knife and 1 channel at the upper opening is adopted to make the turn, and the alternating coal cutting is started at a suitable position of the lower opening of the cutting eye from the transport chute. At the same time, the hydraulic support is appropriately increased or decreased during the turning process. After completing multiple alternations according to the turning amplitude, the turn is completed. When entering this area, the bend is not big. By calculation, the working surface orientations before and after the turn are almost the same. Therefore, there is no need to add a deflection knife turn here. Just move forward according to the working surface state of the previous area. When entering this area, there is a large bend, and the coal cutting method of alternating between 2 deflection knives at the upper opening and 1 channel is adopted to make the turn, and the alternating coal cutting is started when the lower opening of the cutting eye is at a suitable position away from the turning point of the transport chute, and the turn is completed after multiple alternations.