Battery protection system and battery protection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and provides a battery protection system and method, and the method comprises the steps: generating a first protection instruction according to battery cell data under the condition that the battery cell data meets a first condition; responding to the first protection instruction, and controlling a protection switch in the battery protection system to be switched off; acquiring a first hardware protection signal under the condition that the battery cell data meets a second condition; and controlling the protection switch to be switched off according to the first hardware protection signal. Through hardware protection and software protection, dual protection of the battery pack is realized, and the safety and reliability of the battery pack are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery protection system and a battery protection method. Background Art

[0002] As a device for storing electrical energy, a battery pack consists of multiple battery cells (such as lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc.) connected in a specific way and structure, and has the ability to store and release electrical energy. This ability to store and release electrical energy allows battery packs to be used in power systems, portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and renewable energy generation.

[0003] However, if the battery pack is overcharged (referred to as overcharge), over-discharged (referred to as over-discharge), or the battery cell temperature is too high or too low (referred to as overtemperature), high-temperature charging and discharging, or low-temperature charging and discharging, the battery life and safety will be seriously affected, and it may even easily cause safety problems such as fire or explosion. Therefore, battery protection is crucial to ensure the normal, safe and stable operation of the entire battery pack. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a battery protection system and a battery protection method to solve the problem that the battery life and safety will be seriously affected, and may even easily cause fire or explosion when the battery pack is overcharged, over-discharged, overheated, charged and discharged at high temperature, or charged and discharged at low temperature.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a battery protection system, the battery protection system comprising a control device and a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a cell sampling chip, a first software protection module and a first hardware protection module, the first software protection module and the first hardware protection module are both electrically connected to the cell sampling chip, the control device comprises a protection switch, a second software protection module and a second hardware protection module, the second software protection module and the second hardware protection module are both electrically connected to the protection switch, the first software protection module is in communication connection with the second software protection module, the first hardware protection module is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module, wherein: the cell sampling chip obtains Obtain cell data, and send the cell data to the first software protection module and the first hardware protection module; when the cell data meets a first condition, the first software protection module generates a first protection instruction according to the cell data and sends the first protection instruction to the second software protection module; the second software protection module responds to the first protection instruction and controls the protection switch to be disconnected; when the cell data meets a second condition, the first hardware protection module obtains a first hardware protection signal, and sends the first hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module; the second hardware protection module controls the protection switch to be disconnected according to the first hardware protection signal.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first software protection module is electrically connected to the first hardware protection module; the first hardware protection module transmits the first hardware protection signal to the first software protection module; and the first software protection module generates the first protection instruction according to the first hardware protection signal.

[0007] In some embodiments, when it is determined that the battery cell data satisfies the second condition, the first software protection module generates a second hardware protection signal according to the battery cell data, and sends the second hardware protection signal to the first hardware protection module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first hardware protection module includes a first driving module, and the first software protection module is electrically connected to the first driving module; the first driving module determines the target hardware protection signal according to the first hardware protection signal and the second hardware protection signal, and sends the target hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module; the second hardware protection module controls the protection switch to disconnect according to the target hardware protection signal.

[0009] In some embodiments, the second software protection module is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module; the second hardware protection module sends the first hardware protection signal to the second software protection module; the second software protection module receives the first hardware protection signal, and controls the protection switch to disconnect according to the first hardware protection signal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the control device also includes a second driving module, the output end of the second software protection module and the output end of the second hardware protection module are electrically connected to the input end of the second driving module, and the output end of the second driving module is electrically connected to the protection switch to control the protection switch to disconnect.

[0011] In some embodiments, if it is determined that the battery cell data is within a first threshold range, the first software protection module determines that the battery cell data satisfies the first condition.

[0012] In some embodiments, if it is determined that the battery cell data is within a second threshold range, the first software protection module determines that the battery cell data satisfies the second condition.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first software protection module sends the battery cell data to the second software protection module; the second software protection module receives the battery cell data, and when it is determined that the battery cell data satisfies the first condition, generates a second protection instruction and controls the protection switch to be disconnected according to the second protection instruction.

[0014] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a battery protection method, which utilizes the battery protection system described above to protect a battery pack in the battery protection system. The battery protection method includes: obtaining battery cell data; when the battery cell data meets a first condition, generating a first protection instruction according to the battery cell data; in response to the first protection instruction, controlling a protection switch in the battery protection system to disconnect; when the battery cell data meets a second condition, obtaining a first hardware protection signal; and controlling the protection switch to disconnect according to the first hardware protection signal.

[0015] In a battery protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application, the battery protection system includes a control device and a battery pack, the battery pack includes a battery cell sampling chip, a first software protection module and a first hardware protection module, and the control device includes a protection switch, a second software protection module and a second hardware protection module. Among them, the first software protection module is connected to the second software protection module in communication, and the first hardware protection module is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module. In the process of implementing battery protection, the battery cell sampling chip obtains battery cell data and sends the battery cell data to the first software protection module and the first hardware protection module. When the battery cell data meets the first condition, the first software protection module generates a first protection instruction according to the battery cell data and sends the first protection instruction to the second software protection module. The second software protection module responds to the first protection instruction and controls the protection switch to be disconnected, thereby realizing the protection of the battery pack by software protection. Considering that the first software protection module or the second software protection module may fail to provide software protection due to a fault, affecting the safety and reliability of the battery pack. Therefore, the battery protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application adds a hardware protection method on the basis of software protection. When the battery cell data meets the second condition, the first hardware protection module obtains the first hardware protection signal and sends the first hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module. The second hardware protection module controls the protection switch to be disconnected according to the first hardware protection signal. Through hardware protection and software protection, the dual protection of the battery pack is achieved to improve the safety and reliability of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system provided in the first embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system provided in the second embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system provided in the third embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 5 This is an example diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the implementation of the battery protection method provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by technicians in the technical field in this application. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified in this application, " / " means or. For example, A / B can represent A or B. "And / or" in this application is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. "At least one" means one or more. "Multiple" means two or more than two. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, a, b and c seven situations.

[0026] Battery protection is crucial to ensure that the battery works normally, safely and stably. In related technologies, the battery management system (BMS) can monitor the voltage, charging current, discharging current, temperature and other parameters of the battery pack. When overcharging, overdischarging, overtemperature and other conditions occur, the BMS can control the charging or discharging process of the battery pack to ensure that the entire battery pack works normally and stably. However, if the BMS fails and the control fails, the protection function of the battery pack will fail.

[0027] In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a battery protection system, which realizes dual protection of the battery pack through hardware protection and software protection. The hardware protection and software protection are independent of each other and do not affect each other. When the software protection fails, the protection switch can be disconnected by controlling the hardware protection to realize the protection of the battery pack, or when the hardware protection fails, the protection switch can be disconnected by controlling the software protection to realize the protection of the battery pack, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0028] See also Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system provided by the first embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the battery protection system 1000 includes a control device 100 and a battery pack 200, and the battery pack 200 includes battery packs 1 to N, where N is an integer greater than 1. Each of the battery packs 1 to N includes a cell sampling chip 20, a first software protection module 21, and a first hardware protection module 22, and the first software protection module 21 and the first hardware protection module 22 are both electrically connected to the cell sampling chip 20. The control device includes a protection switch 10, a second software protection module 11, and a second hardware protection module 12, and the second software protection module 11 and the second hardware protection module 12 are both electrically connected to the protection switch 10. Among them, the first software protection module 21 is communicatively connected to the second software protection module 11, and the first hardware protection module 22 is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module 12.

[0029] In some embodiments, the electrical connection may include a connection based on a serial peripheral interface (SPI), a connection based on an inter-integrated circuit (I2C), etc. The communication connection may include a wired communication connection and a wireless communication connection.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first software protection module 21 of each battery pack 1 to N can be connected to the communication bus, and communicate with the second software protection module 11 through the communication bus. The first hardware protection module 22 of each battery pack 1 to N can be connected to the hardware protection bus, and electrically connected with the second hardware protection module 12 through the hardware protection bus.

[0031] In some embodiments, the communication bus may be a serial communication bus, such as an SPI communication bus, an I2C communication bus, etc. The hardware protection bus may be an I2C bus, an SPI bus, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the types of the communication bus and the hardware protection bus.

[0032] In some embodiments, the battery cell sampling chip 20 may refer to an independent battery cell sampling chip 20 or a collection of multiple battery cell sampling chips.

[0033] In some embodiments, the composition and configuration of the cell sampling chips 20, the first software protection module 21, and the first hardware protection module 22 in different battery packs may be the same or different. For example, battery pack 1 may include 5 cell sampling chips, and battery pack 2 may include 8 cell sampling chips.

[0034] In some embodiments, the protection switch 10 may be an external switch for controlling the on / off of the battery pack and the power load (e.g., power-consuming equipment). When abnormal cell data of the battery pack is detected, the protection switch 10 may be disconnected to reduce the probability of damage to the battery pack and safety issues.

[0035] In some embodiments, the control device 100 may be a computer or other device. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific device type of the control device 100.

[0036] In some embodiments, the communication method between the battery packs 1 to N and the control device 100 includes but is not limited to RS-485 communication method, Controller Area Network (CAN), etc.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first software protection module 21 may include a first controller, and the second software protection module 11 may include a second controller. The first controller is connected to the second controller in communication. For example, the first controller and the second controller may be microcontroller units (MCUs). The first controller is connected to the cell sampling chip 20 in communication for managing and controlling the battery pack. The second controller is electrically connected to the protection switch 10.

[0038] In some embodiments, in the process of implementing battery protection, for any battery pack 1 to N, the battery cell sampling chip 20 can obtain the battery cell data of any battery pack, and send the battery cell data to the first software protection module 21 and the first hardware protection module 22 in any battery pack. When the battery cell data meets the first condition, the software protection is triggered. Specifically, the first software protection module 21 can generate a first protection instruction according to the battery cell data, and send the first protection instruction to the second software protection module 11 in the control device. The second software protection module 11 responds to the first protection instruction and controls the protection switch 10 to be disconnected. When the battery cell data meets the second condition, the hardware protection is triggered. Specifically, the first hardware protection module 22 obtains the first hardware protection signal and sends the first hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module 12. The second hardware protection module 12 can control the protection switch 10 to be disconnected according to the first hardware protection signal. By controlling the protection switch 10 to be disconnected, the charging circuit or the discharging circuit of the battery pack 200 where the battery pack is located can be cut off, so as to reduce the probability of damage to the battery pack and causing safety problems. Through hardware protection and software protection, dual protection of the battery pack is achieved, which improves the stability and safety of the battery pack.

[0039] In some embodiments, the cell data may include data such as temperature, voltage, and current of the cells in the corresponding battery pack, and may also include signal data indicating abnormal voltage, temperature, etc. If the cell data satisfies the first condition or the cell data satisfies the second condition, it means that the cell data of the corresponding battery pack is abnormal (for example, overvoltage, overtemperature, etc.).

[0040] In some embodiments, the first protection instruction represents an instruction generated by the first software protection module 21 in the battery pack and used to execute protection measures (such as disconnecting the protection switch 10) when the battery cell data of the battery pack is abnormal (such as overtemperature, overvoltage, etc.).

[0041] In some embodiments, the first hardware protection signal indicates that when the battery cell data of the battery pack is abnormal (e.g., over-temperature, over-voltage, etc.), the first hardware protection module 22 in the battery pack obtains a signal for executing protection measures. The first hardware protection signal can be a binary signal. For example, when the battery cell data of the battery pack is abnormal, the first hardware protection signal can be a high level signal (logic 1).

[0042] In some embodiments, the cell data may also include a hardware protection signal. The cell sampling chip 20 may generate a first hardware protection signal according to the collected voltage, temperature and other data, and send the first hardware protection signal to the first hardware protection module 22 .

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, if it is determined that the battery cell data is within a first threshold range, the first software protection module 21 determines that the battery cell data satisfies a first condition.

[0044] In some embodiments, the battery cell data includes data such as the voltage and temperature of the battery cell. Accordingly, according to the type of battery cell data, the corresponding first threshold range can be set respectively. For example, the first threshold range can include one or more of the first voltage range, the first temperature range, etc. If the battery cell data is voltage, the battery cell data in the first threshold range indicates that the voltage is in the first voltage range; if the battery cell data is temperature, the battery cell data in the first threshold range indicates that the temperature is in the first temperature range; if the battery cell data includes multiple parameters, for example, voltage and temperature, the battery cell data in the first threshold range indicates that each parameter is within the corresponding first threshold range. The specific setting of the first threshold range is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The first voltage range and the first temperature range can be customized according to the performance of the corresponding battery pack.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, if it is determined that the battery cell data is within the second threshold range, the first software protection module 21 determines that the battery cell data satisfies the second condition.

[0046] In some embodiments, the second threshold range may include one or more of a second voltage range, a second temperature range, etc. The battery cell data being within the second threshold range may include one or more of a voltage being within the second voltage range, a temperature being within the second temperature range, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific setting of the second threshold range. The second voltage range and the second temperature range may be customized according to the performance of the corresponding battery pack, etc.

[0047] In some embodiments, the order of triggering software protection and triggering hardware protection can be set by setting the first condition and the second condition. For example, if you want to set the priority of software protection higher than hardware protection, and give priority to software protection, and trigger hardware protection when software protection fails or fails, then it can be configured as follows: the first condition is that the voltage is higher than the first voltage threshold, the second condition is that the voltage is higher than the second voltage threshold, and the first voltage threshold is set to be less than the second voltage threshold, and / or the first condition is designed to be that the temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, the second condition is that the temperature is higher than the second temperature threshold, and the first temperature threshold is set to be less than the second temperature threshold. Taking the first condition as the voltage higher than the first voltage threshold, the second condition as the voltage higher than the second voltage threshold, and the first voltage threshold being set to be less than the second voltage threshold as an example, when the voltage of the battery cell is higher than the first voltage threshold, the software protection is triggered. Under normal circumstances, after the software protection is triggered, the voltage of the battery cell will decrease. However, if the voltage of the battery cell continues to rise after the software protection is triggered, it indicates that the software protection may fail or fail, and the hardware protection is triggered when the voltage continues to rise to greater than the second voltage threshold. In this way, by setting the priority of software protection and hardware protection, one protection method is first used to protect the battery pack when the battery cell data is abnormal, which can avoid waste of resources and provide double protection at the same time. After one protection method fails or malfunctions, another protection method can be enabled in time to protect the battery pack, thereby improving the safety and stability of the battery pack operation.

[0048] In other embodiments, to further ensure safety, the first condition and the second condition may be set to be the same condition, so that when the battery cell data meets the first condition or the second condition, the software protection and the hardware protection are triggered simultaneously.

[0049] In some embodiments, the cell sampling chip 20 can determine whether the collected cell data meets the first condition or whether the collected cell data meets the second condition. When it is determined that the cell data meets the first condition, it is determined that the cell data is abnormal and the abnormal cell data is sent to the first software protection module 21. The first software protection module 21 generates a first protection instruction according to the abnormal cell data, and sends the first protection instruction to the second software protection module 11. The second software protection module 11 can control the protection switch 10 to disconnect according to the first protection instruction.

[0050] In other embodiments, the cell sampling chip 20 can report the collected cell data to the first software protection module 21 in real time. The first software protection module 21 obtains the cell data and determines whether the cell data meets the first condition. When it is determined that the cell data meets the first condition, the first software protection module 21 determines that the cell data is abnormal and generates a first protection instruction based on the abnormal cell data.

[0051] In other embodiments, the first software protection module 21 can obtain the battery cell data and send the battery cell data to the second software protection module 11; the second software protection module 11 receives the battery cell data and determines whether the battery cell data satisfies the first condition, and when it is determined that the battery cell data satisfies the first condition, generates a second protection instruction and controls the protection switch 10 to disconnect according to the second protection instruction.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery cell sampling chip 20 may further generate a first hardware protection signal and send the first hardware protection signal to the first hardware protection module 22 when determining that the battery cell data meets the second condition.

[0053] See also Figure 2 As shown, it is a system architecture diagram of the battery protection system 1000 provided in the second embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the first software protection module 21 is electrically connected to the first hardware protection module 22 .

[0054] In some embodiments, if the electrical connection between the first software protection module 21 and the battery cell sampling chip 20 fails, the first software protection module 21 may not be able to obtain the battery cell data, thereby failing to implement software protection, which may affect the success rate of battery pack protection and increase the probability of damaging the battery pack and causing safety issues.

[0055] In order to solve the above problem, in the embodiment of the present application, based on the electrical connection between the first software protection module 21 and the first hardware protection module 22, the first hardware protection module 22 can transmit the first hardware protection signal to the first software protection module 21; the first software protection module 21 generates a first protection instruction according to the first hardware protection signal and sends the first protection instruction to the second software protection module 11. The second software protection module 11 responds to the first protection instruction and controls the protection switch 10 to disconnect. In this embodiment, by adding a redundant circuit for software protection, the probability of battery pack damage and safety problems can be reduced, and the safety and stability of the battery pack can be improved.

[0056] In some embodiments, if the electrical connection between the first hardware protection module 22 and the battery cell sampling chip 20 fails, the first hardware protection module 22 may not obtain the first hardware protection signal, which may affect the protection success rate of the battery pack, resulting in an increased probability of damage to the battery pack and causing safety issues.

[0057] In order to solve the above problem, when it is determined that the battery cell data meets the second condition, the first software protection module 21 can generate a second hardware protection signal according to the battery cell data, and send the second hardware protection signal to the first hardware protection module 22. The first hardware protection module 22 receives the second hardware protection signal and sends the second hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module 12. The second hardware protection module 12 can control the protection switch 10 to disconnect according to the second hardware protection signal. In this embodiment, by adding a redundant circuit for obtaining a hardware protection signal, the probability of battery pack damage and safety problems can be reduced, and the safety and stability of the battery pack operation can be improved.

[0058] In other embodiments, the battery cell sampling chip 20 may also send the first hardware protection signal to the first software protection module 21. The first software protection module 21 sends the first hardware protection signal to the first hardware protection module 22, thereby avoiding the situation where the first hardware protection module 22 cannot obtain the first hardware protection signal due to a fault in the electrical connection between the first hardware protection module 22 and the battery cell sampling chip 20, thereby affecting the success rate of battery protection.

[0059] See also Figure 3 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system 1000 provided in the third embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the first hardware protection module 22 includes a first driving module, the first software protection module 21 is electrically connected to the first driving module, and the first driving module is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module 12 .

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, the first driving module determines the target hardware protection signal based on the first hardware protection signal and the second hardware protection signal, and sends the target hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module 12; the second hardware protection module 12 controls the protection switch 10 to disconnect according to the target hardware protection signal.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first driver module may include a logic OR gate, and the first hardware protection signal and the second hardware protection signal output a target hardware protection signal through the logic OR gate. For example, assuming that the battery cell data is abnormal (for example, the battery cell data meets the second condition), the first hardware protection signal and the second hardware protection signal are both set to a high level (such as set to logic 1). When any one of the first hardware signal and the second hardware signal is a high level signal, or the first hardware signal and the second hardware signal are both high level signals, the target hardware protection signal is also a high level. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the first driver module.

[0062] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the control device may further include a second driving module 13, the output end of the second software protection module 11 and the output end of the second hardware protection module 12 are electrically connected to the input end of the second driving module 13, and the output end of the second driving module 13 is electrically connected to the protection switch 10 to control the protection switch 10 to disconnect.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second driving module 13 may include a logic AND gate, and the signal output by the second software protection module 11 and the signal output by the second hardware protection module 12 may output a target control signal through the logic AND gate. For example, assuming that when the target control signal is set to a high level (such as logic 1), the protection switch 10 is controlled to be closed. When the target control signal is set to a low level (such as logic 0), the protection switch 10 is controlled to be disconnected. Then, when either the signal output by the second software protection module 11 or the signal output by the second hardware protection module 12 is a low level signal, or both are low level signals, the target control signal is a low level signal, and the protection switch 10 may be controlled to be disconnected. In this case, if the first protection instruction is received to determine that the battery cell data is abnormal, the second software protection module 11 may output a low level signal. If the battery cell data is determined to be abnormal according to the received hardware protection signal (the first hardware protection signal, the second hardware protection signal, or the target hardware protection signal), the second hardware protection module 12 may output a low level signal. The second driving module 13 is not limited in the present embodiment of the application.

[0064] See also Figure 4 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system 1000 provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the second software protection module 11 and the second hardware protection module 12 can be electrically connected.

[0065] In some embodiments, if the electrical connection between the second hardware protection module 12 and the protection switch 10 fails, the second hardware protection module 12 may be unable to control the protection switch 10 to disconnect, which may affect the protection success rate of the battery pack, resulting in an increased probability of damage to the battery pack and causing safety problems.

[0066] In order to solve the above problems, in the embodiment of the present application, an electrical connection is added between the second software protection module 11 and the second hardware protection module 12. The second hardware protection module 12 can send the first hardware protection signal to the second software protection module 11; the second software protection module 11 receives the first hardware protection signal, and controls the protection switch 10 to disconnect according to the first hardware protection signal, thereby improving the protection success rate of the battery pack and reducing the probability of damage to the battery pack and causing safety problems.

[0067] In other embodiments, the first hardware protection module 22 may further include a sending signal processing module for performing signal processing on the hardware protection signal sent out by the first hardware protection module 22 to improve the anti-interference property of the transmission signal, etc. The second hardware protection module 12 may further include a receiving signal processing module for performing signal processing on the hardware protection signal received by the second hardware protection module 12, such as performing signal conversion, converting a high-level signal into a low-level signal or converting a low-level signal into a high-level signal, etc.

[0068] See also Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , an example diagram of the system architecture of the battery protection system 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the battery protection system 1000 includes a control device 100 and a battery pack 200. The battery pack 200 includes battery packs 1 to N, where N is an integer greater than 1. Each of the battery packs 1 to N includes a cell sampling chip 20, a first software protection module 21, and a first hardware protection module 22. The first software protection module 21 is electrically connected to the first hardware protection module 22. The first software protection module 21 is electrically connected to the cell sampling chip 20 via a serial communication bus. The first hardware protection modules 22 are electrically connected to the cell sampling chip 20 via a hardware protection bus. The control device 100 includes a protection switch 10, a second software protection module 11, a second hardware protection module 12, and a second drive module 13. The second software protection module 11 is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module 12. The second software protection module 11 and the second hardware protection module 12 are both electrically connected to the second drive module 13, and the second drive module 13 is electrically connected to the protection switch 10. The first software protection module 21 is communicatively connected to the second software protection module 11 via a communication bus, and the first hardware protection module 22 is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module 12 via a hardware protection bus.

[0069] In some embodiments, the serial communication bus may be any one of an I2C bus, an SPI bus, etc. The communication bus may be a serial communication bus. The communication method between the first software protection module 21 and the second software protection module 11 may be any one of, including but not limited to, RS-485 communication, controller area network (CAN) communication, etc.

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, the cell sampling chip 20 in the battery pack 1 to N is a cell sampling chip set composed of cell sampling chips 1 to n, where n is an integer greater than 1. The first software protection module 21 includes a first controller and a communication module. The first hardware protection module 22 includes a first driving module 221 and a sending signal processing module. The second software protection module 11 includes a second controller. The second hardware protection module 12 includes a receiving signal processing module.

[0071] In some embodiments, the communication module may be a communication module based on RS-485 communication protocol, a communication module based on CAN communication protocol, etc. The communication module is used to perform signal processing, such as signal conversion, error detection, etc., on the signal generated or transmitted by the first controller.

[0072] In some embodiments, the control device 100 communicates with the battery packs 1 to N. In the process of protecting the battery packs 1 to N, the control device 100 can be used as a master device and the battery pack as a slave device. The first controller in the battery pack and the second controller in the control device can communicate based on a serial communication protocol (such as RS-485 communication protocol, CAN communication protocol).

[0073] In some embodiments, the cell sampling chip 20 can send the cell data to the first controller, and the first controller monitors whether the cell data is abnormal. When the cell data is abnormal (for example, the telecommunication output meets the first condition), the abnormal cell data can be sent to the first controller. The first controller generates a first protection instruction based on the abnormal cell data. The first protection instruction can be sent to the second controller through the communication module. The second controller controls the protection switch 10 to disconnect according to the first protection instruction.

[0074] In some embodiments, in order to avoid software protection failure, which may cause power increase that may damage the battery pack or cause safety issues, when abnormal cell data is monitored (for example, the cell data meets the second condition), the cell sampling chip 20 can generate a first hardware protection signal. The cell sampling chip 20 can output the first hardware protection signal to the first hardware protection module 22, or send the first hardware protection signal to the first controller. The first controller obtains the first hardware protection signal and can send the first hardware protection signal to the first hardware protection module 22. The first driving module 221 can generate a target hardware protection signal based on the hardware protection signal sent by the first controller and the hardware protection signal sent by the cell sampling chip 20. The target hardware protection signal is sent to the second hardware protection module 12 by sending the signal processing module.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first controller may also generate a second hardware protection signal according to the battery cell data. The first driving module 221 may generate a target hardware protection signal according to the hardware protection signal sent by the first controller and the hardware protection signal sent by the battery cell sampling chip 20. The target hardware protection signal is sent to the second hardware protection module 12 through the sending signal processing module.

[0076] In some embodiments, the second hardware protection module 12 receives the hardware protection signal through the received signal processing module, and can control the protection switch 10 to be disconnected according to the hardware protection signal.

[0077] In some embodiments, the received signal processing module may also send a hardware protection signal to the main controller, and the main controller controls the protection switch 10 to disconnect according to the hardware protection signal.

[0078] In some embodiments, the second driving module 13 can determine the target control signal according to the signal output by the main controller and the signal sent by the receiving signal processing module, and control the on and off of the protection switch 10 according to the target control signal.

[0079] In a battery protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application, the battery protection system includes a control device and a battery pack, the battery pack includes a battery cell sampling chip, a first software protection module and a first hardware protection module, and the control device includes a protection switch, a second software protection module and a second hardware protection module. Among them, the first software protection module is connected to the second software protection module in communication, and the first hardware protection module is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module. In the process of implementing battery protection, the battery cell sampling chip obtains battery cell data and sends the battery cell data to the first software protection module and the first hardware protection module. When the battery cell data meets the first condition, the first software protection module generates a first protection instruction according to the battery cell data and sends the first protection instruction to the second software protection module. The second software protection module responds to the first protection instruction and controls the protection switch to be disconnected, thereby realizing the protection of the battery pack by software protection. Considering that the first software protection module or the second software protection module may fail to provide software protection due to a fault, affecting the safety and reliability of the battery pack. Therefore, the battery protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application adds a hardware protection method on the basis of software protection. When the battery cell data meets the second condition, the first hardware protection module obtains the first hardware protection signal and sends the first hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module. The second hardware protection module controls the protection switch to be disconnected according to the first hardware protection signal. Through hardware protection and software protection, the dual protection of the battery pack is achieved to improve the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0080] See also Figure 6 The figure is a flowchart of the battery protection method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to the battery protection system. Figure 1 The battery protection system 1000 in FIG. 1 is used as an example for description. The method includes the following steps. S11: Obtain battery cell data.

[0081] S12: When the battery cell data satisfies a first condition, generating a first protection instruction according to the battery cell data.

[0082] S13: In response to the first protection instruction, control the protection switch in the battery protection system to be disconnected.

[0083] S14: When the battery cell data satisfies the second condition, obtaining a first hardware protection signal.

[0084] S15: Controlling the protection switch to be disconnected according to the first hardware protection signal.

[0085] In the battery protection method provided in the embodiment of the present application, dual protection of the battery pack is achieved through hardware protection and software protection, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack operation.

[0086] In some embodiments, the battery protection method can be implemented by referring to Figures 1 to 5 A description of a battery protection system and corresponding embodiments is provided.

[0087] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are not intended to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery protection system, characterized in that: The battery protection system includes a control device and a battery pack, the battery pack includes a cell sampling chip, a first software protection module and a first hardware protection module, the first software protection module and the first hardware protection module are both electrically connected to the cell sampling chip, the control device includes a protection switch, a second software protection module and a second hardware protection module, the second software protection module and the second hardware protection module are both electrically connected to the protection switch, the first software protection module is in communication connection with the second software protection module, and the first hardware protection module is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module, wherein: The cell sampling chip acquires cell data, and sends the cell data to the first software protection module and the first hardware protection module; When the battery cell data satisfies a first condition, the first software protection module generates a first protection instruction according to the battery cell data and sends the first protection instruction to the second software protection module; The second software protection module responds to the first protection instruction and controls the protection switch to be disconnected; When the battery cell data satisfies the second condition, the first hardware protection module obtains a first hardware protection signal, and sends the first hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module; The second hardware protection module controls the protection switch to be disconnected according to the first hardware protection signal.

2. The battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first software protection module is electrically connected to the first hardware protection module; The first hardware protection module transmits the first hardware protection signal to the first software protection module; The first software protection module generates the first protection instruction according to the first hardware protection signal.

3. The battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein: When it is determined that the battery cell data satisfies the second condition, the first software protection module generates a second hardware protection signal according to the battery cell data, and sends the second hardware protection signal to the first hardware protection module.

4. The battery protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first hardware protection module includes a first driving module, and the first software protection module is electrically connected to the first driving module; The first driving module determines a target hardware protection signal according to the first hardware protection signal and the second hardware protection signal, and sends the target hardware protection signal to the second hardware protection module; The second hardware protection module controls the protection switch to be disconnected according to the target hardware protection signal.

5. The battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second software protection module is electrically connected to the second hardware protection module; The second hardware protection module sends the first hardware protection signal to the second software protection module; The second software protection module receives the first hardware protection signal, and controls the protection switch to be turned off according to the first hardware protection signal.

6. The battery protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control device also includes a second driving module, the output end of the second software protection module and the output end of the second hardware protection module are both electrically connected to the input end of the second driving module, and the output end of the second driving module is electrically connected to the protection switch to control the protection switch to disconnect.

7. The battery protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: If it is determined that the battery cell data is within the first threshold range, the first software protection module determines that the battery cell data satisfies the first condition.

8. The battery protection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: If it is determined that the battery cell data is within the second threshold range, the first software protection module determines that the battery cell data satisfies the second condition.

9. The battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein: The first software protection module sends the cell data to the second software protection module; The second software protection module receives the battery cell data, generates a second protection instruction when it is determined that the battery cell data meets the first condition, and controls the protection switch to be disconnected according to the second protection instruction.

10. A battery protection method, characterized in that: The battery protection method uses the battery protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to protect the battery pack in the battery protection system, and the battery protection method includes: Get battery cell data; When the battery cell data satisfies a first condition, generating a first protection instruction according to the battery cell data; In response to the first protection instruction, controlling the protection switch in the battery protection system to be disconnected; When the battery cell data satisfies the second condition, obtaining a first hardware protection signal; The protection switch is controlled to be disconnected according to the first hardware protection signal.

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