Fully-weathered siliceous rock tunnel large deformation comprehensive treatment system and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fully-weathered siliceous rock tunnel large deformation comprehensive treatment system and a construction method. The construction method comprises the following construction steps that firstly, surrounding rock and a tunnel face are pretreated; secondly, the primary supporting arch frame and the inverted arch frame are installed; thirdly, temporary inverted arch support is conducted on an upper step and a middle step of tunnel excavation; and fourthly, the top reinforcing arch frame and the side reinforcing arch frames are installed and temporarily supported. According to the fully-weathered siliceous rock tunnel large deformation comprehensive treatment system, through the design of the special lock and the movable truss, the pressure of the arch frame is effectively released, breakage is avoided, the stability is enhanced, and the construction safety is improved; the risk of upheaval is reduced by the split inverted arch frame and the bottom anchor block; the adjustable sliding support trolley realizes rapid and accurate arch frame adjustment, and the efficiency is improved; the supporting system flexibly adapts to geological changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of large deformation comprehensive treatment construction of tunnels, and is applicable to the technical field of large deformation comprehensive treatment system construction of fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel construction under complex geological conditions such as fully weathered siliceous rock, traditional methods often encounter many challenges, usually with long construction periods, poor adaptability to geological conditions, and difficulty in ensuring construction accuracy. Under such geological conditions, it is difficult for temporary support structures to be accurately adjusted to adapt to the deformation of the main structure of the tunnel, which not only affects the quality and safety of construction, but also has a significant impact on the surrounding ecological environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new construction method that can ensure the safety and stability of tunnel projects and has the characteristics of rapidity and precision.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention proposes a comprehensive treatment system and construction method for large deformation of fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels. This method combines innovative technologies such as special lock connection technology and adjustable sliding support trolley to achieve rapid and precise tunnel construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive treatment system and construction method for large deformation of a fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel in view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: A construction method of a large deformation comprehensive treatment system for a fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Pretreatment of surrounding rock and tunnel face;

[0007] Step 2: installing the primary support arch frame and the inverted arch frame; first install the primary support arch frame to provide temporary support for the surrounding rock; then install the inverted arch frame, which includes a left section and a right section, which are installed at the bottom of the surrounding rock, and the left section and the right section are connected by a first joint; the inverted arch frame is fixed with a bottom anchor block, which is installed below the first joint on the inverted arch frame, and a bottom anchor rod is arranged at the lower end of the bottom anchor block, which is fixed to the bottom of the surrounding rock, and the bottom anchor block is connected to the inverted arch frame by a connecting piece; construct an inverted backfill on the inverted arch frame; use a special lock to connect the primary support arch frame and the inverted arch frame;

[0008] Step 3: A temporary inverted arch frame is provided on the upper step and the middle step of the tunnel excavation; the temporary inverted arch frame includes two inverted arch frame units, a central axis steel frame, and a second joint. The central axis steel frame is installed between the two inverted arch frame units. Second joints are respectively provided on both sides of the central axis steel frame. The second joints on both sides are respectively connected to the two inverted arch frame units; one end of the temporary inverted arch frame extends into the face to be excavated, and the other end is located at the half-width section of the step;

[0009] Step 4: Installation and temporary support of top reinforcement arch frame and side reinforcement arch frame; first install the adjustable sliding support trolley, and support the top reinforcement arch frame and side reinforcement arch frame through the adjustable sliding support trolley. The top reinforcement arch frame supports the top of the initial support arch frame, and the side reinforcement arch frame supports the side of the initial support arch frame.

[0010] Preferably, in step one, a detailed geomechanical assessment is conducted on the fully weathered siliceous rock surrounding rock before construction to determine the stability and deformation potential of the surrounding rock; and pre-support with advance small guide tubes or advance anchors is performed in front of the tunnel face to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock in front of the face.

[0011] Preferably, in step two, the special lock includes a connecting plate, a movable truss, a telescopic rod, and a locking foot anchor rod. Two connecting plates are provided, and the movable truss is provided between the two connecting plates; the movable truss includes two truss rods, one ends of the two truss rods are hinged, and the other ends of the two truss rods are respectively connected to the two connecting plates; the telescopic rod is provided between the two truss rods on the movable truss; the primary support arch frame and the invert arch frame are respectively connected to the connecting plates of the special lock, and the connecting plates are provided with locking foot blocks, which are connected to the locking foot anchor rods; the locking foot anchor rods are inserted into the surrounding rock.

[0012] Preferably, in step four, the adjustable sliding support trolley includes a top frame, a vertical frame, a sliding bottom frame, a sliding oblique rod, an inner support rod, and a hydraulic rod. The sliding bottom frame is arranged on the backfill of the inverted arch, and a sliding transverse axis is installed on the sliding bottom frame; the vertical frame is arranged on the sliding transverse axis, and the vertical frame can move laterally relative to the sliding transverse axis, one end of the sliding oblique rod is connected to the vertical frame, and the other end of the sliding oblique rod is provided with a sliding block, which is arranged on the sliding transverse axis, and the sliding block and the sliding transverse axis slide together; an inner support assembly is provided between the vertical frames on both sides, and the inner support assembly includes two inner support rods, one end of the two inner support rods is hinged to the two vertical frames respectively, and the other ends of the two inner support rods are connected by a connecting rod, and the inner support rod is hinged to the connecting rod; the top frame is installed at the upper end of the vertical frame; a hydraulic rod is provided at the upper end of the top frame, and the top reinforcement arch frame is supported by the hydraulic rod; a rear cross bar is provided on the outer side of the vertical frame, and the side reinforcement arch frame is supported by the rear cross bar.

[0013] Preferably, the top frame is a telescopic plate that can be telescopic.

[0014] The large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels is constructed by the construction method of the large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention connects the primary arch frame and the inverted arch frame through a special lock, and the design of the movable truss and the telescopic rod. The system can release the arch frame pressure when the surrounding rock is deformed, effectively avoiding the arch frame from breaking, thereby significantly improving the construction safety.

[0017] 2. The split design of the invert arch frame and the application of bottom anchor blocks enhance the connection stability between the arch frame and the surrounding rock and reduce the risk of uplift of the tunnel invert arch.

[0018] 3. The temporary inverted arch frame and reinforced arch frame are supported by an adjustable sliding support trolley, which realizes the rapid adjustment and precise positioning of the arch frame, improves the construction efficiency and shortens the construction period.

[0019] 4. The design of special locks and adjustable sliding support trolleys enables the support system to flexibly adapt to geological changes, providing more precise and dynamic support, and ensuring adaptability and flexibility during the construction process.

[0020] 5. The temporary invert frame only provides half-section adaptive support on the upper and middle steps, which reduces the support cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the comprehensive treatment of large deformation of a fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the installation status of the top reinforcement arch frame and the side reinforcement arch frame;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-section diagram of the temporary invert support;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the temporary invert support;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a special lock;

[0027] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0028] In the figure: 1. surrounding rock; 2. primary support arch frame; 3. inverted arch frame; 4. inverted arch backfill; 5. top reinforcement arch frame; 6. side reinforcement arch frame; 7. locking foot anchor rod; 8. upper step; 9. middle step; 10. temporary inverted arch frame; 11. heading face; 12. locking foot block; 13. connecting plate; 14. movable truss; 15. telescopic rod; 16. bottom anchor block; 17. bottom anchor rod; 18. connecting piece; 19. sliding bottom frame; 20. sliding horizontal axis; 21. sliding block; 22. sliding diagonal rod; 23. top frame; 24. vertical frame; 25. inner support rod; 26. connecting rod; 27. hydraulic rod; 28. rear cross rod; 29. ​​rear support rod; 30. second lining; 31. middle axis steel frame; 32. second joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] See also Figure 1-5 As shown, in this embodiment, a comprehensive treatment system for large deformation of a fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel is provided, including surrounding rock 1, a heading face 11, a primary support arch frame 2, an invert arch frame 3, an invert backfill 4, a secondary lining 30, locking anchor rods 7, a temporary steel arch frame, a top reinforcement arch frame 5, and a side reinforcement arch frame 6.

[0033] The primary arch frame 2 and the inverted arch frame 3 are connected by a special lock. The special lock includes a connecting plate 13, a movable truss 14, a telescopic rod 15, and a locking foot anchor rod 7. Two connecting plates 13 are provided, and the movable truss 14 is provided between the two connecting plates 13; the movable truss 14 includes two truss rods, one end of the two truss rods is hinged, and the other ends of the two truss rods are respectively connected to the two connecting plates 13; the telescopic rod 15 is provided between the two truss rods on the movable truss 14, and the two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively hinged to the two truss rods; the primary arch frame 2 and the inverted arch frame 3 are respectively connected to the connecting plate 13 of the special lock, and the connection between the primary arch frame 2 and the inverted arch frame 3 is realized by the special lock. A locking foot block 12 is provided on the connecting plate 13, and the locking foot block 12 on the special lock is used to connect with the locking foot anchor rod 7; the locking foot anchor rod 7 is inserted into the surrounding rock 1. In the specific support process, as the tunnel surrounding rock 1 deforms, the movable truss 14 and the telescopic rod 15 move along with the deformation of the primary support arch frame 2 and the invert arch frame 3, thereby releasing the pressure of the arch frame within a controllable range and avoiding arch frame breakage.

[0034] The inverted arch frame 3 includes a left section and a right section, and the left section and the right section are connected by a first joint; the inverted arch frame 3 is fixed by a bottom anchor block 16, and the bottom anchor block 16 is installed below the first joint on the inverted arch frame 3. The lower end of the bottom anchor block 16 is provided with a bottom anchor rod 17, and the bottom anchor rod 17 is driven and fixed to the bottom of the surrounding rock 1. The bottom anchor block 16 and the inverted arch frame 3 are connected by a connecting piece 18.

[0035] The temporary inverted arch frame 10 is supported on the upper step 8 and the middle step 9 of the tunnel excavation. The temporary inverted arch frame 10 includes two inverted arch frame units, a central axis steel frame 31, and a second joint 32. The central axis steel frame 31 is perpendicular to the central axis of the tunnel excavation. The central axis steel frame 31 is located between the two inverted arch frame units. Second joints 32 are respectively provided on both sides of the central axis steel frame 31. The second joints 32 on both sides are respectively connected to the two inverted arch frame units; one end of the temporary inverted arch frame 10 extends into the tunnel face 11 to be excavated, and the other end is located at the half-width section of the step.

[0036] The top reinforcement arch frame 5 and the side reinforcement arch frame 6 are temporary reinforcement arch frames, which are supported by an adjustable sliding support trolley. The adjustable sliding support trolley includes a top frame 23, a vertical frame 24, a sliding bottom frame 19, a sliding diagonal rod 22, an inner support rod 25, and a hydraulic rod 27. The sliding bottom frame 19 is arranged on the inverted arch backfill 4, and a sliding transverse axis 20 is installed on the sliding bottom frame 19. The sliding transverse axis 20 serves as a transverse track; the vertical frame 24 is arranged on the sliding transverse axis 20, and the vertical frame 24 can move laterally relative to the sliding transverse axis 20. One end of the sliding diagonal rod 22 is connected to the vertical frame 24, and the other end of the sliding diagonal rod 22 is provided with a sliding block 21. The sliding block 21 is arranged on the sliding horizontal axis 20, and the sliding block 21 and the sliding horizontal axis 20 are slidably matched; the sliding diagonal rod 22 is moved laterally by means of the sliding block 21, and an inner support assembly is arranged between the vertical frames 24 on both sides, and the inner support assembly includes two inner support rods 25, one end of the two inner support rods 25 is respectively hinged to the two vertical frames 24, and the other ends of the two inner support rods 25 are connected by a connecting rod 26, and the inner support rods 25 are hinged to the connecting rod 26; during the horizontal sliding process of the vertical frame 24, the inner support rods 25 change angles and extend and retract relative to the connecting rod 26, and the horizontal extension and retraction of the adjustable sliding support trolley is realized through the above operation. The top frame 23 is installed at the upper end of the vertical frame 24. The top frame 23 is a telescopic plate that can be extended and retracted. Furthermore, a hydraulic rod 27 is provided at the upper end of the top frame 23, and the top reinforcing arch frame 5 is supported by the hydraulic rod 27; a rear cross bar 28 is provided on the outer side of the vertical frame 24, and the side reinforcing arch frame 6 is supported by the rear cross bar 28; the rear cross bar 28 is supported by the rear support rod 29.

[0037] The top reinforcement arch frame 5 supports the top of the primary support arch frame 2 , and the side reinforcement arch frame 6 supports the sides of the primary support arch frame 2 .

[0038] Example 2

[0039] This embodiment provides a construction method for a large deformation comprehensive treatment system of a fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Pretreatment of surrounding rock 1 and tunnel face 11;

[0041] Conduct stability assessment of surrounding rock 1: Conduct a detailed geomechanical assessment of the fully weathered siliceous rock surrounding rock 1 before construction to determine the stability and deformation potential of surrounding rock 1.

[0042] Advance support of the tunnel face 11: Pre-support of an advance small guide tube or advance anchor rod is carried out in front of the tunnel face 11 to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock 1 in front of the tunnel face 11.

[0043] Step 2: installing the primary support arch frame 2 and the inverted arch frame 3; first installing the primary support arch frame 2 to provide temporary support for the surrounding rock 1; then installing the inverted arch frame 3, the inverted arch frame 3 includes a left section and a right section, the left section and the right section are installed at the bottom of the surrounding rock 1, and the left section and the right section are connected by a first joint; the inverted arch frame 3 is fixed with a bottom anchor block 16, the bottom anchor block 16 is installed below the first joint on the inverted arch frame 3, the lower end of the bottom anchor block 16 is provided with a bottom anchor rod 17, the bottom anchor rod 17 is driven and fixed to the bottom of the surrounding rock 1, and the bottom anchor block 16 and the inverted arch frame 3 are connected by a connecting piece 18; constructing an inverted arch backfill 4 on the inverted arch frame;

[0044] A special lock is used to connect the primary support arch frame 2 and the invert arch frame 3; the locking foot anchor rod 7 is driven into the surrounding rock 1, and the upper locking foot block 12 of the special lock is connected to the locking foot anchor rod 7.

[0045] Step 3: A temporary arch frame 10 is supported on the upper step 8 and the middle step 9 of the tunnel excavation; the temporary arch frame 10 includes two arch frame units, a central axis steel frame 31, and a second joint 32. The central axis steel frame 31 is perpendicular to the central axis of the tunnel excavation. The central axis steel frame 31 is installed between the two arch frame units. Second joints 32 are respectively provided on both sides of the central axis steel frame 31. The second joints 32 on both sides are respectively connected to the two arch frame units; one end of the temporary arch frame 10 extends into the heading face 11 to be excavated, and the other end is located at the half-width section of the step.

[0046] Step 4: Installation and temporary support of the top reinforcement arch frame 5 and the side reinforcement arch frame 6; first install the adjustable sliding support trolley, and support the top reinforcement arch frame 5 and the side reinforcement arch frame 6 by the adjustable sliding support trolley, the top reinforcement arch frame 5 supports the top of the initial support arch frame 2, and the side reinforcement arch frame 6 supports the side of the initial support arch frame 2; the top reinforcement arch frame 5 and the side reinforcement arch frame 6 constitute a temporary reinforcement arch frame, which is used to enhance the stability of the tunnel.

[0047] The large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels is constructed by the above-mentioned construction method of the large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels.

[0048] The parts not described in detail in the present invention are prior art, so the present invention does not describe them in detail.

[0049] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0050] Although more professional terms are used in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

[0051] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, all technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The construction method of the large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels is characterized by: The steps include: Step 1: Pretreatment of surrounding rock (1) and tunnel face (11); Step 2: installing the primary support arch frame (2) and the inverted arch frame (3); first installing the primary support arch frame (2) to provide temporary support for the surrounding rock (1); then installing the inverted arch frame (3), the inverted arch frame (3) comprising a left section and a right section, the left section and the right section are installed at the bottom of the surrounding rock (1), and the left section and the right section are connected via a first joint; the inverted arch frame (3) is fixed by a bottom anchor block (16), the bottom anchor block (16) is installed below the first joint on the inverted arch frame (3), a bottom anchor rod (17) is arranged at the lower end of the bottom anchor block (16), the bottom anchor rod (17) is driven and fixed at the bottom of the surrounding rock (1), and the bottom anchor block (16) and the inverted arch frame (3) are connected via a connecting piece (18); constructing an inverted arch backfill (4) on the inverted arch frame; using a special lock to connect the primary support arch frame (2) and the inverted arch frame (3); Step 3: A temporary arch frame (10) is provided to support the upper step (8) and the middle step (9) of the tunnel excavation; the temporary arch frame (10) comprises two arch frame units, a central axis steel frame (31), and a second joint (32); the central axis steel frame (31) is installed between the two arch frame units, and the second joints (32) are respectively provided on both sides of the central axis steel frame (31); the second joints (32) on both sides are respectively connected to the two arch frame units; one end of the temporary arch frame (10) extends into the tunnel face (11) to be excavated, and the other end is located at the half-width section of the step; Step 4: Installation and temporary support of the top reinforcement arch frame (5) and the side reinforcement arch frame (6); first install an adjustable sliding support trolley, and support the top reinforcement arch frame (5) and the side reinforcement arch frame (6) through the adjustable sliding support trolley, the top reinforcement arch frame (5) supports the top of the primary support arch frame (2), and the side reinforcement arch frame (6) supports the side of the primary support arch frame (2).

2. The construction method of the large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, a detailed geomechanical assessment is conducted on the fully weathered siliceous rock surrounding rock (1) before construction to determine the stability and deformation potential of the surrounding rock (1); and pre-support of an advance small guide tube or advance anchor is conducted in front of the tunnel face (11) to enhance the stability of the surrounding rock (1) in front of the tunnel face (11).

3. The construction method of the large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the special lock comprises a connecting plate (13), a movable truss (14), a telescopic rod (15), and a locking foot anchor rod (7). Two connecting plates (13) are provided, and the movable truss (14) is provided between the two connecting plates (13); the movable truss (14) comprises two truss rods, one ends of the two truss rods are hinged, and the other ends of the two truss rods are respectively connected to the two connecting plates (13); the telescopic rod (15) is provided between the two truss rods on the movable truss (14); the primary support arch frame (2) and the inverted arch frame (3) are respectively connected to the connecting plate (13) of the special lock, and a locking foot block (12) is provided on the connecting plate (13), and the locking foot block (12) is connected to the locking foot anchor rod (7); the locking foot anchor rod (7) is inserted into the surrounding rock (1).

4. The construction method of the large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, the adjustable sliding support trolley includes a top frame (23), a vertical frame (24), a sliding bottom frame (19), a sliding inclined rod (22), an inner support rod (25), and a hydraulic rod (27). The sliding bottom frame (19) is arranged on the backfill of the inverted arch (4), and a sliding transverse axis (20) is installed on the sliding bottom frame (19); the vertical frame (24) is arranged on the sliding transverse axis (20), and the vertical frame (24) can move laterally relative to the sliding transverse axis (20); one end of the sliding inclined rod (22) is connected to the vertical frame (24), and the other end of the sliding inclined rod (22) is provided with a sliding block (21), and the sliding block (21) is arranged on the sliding transverse axis (20). The transverse axes (20) are slidably matched with each other; an inner support assembly is provided between the vertical frames (24) on both sides, and the inner support assembly includes two inner support rods (25), one end of the two inner support rods (25) is hinged to the two vertical frames (24) respectively, and the other ends of the two inner support rods (25) are connected by a connecting rod (26), and the inner support rods (25) are hinged to the connecting rod (26); the top frame (23) is installed on the upper end of the vertical frame (24); a hydraulic rod (27) is provided at the upper end of the top frame (23), and the hydraulic rod (27) is used to support the top reinforcement arch frame (5); a rear cross bar (28) is provided on the outer side of the vertical frame (24), and the side reinforcement arch frame (6) is supported by the rear cross bar (28).

5. The construction method of the large deformation comprehensive treatment system for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The top frame (23) is a telescopic plate and can be telescopic.

6. Comprehensive treatment system for large deformation of fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels, characterized by: The invention is obtained by constructing the large deformation comprehensive treatment system construction method for fully weathered siliceous rock tunnels as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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