Solar cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar cell, and belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology. The solar cell includes: a substrate; the thin grid lines are located on the light receiving side of the substrate, the thin grid lines are distributed at intervals in the first direction and extend in the second direction, the thin grid lines comprise at least one first thin grid line, each first thin grid line is provided with at least one fracture, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the multiple connecting lines are located on the light receiving side of the substrate, the multiple connecting lines are distributed at intervals in the second direction and extend in the first direction, each thin grid line is connected with at least two connecting lines, the first thin grid line is connected with the connecting lines at at least one end of the fracture, and the second thin grid line is connected with the second thin grid line at least one end of the fracture. And the plurality of fine grid lines and the plurality of connecting lines form a local loop. The cost can be reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a solar cell. Background Art

[0002] After the internal current of the solar cell is formed, it is mainly conducted out through the metal electrode. The metal electrodes in the related technology include the main grid line and the auxiliary grid line (also called the fine grid line). Among them, the fine grid line is used to collect the photogenerated carriers and transmit them to the main grid line, and the main grid line is mainly used to gather the current collected by the fine grid line and transmit it to the external circuit. However, the fine grid lines are distributed in most areas of the battery surface, and the width of the main grid line is large, resulting in a large amount of metal silver paste, high cost, and a large light-shielding area on the battery surface, and the battery photoelectric conversion efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a solar cell assembly that can reduce costs and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a solar cell, comprising:

[0005] substrate;

[0006] A plurality of fine grid lines are located on the light-receiving side of the substrate, the plurality of fine grid lines are spaced apart along a first direction and extend along a second direction, the plurality of fine grid lines include at least one first fine grid line, the first fine grid line has at least one break, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction;

[0007] A plurality of connecting lines are located on the light-receiving side of the substrate, the plurality of connecting lines are spaced apart along the second direction and extend along the first direction, each of the fine grid lines is connected to at least two of the connecting lines, and the first fine grid line is connected to the connecting line at at least one end of the fracture, so that the plurality of fine grid lines and the plurality of connecting lines form a local loop.

[0008] According to the solar cell of the present application, a plurality of fine grid lines and a plurality of connecting lines are arranged on the light-receiving side of the substrate, each fine grid line is connected to at least two connecting lines, and a first fine grid line with a break is connected to a connecting line at least at one end of the break, so that the plurality of fine grid lines and the plurality of connecting lines form a local loop, which is convenient for current transmission between adjacent fine grid lines, and there is no need to arrange a main grid line. The first fine grid line has a break, which reduces the amount of metal paste used, thereby reducing costs, and reduces the shading area of ​​the battery surface, increases the absorption of incident photons on the battery surface after illumination, increases the amount of photogenerated carriers and carrier aggregation, thereby improving battery efficiency.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present application, the plurality of connection lines include a plurality of first connection lines, and the first connection lines include a plurality of connection segments spaced apart and distributed along the first direction;

[0010] The connecting segment connects a plurality of adjacent thin grid lines, and the orthographic projections of the plurality of first connecting lines along the second direction are continuous line segments.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, every two adjacent fine gate lines are connected to a connection segment in the first connection line, and the multiple connection segments in two adjacent first connection lines are staggeredly distributed along the second direction.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, the plurality of connection lines further include at least one second connection line, and the second connection line is a continuous connection line;

[0013] The second connection line is located on at least one of two opposite sides of the plurality of first connection lines along the second direction, and the second connection line is respectively connected to the plurality of fine gate lines.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, the plurality of fine gate lines further include a plurality of second fine gate lines, and the second fine gate lines are continuous fine gate lines;

[0015] The at least one first thin gate line is located between the plurality of second thin gate lines.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present application, the breaks of two first fine gate lines that are continuously adjacent to each other do not overlap in the first direction.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, there is at least one second thin gate line between any two adjacent first thin gate lines.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present application, the breaks in the at least one first fine gate line constitute at least one row of breaks sequentially distributed along the second direction, and the connecting lines are respectively provided on two opposite sides of each row of breaks along the second direction.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present application, each plurality of adjacent rows of fractures constitutes a fracture group, and the fractures in the fracture group are staggeredly distributed along the second direction.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present application, the fractures in the plurality of fracture groups are distributed in the same manner.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present application, two middle rows of breaks among the multiple rows of breaks are distributed at intervals along the second direction, and the remaining rows of breaks among the multiple rows of breaks are distributed continuously along the second direction.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present application, the at least one row of fractures is symmetrically distributed along the first direction and / or the second direction.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present application, the width of the fine gate line is 7-30 μm; and / or,

[0024] The distances between the two opposite sides of the plurality of fine grid lines along the first direction and the edge of the substrate are 5-15 mm respectively; and / or,

[0025] The length of the fracture along the second direction is 5-15 mm; and / or,

[0026] The number of the breaks in the first fine grid line is 1-4; and / or,

[0027] The width of the connecting line is 7-30 μm.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present application, the solar cell further includes welding wires spaced apart along the first direction and extending along the second direction;

[0029] The welding wire is located on a side of the thin grid wire away from the substrate, and the welding wire is correspondingly connected to the thin grid wire.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present application, the welding wire at least partially overlaps with the corresponding fine grid wire.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present application, the width of the welding wire is less than or equal to the width of the fine grid line.

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present application, the number of the welding wires is less than or equal to the number of the fine grid wires.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present application, the welding wire does not overlap with two outermost thin grid lines among the plurality of thin grid lines along the first direction.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present application, at least one of the fine grid wires is spaced between two adjacent welding wires.

[0035] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0036] By arranging a plurality of fine grid lines and a plurality of connecting lines on the light-receiving side of the substrate, each fine grid line is connected to at least two connecting lines, and a first fine grid line with a break is connected to a connecting line at least at one end of the break, so that the plurality of fine grid lines and the plurality of connecting lines form a local loop, which is convenient for current transmission between adjacent fine grid lines, and there is no need to arrange a main grid line. The first fine grid line has a break, which reduces the amount of metal slurry used, thereby reducing costs, and reducing the shading area of ​​the battery surface, increasing the absorption of incident photons on the battery surface after illumination, and increasing the amount of photogenerated carriers and carrier aggregation, thereby improving battery efficiency.

[0037] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0039] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 This is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0044] The solar cell provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Figures 1 to 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application. The solar cell may include TOPCon, HJT or BC cells, which are not specifically limited here.

[0046] like Figure 1As shown, the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a substrate 1, a plurality of fine grid lines 2 and a plurality of connecting lines 3. The substrate 1 has a light-receiving side and a backlight side, the light-receiving side refers to the side irradiated with light, and the backlight side and the light-receiving side of the substrate 1 are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction Z of the substrate 1. The plurality of fine grid lines 2 are located on the light-receiving side of the substrate 1, and the plurality of connecting lines 3 are located on the light-receiving side of the substrate 1.

[0047] The substrate 1 may include multiple film layers, and the film layers in the substrate 1 are different for different types of solar cells. For example, the solar cell includes a TOPCon solar cell, and the substrate 1 may include a silicon substrate, a tunneling oxide layer, a polysilicon layer, a first passivation layer, and a second passivation layer. The first passivation layer is located on the light-receiving side of the silicon substrate, the tunneling oxide layer is located on the backlight side of the silicon substrate, the polysilicon layer is located on the side of the tunneling oxide layer away from the silicon substrate, and the second passivation layer is located on the side of the polysilicon layer away from the tunneling oxide layer. The light-receiving side of the substrate 1 is the side of the substrate 1 close to the first passivation layer, and the fine gate line 2 and the connecting line 3 may be located on the side of the first passivation layer away from the substrate 1.

[0048] The plurality of fine grid lines 2 are spaced apart along the first direction X, and each fine grid line 2 extends along the second direction Y, so that the plurality of fine grid lines 2 are distributed in parallel along the first direction X. The first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y, and the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the substrate 1, respectively. In some embodiments, the plurality of fine grid lines 2 are uniformly distributed along the first direction X.

[0049] The plurality of fine grid lines 2 include at least one first fine grid line 2a, and the first fine grid line 2a has at least one break 20, that is, the first fine grid line 2a is a discontinuous fine grid line. When the first fine grid line 2a has a plurality of breaks 20, the plurality of breaks 20 are spaced apart along the second direction Y. In some embodiments, the fine grid line 2 includes a metal such as silver.

[0050] The number of breaks 20 in different first fine grid lines 2a may be the same or different. In some embodiments, the number of breaks 20 in the first fine grid lines 2a is 1-4. The positions of the breaks 20 in different first fine grid lines 2a may be the same or different. The lengths of different breaks 20 along the second direction Y may be the same or different, that is, the lengths of multiple breaks 20 in the same first fine grid line 2a along the second direction Y may be the same or different, and the lengths of breaks 20 in different first fine grid lines 2a along the second direction Y may be the same or different. In some embodiments, the length of the break 20 along the second direction Y is 5-15mm. The widths of different fine grid lines 2 may be the same. In some embodiments, the width of the fine grid line 2 is 7-30μm.

[0051] The plurality of connection lines 3 are spaced apart along the second direction Y, and each connection line 3 extends along the first direction X, so that the plurality of connection lines 3 are distributed in parallel along the second direction Y. In some embodiments, the plurality of connection lines 3 are evenly distributed along the second direction Y. The widths of different connection lines 3 may be the same. In some embodiments, the width of the connection line 3 is 7-30 μm.

[0052] The plurality of fine grid lines 2 are connected to the plurality of connecting lines 3, each of the fine grid lines 2 is connected to at least two connecting lines 3, and the first fine grid line 2a is connected to the connecting line 3 at at least one end of the break 20, so that the plurality of fine grid lines 2 and the plurality of connecting lines 3 form a local loop. Through the connection between the fine grid lines 2 and the connecting lines 3, a plurality of local loops can be formed on the light-receiving side of the substrate 1, and the plurality of local loops are distributed in different areas of the light-receiving side, so as to facilitate current transmission in different areas.

[0053] In this embodiment, current is transmitted through a local loop formed by the fine grid line 2 and the connecting line 3, and there is no need to set a main grid line. The first fine grid line 2a has at least one break 20, which reduces the area of ​​the metal electrode and the amount of metal paste used, thereby reducing costs, and reduces the shading area of ​​the battery surface, increases the absorption of incident photons on the battery surface after illumination, increases the amount of photogenerated carriers and carrier aggregation, thereby improving the battery conversion efficiency.

[0054] In some embodiments, the spacings between the two opposite sides of the plurality of fine grid lines 2 and the edge of the substrate 1 along the first direction X are 5-15 mm. For example, the first direction X is horizontal, and the spacing between the first fine grid line 2 on the left side of the plurality of fine grid lines 2 and the left edge of the substrate 1 is 5-15 mm. The spacing between the first fine grid line 2 on the right side of the plurality of fine grid lines 2 and the right edge of the substrate 1 is 5-15 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments, the plurality of connection lines 3 include a plurality of first connection lines 3a, and the first connection lines 3a include a plurality of connection segments 31 spaced apart along the first direction X, that is, the first connection lines 3a are discontinuous connection lines. The plurality of connection segments 31 in each first connection line 3a are located on the same straight line extending along the first direction X. The first connection lines 3 may connect all the fine grid lines 2, or may connect some of the fine grid lines 2. The number of connection segments 31 in different first connection lines 3a may be the same or different.

[0056] The connecting segment 31 connects a plurality of adjacent fine grid lines 2, and the first fine grid line 2a is connected to the connecting segment 31 at at least one end of the break 20. The number of fine grid lines 2 connected by different connecting segments 31 may be the same or different. There may be at least one fine grid line 2 or no fine grid line 2 between two adjacent connecting segments 31 in the first connecting line 3a.

[0057] The orthographic projections of the plurality of first connecting lines 3a along the second direction Y are continuous line segments. Each fine grid line 2 can be connected to the connecting segments 31 in at least two first connecting lines 3, so that the first connecting lines 3 and the fine grid lines 2 can form a local loop.

[0058] In this embodiment, the first connecting line 3a is a discontinuous connecting line, which can further reduce the amount of metal paste used, reduce costs, and further reduce the light-shielding area of ​​the battery surface, thereby improving the battery conversion efficiency.

[0059] In some embodiments, every two adjacent fine gate lines 2 are connected to a connection segment 31 in the first connection line 3 a , and a plurality of connection segments 31 in two adjacent first connection lines 3 a are distributed along the second direction Y in an alternating manner.

[0060] For example Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, 2A fine gate lines are sequentially arranged along the first direction X, and 2B first connecting lines 3a are sequentially arranged along the second direction Y. Among them, the first first connecting line 3a is connected to each fine gate line 2 respectively, and starting from the first fine gate line 2, every two fine gate lines 2 are connected to a connecting section 31 in the first first connecting line 3a. The second first connecting line 3a is connected to part of the fine gate lines (other fine gate lines except the first fine gate line and the last fine gate line), and starting from the second fine gate line 2, every two fine gate lines 2 are connected to a connecting section 31 in the second first connecting line 3a. The connection method of the third first connecting line 3a, the fifth first connecting line 3a, ..., and the 2B-1 first connecting line 3a is the same as the connection method of the first first connecting line 3a. The connection method of the fourth first connecting line 3a, the sixth first connecting line 3a, ..., and the 2B first connecting line 3a is the same as the connection method of the second first connecting line 3a.

[0061] In some embodiments, the plurality of connection lines 3 further include at least one second connection line 3b, and the second connection line 3b is a continuous connection line. The second connection line 3b is located on at least one side of the plurality of first connection lines 3a on opposite sides along the second direction Y. The plurality of first connection lines 3a are arranged adjacent to each other, and a second connection line 3b can be arranged on any side of the plurality of first connection lines 3a along the second direction Y, or a second connection line 3b is arranged on opposite sides of the plurality of first connection lines 3a along the second direction Y, respectively.

[0062] The second connection line 3b is respectively connected to a plurality of fine grid lines 2. The second connection line 3b may be arranged close to the edge of the fine grid line 2, and the edge of the first fine grid line 2a may not be provided with a port 20, so that the second connection line 3b is respectively connected to each fine grid line 2 (including the first fine grid line 2a). The second connection line 3b, the first connection line 3a and the fine grid line 2 may form a local loop.

[0063] In this embodiment, the second connecting line 3b is a continuous connecting line, and the second connecting line 3b is located outside the plurality of first connecting lines 3a, which is beneficial to local loop current transmission and further improves the battery conversion efficiency.

[0064] In some embodiments, the plurality of fine gate lines 2 further include a plurality of second fine gate lines 2b, and the second fine gate lines 2b are continuous fine gate lines. At least one first fine gate line 2a is located between the plurality of second fine gate lines 2b. The outermost two fine gate lines 2 of the plurality of fine gate lines 2 (i.e., the first fine gate line 2 and the last fine gate line 2) are both second fine gate lines 2b, and the other fine gate lines except the outermost two fine gate lines may be first fine gate lines 2a or second fine gate lines 2b.

[0065] The first fine gate lines 2a can be arranged adjacent to each other continuously, that is, there is no second fine gate line 2b between the first fine gate lines 2a; the first fine gate lines 2a can also be arranged at intervals, that is, there is a second fine gate line 2b between the first fine gate lines 2a. The second fine gate lines 2b can be arranged adjacent to each other continuously, that is, there is no first fine gate line 2a between the second fine gate lines 2b; the second fine gate lines 2b can also be arranged at intervals, that is, there is a first fine gate line 2a between the second fine gate lines 2b.

[0066] In some embodiments, the breaks 20 of two first fine gate lines 2a that are continuously adjacent to each other do not overlap in the first direction X, that is, the breaks 20 of two first fine gate lines 2a that are continuously adjacent to each other are at different positions on their respective first fine gate lines 2a, so as to ensure uniform distribution of current as much as possible while reducing costs and reducing shading area.

[0067] In some embodiments, there is at least one second fine gate line 2b between any two adjacent first fine gate lines 2a. The two middle fine gate lines 2 among the plurality of fine gate lines 2 can both be second fine gate lines 2b, the two outermost fine gate lines (i.e., the first fine gate line and the last fine gate line) among the plurality of fine gate lines 2a can both be second fine gate lines 2b, and the distribution of other fine gate lines can be alternating distribution of the first fine gate lines 2a and the second fine gate lines 2b.

[0068] In some embodiments, the breaks 20 in at least one first fine grid line 2a constitute at least one row of breaks distributed in sequence along the second direction Y. When the number of first fine grid lines 2a is one, each break 20 in the first fine grid line 2a constitutes a row of breaks. When the number of first fine grid lines 2a is multiple, the breaks 20 located at the same position in multiple first fine grid lines 2a constitute a row of breaks. The number of breaks 20 in different rows of breaks may be the same or different. The lengths of each break in the same row of breaks along the second direction Y may be the same.

[0069] Connecting wires 3 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of each row of breaks along the second direction Y, so that the first fine gate lines 2a are respectively connected to two connecting wires 3 at two ends of the breaks 20 .

[0070] Multiple rows of breaks can be arranged continuously or at intervals along the second direction Y. When multiple rows of breaks are arranged continuously along the second direction Y, a connecting line 3 is provided between two adjacent rows of breaks, that is, two adjacent rows of breaks share one connecting line; when multiple rows of breaks are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, each row of breaks corresponds to two connecting lines 3, and the two connecting lines 3 corresponding to each row of breaks are located on opposite sides of the row of breaks along the second direction Y.

[0071] The connecting lines 3 arranged on opposite sides of each row of fractures along the second direction Y may be first connecting lines 3a or second connecting lines 3b. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the breaks 20 in the plurality of first fine grid lines 2a constitute multiple rows of breaks distributed sequentially from top to bottom. The connection line set on the side of the first row of breaks away from the second row of breaks is the second connection line 3b, and the connection line set on the other side of the first row of breaks is the first connection line 3a. The connection line set on the side of the last row of breaks away from the first row of ports is the second connection line 3b, and the connection line set on the other side of the last row of breaks is the first connection line 3a. The connection lines 3 set on the opposite sides of the remaining rows of breaks along the second direction Y are all first connection lines 3a.

[0072] In some embodiments, each plurality of adjacent rows of breaks constitutes a break group 200, and the breaks 20 in the break group 200 are staggered along the second direction Y, that is, each break 20 in the break group 200 is located on a different first fine grid line 2a. The number of breaks 20 in different break groups 200 can be the same or different.

[0073] For example Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the breaks 20 in the plurality of first fine gate lines 2a constitute 2C rows of breaks sequentially distributed along the second direction Y. The first C rows of breaks constitute a break group, and the last C rows of breaks constitute a break group. The breaks 20 in the first C rows of breaks are staggered along the second direction Y, and the breaks 20 in the last C rows of breaks are staggered along the second direction Y.

[0074] In some embodiments, the fractures in the plurality of fracture groups 200 are distributed in the same manner. The number of fractures 20 in the plurality of fracture groups 200 is the same, and the plurality of fracture groups 200 can completely overlap by translating along the second direction Y. The number of fractures 20 in the first fine grid line 2a is the same as the number of fracture groups 200, and the plurality of fractures 20 in the first fine grid line 2a are located in the plurality of fracture groups 200 in a one-to-one correspondence. For example Figure 1 As shown, the fracture distribution in the first C rows of fractures is the same as the fracture distribution in the last C rows of fractures.

[0075] In some embodiments, the middle two rows of breaks in the multiple rows of breaks are spaced apart along the second direction Y, and the remaining rows of breaks in the multiple rows of breaks are continuously distributed along the second direction Y. The middle two rows of breaks refer to the two rows of breaks located in the middle of the multiple rows of breaks.

[0076] For example Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first C rows of fractures are continuously distributed along the second direction Y, and the last C rows of fractures are continuously distributed along the second direction Y. The Cth row of fractures and the C+1th row of fractures are alternately distributed along the second direction Y.

[0077] In some embodiments, the plurality of rows of fractures are symmetrically distributed along the first direction X and / or the second direction Y. The plurality of fine gate lines 2 may also be symmetrically distributed along the first direction X and / or the second direction Y.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple rows of fractures are symmetrically distributed along the second direction Y, each fracture group 200 is symmetrically distributed along the second direction Y, and multiple fine grid lines 2 are symmetrically distributed along the second direction Y. Figure 2 As shown, multiple rows of fractures are symmetrically distributed along the first direction X, and multiple rows of fractures are symmetrically distributed along the second direction Y, and each fracture group 200 is symmetrically distributed along the second direction Y. Multiple fine grid lines 2 are symmetrically distributed along the first direction X, and multiple fine grid lines 2 are symmetrically distributed along the second direction Y. When multiple rows of fractures are symmetrically distributed along the first direction X, the first fine grid line 2a has multiple fractures 20, and the multiple fractures 20 in the first fine grid line 2a are symmetrically distributed about the center point of the first fine grid line 2a.

[0079] In this embodiment, multiple rows of fractures are symmetrically distributed, which can reduce the amount of metal slurry (the amount of slurry can be reduced by 9%-10%) and the shading area, while ensuring that the current is evenly distributed as much as possible.

[0080] In some embodiments, the solar cell further comprises a plurality of welding wires 4, the plurality of welding wires 4 are spaced apart along the first direction X, and each welding wire 4 extends along the second direction Y, so that the plurality of welding wires 4 are distributed in parallel along the first direction X. The welding wires 4 are located on the side of the thin grid wires 2 away from the substrate 1, and the welding wires 4 are correspondingly connected to the thin grid wires 2 so that the welding wires 4 are connected to the local loop. The welding wires 4 can be connected to the first thin grid wires 2a, and the welding wires 4 can also be connected to the second thin grid wires 2b. When the welding wires 4 are connected to the first thin grid wires 2a, the welding wires 4 can also fill the fractures 20 in the first thin grid wires 2a.

[0081] The welding wire 4 in this embodiment is used to collect the current of the local loop and transmit it to the external circuit. The welding wire 4 is arranged on the first thin grid line 2a with the break 20, which can reduce the stress between the single thin grid lines after the long welding wire is packaged, and reduce the risk of hidden cracks and fragments caused by warping of the battery after packaging.

[0082] In some embodiments, the welding wire 4 at least partially overlaps with the corresponding fine grid line 2. A plurality of welding wires 4 may be connected to a plurality of fine grid lines 2 in a one-to-one correspondence. The orthographic projection of the welding wire 4 on the substrate 1 may be located within the orthographic projection of the corresponding fine grid line 4 on the substrate 1, or the orthographic projection of the welding wire 4 on the substrate 1 may coincide with the orthographic projection of the corresponding fine grid line 4 on the substrate 1, or the orthographic projection of the welding wire 4 on the substrate 1 may partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the corresponding fine grid line 4 on the substrate 1.

[0083] The welding wire 4 in this embodiment does not require high-precision alignment. When the welding wire 4 has an offset problem, the design of the local loop can ensure that the welding wire 4 and the corresponding fine grid wire 4 still have a good connection, ensuring that the welding wire 4 collects the current, effectively improving the product qualification rate, and having good process compatibility and scalability.

[0084] In some embodiments, the width of the welding wire 4 is less than or equal to the width of the fine grid line 2, which can prevent the welding wire 4 from affecting the shading area and reduce the amount of welding wire material, further reducing costs.

[0085] In some embodiments, the number of welding wires 4 is less than or equal to the number of thin grid lines 2. When the number of welding wires 4 is equal to the number of thin grid lines 2, one welding wire 4 is correspondingly arranged on each thin grid line 2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the number of welding wires 4 is less than the number of fine grid lines 2 , one welding wire 4 is correspondingly arranged on some of the fine grid lines 2 .

[0086] Since the welding wire 4 can collect the current of the local loop, the number of welding wires 4 can be reduced, making the number of welding wires 4 smaller than the number of fine grid wires 2, thereby reducing material costs while ensuring current collection.

[0087] In some embodiments, the welding wire 4 does not overlap with the two outermost thin gate lines 2 in the first direction X among the plurality of thin gate lines 2. In order to avoid the problem of inconsistent thin gate line lengths caused by the angle position of the silicon substrate, the welding wire 4 is not provided on the first thin gate line 2 and the last thin gate line 2. The welding wire 4 is provided on at least some of the remaining thin gate lines 2. Figure 3 As shown, welding wires 4 are respectively arranged on each of the remaining fine grid lines 2 except the first fine grid line 2 and the last fine grid line 2. Figure 4 As shown, welding wires 4 are arranged on the remaining thin grid lines 2 except the first thin grid line 2 and the last thin grid line 2 .

[0088] In some embodiments, at least one thin grid line 2 is spaced between two adjacent welding wires 4. The number of thin grid lines 2 spaced between adjacent welding wires 4 may be the same or different.

[0089] In some embodiments, the plurality of welding wires 4 are evenly distributed along the first direction X. The number of fine grid lines 2 between adjacent welding wires 4 can be the same, for example, one welding wire 4 is provided for every D fine grid lines, and D can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc., according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here. Figure 4 As shown, two thin grid wires 2 are spaced between adjacent welding wires 4 .

[0090] According to the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of fine grid lines 2 and a plurality of connecting lines 3 are arranged on the light-receiving side of the substrate 1, each fine grid line 2 is connected to at least two connecting lines 3, and a first fine grid line 2a having a break 20 is connected to a connecting line 3 at at least one end of the break 20, so that a plurality of fine grid lines 2 and a plurality of connecting lines 3 form a local loop, which is convenient for current transmission between adjacent fine grid lines 2, and there is no need to arrange a main grid line, and the first fine grid line 2a has a break 20, which reduces the amount of metal slurry used, thereby reducing costs, and reduces the shading area of ​​the battery surface, increases the absorption of incident photons on the battery surface after illumination, increases the amount of photogenerated carriers and carrier collection, thereby improving battery efficiency. The first connecting line 3a is a discontinuous connecting line, which further reduces the amount of metal slurry used, reduces costs, and further reduces the shading area of ​​the battery surface, thereby improving battery conversion efficiency. The second connecting line 3b is a continuous connecting line, and the second connecting line 3b is located outside the plurality of first connecting lines 3a, which is conducive to local loop current transmission, and further improves battery conversion efficiency. The welding wire 4 is superimposed on the first thin grid line 2a with the fracture 20, which can reduce the stress between the single thin grid lines after the long welding wire is packaged, and reduce the risk of hidden cracks and fragments caused by warping after battery packaging. The number of welding wires 4 is less than or equal to the number of thin grid lines 2, and the width of the welding wire 4 is less than or equal to the width of the thin grid line 2, which further reduces the material consumption and avoids affecting the light shielding area of ​​the battery surface.

[0091] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a photovoltaic assembly, comprising the solar cell in the above embodiment.

[0092] According to the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of fine grid lines and a plurality of connecting lines are arranged on the light-receiving side of the substrate, each fine grid line is connected to at least two connecting lines, and a first fine grid line with a break is connected to a connecting line at least at one end of the break, so that the plurality of fine grid lines and the plurality of connecting lines form a local loop, which is convenient for current transmission between adjacent fine grid lines, and there is no need to arrange a main grid line. The first fine grid line has a break, which reduces the amount of metal slurry used, thereby reducing costs, and reduces the shading area of ​​the battery surface, increases the absorption of incident photons on the battery surface after illumination, increases the amount of photogenerated carriers and carrier aggregation, and thus improves battery efficiency.

[0093] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned photovoltaic component.

[0094] The electrical device of the present application includes the photovoltaic module provided by the present application, and thus has at least the same advantages as the above-mentioned photovoltaic module.

[0095] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of the same type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more.

[0096] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means two or more.

[0097] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0098] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: include: substrate; A plurality of fine grid lines are located on the light-receiving side of the substrate, the plurality of fine grid lines are spaced apart along a first direction and extend along a second direction, the plurality of fine grid lines include at least one first fine grid line, the first fine grid line has at least one break, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; A plurality of connecting lines are located on the light-receiving side of the substrate, the plurality of connecting lines are spaced apart along the second direction and extend along the first direction, each of the fine grid lines is connected to at least two of the connecting lines, and the first fine grid line is connected to the connecting line at at least one end of the fracture, so that the plurality of fine grid lines and the plurality of connecting lines form a local loop.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of connection lines include a plurality of first connection lines, wherein the first connection lines include a plurality of connection segments spaced apart and distributed along the first direction; The connecting segment connects a plurality of adjacent thin grid lines, and the orthographic projections of the plurality of first connecting lines along the second direction are continuous line segments.

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: Every two adjacent fine gate lines are connected to a connection segment in the first connection lines, and the multiple connection segments in two adjacent first connection lines are staggeredly distributed along the second direction.

4. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of connection lines further include at least one second connection line, wherein the second connection line is a continuous connection line; The second connection line is located on at least one of two opposite sides of the plurality of first connection lines along the second direction, and the second connection line is respectively connected to the plurality of fine gate lines.

5. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of fine gate lines further include a plurality of second fine gate lines, wherein the second fine gate lines are continuous fine gate lines; The at least one first thin gate line is located between the plurality of second thin gate lines.

6. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The broken ends of two first thin gate lines that are arranged continuously and adjacently have no overlap in the first direction.

7. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is at least one second thin gate line between any two adjacent first thin gate lines.

8. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The breaks in the at least one first fine gate line constitute at least one row of breaks distributed in sequence along the second direction, and the connecting lines are respectively provided on two opposite sides of each row of breaks along the second direction.

9. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that Each plurality of adjacent rows of fractures constitutes a fracture group, and the fractures in the fracture group are staggeredly distributed along the second direction.

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fractures in the plurality of fracture groups are distributed in the same manner.

11. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that The middle two rows of fractures in the plurality of rows of fractures are spaced apart along the second direction, and the remaining rows of fractures in the plurality of rows of fractures are continuously distributed along the second direction.

12. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The at least one row of fractures is symmetrically distributed along the first direction and / or the second direction.

13. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The width of the fine grid line is 7-30 μm; and / or, The distances between the two opposite sides of the plurality of fine grid lines along the first direction and the edge of the substrate are 5-15 mm respectively; and / or, The length of the fracture along the second direction is 5-15 mm; and / or, The number of the breaks in the first fine gate line is 1-4; and / or, The width of the connecting line is 7-30 μm.

14. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The solar cell further includes welding wires spaced apart along the first direction and extending along the second direction; The welding wire is located on a side of the thin grid wire away from the substrate, and the welding wire is correspondingly connected to the thin grid wire.

15. The solar cell according to claim 14, characterized in that: The welding wire at least partially overlaps with the corresponding fine grid wire.

16. The solar cell according to claim 14, characterized in that: The width of the welding wire is less than or equal to the width of the thin grid line.

17. The solar cell according to claim 14, characterized in that: The number of the welding wires is less than or equal to the number of the fine grid wires.

18. The solar cell according to claim 17, characterized in that: The welding wire does not overlap with two outermost thin grid lines among the plurality of thin grid lines along the first direction.

19. The solar cell according to claim 17, characterized in that: There is at least one thin grid wire between two adjacent welding wires.

Images