Passing noise prediction method and device for engineering vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a passing noise prediction method and device for an engineering vehicle, and relates to the technical field of engineering vehicles. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out sound source division on an engineering vehicle physical model to obtain a vehicle noise source; carrying out position division on a noise passing rapid acceleration area of the engineering vehicle to obtain working condition point locations; performing vehicle parameter calculation based on the vehicle noise source and the working condition point location to obtain rotating speed data and torque data; on the basis of the rotating speed data and the torque data, according to basic data of the engineering vehicle, characteristic data are collected through an acoustic test, and acoustic characteristics of a sound source are obtained; based on the vehicle noise source, noise transfer calculation is carried out according to the engineering vehicle basic data, and a noise transfer function is obtained; and performing transient noise correlation prediction according to the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain a passing noise prediction result of the engineering vehicle. The method is an efficient and accurate noise prediction method for the engineering vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering vehicles, and in particular to a method and device for predicting pass-by noise of engineering vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Engineering vehicles have high power and noise due to their high power transmission system, large cooling system diameter and high speed, which leads to high passing noise, causing environmental pollution and affecting human physical and mental safety in serious cases. The main noise sources of engineering vehicles include engine noise, transmission system noise, hydraulic system noise, cooling fan noise, etc. At present, in the product design stage, the relationship between the noise of each component and the passing noise of the whole machine cannot be determined, and it is impossible to effectively propose component noise control requirements, making it difficult to predict and control the noise of the whole machine.

[0003] Acoustic simulation software can be used to simulate and design the noise of components such as mufflers and fans. However, when simulating vehicle-level noise, due to the large number of sound sources and the different frequency characteristics of different sound sources, it is necessary to use a combination of simulation methods such as finite element method and statistical energy method. Modeling and calculation take a long time and it is difficult to adapt to the product development cycle. In addition, the simulation requires many parameters, some of which are difficult to obtain. Therefore, vehicle-level noise simulation has not been widely used in the engineering vehicle industry.

[0004] The existing technology cannot determine the relationship between the noise of each component and the pass-through noise, lacks a method for calculating and predicting the noise of the entire machine, cannot obtain the noise distribution, cannot effectively know the contribution of each noise source, cannot propose component noise control requirements, and cannot control the noise of the entire machine from the design stage. It often takes several rounds of rectification after the prototype is offline to make the noise meet the requirements, which not only prolongs the product development cycle, but also wastes human and material resources and increases product development costs.

[0005] In the prior art, there is a lack of an efficient and accurate noise prediction method for engineering vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the passing noise of engineering vehicles is high under rapid acceleration conditions and the non-stationary noise is difficult to quantitatively predict, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method and device for predicting the passing noise of engineering vehicles. The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] In one aspect, a method for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle is provided, the method being implemented by a pass-by noise prediction device, the method comprising:

[0008] Acquire a physical model of an engineering vehicle and basic data of the engineering vehicle at the current moment; divide the physical model of the engineering vehicle into sound sources to obtain the vehicle noise source;

[0009] According to the preset number of working condition points, the rapid acceleration area of ​​the passing noise of the engineering vehicle is discretely divided to obtain the working condition points;

[0010] Based on the vehicle noise source and the working condition point, vehicle parameters are calculated according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain speed data and torque data;

[0011] Based on the speed data and torque data, and according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle, characteristic data is collected through an acoustic test to obtain acoustic characteristics of a sound source;

[0012] Based on the vehicle noise source, noise transfer calculation is performed according to the engineering vehicle basic data to obtain a noise transfer function;

[0013] A transient noise correlation prediction is performed according to the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain a pass-by noise prediction result of the engineering vehicle.

[0014] On the other hand, a passing noise prediction device for an engineering vehicle is provided, the device is applied to a passing noise prediction method for an engineering vehicle, and the device comprises:

[0015] The sound source division module is used to obtain the physical model of the engineering vehicle and the basic data of the engineering vehicle at the current moment; the sound source of the physical model of the engineering vehicle is divided to obtain the vehicle noise source;

[0016] The working condition point division module is used to divide the rapid acceleration area of ​​the passing noise of the engineering vehicle into discrete points according to the preset number of working condition points to obtain the working condition points;

[0017] A speed and torque calculation module, used to calculate vehicle parameters based on the vehicle noise source and the working condition point and according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain speed data and torque data;

[0018] An acoustic characteristic test module, for collecting characteristic data through an acoustic test based on the rotation speed data and the torque data and the basic data of the engineering vehicle, so as to obtain the acoustic characteristics of the sound source;

[0019] A noise transfer function building module, used to perform noise transfer calculation based on the vehicle noise source and the engineering vehicle basic data to obtain a noise transfer function;

[0020] The passing noise prediction module is used to perform transient noise correlation prediction according to the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain a passing noise prediction result of the engineering vehicle.

[0021] On the other hand, a passing noise prediction device is provided, comprising: a processor; a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, any one of the above-mentioned passing noise prediction methods for engineering vehicles is implemented.

[0022] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the storage medium, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by a processor to implement any one of the above-mentioned methods for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle.

[0023] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0024] The present invention aims at the problem that the passing noise is high and the non-stationary noise is difficult to quantitatively predict under the rapid acceleration condition. The present invention proposes a passing noise prediction method of the sound source-path-contribution dynamic discrete calculation. The passing noise acceleration area is divided into several operating points, and the speed, torque, position and other information of each sound source are obtained. The load of each sound source is reproduced by bench test and other methods. The transfer path data obtained by simulation or real vehicle test is used as the transfer function from each sound source to the passing noise response point. The passing noise and the load of each sound source and the correlation calculation model between each path are established, and the passing noise transient prediction under the rapid acceleration condition is realized. The contribution of the sound source-path of each operating point can be quantitatively obtained, and improvement measures are proposed in a targeted manner. In the process of product development, the present invention does not completely rely on the test test of the physical prototype, avoids the test rectification and retest work after the prototype is offline, and saves product development costs. The present invention does not completely rely on simulation, and based on the data calculation method, the passing noise result is obtained more quickly and accurately. The present invention is an efficient and accurate noise prediction method for engineering vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of dividing operating points provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an engine noise bench test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a noise bench test device for an engine cooling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an intake and exhaust measurement point arrangement provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a transmission component noise bench test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a noise bench test device for hydraulic components provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of comparison between pass-by noise prediction and test provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a pass-by noise prediction device for an engineering vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a passing noise prediction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0038] In the embodiments of the present invention, "image" and "picture" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same. "of", "corresponding, relevant" and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same.

[0039] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written as a non-subscript such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are the same.

[0040] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle, which can be implemented by a pass-by noise prediction device, which can be a terminal or a server. Figure 1 The flowchart of the method for predicting the passing noise of an engineering vehicle shown in the figure may include the following steps:

[0042] S1. Obtain a physical model of an engineering vehicle and basic data of the engineering vehicle at the current moment; divide the physical model of the engineering vehicle into sound sources to obtain vehicle noise sources.

[0043] In a feasible implementation, the noise of the whole engineering vehicle is formed by the superposition of the noise of each component. Therefore, the contribution of the noise of each component to the measuring point is calculated, and the noise contribution of each component is superimposed to predict the passing noise level of the whole machine. According to the user requirements of the product model, the level of the benchmark vehicle, and the requirements of regulations, combined with its own technical level, market positioning, and comprehensive factors such as cost and time requirements, the passing noise target is set. The passing noise of the whole machine is decomposed into the main noise sources such as engine noise, cooling system noise, exhaust noise, intake noise, hydraulic component noise, and transmission component noise.

[0044] S2. According to the preset number of working condition points, the rapid acceleration area of ​​the passing noise of the engineering vehicle is discretely divided into points to obtain working condition points.

[0045] Among them, the point interval of the working condition point is as follows (1):

[0046] (1);

[0047] Wherein, H is the point interval; N is the number of preset working condition points, and N is greater than or equal to 10.

[0048] In a feasible implementation, the current pass-by noise standards mainly include GB 1495 "Limits and measurement methods for exterior noise of motor vehicles during acceleration", ECE R51.03 "Uniform provisions for noise emission certification of motor vehicles with more than four wheels", etc.

[0049] According to the calculation accuracy requirements, the 20m rapid acceleration area (between AA' and BB') of the pass-by noise specified in the standard is divided into several operating points. The more points there are, the more accurate the calculation is. It is recommended to have at least 10 points. Take 11 points as an example. Figure 2As shown, 11 points are selected between AA' and BB', named C1-C11, and the distance between two adjacent points is 2 meters. Two points are selected after point C11, C12 and C13, the distance from C11 to C13 is the length of the vehicle body, and C12 is the midpoint between C11 and C13. The entire test process starts from the front of the vehicle entering point C1 to the front of the vehicle exiting point C13 (point C11 at the rear of the vehicle).

[0050] S3. Based on the vehicle noise source and working condition points, vehicle parameters are calculated according to basic data of engineering vehicles to obtain speed data and torque data.

[0051] Optionally, based on the vehicle noise source and working condition point, vehicle parameters are calculated according to basic data of engineering vehicles to obtain speed data and torque data, including:

[0052] Construct the operating condition spectrum based on the basic data of engineering vehicles;

[0053] Based on the working condition point, the sound source speed is calculated according to the working condition spectrum to obtain the speed data of each noise source at the current moment;

[0054] Based on the working condition point, the sound source torque is calculated according to the working condition spectrum to obtain the torque data of each noise source at the current moment.

[0055] In a feasible implementation, the target condition for accelerating through noise is that when the front end of the engine passes the BB' line, the engine speed should be maintained between 85% and 89% of the rated speed, and the vehicle speed should be within the range of 35 km / h ± 5 km / h. The relationship between the vehicle speed, the engine speed and the transmission parameters is shown in Formula 2:

[0056] (2);

[0057] Among them, V is the vehicle speed, unit is km / h; n is the engine speed, unit is r / min; r is the tire radius, unit is m; a is the speed ratio under the selected gearbox gear; b is the speed ratio under the selected transfer case gear; c is the total speed ratio of the drive axle.

[0058] According to the speed and vehicle speed requirements specified in the standard, as well as the transmission speed ratio, determine the transmission gear for accelerating the vehicle. Based on the selected gear and the speed of the BB' line at the front end of the engine, if the vehicle already has a physical prototype or a similar vehicle of the previous generation, obtain the speed and torque information of each sound source based on the prototype real vehicle data. If the vehicle is still in the digital prototype stage, the operating condition spectrum or speed formula constructed by the Internet of Vehicles for multiple similar models can be used to infer the speed and torque information of each sound source at each point from C1 to C13.

[0059] Take a certain engineering vehicle as an example. Its rated engine speed is 1900rpm. When the front end of the engine passes the BB' line, the engine speed control range is 1615-1691rpm. Through vehicle transmission system speed ratio calculation and actual vehicle test, when the gearbox is in 5th gear, the engine 1615rpm corresponds to a vehicle speed of 30.1km / h, and the engine 1691rpm corresponds to a vehicle speed of 31.5km / h, which meets the target conditions specified in the standard, and the 5th gear is determined as the target gear. At the same time, through actual vehicle test or formula calculation, the vehicle enters the AA' line at 1530rpm in 5th gear and starts full throttle acceleration. When the front end of the engine passes the BB' line, the engine speed is about 1630rpm and the vehicle speed is about 30.4km / h, which meets the standard requirements. According to the actual test data of the prototype vehicle or the formula calculation, when the prototype starts to enter the line at about 1530rpm in 5th gear, the engine torque percentage is about 15%. After pressing the pedal to start accelerating, the torque increases to the range of 50%-70%. The corresponding sound source speeds of each operating point during the acceleration process are shown in Table 1 (corresponding table of sound source speeds corresponding to operating points).

[0060] Table 1

[0061]

[0062] S4. Based on the speed data and torque data and the basic data of the engineering vehicle, characteristic data is collected through acoustic tests to obtain the acoustic characteristics of the sound source.

[0063] Optionally, based on the speed data and torque data, according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle, characteristic data collection is performed through acoustic testing to obtain acoustic characteristics of the sound source, including:

[0064] According to the speed data and the torque data, the engine speed data and the engine torque data are obtained; according to the engine speed data and the engine torque data, a sound power level test is performed through an engine bench test to obtain the engine sound load at the current moment;

[0065] According to the speed data and the torque data, the speed data and the torque data of the cooling system are obtained; according to the speed data and the torque data of the cooling system, a sound power level test is performed through a cooling system bench test to obtain the sound load of the cooling system at the current moment;

[0066] According to the speed data and torque data, the exhaust speed data and exhaust torque data are obtained; the engine is wrapped with a sound insulation pad, and the sound pressure level test is performed through an exhaust bench test at 0.5 meters in the 45° direction of the exhaust airflow axis, according to the exhaust speed data and exhaust torque data, to obtain the exhaust sound load at the current moment;

[0067] According to the speed data and torque data, the intake speed data and intake torque data are obtained; the engine is wrapped with a sound insulation pad, and the sound pressure level test is performed through an intake bench test at 0.5 meters in the 45° direction of the exhaust airflow axis, according to the intake speed data and intake torque data, to obtain the intake sound load at the current moment;

[0068] According to the speed data and the torque data, the speed data and the torque data of the hydraulic component are obtained; according to the speed data and the torque data of the hydraulic component, the sound power level test is performed through the hydraulic component bench test to obtain the sound load of the hydraulic component at the current moment;

[0069] According to the rotational speed data and the torque data, the transmission component rotational speed data and the transmission component torque data are obtained; according to the transmission component rotational speed data and the transmission component torque data, a sound power level test is performed through a transmission component bench test to obtain the transmission component sound load at the current moment.

[0070] In a feasible implementation, the main noise source acoustic load is obtained based on bench tests and other methods, and the engine acoustic load is Figure 3 The device shown, the engine noise test device is composed of a driving device, a speed torque sensor, an engine module, etc. The engine module is connected to the driving device, the driving device makes the engine module reach a certain speed torque, the speed torque sensor monitors the speed torque, collects the average sound pressure level of the engine module measurement surface, and converts it into a sound power level.

[0071] The acoustic load of the cooling system can be Figure 4 The device shown, the cooling system noise test device consists of a driving device, a speed torque sensor, a cooling module, etc. The cooling module is connected to the driving device, the driving device makes the cooling module reach a certain speed torque, the speed torque sensor monitors the speed torque, collects the average sound pressure level of the cooling module surface, and converts it into a sound power level.

[0072] The cooling module includes fans, radiators, air guides, etc., and the cooling system needs to be tested for radiated sound power level. If the radiator, etc. cannot be provided, the correction amount needs to be increased under the noise data of the cooling fan alone. For curved fans, it is recommended to increase the noise level by 6dB after matching the radiator. For linear fans, it is recommended to increase the noise level by 3dB after matching the radiator.

[0073] The intake and exhaust noise load can be Figure 5 The device shown in the figure is located at 0.5m in the direction of 45° from the airflow axis of the inlet and exhaust ports to test the inlet and exhaust sound pressure level; the exhaust is installed on the whole machine, and other sound sources or openings of the whole machine are wrapped or shielded with lead or other sound-absorbing and insulating materials. The sound pressure value of the measuring point is measured using a microphone and a data acquisition system.

[0074] The acoustic load of the transmission components can be Figure 6 The device shown tests the sound power level according to the rotational speed and torque of the transmission component at each point in time; the transmission component noise test device includes a driving end, a transmission component to be tested, a loading end, a sound insulation cover and other supporting structural parts. The transmission component to be tested is connected to the driving end and the loading end respectively. The driving end and the loading end make the transmission component to be tested reach a certain rotational speed and torque, collect the average sound pressure level of the measurement surface of the transmission component to be tested, and convert it into a sound power level.

[0075] The acoustic load of hydraulic components can be Figure 7 The device shown in the figure tests the sound power level according to the speed and torque of the transmission components at each point in time. The hydraulic component noise test device includes a drive device, a hydraulic component to be tested, a loading device, an oil tank, a sound insulation cover and other supporting structural parts. The hydraulic component to be tested is connected to the drive device and the loading device respectively. The drive device and the loading device make the hydraulic component to be tested reach a certain speed and torque, collect the average sound pressure level of the measured surface of the hydraulic component to be tested, and convert it into a sound power level.

[0076] S5. Based on the vehicle noise source and the basic data of the engineering vehicle, noise transfer calculation is performed to obtain a noise transfer function.

[0077] Optionally, the basic data of the engineering vehicle is physical prototype data, and based on the vehicle noise source, noise transfer calculation is performed according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain a noise transfer function, including:

[0078] The vehicle noise sources are the engine, cooling system, hydraulic components and transmission components. Based on the basic data of the engineering vehicle, the noise transfer calculation is performed at the working point to obtain the noise transfer function, including:

[0079] Place the volume sound source 100 mm away from the center of each surface of the vehicle noise source, use a volume acceleration sensor to collect the noise value of the measuring point, and obtain the left and right noise values ​​of the first measuring point;

[0080] Constructing a first noise transfer function according to the left and right noise values ​​of the first measuring point;

[0081] The first noise transfer function is the sound insulation of the vehicle noise source, and the calculation formula is as follows (3):

[0082] (3);

[0083] Where, f is the center frequency of the engineering vehicle; The sound insulation of the engine, cooling system, hydraulic components and transmission components within the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the air density; It is the volume acceleration of the volume sound source in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the radiation radius of the measuring point; The sound pressure level on the left or right side of the measuring point; is the basic sound pressure value, ;

[0084] The vehicle noise sources are the intake noise source and the exhaust noise source. According to the basic data of the engineering vehicle, the noise transfer calculation is performed at the working point to obtain the noise transfer function, including:

[0085] The volume sound source is placed at the center of the air outlet of the vehicle noise source, and the volume acceleration sensor is used to collect the noise value of the measuring point to obtain the left and right noise values ​​of the second measuring point and the left and right noise values ​​of the third measuring point;

[0086] Constructing a second noise transfer function according to the left and right noise values ​​of the second measuring point and the left and right noise values ​​of the third measuring point;

[0087] The second noise transfer function is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the vehicle noise, and the calculation formula is as follows (4):

[0088] (4);

[0089] in, It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the intake and exhaust in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; The sound pressure level at 0.5 meters at an angle of 45 degrees to the inlet and outlet; is the average sound pressure level near the measuring point.

[0090] In a feasible implementation mode, based on the prototype vehicle data, volume sound sources are arranged at the main sound source positions such as the engine, cooling system, exhaust, intake, hydraulic components, and transmission components, and a total of 11 calculation point positions from C1 to C11 are tested. The noise transfer function from the main sound source to the left and right noise measurement points is tested. For large volume sound sources, it is necessary to test the transfer function from the center position of each surface to the left and right noise measurement points, and the average transfer function from the sound source to the left and right noise measurement points is obtained after averaging.

[0091] Taking the engine as an example, the volume sound source is placed at the center of the six faces of the engine, 100 mm away from the surface, and the volume acceleration sensor is used to measure , the noise values ​​of the left and right noise measuring points are measured by microphone, and the arithmetic average of three tests is obtained. , engine transfer function As above formula (3).

[0092] The transfer function acquisition method of the main sound sources such as the cooling system, hydraulic components, and transmission components can refer to the engine, and the intake and exhaust are different. If the vehicle already has a physical prototype, place the volume sound source at the center of the intake and exhaust ports, arrange the measurement points at a distance of 45 degrees and 0.5 meters from the intake and exhaust ports, and use a microphone to test the noise pressure level at 0.5 meters. The sound pressure levels of the left and right noise measurement points are calculated by taking the arithmetic average of the three tests. , the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the intake and exhaust As the transfer function, it is as shown in the above formula (4).

[0093] Optionally, the basic data of the engineering vehicle is digital prototype data, and based on the vehicle noise source, noise transfer calculation is performed according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain a noise transfer function, including:

[0094] Constructing a first simulation model based on basic data of engineering vehicles;

[0095] According to the vehicle noise source, the unit volume acceleration at the sound source is added to the first simulation model to obtain a second simulation model;

[0096] According to the second simulation model, an acoustic solver is used to perform calculations to obtain the noise transfer functions of the various noise sources at the current moment.

[0097] In a feasible implementation, the engineering vehicle is in the digital prototype stage, a three-dimensional simulation model of the whole vehicle is built, unit volume acceleration is applied at the main sound source, an acoustic solver is selected, and the transfer function from the main sound source to the left and right noise measurement points is simulated.

[0098] The initial geometric model was imported into the Hyper Mesh software, and the features that had a greater impact on the model quality and calculation time were simplified. According to the actual hood structure layout, detailed boundary features such as ventilation grilles and sound-absorbing and insulating materials were retained.

[0099] Determine the highest frequency of calculation according to the purpose of simulation analysis. The number of grids will affect the calculation accuracy and speed of the computer. The maximum length of the unit should satisfy formula (5):

[0100] (5);

[0101] Where L is the maximum length of the unit, in meters (m); c is the speed of sound in air, in meters per second (m / s); To calculate the maximum frequency, the unit is Hertz (Hz).

[0102] Calculate the coordinates of the measuring points according to the standards and establish a field point grid for the measuring point locations.

[0103] Mesh quality inspection and repair. The surface mesh quality inspection should at least meet the following requirements: aspect ratio ≤ 5; skew ≤ 75°; angle, minimum internal angle ≥ 15°, maximum internal angle ≤ 120°; there should be no mesh penetration or overlap between surfaces or within a single surface.

[0104] The quality check of volume mesh should at least meet the following requirements: volume skew≤0.96; tetra collapse≥0.1. Acoustic material properties: test the sound absorption coefficient and transmission loss of sound-absorbing and insulation materials.

[0105] The mesh model was imported into Simcenter 3D software. Adaptive mesh modeling combined with automatic matching layer boundary conditions was used to build an engine-hood hybrid model. Unit volume acceleration was applied at a distance of 100 mm from the center of the six engine surfaces. The acoustic solver was selected to simulate the transfer function from the sound source to the pass-by noise measurement point.

[0106] The vehicle is still in the digital prototype stage. Unit volume acceleration is applied at the center of the intake and exhaust ports. The sound pressure level at the measuring point 0.5 meters away from the intake and exhaust ports at an angle of 45 degrees and the sound pressure level at the left and right noise measuring points are calculated. The difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the intake and exhaust is calculated according to the above formula (4).

[0107] S6. Perform transient noise correlation prediction based on the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain a prediction result of the passing noise of the engineering vehicle.

[0108] Optionally, transient noise correlation prediction is performed according to the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain a prediction result of the passing noise of the engineering vehicle, including:

[0109] Construct a transient noise mathematical model based on the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function;

[0110] Calculate according to the transient noise mathematical model to obtain the pass-by noise prediction result;

[0111] The mathematical model of transient noise is as follows (6):

[0112] (6);

[0113] Where, f is the center frequency of the engineering vehicle; It is the noise value of the passing noise of the engineering vehicle in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the engine in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the engine transfer function within the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the cooling system in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; The transfer function of the cooling system in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the transmission component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the transfer function of the transmission component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of hydraulic components in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the transfer function of the hydraulic component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound pressure level of exhaust in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the exhaust gas in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound pressure level of the intake air in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the intake air in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency.

[0114] In a feasible implementation, the traditional calculation method between the target point noise and each sound source load is as follows (7):

[0115] (7);

[0116] in, is the sound pressure level of the target point, i is the main noise source, Q is the acoustic load of each noise source, and F is the transfer function from each noise source to the target point.

[0117] The improved calculation method proposed in the present invention uses the noise value in each 1 / 3 octave band as the calculation formula as shown in the above formula (6):

[0118] The energy contribution of each noise source to the pass-through noise in each 1 / 3 octave band is k i , calculated as follows (8):

[0119] (8);

[0120] in, is the contribution energy ratio, unit is %; It is the noise value of the whole machine pass-through noise in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency f, in decibels (dB); It is the sound power level of a sound source in a 1 / 3 octave band with a center frequency of f, in decibels (dB); It is the transfer function of a sound source in a 1 / 3 octave band with a center frequency of f, expressed in decibels (dB).

[0121] According to the above formula, the conversion pass-through noise calculation formula is as follows (9):

[0122] (9);

[0123] in, It is the noise value of the whole machine passing noise in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency i, in decibels (dB).

[0124] In a feasible implementation, the passing noise data at the operating point is calculated according to formula (9), such as Figure 8As shown in Table 2, when comparing the predicted and measured pass-by noise data, the noise change trend during the acceleration process is basically consistent, and the maximum error is within 2dB, which meets the needs of engineering calculations, as shown in Table 2 (Pass-by noise calculation and test results table).

[0125] Table 2

[0126]

[0127] If the predicted pass-by noise meets the noise target, there is no need to further decompose the following sound sources and transfer function indicators. If not, the sound sources and transfer function indicators should be reset, the excitation of each sound source should be reduced, the transfer functions should be optimized, and the balance between performance and cost should be sought in each sound source and transfer function. The pass-by noise is optimized with the pass-by noise as the optimization target, the sound sources and transfer functions that cannot be changed as constraints, and the changeable sound sources and transfer functions as variables.

[0128] The contribution of each sound source can be obtained through calculation, as shown in Table 3 (Analysis of the contribution of each sound source). The optimization principle is to first optimize the sound source and transfer function with the largest contribution, and so on. Or the index can be decomposed by constraining the contribution ratio, as shown in formula (10):

[0129] Table 3

[0130]

[0131] (10);

[0132] in, It is the sound power or sound pressure level of a sound source, in decibels (dB); It is the sound insulation of a sound source or the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels, in decibels (dB); is the contribution ratio, in percentage (%); is the pass-by noise target value in decibels (dB).

[0133] In a feasible implementation, based on user needs, an objective statement should be made based on the user's subjective requirements and evaluations. Based on the level of similar competitor products on the market, it should be better than or reach the level of benchmark products. According to domestic and foreign regulations, engineering vehicles sold domestically should meet national standards, industry standards, etc., and engineering vehicles sold abroad should meet the standards, instructions, etc. of the country to which they are sold.

[0134] When the passing noise prediction result meets the noise target of the engineering vehicle design task, the current noise prediction result is output; if the predicted result does not meet the noise target of the engineering vehicle design task, the sound sources and transfer functions are reset to re-predict the passing noise.

[0135] The present invention aims at the problem that the passing noise is high and the non-stationary noise is difficult to quantitatively predict under the rapid acceleration condition. The present invention proposes a passing noise prediction method of the sound source-path-contribution dynamic discrete calculation. The passing noise acceleration area is divided into several operating points, and the speed, torque, position and other information of each sound source are obtained. The load of each sound source is reproduced by bench test and other methods. The transfer path data obtained by simulation or real vehicle test is used as the transfer function from each sound source to the passing noise response point. The passing noise and the load of each sound source and the correlation calculation model between each path are established, and the passing noise transient prediction under the rapid acceleration condition is realized. The contribution of the sound source-path of each operating point can be quantitatively obtained, and improvement measures are proposed in a targeted manner. In the process of product development, the present invention does not completely rely on the test test of the physical prototype, avoids the test rectification and retest work after the prototype is offline, and saves product development costs. The present invention does not completely rely on simulation, and based on the data calculation method, the passing noise result is obtained more quickly and accurately. The present invention is an efficient and accurate noise prediction method for engineering vehicles.

[0136] Fig. 9 1 is a block diagram of a passing noise prediction device for an engineering vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment, wherein the device is used in a passing noise prediction method for an engineering vehicle. Fig. 9 The device includes a sound source division module 910, a working condition point division module 920, a speed and torque calculation module 930, an acoustic characteristic test module 940, a noise transfer function construction module 950 and a pass-by noise prediction module 960. Among them:

[0137] The sound source division module is used to obtain the physical model of the engineering vehicle and the basic data of the engineering vehicle at the current moment; the physical model of the engineering vehicle is divided into sound sources to obtain the vehicle noise source;

[0138] The working condition point division module is used to divide the rapid acceleration area of ​​the passing noise of the engineering vehicle into discrete points according to the preset number of working condition points to obtain the working condition points;

[0139] The speed and torque calculation module is used to calculate vehicle parameters based on the vehicle noise source and working condition points and the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain the speed data and torque data;

[0140] The acoustic characteristic test module is used to collect characteristic data through acoustic tests based on speed data and torque data and basic data of engineering vehicles to obtain the acoustic characteristics of the sound source;

[0141] A noise transfer function building module is used to calculate the noise transfer based on the vehicle noise source and the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain the noise transfer function;

[0142] The passing noise prediction module is used to perform transient noise correlation prediction based on the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain the passing noise prediction result of the engineering vehicle.

[0143] Among them, the point interval of the working condition point is as follows (1):

[0144] (1);

[0145] Wherein, H is the point interval; N is the number of preset working condition points, and N is greater than or equal to 10.

[0146] Optionally, the speed and torque calculation module 930 is further used to:

[0147] Construct the operating condition spectrum based on the basic data of engineering vehicles;

[0148] Based on the working condition point, the sound source speed is calculated according to the working condition spectrum to obtain the speed data of each noise source at the current moment;

[0149] Based on the working condition point, the sound source torque is calculated according to the working condition spectrum to obtain the torque data of each noise source at the current moment.

[0150] Optionally, the acoustic characteristic testing module 940 is further configured to:

[0151] According to the speed data and the torque data, the engine speed data and the engine torque data are obtained; according to the engine speed data and the engine torque data, a sound power level test is performed through an engine bench test to obtain the engine sound load at the current moment;

[0152] According to the speed data and the torque data, the speed data and the torque data of the cooling system are obtained; according to the speed data and the torque data of the cooling system, a sound power level test is performed through a cooling system bench test to obtain the sound load of the cooling system at the current moment;

[0153] According to the speed data and torque data, the exhaust speed data and exhaust torque data are obtained; the engine is wrapped with a sound insulation pad, and the sound pressure level test is performed through an exhaust bench test at 0.5 meters in the 45° direction of the exhaust airflow axis, according to the exhaust speed data and exhaust torque data, to obtain the exhaust sound load at the current moment;

[0154] According to the speed data and torque data, the intake speed data and intake torque data are obtained; the engine is wrapped with a sound insulation pad, and the sound pressure level test is performed through an intake bench test at 0.5 meters in the 45° direction of the exhaust airflow axis, according to the intake speed data and intake torque data, to obtain the intake sound load at the current moment;

[0155] According to the speed data and the torque data, the speed data and the torque data of the hydraulic component are obtained; according to the speed data and the torque data of the hydraulic component, the sound power level test is performed through the hydraulic component bench test to obtain the sound load of the hydraulic component at the current moment;

[0156] According to the rotational speed data and the torque data, the transmission component rotational speed data and the transmission component torque data are obtained; according to the transmission component rotational speed data and the transmission component torque data, a sound power level test is performed through a transmission component bench test to obtain the transmission component sound load at the current moment.

[0157] Optionally, the noise transfer function building module 950 is further configured to:

[0158] The vehicle noise sources are the engine, cooling system, hydraulic components and transmission components. Based on the basic data of the engineering vehicle, the noise transfer calculation is performed at the working point to obtain the noise transfer function, including:

[0159] Place the volume sound source 100 mm away from the center of each surface of the vehicle noise source, use a volume acceleration sensor to collect the noise value of the measuring point, and obtain the left and right noise values ​​of the first measuring point;

[0160] Constructing a first noise transfer function according to the left and right noise values ​​of the first measuring point;

[0161] The first noise transfer function is the sound insulation of the vehicle noise source, and the calculation formula is as follows (2):

[0162] (2);

[0163] Where, f is the center frequency of the engineering vehicle; The sound insulation of the engine, cooling system, hydraulic components and transmission components within the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the air density; It is the volume acceleration of the volume sound source in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the radiation radius of the measuring point; The sound pressure level on the left or right side of the measuring point; is the basic sound pressure value, ;

[0164] The vehicle noise sources are the intake noise source and the exhaust noise source. According to the basic data of the engineering vehicle, the noise transfer calculation is performed at the working point to obtain the noise transfer function, including:

[0165] The volume sound source is placed at the center of the air outlet of the vehicle noise source, and the volume acceleration sensor is used to collect the noise value of the measuring point to obtain the left and right noise values ​​of the second measuring point and the left and right noise values ​​of the third measuring point;

[0166] Constructing a second noise transfer function according to the left and right noise values ​​of the second measuring point and the left and right noise values ​​of the third measuring point;

[0167] The second noise transfer function is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the vehicle noise, and the calculation formula is as follows (3):

[0168] (3);

[0169] in, It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the intake and exhaust in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; The sound pressure level at 0.5 meters at an angle of 45 degrees to the inlet and outlet; is the average sound pressure level near the measuring point.

[0170] Optionally, the noise transfer function building module 950 is further configured to:

[0171] Constructing a first simulation model based on basic data of engineering vehicles;

[0172] According to the vehicle noise source, the unit volume acceleration at the sound source is added to the first simulation model to obtain a second simulation model;

[0173] According to the second simulation model, an acoustic solver is used to perform calculations to obtain the noise transfer functions of the various noise sources at the current moment.

[0174] Optionally, the noise prediction module 960 is further used to:

[0175] Construct a transient noise mathematical model based on the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function;

[0176] Calculate according to the transient noise mathematical model to obtain the pass-by noise prediction result;

[0177] The mathematical model of transient noise is as follows (4):

[0178] (4);

[0179] Where, f is the center frequency of the engineering vehicle; It is the noise value of the passing noise of the engineering vehicle in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the engine in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the engine transfer function within the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the cooling system in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; The transfer function of the cooling system in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the transmission component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the transfer function of the transmission component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of hydraulic components in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the transfer function of the hydraulic component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound pressure level of exhaust in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the exhaust gas in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound pressure level of the intake air in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the intake air in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency.

[0180] The present invention aims at the problem that the passing noise is high and the non-stationary noise is difficult to quantitatively predict under the rapid acceleration condition. The present invention proposes a passing noise prediction method of the sound source-path-contribution dynamic discrete calculation. The passing noise acceleration area is divided into several operating points, and the speed, torque, position and other information of each sound source are obtained. The load of each sound source is reproduced by bench test and other methods. The transfer path data obtained by simulation or real vehicle test is used as the transfer function from each sound source to the passing noise response point. The passing noise and the load of each sound source and the correlation calculation model between each path are established, and the passing noise transient prediction under the rapid acceleration condition is realized. The contribution of the sound source-path of each operating point can be quantitatively obtained, and improvement measures are proposed in a targeted manner. In the process of product development, the present invention does not completely rely on the test test of the physical prototype, avoids the test rectification and retest work after the prototype is offline, and saves product development costs. The present invention does not completely rely on simulation, and based on the data calculation method, the passing noise result is obtained more quickly and accurately. The present invention is an efficient and accurate noise prediction method for engineering vehicles.

[0181] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a passing noise prediction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.10 As shown, the pass-by noise prediction device may include the above Fig. 9 Optionally, the pass-by noise prediction device 1010 may include a first processor 2001 .

[0182] Optionally, the passing noise prediction device 1010 may further include a memory 2002 and a transceiver 2003 .

[0183] The first processor 2001, the memory 2002 and the transceiver 2003 may be connected via a communication bus.

[0184] Combine the following Fig.10 The components of the passing noise prediction device 1010 are specifically introduced as follows:

[0185] The first processor 2001 is a control center of the noise prediction device 1010, and may be a processor or a general term for multiple processing elements. For example, the first processor 2001 is one or more central processing units (CPUs), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention, such as one or more microprocessors (digital signal processors, DSPs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate arrays, FPGAs).

[0186] Optionally, the first processor 2001 may execute various functions of the pass-through noise prediction device 1010 by running or executing a software program stored in the memory 2002 and calling data stored in the memory 2002 .

[0187] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the first processor 2001 may include one or more CPUs, such as Fig.10 CPU0 and CPU1 are shown in FIG.

[0188] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the noise prediction device 1010 may also include multiple processors, such as Fig.10 The first processor 2001 and the second processor 2004 are shown in FIG. Each of these processors may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0189] The memory 2002 is used to store the software program for executing the solution of the present invention, and is controlled to be executed by the first processor 2001. The specific implementation method can refer to the above method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0190] Optionally, the memory 2002 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 2002 may be integrated with the first processor 2001, or may exist independently, and may be accessed through the interface circuit ( Fig.10 (not shown) is coupled to the first processor 2001, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0191] The transceiver 2003 is used to communicate with a network device or a terminal device.

[0192] Optionally, the transceiver 2003 may include a receiver and a transmitter ( Fig.10 The receiver is used to implement a receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement a sending function.

[0193] Optionally, the transceiver 2003 may be integrated with the first processor 2001, or may exist independently, and may be connected to the first processor 2001 through the interface circuit ( Fig.10 (not shown) is coupled to the first processor 2001, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0194] It should be noted that Fig.10 The structure of the passing noise prediction device 1010 shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the router, and the actual knowledge structure recognition device may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0195] In addition, the technical effects of the pass-by noise prediction device 1010 can refer to the technical effects of the pass-by noise prediction method for engineering vehicles described in the above method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0196] It should be understood that the first processor 2001 in the embodiment of the present invention may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0197] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0198] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present invention is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center by wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0199] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific understanding.

[0200] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0201] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0202] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0203] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described equipment, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0204] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0205] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0206] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0207] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0208] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for predicting passing noise of an engineering vehicle, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire a physical model of an engineering vehicle and basic data of the engineering vehicle at the current moment; divide the physical model of the engineering vehicle into sound sources to obtain the vehicle noise source; According to the preset number of working condition points, the rapid acceleration area of ​​the passing noise of the engineering vehicle is discretely divided to obtain the working condition points; Based on the vehicle noise source and the working condition point, vehicle parameters are calculated according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain speed data and torque data; Based on the speed data and torque data, and according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle, characteristic data is collected through an acoustic test to obtain acoustic characteristics of a sound source; Based on the vehicle noise source, noise transfer calculation is performed according to the engineering vehicle basic data to obtain a noise transfer function; A transient noise correlation prediction is performed according to the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain a pass-by noise prediction result of the engineering vehicle.

2. The method for predicting the passing noise of an engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The point interval of the working condition point is as follows (1): （1）； Wherein, H is the point interval; N is the number of preset working condition points, and N is greater than or equal to 10.

3. The method for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle parameters are calculated based on the vehicle noise source and the working condition point according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain the speed data and the torque data, including: Constructing a working condition spectrum according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle; Based on the working condition point, the sound source speed is calculated according to the working condition spectrum to obtain the speed data of each noise source at the current moment; Based on the working condition point, the sound source torque is calculated according to the working condition spectrum to obtain the torque data of each noise source at the current moment.

4. The method for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the rotation speed data and torque data, according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle, characteristic data collection is performed through an acoustic test to obtain acoustic characteristics of the sound source, including: According to the speed data and the torque data, the engine speed data and the engine torque data are obtained; according to the engine speed data and the engine torque data, a sound power level test is performed through an engine bench test to obtain the engine sound load at the current moment; According to the rotation speed data and the torque data, the rotation speed data and the torque data of the cooling system are obtained; according to the rotation speed data and the torque data of the cooling system, a sound power level test is performed through a cooling system bench test to obtain the sound load of the cooling system at the current moment; According to the speed data and the torque data, the exhaust speed data and the exhaust torque data are obtained; the engine is wrapped with a sound insulation pad, and a sound pressure level test is performed through an exhaust bench test at 0.5 meters in the 45° direction of the air flow axis of the exhaust port according to the exhaust speed data and the exhaust torque data to obtain the exhaust sound load at the current moment; According to the speed data and the torque data, the intake speed data and the intake torque data are obtained; the engine is wrapped with a sound insulation pad, and a sound pressure level test is performed through an intake bench test at 0.5 meters in the 45° direction of the exhaust air flow axis according to the intake speed data and the intake torque data to obtain the intake sound load at the current moment; According to the rotation speed data and the torque data, the rotation speed data and the torque data of the hydraulic component are obtained; according to the rotation speed data and the torque data of the hydraulic component, a sound power level test is performed through a bench test of the hydraulic component to obtain the sound load of the hydraulic component at the current moment; According to the rotational speed data and the torque data, the transmission component rotational speed data and the transmission component torque data are obtained; according to the transmission component rotational speed data and the transmission component torque data, a sound power level test is performed through a transmission component bench test to obtain the transmission component sound load at the current moment.

5. The method for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engineering vehicle basic data is physical prototype data. The noise transfer calculation is performed based on the vehicle noise source and the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain the noise transfer function, including: The vehicle noise sources are the engine, cooling system, hydraulic components and transmission components. According to the basic data of the engineering vehicle, the noise transfer calculation is performed at the working point to obtain the noise transfer function, including: The volume sound source is placed 100 mm away from the center area of ​​each surface of the vehicle noise source, and the noise value of the measuring point is collected using a volume acceleration sensor to obtain the left and right noise values ​​of the first measuring point; Constructing a first noise transfer function according to the left and right noise values ​​of the first measuring point; The first noise transfer function is the sound insulation of the vehicle noise source, and the calculation formula is as follows (2): (2)； Where, f is the center frequency of the engineering vehicle; The sound insulation of the engine, cooling system, hydraulic components and transmission components within the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the air density; It is the volume acceleration of the volume sound source in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the radiation radius of the measuring point; The sound pressure level on the left or right side of the measuring point; is the basic sound pressure value, ; The vehicle noise source is an intake noise source and an exhaust noise source. According to the basic data of the engineering vehicle, the noise transfer calculation is performed at the working point to obtain the noise transfer function, including: The volume sound source is placed at the center of the air outlet of the vehicle noise source, and the volume acceleration sensor is used to collect the noise value of the measuring point to obtain the left and right noise values ​​of the second measuring point and the left and right noise values ​​of the third measuring point; Constructing a second noise transfer function according to the left and right noise values ​​of the second measuring point and the left and right noise values ​​of the third measuring point; The second noise transfer function is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the vehicle noise, and the calculation formula is as follows (3): (3)； in, It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the intake and exhaust in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; The sound pressure level at 0.5 meters at an angle of 45 degrees to the inlet and outlet; is the average sound pressure level near the measuring point.

6. The method for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engineering vehicle basic data is digital prototype data. The noise transfer calculation is performed based on the vehicle noise source and the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain the noise transfer function, including: Constructing a first simulation model according to the engineering vehicle basic data; According to the vehicle noise source, adding the unit volume acceleration at the sound source to the first simulation model to obtain a second simulation model; According to the second simulation model, an acoustic solver is used to perform a solution calculation to obtain the noise transfer function of each noise source at the current moment.

7. The method for predicting pass-by noise of an engineering vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing transient noise correlation prediction according to the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain a prediction result of the passing noise of the engineering vehicle includes: Constructing a transient noise mathematical model according to the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function; Calculate according to the transient noise mathematical model to obtain a pass-by noise prediction result; The transient noise mathematical model is as follows (4): （4）； in, It is the noise value of the passing noise of the engineering vehicle in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the engine in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; is the engine transfer function within the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the cooling system in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; The transfer function of the cooling system in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of the transmission component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the transfer function of the transmission component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound power level of hydraulic components in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the transfer function of the hydraulic component in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound pressure level of exhaust in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the exhaust gas in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the sound pressure level of the intake air in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency; It is the difference between the near-field and far-field sound pressure levels of the intake air in the 1 / 3 octave band of the center frequency.

8. A passing noise prediction device for an engineering vehicle, the passing noise prediction device for an engineering vehicle is used to implement the passing noise prediction method for an engineering vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The device comprises: A sound source division module is used to obtain a physical model of an engineering vehicle and basic data of the engineering vehicle at the current moment; perform sound source division on the physical model of the engineering vehicle to obtain a vehicle noise source; The working condition point division module is used to divide the rapid acceleration area of ​​the passing noise of the engineering vehicle into discrete points according to the preset number of working condition points to obtain the working condition points; A speed and torque calculation module, used to calculate vehicle parameters based on the vehicle noise source and the working condition point and according to the basic data of the engineering vehicle to obtain speed data and torque data; An acoustic characteristic test module, used to collect characteristic data through acoustic tests based on the rotation speed data and torque data and the basic data of the engineering vehicle, so as to obtain the acoustic characteristics of the sound source; A noise transfer function building module, used to perform noise transfer calculation based on the vehicle noise source and the engineering vehicle basic data to obtain a noise transfer function; The passing noise prediction module is used to perform transient noise correlation prediction according to the acoustic characteristics of the sound source and the noise transfer function to obtain a passing noise prediction result of the engineering vehicle.

9. A passing noise prediction device, characterized in that The pass-by noise prediction device comprises: processor; A memory having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, which can be called by a processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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