Turbojet engine capable of generating water vapor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and discloses a turbojet engine capable of generating water vapor, which comprises an engine body, the engine body comprises a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is sequentially provided with a gas compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine, the combustion chamber is provided with a second nozzle, the discharge end of the turbine is provided with a mixer, and the mixer is provided with a second nozzle. The outer side of the discharge end of the mixer is sleeved with a concentrated nozzle, and the second nozzle is communicated with a second medium box; the mixer comprises a first mixing section, a second mixing section and a third mixing section which are integrally formed, air is pressurized and combusted through the engine body and then discharged after being mixed with water, water is evaporated into water vapor through the tail gas temperature and then sprayed out, and a large amount of water vapor is generated by means of the characteristics that the exhaust flow of a turbojet engine is large and the exhaust speed of the turbojet engine is high. And the water vapor can be quickly aligned with flames for fire extinguishing, and the fire extinguishing requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and in particular relates to a turbojet engine for generating water vapor. Background Art

[0002] In firefighting applications, water vapor is a commonly used fire extinguishing medium. Its fire extinguishing principle is to reduce the temperature of the fire source and surrounding objects to a state where the combustion reaction cannot be maintained through the accelerated transmission and absorption of water vapor and heat. After the water vapor expands, it can dilute the oxygen and cover and isolate the oxygen from entering, thereby achieving the purpose of fire extinguishing.

[0003] Turbojet fire trucks use aviation turbine engines as the power for spraying fire extinguishing agents. They have high spray intensity and long range. They can spray fire extinguishing agents in atomized form at high speed, long distance and toward the center of the fire. They can not only effectively extinguish flames, absorb and dilute large amounts of toxic smoke, but also have large-flow positive-pressure air supply, which can change the direction of the fire and effectively control the fire. They are the best firefighting equipment for fighting large and super-large fires, and their powerful firefighting efficiency is loved by the majority of fire brigade officers and soldiers.

[0004] However, it is difficult for existing water vapor generating devices for fire fighting to quickly and massively distribute water vapor to the fire area, which affects the fire extinguishing effect and timeliness.

[0005] To this end, we propose a turbojet engine that generates water vapor to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can release a large amount of water vapor efficiently and quickly to meet the needs of fire extinguishing. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a turbojet engine for generating water vapor, so as to solve the problem mentioned in the above background technology that the water vapor generating device in the prior art is difficult to quickly and massively deploy water vapor to the fire area, thus affecting the fire extinguishing effect and timeliness.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A turbojet engine for generating water vapor, comprising:

[0009] The engine body comprises a rotating shaft, one end of which is provided with a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine in sequence, a second nozzle is installed on the combustion chamber, a mixer is provided at the discharge end of the turbine, a concentrated nozzle is sleeved on the outer side of the discharge end of the mixer, and the second nozzle is connected to a second medium box;

[0010] The mixer includes a first mixing section, a second mixing section and a third mixing section which are integrally formed, the second mixing section is arranged between the first mixing section and the third mixing section, an air collecting section is arranged at one end of the first mixing section away from the second mixing section, an inner partition is arranged in the inner cavity of the mixer, an outer partition is fixedly connected to the outer side of the mixer, the outer diameter of the air inlet end of the air collecting section is larger than the outer diameter of the air outlet end, a first nozzle is arranged at one end of the inner cavity of the third mixing section away from the second mixing section, a plurality of dispersed nozzles are provided on the first nozzle, and the first nozzle is connected to a first medium box.

[0011] Preferably, a third nozzle is installed at the exhaust end of the concentrated nozzle, the third nozzle is connected to a third medium box, and the air outlet end of the third nozzle is connected to the air injection port.

[0012] Preferably, the outer diameter of the air inlet end of the air collecting section is larger than the outer diameter of the first mixing section, and the outer diameters of the first mixing section, the second mixing section and the third mixing section are all the same.

[0013] Preferably, a first opening group is opened on the outer side of the first mixing section, a second opening group is opened on the outer side of the second mixing section, and a third opening group is opened on the outer side of the third mixing section, and the first opening group, the second opening group and the third opening group have the same number of openings.

[0014] Preferably, the inner baffle is disposed between the first mixing section and the second mixing section, the outer baffle is fixedly connected between the second mixing section and the third mixing section, and the outer side of the outer baffle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the concentrated nozzle.

[0015] Preferably, multiple groups of first fins are provided on both sides of the inner partition, and the multiple groups of first fins are arranged at equal intervals.

[0016] Preferably, multiple groups of second fins are provided on the inner cavity walls of the second mixing section and the inner cavity walls of the third mixing section, the multiple groups of second fins are arranged at equal intervals, and the first fins and the second fins have the same length.

[0017] Preferably, a distribution plate is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the third mixing section near the first nozzle section, and a plurality of water outlets are provided on one side of the distribution plate.

[0018] Preferably, an afterburning chamber is provided between the air outlet end of the turbine and the air inlet end of the mixer, and a water injection port connected to the first nozzle is provided at one end of the third mixing section opposite to the first mixing section.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a vehicle body, on which is provided a compartment for mounting the engine body, the air inlet end of the compressor is connected to an air intake port located at the top of the compartment, and a fuel tank for providing fuel to the combustion chamber is installed on the vehicle body.

[0020] The steam-generating turbojet engine proposed by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] 1. The engine body and the mixer of the present invention cooperate with each other, and the engine body pressurizes and burns the air and mixes water to discharge it, and uses the exhaust temperature to evaporate the water into water vapor and then spray it out. The turbojet engine has the characteristics of large exhaust flow and high speed to generate a large amount of water vapor, and then quickly aligns the water vapor with the flame to extinguish the fire, thereby meeting the fire extinguishing needs;

[0022] 2. The cooperation between the first fin, the second fin and the distribution plate of the present invention enables the water to be evenly sprayed in the mixer through the distribution plate, thereby increasing the contact time with the high-temperature exhaust gas under the action of the second fin, so that the water fully contacts the exhaust gas and evaporates into water vapor, thereby improving the efficiency of water vapor generation while exchanging heat and cooling;

[0023] 3. The engine body, the inner baffle, the outer baffle and the mixer of the present invention cooperate to form a water storage chamber, which prevents water from being blocked inside the mixer due to excessive water sprayed from the first nozzle or too long operation time, and is convenient for temporary storage of water to prevent water from entering and causing damage to the engine; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a turbojet engine of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the afterburning chamber of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first medium box and the second medium box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the third nozzle and the third medium box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a turbojet engine of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mixer of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the exhaust direction structure of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the first fin structure of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10is a schematic diagram of the second fin structure of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution plate structure of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 100, vehicle body; 110, compartment; 200, engine body; 201, air intake; 210, rotating shaft; 220, compressor; 230, turbine; 240, combustion chamber; 241, second nozzle; 310, first medium box; 320, second medium box; 330, third medium box; 400, mixer; 410, first nozzle; 411, water injection port; 412, dispersion nozzle; 420, air collection Section; 430, first mixing section; 431, first opening group; 440, second mixing section; 441, second opening group; 450, inner partition; 451, first fin; 460, third mixing section; 461, third opening group; 470, outer partition; 480, distribution plate; 490, second fin; 500, concentrating nozzle; 600, jet nozzle; 700, fuel tank; 800, third nozzle; 900, afterburner chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides Figure 1-4 A steam-generating turbojet engine is shown, comprising:

[0039] The engine body 200 includes a rotating shaft 210, and a compressor 220, a combustion chamber 240 and a turbine 230 are sequentially arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 210. A second nozzle 241 is installed on the combustion chamber 240. A mixer 400 is arranged at the discharge end of the turbine 230. A central nozzle 500 is sleeved on the outer side of the discharge end of the mixer 400. The second nozzle 241 is connected to the second medium box 320. The central nozzle 500 can be a converging nozzle or a Laval nozzle to further increase the jet speed and facilitate the rapid distribution of water vapor.

[0040] The mixer 400 includes a first mixing section 430, a second mixing section 440 and a third mixing section 460 which are integrally formed. The second mixing section 440 is arranged between the first mixing section 430 and the third mixing section 460. An air collecting section 420 is arranged at one end of the first mixing section 430 away from the second mixing section 440. An inner partition 450 is arranged in the inner cavity of the mixer 400. An outer partition 470 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the mixer 400. The outer diameter of the air inlet end of the air collecting section 420 is greater than the outer diameter of the air outlet end. A first nozzle 410 is arranged at one end of the inner cavity of the third mixing section 460 away from the second mixing section 440. A plurality of dispersed nozzles 412 are provided on the first nozzle 410. The first nozzle 410 is connected to the first medium box 310.

[0041] The medium in the first medium box 310 can be water, so that the water sprayed through the first nozzle 410 forms water vapor (between 100°C and 150°C) under the high temperature of the exhaust gas (about 400-600°C), and the mixed gas mixed with a large amount of water vapor can be used for fire extinguishing. The mixer 400 is provided to allow water and exhaust gas to be fully mixed to facilitate the generation of water vapor. On the other hand, it can prevent water from directly impacting the turbine 230 to protect the turbine 230 and increase its service life.

[0042] The second medium can be water. Water is injected into the combustion chamber 240 during engine operation. In the high-temperature combustion environment, the water evaporates into water vapor. This part of water vapor can increase the amount of water vapor in the exhaust gas for fire extinguishing on the one hand, and increase the engine flow rate and play a role in temperature control and cooling on the other hand. When the media in the first medium box 310 and the second medium box 320 are consistent, for example, both are water, the first medium box 310 and the second medium box 320 can be the same medium box.

[0043] A third nozzle 800 is installed at the exhaust end of the concentrated nozzle 500, and the third nozzle 800 is connected to the third medium box 330. The air outlet end of the third nozzle 800 is connected to the jet port 600. The third medium box 330 can contain a fire extinguishing agent (hydrocarbon surfactant, fluorocarbon surfactant, flame retardant, etc.). The fire extinguishing agent sprayed out through the third nozzle 800 can be mixed with water vapor exhaust. Other nozzles and other nozzles for injecting other media can be further arranged behind the third nozzle 800 to further improve the fire extinguishing effect.

[0044] The outer diameter of the air inlet end of the air collecting section 420 is larger than the outer diameter of the first mixing section 430. The outer diameters of the first mixing section 430, the second mixing section 440 and the third mixing section 460 are all the same. The air collecting section 420 is arranged in a bell-mouth shape to facilitate the gathering of exhaust gas.

[0045] A first hole group 431 is provided on the outer side of the first mixing section 430, a second hole group 441 is provided on the outer side of the second mixing section 440, and a third hole group 461 is provided on the outer side of the third mixing section 460. The first hole group 431, the second hole group 441 and the third hole group 461 have the same number of holes. The first, second and third hole groups 461 cooperate with the concentrated nozzle 500 to form a waterproof cavity to prevent water from being blocked inside the mixer 400 due to excessive water sprayed from the first nozzle 410 (in order to ensure sufficient water vapor content, a large water supply is required) or too long an operation time, thereby affecting exhaust and water vapor generation. At this time, excess water can be stored in the water storage cavity.

[0046] The inner baffle 450 is disposed between the first mixing section 430 and the second mixing section 440, the outer baffle 470 is fixedly connected between the second mixing section 440 and the third mixing section 460, and the outer side of the outer baffle 470 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the concentrated nozzle 500. This arrangement allows the exhaust gas to be discharged as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the water flows through various parts of the mixer 400, so as to evaporate the water sprayed from the first nozzle 410 into water vapor and fully mix it with the exhaust gas to form a mixed gas for spraying.

[0047] Multiple groups of first fins 451 are disposed on both sides of the inner partition 450. The multiple groups of first fins 451 are arranged at equal intervals. The first fins 451 facilitate heat exchange between water and exhaust gas, thereby improving the water vapor generation efficiency.

[0048] A plurality of groups of second fins 490 are arranged on the inner cavity wall of the second mixing section 440 and the inner cavity wall of the third mixing section 460. The plurality of groups of second fins 490 are arranged at equal intervals. The first fin 451 and the second fin 490 have the same length. The length of the mixer 400 increases the contact time between water and exhaust gas. Meanwhile, the second fin 490 can increase the residence time of water in the second mixing section 440 and the third mixing section 460, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of water and exhaust gas and facilitating the full evaporation of water into water vapor.

[0049] The inner cavity of the third mixing section 460 is fixedly connected to a distribution plate 480 near the first nozzle 410. A plurality of water outlets are provided on one side of the distribution plate 480. Water can be more evenly sprayed into the interior of the mixer 400 through the water outlets on the distribution plate 480 to mix with the exhaust gas for heat exchange.

[0050] An afterburner 900 is provided between the outlet end of the turbine 230 and the inlet end of the mixer 400. A water injection port 411 connected to the first nozzle 410 is provided at one end of the third mixing section 460 opposite to the first mixing section 430. The spray side of the first nozzle 410 is arc-shaped, and the dispersion nozzle 412 is convenient for spraying water in all directions. The water injection port 411 can be connected to the first medium box 310. The water spraying direction is opposite to the exhaust direction, so as to facilitate full mixing and evaporation.

[0051] The function of the afterburner 900 is mainly to further consume oxygen in the exhaust gas to further improve the fire extinguishing effect (the less oxygen, the better the fire extinguishing effect), and the secondary combustion in the afterburner 900 can further increase the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the mixer 400, which is more conducive to the generation of water vapor. The afterburner 900 can be connected to a separate fuel tank (not shown), or it can share the same fuel tank (not shown) with the combustion chamber 240. Generally, the oxygen content in the air is about 21%, and the oxygen content in the exhaust gas after combustion in the combustion chamber 240 is about 14%. After combustion in the afterburner 900, the oxygen content in the exhaust gas is almost 0.

[0052] The vehicle body 100 is provided with a compartment 110 for mounting an engine body 200, an air inlet end of a compressor 220 is connected with an air intake port 201 located at the top of the compartment 110, and a fuel tank 700 for providing fuel to a combustion chamber 240 is installed on the vehicle body 100;

[0053] The jet port 600 can be directional-adjusted by a flexible connector or a connecting rod swing mechanism, or a turbojet engine that generates water vapor is disposed on a rotating device to achieve horizontal exhaust adjustment. The jet port 600 has an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate disposed longitudinally, and the pitch angles of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate can be adjusted respectively by a connecting rod swing mechanism or a gear swing mechanism to achieve vertical exhaust adjustment.

[0054] When using, Figure 3 As shown, when the engine is working, the outside air is drawn into the compressor 220 through the air intake 201 for compression and then passed into the combustion chamber 240, and is mixed with the fuel from the fuel tank 700 in the combustion chamber 240 to burn and produce exhaust gas. At the same time, the medium in the second medium box 320 can be passed into the combustion chamber 240 through the second nozzle 241 to increase the amount of water vapor in the exhaust gas for fire extinguishing and temperature control and cooling.

[0055] like Figure 8 As shown, the exhaust gas passes through the gas collecting section 420 into the first mixing section 430, and is blocked by the inner baffle 450 to be discharged from the mixer 400 through the first opening group 431, and is blocked by the outer baffle 470 to enter the second mixing section 440 and the third mixing section 460 through the second opening group 441, and then is discharged through the third opening group 461 of the third mixing section 460, and the fire extinguishing agent (hydrocarbon surfactant, fluorocarbon surfactant, flame retardant, etc.) in the third medium box 330 is sprayed out through the third nozzle 800 to be mixed with water vapor, thereby further improving the fire extinguishing effect;

[0056] like Figure 9-11As shown, the exhaust gas passes through the first fin 451 in the process of ejecting the mixer 400 to facilitate heat exchange between water and the exhaust gas. The second fin 490 increases the residence time of water in the second mixing section 440 and the third mixing section 460, which is conducive to the full evaporation of water into water vapor. The water ejected from the first nozzle 410 is ejected through the dispersion nozzle 412 and then discharged evenly from the water outlet on the distribution plate 480, and then mixed with the exhaust gas after heat exchange and discharged, so that the mixed gas containing water vapor is ejected through the jet port 600 to facilitate fire extinguishing.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the arrangement of the engine rotor system is as follows: a compressor 220, a first radial bearing, a thrust bearing, a second radial bearing, and a turbine 230, wherein the bearings can be non-contact bearings, such as air bearings, or contact bearings, such as ball bearings, or part of the bearings can be non-contact bearings and the other part can be contact bearings. At the same time, a third radial bearing can be provided between the second radial bearing and the turbine 230. This solution does not limit the arrangement of the rotor system of the engine body 200.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbojet engine for generating water vapor, characterized in that: include: An engine body (200), the engine body (200) comprising a rotating shaft (210), one end of the rotating shaft (210) being provided with a compressor (220), a combustion chamber (240) and a turbine (230) in sequence, the combustion chamber (240) being provided with a second nozzle (241), the discharge end of the turbine (230) being provided with a mixer (400), the discharge end of the mixer (400) being provided with a concentrated nozzle (500) on its outer side, and the second nozzle (241) being connected with a second medium box (320); The mixer (400) comprises a first mixing section (430), a second mixing section (440) and a third mixing section (460) which are integrally formed, the second mixing section (440) being arranged between the first mixing section (430) and the third mixing section (460), a gas collecting section (420) being arranged at one end of the first mixing section (430) away from the second mixing section (440), an inner partition (450) being arranged in the inner cavity of the mixer (400), an outer partition (470) being fixedly connected to the outer side of the mixer (400), an outer diameter of the gas inlet end of the gas collecting section (420) being larger than an outer diameter of the gas outlet end, a first nozzle (410) being arranged at one end of the inner cavity of the third mixing section (460) away from the second mixing section (440), a plurality of groups of dispersion nozzles (412) being provided on the first nozzle (410), and the first nozzle (410) being connected to a first medium box (310).

2. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third nozzle (800) is installed at the exhaust end of the concentrated nozzle (500), the third nozzle (800) is connected to a third medium box (330), and the air outlet end of the third nozzle (800) is connected to an air injection port (600).

3. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the air inlet end of the air collecting section (420) is greater than the outer diameter of the first mixing section (430), and the outer diameters of the first mixing section (430), the second mixing section (440) and the third mixing section (460) are all the same.

4. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first opening group (431) is provided on the outer side of the first mixing section (430), a second opening group (441) is provided on the outer side of the second mixing section (440), and a third opening group (461) is provided on the outer side of the third mixing section (460), wherein the first opening group (431), the second opening group (441) and the third opening group (461) have the same number of openings.

5. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner baffle (450) is arranged between the first mixing section (430) and the second mixing section (440), the outer baffle (470) is fixedly connected between the second mixing section (440) and the third mixing section (460), and the outer side of the outer baffle (470) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the concentrated nozzle (500).

6. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple groups of first fins (451) are arranged on both sides of the inner partition plate (450), and the multiple groups of first fins (451) are arranged at equal intervals.

7. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of second fins (490) are arranged on the inner cavity wall of the second mixing section (440) and the inner cavity wall of the third mixing section (460), and the plurality of groups of second fins (490) are arranged at equal intervals, and the first fin (451) and the second fin (490) have the same length.

8. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A distribution plate (480) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the third mixing section (460) near the first nozzle (410), and a plurality of water outlets are provided on one side of the distribution plate (480).

9. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: An afterburner (900) is provided between the air outlet end of the turbine (230) and the air inlet end of the mixer (400), and a water injection port (411) connected to the first nozzle (410) is provided at one end of the third mixing section (460) opposite to the first mixing section (430).

10. A steam generating turbojet engine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vehicle body (100) is provided with a carriage (110) for mounting an engine body (200), an air inlet end of the compressor (220) is connected to an air intake port (201) located at the top of the carriage (110), and a fuel tank (700) for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber (240) is installed on the vehicle body (100).

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