Soil acid-base property detection device for environmental engineering

Abstract

The invention provides a soil acidity-alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering, and relates to the technical field of soil detection.The soil acidity-alkalinity detection device comprises a base, a sampling opening is formed in the upper end of the base, a fixing frame is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base and located right in front of the sampling opening, and a first driving motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the fixing frame; a first screw rod is mounted at the output end of the first driving motor and rotationally mounted in a fixing frame, a sliding frame is mounted in the fixing frame in a sliding manner, the sliding frame is mounted on the first screw rod in a threaded manner, a sampling pipe is fixedly mounted on the sliding frame, a conical soil breaking ring is fixedly mounted at the lower end part of the sampling pipe, and a bracket is fixedly mounted at the upper end part of the sampling pipe; a sampling mechanism is mounted at the upper end of the bracket; the sampling mechanism comprises a second driving motor, the second driving motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the support, automatic treatment, including sampling, sample cutting and crushing and mixing with distilled water, of a soil sample in the sampling process is achieved, and the working efficiency and operation convenience are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and more specifically, particularly relates to a soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering. Background Art

[0002] Soil acidity and alkalinity refers to the various chemical and biochemical reactions in the soil, which show different acidity or alkalinity. The strength of soil acidity and alkalinity is often measured by pH. The reason why soil has acidity and alkalinity is that there are a small amount of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in the soil. When the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions, the soil is acidic; otherwise, it is alkaline; when the two are equal, it is neutral.

[0003] However, the existing soil acidity and alkalinity detection devices for environmental engineering still have the following shortcomings when used: 1. It is difficult to accurately control the sampling depth when using the existing soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering, which easily causes the sample to be disturbed by soil at different levels, and the accuracy and representativeness of the sample cannot be guaranteed. Moreover, during the sampling process, due to the different properties of the soil, the soil is easy to leak from the sampling device or stick to the sampling device, making it difficult to remove.

[0004] 2. For post-sampling processing, previous methods are usually more complicated, requiring multiple separation steps and different equipment to complete operations such as crushing and mixing. This is not only inefficient, but also easily introduces manual operation errors, increases labor intensity, and may cause human interference to soil samples during the processing process, affecting the accuracy of the test results.

[0005] The existing structure and deficiencies are studied and improved, and a soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering is provided. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering to solve the above problems.

[0007] A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering, comprising a base, a sampling port is provided at the upper end of the base, a fixing frame is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base, the fixing frame is located directly in front of the sampling port, a first driving motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the fixing frame, a first screw is installed at the output end of the first driving motor, the first screw is rotatably installed in the fixing frame, a slide is slidably installed inside the fixing frame, the slide is threadedly installed on the first screw, a sampling tube is fixedly installed on the slide, a conical soil-breaking ring is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sampling tube, and a bracket is fixedly installed at the upper end of the sampling tube; A sampling mechanism is installed on the upper end of the bracket; The sampling mechanism includes a second driving motor, which is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bracket, a first rotating column is mounted on the output end of the second driving motor, a baffle is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the first rotating column, a dividing piece is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the baffle, a sliding plate is slidably mounted inside the sampling tube, the first rotating column is slidably mounted in the sliding plate, a first spring is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the sliding plate, and one end of the first spring away from the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube.

[0008] Preferably, a wedge-shaped semi-circular disk is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sampling tube, and the upper and lower ends of the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk are both wedge-shaped. The wedge-shaped semi-circular disk is located below the sliding disk and keeps fit with it. An inner groove is opened on the side wall of the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk, and the baffle is rotatably installed in the inner groove.

[0009] Preferably, a first threaded ring is provided below the wedge-shaped semicircular disk, the first threaded ring is threadedly installed in the inner wall of the sampling tube, cutting blades are evenly and equidistantly fixed inside the first threaded ring, and guide strips are fixedly installed on the side wall of the slide.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing seat is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base, the fixing seat is located on the left side of the sampling port, a second screw is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the fixing seat, and a second threaded ring is threadedly installed on the second screw.

[0011] Preferably, a torsion spring is sleeved on the second screw rod, the lower end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the fixing seat, the upper end of the torsion spring is fixedly installed with a fixing ring, and the inner wall of the fixing ring is symmetrically provided with limiting grooves with the center point of the cross section as the symmetry axis.

[0012] Preferably, a sleeve rod is inserted into the second screw rod, a guide column is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sleeve rod side wall, the guide column is in contact with the lower end of the guide bar, and a limit strip is symmetrically fixedly installed on the sleeve rod side wall with the center point of the cross section as the symmetry axis, and the two limit strips are respectively inserted in the two limit grooves.

[0013] Preferably, a side strip is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the sleeve rod, a detection box is fixedly mounted on the side strip, a fourth circular groove is provided on the side wall of the detection box, a slot is provided on the upper end of the side strip, a first circular groove is provided on the side wall of the side strip, and a baffle is slidably mounted inside the slot.

[0014] Preferably, a second circular groove is formed through the baffle, a fixed block is symmetrically fixedly installed on the side strip with the center point of the side wall as the axis of symmetry, a sliding column is symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower end of the baffle with the center point as the axis of symmetry, two sliding columns are respectively slidably installed in the two fixed blocks, a second spring is sleeved on the two sliding columns, and the upper and lower ends of the two second springs are respectively fixedly connected to the baffle and the fixed block.

[0015] Preferably, a mixing disk is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the side strip, a third circular groove is opened on the side wall of the mixing disk, and the fourth circular groove, the first circular groove, the second circular groove and the third circular groove are located on the same horizontal line and are equal in size.

[0016] Preferably, a third driving motor is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the mixing disk, a second rotating column is mounted on the output end of the third driving motor, the second rotating column is rotatably mounted in the mixing disk, a mounting groove is provided inside the second rotating column, a third threaded ring is threadedly mounted on the second rotating column, a resist is fixedly mounted on the third threaded ring, a first agitator is inserted into the mounting groove, and a second agitator is evenly and equidistantly mounted on the first agitator.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, a first driving motor, a slide, a sampling tube, a conical earth-breaking ring, a second driving motor, a first rotating column, a baffle, a cutting blade, a sliding disk, a wedge-shaped semicircular disk, an inner groove, a first threaded ring and a cutting blade are provided. When the sampling tube moves downward, the conical earth-breaking ring will first contact the ground. At this time, the conical earth-breaking ring will penetrate into the ground, and then the soil will enter the interior along the cavity of the sampling tube. At this time, the soil will be cut by the cutting blade inside the first threaded ring, and then slide upward along the wedge-shaped semicircular disk. Then, an extrusion force will be applied to the sliding disk. Under the action of this force, the sliding disk will be squeezed to move upward inside the sampling tube. The movement of the sliding disk will drive the first spring to be compressed. When the sampling tube moves downward, the first spring will be compressed. After the sample tube and the conical soil-breaking ring move to the depth to be sampled, the second drive motor can be started. Under the action of the second drive motor, the first rotating column will be driven to rotate. At this time, the first rotating column will drive the baffle plate and the dividing piece to rotate inside the inner groove. When the baffle plate and the dividing piece rotate the conical soil-breaking ring 180°, they will form a seal with the wedge-shaped semicircular disk. At this time, the slide and the sampling tube can be drawn out of the soil by the first drive motor to complete the sampling. The equipment can achieve accurate sampling of the soil and directly reach the specified depth, ensuring the accuracy and representativeness of the sample. The design of the closed structure effectively prevents leakage and mixing of the soil during the sampling and extraction process, ensuring the integrity and consistency of the sample. The present invention provides a baffle plate and a dividing piece which can be driven by a second driving motor to reset and retract into the inner groove. At this time, the soil loses its supporting force, and the first spring will restore its deformation to push the sliding plate to move downward inside the sampling tube. The sliding plate will push the soil to slide out of the sampling tube. The soil at the bottom is the sampling layer soil. At this time, the second driving motor can be driven again to rotate inside the inner groove, and then the sliding layer soil that has slipped out can be cut, and the cutting piece can be used to achieve the effect of crushing the soil. The crushed soil will fall into the distilled water inside the mixing plate. The equipment can crush the sampling layer soil during the loading and unloading process to make it more uniform and fine, which is convenient for subsequent full dissolution and analysis in distilled water, thereby improving the reliability of detection. In addition, when sampling, the soil is not easy to accumulate inside the sampling tube, causing the problem of difficulty in cleaning. The whole process has a high degree of automation, which reduces the error and labor intensity of manual operation, and also reduces the human interference with the soil sample, thereby enhancing the accuracy of detection. In the present invention, a first driving motor, a slide, a sampling tube, a guide bar, a torsion spring, a fixing ring, a sleeve rod, a guide column and a mixing disk are provided. When the slide moves downward under the drive of the first driving motor, the slide will drive the guide bar fixed thereto to move downward. At this time, the guide bar will apply an extrusion force to the guide column. At this time, the guide column will drive the sleeve rod to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the sleeve rod will drive the fixing ring to rotate counterclockwise accordingly. The fixing ring will drive the torsion spring to twist accordingly. The mixing disk will rotate counterclockwise with the sleeve rod as the central axis. The mixing disk will be misaligned with the sampling tube during the descent process. Conversely, when the sampling tube completes sampling and rises, the torsion spring will drive the fixing ring to reset, and then drive the sleeve rod and the mixing disk to reset. At this time, the mixing disk will be directly below the sampling tube, so that when the device is in use, the present invention can cleverly realize the automatic linkage and position change of the components during the sampling process, thereby improving the automation degree and working efficiency of the device. In the present invention, a detection box, a first circular groove, a baffle, a second circular groove, a fixed block, a sliding column, a third circular groove, a first stirrer, a second stirrer and a fourth circular groove are provided. Under the joint rotation of the first stirrer and the second stirrer, the soil and distilled water are mixed to form a soil leachate. After standing still, the baffle can be pressed downward, and the baffle will drive the two sliding columns to slide downward in the two fixed blocks. At this time, the two second springs will be compressed accordingly, and will overlap with the first circular groove under the movement of the baffle. At this time, the soil leachate standing still inside the mixing disk will flow into the detection box from the third circular groove, the first circular groove, the second circular groove and the fourth circular groove. At this time, an acid-base indicator can be added into the detection box to judge the acidity and alkalinity of the soil according to the color change (for example, using a phenolphthalein indicator, if it turns red, it is alkaline; using a litmus indicator, it turns red for acidity and blue for alkalinity). The present invention realizes automatic processing of soil samples during sampling, including sampling, sample cutting and crushing, and mixing with distilled water, which greatly improves work efficiency and operation convenience. In the present invention, by providing a second threaded ring, a fixed ring, a limiting groove, a second screw rod, a sleeve rod, a guide column, a second rotating column, a mounting groove, a resist column and a first agitator, the sleeve rod can be inserted into the second screw rod during installation, and then the two limiting strips on the sleeve rod will be inserted into the two limiting grooves inside the fixed ring, which is convenient for positioning the guide column, and then the second threaded ring can be installed on the second screw rod to complete the limiting of the sleeve rod, and the first agitator can be inserted into the mounting groove, and then the third threaded ring can be installed on the second rotating column, and at this time the mounting groove will drive the resist column to resist the first agitator to complete its limiting, so that the overall installation and disassembly of the equipment during use is relatively convenient and labor-saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the slide connection of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sampling tube of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk connection structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the baffle connection structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the sleeve rod connection of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the detection box of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the first agitator connection of the present invention; Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0019] In the figure, the corresponding relationship between the structure names and the reference numerals is as follows: 11, base; 12, sampling port; 13, fixed frame; 14, first drive motor; 15, first screw; 16, slide; 17, sampling tube; 18, conical breaking ring; 19, bracket; 21, second drive motor; 22, first rotating column; 23, baffle plate; 24, split plate; 25, slide plate; 26, first spring; 27, wedge-shaped semicircular disk; 28, inner groove; 31, first threaded ring; 32, cutting plate; 33, guide strip; 34, fixed seat; 35, second threaded ring; 36, Torsion spring; 37, fixing ring; 38, limiting groove; 39, second screw; 41, sleeve rod; 42, guide column; 43, limiting strip; 44, side strip; 45, detection box; 46, slot; 47, first circular groove; 48, baffle; 49, second circular groove; 51, fixing block; 52, sliding column; 53, second spring; 54, mixing disk; 55, third circular groove; 56, third driving motor; 57, second rotating column; 58, mounting groove; 59, third threaded ring; 61, butt column; 62, first agitator; 63, second agitator; 64, fourth circular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1 - Fig. 9 The present invention provides a soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering, comprising a base 11, a sampling port 12 is provided at the upper end of the base 11, a fixing frame 13 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base 11, the fixing frame 13 is located directly in front of the sampling port 12, a first driving motor 14 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the fixing frame 13, a first screw 15 is installed at the output end of the first driving motor 14, the first screw 15 is rotatably installed in the fixing frame 13, a slide 16 is slidably installed inside the fixing frame 13, the slide 16 is threadedly installed on the first screw 15, a sampling tube 17 is fixedly installed on the slide 16, a conical soil-breaking ring 18 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sampling tube 17, and a bracket 19 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the sampling tube 17; A sampling mechanism is installed at the upper end of the bracket 19; The sampling mechanism includes a second drive motor 21, which is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bracket 19, a first rotating column 22 is mounted on the output end of the second drive motor 21, a baffle 23 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the first rotating column 22, a splitter 24 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the baffle 23, a sliding plate 25 is slidably mounted inside the sampling tube 17, the first rotating column 22 is slidably mounted in the sliding plate 25, a first spring 26 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the sliding plate 25, an end of the first spring 26 away from the sliding plate 25 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube 17, a wedge-shaped semicircular disk 27 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sampling tube 17, and the wedge-shaped semicircular disk 25 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sampling tube 17. The upper and lower ends of the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk 27 are both wedge-shaped. The wedge-shaped semi-circular disk 27 is located below the sliding disk 25 and keeps in contact with it. An inner groove 28 is provided on the side wall of the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk 27. The baffle plate 23 is rotatably installed in the inner groove 28. A first threaded ring 31 is provided below the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk 27. The first threaded ring 31 is threadedly installed in the inner wall of the sampling tube 17. When in use, the device can be placed at the position of the soil to be tested so that the sampling port 12 is directly opposite to the detection point. Then the first driving motor 14 can be started. Under the action of the first driving motor 14, the first screw 15 will be driven to rotate inside the fixed frame 13. At this time, the first screw 15 will drive the sliding frame 16 to rotate in the fixed frame. The interior of the fixed frame 13 moves downward, and the movement of the slide 16 will drive the sampling tube 17 to move downward. When the sampling tube 17 moves downward, the conical breaking ring 18 will first contact the ground. At this time, the conical breaking ring 18 will penetrate into the ground, and then the soil will enter the interior along the cavity of the sampling tube 17. At this time, the soil will be cut by the cutting blade 32 inside the first threaded ring 31, and then slide upward along the wedge-shaped semicircular disk 27, and then an extrusion force will be applied to the sliding disk 25. Under the action of this force, the sliding disk 25 will be squeezed to move upward inside the sampling tube 17, and the movement of the sliding disk 25 will drive the first spring 26 to be compressed. When the sampling tube 17 and the conical breaking ring 18 move to the depth to be sampled, the second drive motor 21 can be started. Under the action of the second drive motor 21, the first rotating column 22 will be driven to rotate. At this time, the first rotating column 22 will drive the baffle plate 23 and the dividing piece 24 to rotate inside the inner groove 28. When the baffle plate 23 and the dividing piece 24 rotate the conical breaking ring 180°, they will form a seal with the wedge-shaped semicircular disk 27. At this time, the slide 16 and the sampling tube 17 can be drawn out of the soil by the first drive motor 14 to complete the sampling. The equipment can realize accurate sampling of the soil and directly reach the specified depth to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the sample; A cutting blade 32 is evenly and equidistantly fixedly installed inside the first threaded ring 31, a guide strip 33 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the slide 16, a fixing seat 34 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base 11, the fixing seat 34 is located on the left side of the sampling port 12, a second screw 39 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper end of the fixing seat 34, a second threaded ring 35 is threadedly installed on the second screw 39, a torsion spring 36 is sleeved on the second screw 39, the lower end of the torsion spring 36 is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 34, a fixing ring 37 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the torsion spring 36, a limiting groove 38 is symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the fixing ring 37 with the center point of the cross section as the symmetry axis, a sleeve rod 41 is inserted into the second screw 39, a guide column 42 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the side wall of the sleeve rod 41, and the guide column 42 is symmetrical to the lower end of the guide strip 33 The two limiting strips 43 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve rod 41 with the center point of the cross section as the symmetry axis, and the two limiting strips 43 are respectively inserted in the two limiting grooves 38, and the side strip 44 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve rod 41, and the detection box 45 is fixedly installed on the side strip 44, and the fourth circular groove 64 is opened on the side wall of the detection box 45, and the upper end of the side strip 44 is opened with a slot 46, and the side wall of the side strip 44 is opened with a first circular groove 47, and a baffle 48 is slidably installed inside the slot 46, and a second circular groove 49 is opened through the baffle 48, and the side strip 44 is symmetrically fixedly installed with a fixed block 51 with the center point of the side wall as the symmetry axis, and the lower end of the baffle 48 is symmetrically fixedly installed with a sliding column 52 with the center point as the symmetry axis, and the two sliding columns 52 are respectively slidably installed on the two fixed blocks 5 1, the two slide posts 52 are sleeved with second springs 53, and the upper and lower ends of the two second springs 53 are fixedly connected to the baffle 48 and the fixing block 51 respectively. A mixing disk 54 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the side bar 44. When sampling, distilled water can be injected into the mixing disk 54 first. When the slide 16 moves downward under the drive of the first drive motor 14, the slide 16 will drive the guide bar 33 fixed thereto to move downward. At this time, the guide bar 33 will apply an extrusion force to the guide post 42. At this time, the guide post 42 will drive the sleeve rod 41 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the sleeve rod 41 will drive the fixing ring 37 to rotate counterclockwise, and the fixing ring 37 will drive the torsion spring 36 to twist accordingly. The mixing disk 54 will rotate counterclockwise with the sleeve rod 41 as the central axis, and the mixing disk 54 will rotate counterclockwise during sampling. The tube 17 is dislocated with it during its descent. On the contrary, when the sampling tube 17 completes sampling and rises, the torsion spring 36 will drive the fixing ring 37 to reset, and then drive the sleeve rod 41 and the mixing disk 54 to reset. At this time, the mixing disk 54 will be directly below the sampling tube 17. At this time, the baffle plate 23 and the dividing plate 24 can be driven by the second driving motor 21 to reset and retract into the inner groove 28. At this time, the soil loses its supporting force, and the first spring 26 will restore its deformation to push the sliding plate 25 to move downward inside the sampling tube 17. The sliding plate 25 will push the soil to slide out of the sampling tube 17. The soil at the bottom is the sampling layer soil. At this time, the second driving motor 21 can be driven again to rotate inside the inner groove 28, and then the sliding sampling layer soil can be cut.In combination with the cutting blade 32, the soil can be crushed. The crushed soil will fall into the distilled water inside the mixing plate 54. The device can crush the soil in the sampling layer during the loading and unloading process to make it more uniform and fine, which is convenient for subsequent dissolution and analysis in distilled water, thereby improving the reliability of the detection. In addition, during sampling, the soil is not easy to accumulate inside the sampling tube 17, which makes it difficult to clean. The whole process has a high degree of automation, which reduces the error and labor intensity of manual operation, and also reduces the human interference with the soil sample. A third circular groove 55 is provided on the side wall of the mixing disk 54. The fourth circular groove 64, the first circular groove 47, the second circular groove 49 and the third circular groove 55 are located on the same horizontal line and are equal in size. A third driving motor 56 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the mixing disk 54. A second rotating column 57 is installed at the output end of the third driving motor 56. The second rotating column 57 is rotatably installed in the mixing disk 54. A mounting groove 58 is provided inside the second rotating column 57. A third threaded ring 59 is threadedly installed on the second rotating column 57. A stop column 61 is fixedly installed on the third threaded ring 59. A first agitator 62 is inserted into the mounting groove 58. When the sleeve rod 41 is inserted into the second screw rod 39, the two limiting strips 43 on the sleeve rod 41 will be inserted into the two limiting grooves 38 inside the fixing ring 37, which is convenient for positioning the guide column 42. Then the second threaded ring 35 can be installed on the second screw rod 39 to complete the limiting of the sleeve rod 41, and the first agitator 62 can be inserted into the installation groove 58. Then the third threaded ring 59 can be installed on the second rotating column 57. At this time, the installation groove 58 will drive the abutting column 61 to abut against the first agitator 62 to complete the limiting of it, so that the overall installation and disassembly of the device is relatively convenient and labor-saving when in use; The second agitator 63 is evenly and equidistantly installed on the first agitator 62. When the soil falls into the mixing disk 54, the third drive motor 56 can be started. The second rotating column 57 will be driven to rotate under the action of the third drive motor 56. The rotation of the second rotating column 57 will drive the first agitator 62 to rotate. At this time, the first agitator 62 will drive the second agitator 63 to rotate together in the mixing disk 54. The soil and distilled water will be mixed together under the common rotation of the first agitator 62 and the second agitator 63 to produce soil leachate. After standing, the baffle 48 can be pressed downward. At this time, the baffle 48 will drive the two sliding columns 52 to slide downward in the two fixed blocks 51. When the two second springs 53 are compressed, they will overlap with the first circular groove 47 under the movement of the baffle 48. At this time, the soil leachate stationary in the mixing disk 54 will flow into the detection box 45 through the third circular groove 55, the first circular groove 47, the second circular groove 49 and the fourth circular groove 64. At this time, an acid-base indicator can be added to the detection box 45 to judge the acidity and alkalinity of the soil according to the color change (for example, using a phenolphthalein indicator, if it turns red, it is alkaline; using a litmus indicator, it turns red for acidity and blue for alkalinity). The present invention realizes automatic processing of soil samples during the sampling process, including sampling, sample cutting and crushing, and mixing with distilled water, which greatly improves work efficiency and operation convenience.

[0022] Working principle: The first step is to place the device on the soil to be tested so that the sampling port 12 is aligned with the test point. Then the first drive motor 14 can be started. Under the action of the first drive motor 14, the first screw 15 will be driven to rotate inside the fixed frame 13. At this time, the first screw 15 will drive the slide 16 to move downward inside the fixed frame 13. Under the movement of the slide 16, the sampling tube 17 will be driven to move downward. When the sampling tube 17 moves downward, the conical breaking ring 18 will first contact the ground. At this time, the conical breaking ring 18 will penetrate into the ground, and then the soil will enter the interior along the cavity of the sampling tube 17. At this time, the soil will be cut by the cutting blade 32 inside the first threaded ring 31, and then slide upward along the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk 27. Then, an extrusion force will be applied to the sliding disk 25. Under the action of this force, the sliding plate 25 will be squeezed to move upward inside the sampling tube 17. The movement of the sliding plate 25 will drive the first spring 26 to be compressed. When the sampling tube 17 and the conical breaking ring 18 move to the depth to be sampled, the second drive motor 21 can be started. Under the action of the second drive motor 21, the first rotating column 22 will be driven to rotate. At this time, the first rotating column 22 will drive the baffle plate 23 and the dividing piece 24 to rotate inside the inner groove 28. When the baffle plate 23 and the dividing piece 24 rotate the conical breaking ring 180°, they will form a seal with the wedge-shaped semicircular disk 27. At this time, the slide 16 and the sampling tube 17 can be extracted from the soil by the first drive motor 14 to complete the sampling. The equipment can realize accurate sampling of the soil and directly reach the specified depth to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the sample. In the second step, distilled water can be injected into the mixing disk 54 during sampling. When the slide 16 moves downward under the drive of the first drive motor 14, the slide 16 will drive the guide bar 33 fixed thereto to move downward. At this time, the guide bar 33 will apply an extrusion force to the guide column 42. At this time, the guide column 42 will drive the sleeve rod 41 to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the sleeve rod 41 will drive the fixing ring 37 to rotate counterclockwise, and the fixing ring 37 will drive the torsion spring 36 to twist accordingly. The mixing disk 54 will rotate counterclockwise with the sleeve rod 41 as the central axis. The mixing disk 54 will be misaligned with the sampling tube 17 during the descent process. Conversely, when the sampling tube 17 completes sampling and rises, the torsion spring 36 will drive the fixing ring 37 to reset, and then drive the sleeve rod 41 and the mixing disk 54 to reset. At this time, the mixing disk 54 will be directly below the sampling tube 17. At this time, the second drive motor 21 can be used to drive the baffle plate 23 and the dividing piece 24 to reset and retract them into the inner groove 28. At this time, the soil loses its supporting force, and the first spring 26 will restore its deformation to push the sliding plate 25 to move downward inside the sampling tube 17. The sliding plate 25 will push the soil to slide out of the sampling tube 17. The soil at the bottom is the sampling layer soil. At this time, the second driving motor 21 can be driven again to rotate inside the inner groove 28, and then the sliding sampling layer soil is cut, and the cutting blade 32 can be used to achieve the effect of crushing the soil. The crushed soil will fall into the distilled water inside the mixing plate 54. The equipment can crush the sampling layer soil during the loading and unloading process to make it more uniform and fine, which is convenient for subsequent full dissolution and analysis in distilled water, and improves the reliability of detection. In addition, when sampling, the soil is not easy to accumulate inside the sampling tube 17, causing problems that are difficult to clean. The whole process has a high degree of automation, which reduces the error and labor intensity of manual operation, and also reduces human interference with soil samples. In the third step, after the soil falls into the mixing disk 54, the third driving motor 56 can be started. Under the action of the third driving motor 56, the second rotating column 57 will be driven to rotate, and the rotation of the second rotating column 57 will drive the first agitator 62 to rotate. At this time, the first agitator 62 will drive the second agitator 63 to rotate together in the mixing disk 54. Under the common rotation of the first agitator 62 and the second agitator 63, the soil and distilled water will be mixed to form a soil leachate. After standing, the baffle 48 can be pressed downward. At this time, the baffle 48 will drive the two sliding columns 52 to slide downward in the two fixed blocks 51. At this time, the two second springs 53 will Compression will then occur, and the baffle 48 will overlap with the first circular groove 47 under the movement. At this time, the soil leachate stationary in the mixing disk 54 will flow into the detection box 45 through the third circular groove 55, the first circular groove 47, the second circular groove 49 and the fourth circular groove 64. At this time, an acid-base indicator can be added to the detection box 45 to judge the acidity and alkalinity of the soil according to the color change (for example, if a phenolphthalein indicator is used, if it turns red, it is alkaline; if a litmus indicator is used, it turns red for acidity and blue for alkalinity). The present invention realizes automatic processing of soil samples during the sampling process, including sampling, sample cutting and crushing, and mixing with distilled water, which greatly improves work efficiency and operation convenience; The fourth step is to insert the sleeve rod 41 into the second screw rod 39 during installation, and then the two limit strips 43 on the sleeve rod 41 will be inserted into the two limit grooves 38 inside the fixing ring 37. At this time, it is convenient to position the guide column 42, and then the second threaded ring 35 can be installed on the second screw rod 39 to complete the limiting of the sleeve rod 41, and the first agitator 62 can be inserted into the installation groove 58, and then the third threaded ring 59 can be installed on the second rotating column 57. At this time, the installation groove 58 will drive the support column 61 to resist the first agitator 62 to complete its limiting, so that the overall installation and disassembly of the equipment during use are relatively convenient and labor-saving.

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering, comprising a base (11), a sampling port (12) being provided at an upper end of the base (11), a fixing frame (13) being fixedly mounted at the upper end of the base (11), the fixing frame (13) being located directly in front of the sampling port (12), a first driving motor (14) being fixedly mounted at the upper end of the fixing frame (13), a first screw (15) being mounted at an output end of the first driving motor (14), the first screw (15) being rotatably mounted in the fixing frame (13), characterized in that: A slide (16) is slidably mounted inside the fixed frame (13), the slide (16) is threadedly mounted on the first screw rod (15), a sampling tube (17) is fixedly mounted on the slide (16), a conical soil-breaking ring (18) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the sampling tube (17), and a bracket (19) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the sampling tube (17); A sampling mechanism is installed at the upper end of the bracket (19); The sampling mechanism comprises a second drive motor (21), the second drive motor (21) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bracket (19), a first rotating column (22) is mounted on the output end of the second drive motor (21), a baffle (23) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the first rotating column (22), a dividing plate (24) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the baffle (23), a sliding plate (25) is slidably mounted inside the sampling tube (17), the first rotating column (22) penetrates and is slidably mounted in the sliding plate (25), a first spring (26) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the sliding plate (25), and one end of the first spring (26) away from the sliding plate (25) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling tube (17).

2. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A wedge-shaped semi-circular disk (27) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sampling tube (17), the upper and lower ends of the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk (27) are both wedge-shaped, and the wedge-shaped semi-circular disk (27) is located below the sliding disk (25) and keeps in close contact with the sliding disk; An inner groove (28) is provided on the side wall of the wedge-shaped semicircular disk (27), and the baffle disk (23) is rotatably mounted in the inner groove (28).

3. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A first threaded ring (31) is provided below the wedge-shaped semicircular disk (27), and the first threaded ring (31) is threadably mounted in the inner wall of the sampling tube (17); Wherein, cutting blades (32) are fixedly mounted at even intervals inside the first threaded ring (31), and guide strips (33) are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the slide (16).

4. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing seat (34) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the base (11), and the fixing seat (34) is located on the left side of the sampling port (12); A second screw rod (39) is fixedly mounted at the center of the upper end portion of the fixing seat (34), and a second threaded ring (35) is threadedly mounted on the second screw rod (39).

5. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A torsion spring (36) is sleeved on the second screw rod (39), and the lower end of the torsion spring (36) is fixedly connected to the fixing seat (34); A fixing ring (37) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the torsion spring (36), and a limiting groove (38) is symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the fixing ring (37) with the center point of the cross section as the symmetry axis.

6. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A sleeve rod (41) is inserted into the second screw rod (39), a guide column (42) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the side wall of the sleeve rod (41), and the guide column (42) is in contact with the lower end of the guide strip (33); Wherein, a limit strip (43) is symmetrically fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve rod (41) with the center point of the cross section as the symmetry axis, and the two limit strips (43) are respectively inserted into the two limit grooves (38).

7. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A side strip (44) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the sleeve rod (41), a detection box (45) is fixedly mounted on the side strip (44), and a fourth circular groove (64) is formed on the side wall of the detection box (45); A slot (46) is provided at the upper end of the side strip (44), a first circular groove (47) is provided on the side wall of the side strip (44), and a baffle (48) is slidably mounted inside the slot (46).

8. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The baffle plate (48) is provided with a second circular groove (49) extending therethrough; a fixing block (51) is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the side strip (44) with the center point of the side wall as the symmetry axis; a sliding column (52) is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the lower end of the baffle plate (48) with the center point as the symmetry axis; and two sliding columns (52) are slidably mounted in the two fixing blocks (51) respectively; Wherein, a second spring (53) is sleeved on the two sliding columns (52), and the upper and lower ends of the two second springs (53) are respectively fixedly connected to the baffle (48) and the fixing block (51).

9. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A mixing disk (54) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the side strip (44), and a third circular groove (55) is formed on the side wall of the mixing disk (54); The fourth circular groove (64), the first circular groove (47), the second circular groove (49) and the third circular groove (55) are located on the same horizontal line and are equal in size.

10. A soil acidity and alkalinity detection device for environmental engineering as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: A third driving motor (56) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the mixing disk (54); a second rotating column (57) is mounted on the output end of the third driving motor (56); and the second rotating column (57) is rotatably mounted in the mixing disk (54); The second rotating column (57) has a mounting groove (58) formed inside, a third threaded ring (59) is threadedly mounted on the second rotating column (57), a support column (61) is fixedly mounted on the third threaded ring (59), a first agitator (62) is inserted into the mounting groove (58), and second agitators (63) are evenly and equidistantly mounted on the first agitator (62).

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