Ammonia fuel injection pump

Abstract

The invention provides an ammonia fuel injection pump to fill up the blank of the existing ammonia fuel injection pump and solve the problem that ammonia fuel is volatile, low in viscosity, toxic and corrosive to damage parts and personnel at the same time. The ammonia fuel injection pump comprises an ammonia outlet valve assembly, a plunger and barrel assembly, an ammonia inlet valve assembly, an ammonia outlet connector and a bypass valve. The ammonia outlet valve assembly, the ammonia inlet valve assembly, the ammonia outlet connector and the bypass valve assembly are fixedly assembled on the plunger and barrel assembly; a plunger cavity is formed in the plunger and barrel assembly, and a high-pressure ring groove and a first low-pressure ring groove are formed in the bypass valve assembly. An ammonia inlet channel of the ammonia inlet valve assembly, an injection channel of the ammonia outlet valve assembly, the plunger cavity and the high-pressure ring groove are communicated with one another through a first channel formed in the plunger and barrel assembly; and the first low-pressure ring groove is communicated with the ammonia outlet channel of the ammonia outlet joint through a second channel arranged in the plunger and barrel assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of high-pressure injection pumps for internal combustion engines, and in particular to an ammonia fuel injection pump. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of the low-zero carbon strategy and the introduction of new energy regulations, the use of ammonia fuel has been put on the agenda. Ammonia fuel has the advantages of high calorific value, renewable, easy to transport and zero carbon emissions. But at the same time, ammonia fuel has the characteristics of volatility, low viscosity, toxicity and corrosiveness. Ammonia fuel volatilizes into gaseous state and is very likely to cause cavitation of parts. The low viscosity of ammonia fuel is likely to cause failure of moving parts such as plunger pairs and bypass valve assemblies. Ammonia fuel leaks into the air due to poor sealing and is likely to cause poisoning of personnel. Ammonia fuel contacts with solenoid valves, which is likely to cause corrosion of parts.

[0003] There is currently no mature application of ammonia fuel high-pressure injection pumps. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an ammonia fuel injection pump to fill the gap in the current ammonia fuel injection pump, while solving the problem that ammonia fuel is volatile, has low viscosity, is toxic and corrosive, and causes harm to parts and personnel.

[0005] The technical solution of this application is: An ammonia fuel injection pump, comprising: An ammonia outlet valve assembly 1, a plunger pair 2, an ammonia inlet valve assembly 3, an ammonia outlet joint 4 and a bypass valve assembly 5; The ammonia outlet valve assembly 1, the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3, the ammonia outlet connector 4 and the bypass valve assembly 5 are fixedly assembled on the plunger pair 2; The plunger couple 2 forms a plunger cavity 201, and the bypass valve assembly 5 is provided with a high-pressure annular groove 541 and a first low-pressure annular groove 542; The ammonia inlet channel of the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3, the injection channel of the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1, the plunger cavity 201 and the high-pressure annular groove 541 are connected to each other through the first channel 211 provided in the plunger pair 2; The first low-pressure annular groove 542 and the ammonia outlet channel of the ammonia outlet connector 4 are connected through the second channel 212 provided in the plunger coupler 2; Ammonia fuel first enters the plunger cavity 201 and the high-pressure annular groove 541 through the ammonia inlet channel of the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3; When the plunger 22 of the plunger pair 2 starts to move upward, the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3 is closed, and the solenoid valve 51 of the bypass valve assembly 5 is kept de-energized, so that the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542 are connected, and the ammonia fuel in the plunger cavity 201 is discharged outward through the ammonia outlet connector 4; The solenoid valve 51 of the bypass valve assembly 5 is energized after the power-off time reaches the first preset time, so that the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542 are no longer connected, and the ammonia fuel pressure in the plunger cavity 201 gradually increases to the preset injection pressure and is then ejected outward through the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1; After the injection duration reaches the second preset duration, the solenoid valve 51 of the bypass valve assembly 5 is powered off, the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542 are restored to communication, and the residual high-pressure ammonia fuel in the plunger cavity 201 is discharged outward through the ammonia outlet connector 4.

[0006] Preferably, the ammonia fuel injection pump further comprises: a pump body 6, a plunger spring 7, a lower spring seat 8 and a lead cylinder 9; The plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger couple 2 is fixedly connected to the pump body 6; The lead cylinder 9 is assembled in the inner cavity of the pump body 6; The lower spring seat 8 is installed in the lead cylinder 9; The plunger spring 7 is sleeved on the plunger 22 of the plunger couple 2, and two ends thereof are respectively connected to the lower spring seat 8 and the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger couple 2.

[0007] Preferably, the bypass valve assembly 5 comprises: a solenoid valve 51, a solenoid valve spring 52, a bypass valve 53, a bypass valve sleeve 54, a bypass valve body 55 and a baffle 56; The bypass valve body 55 is fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger couple 2; The solenoid valve 51 is mounted on one end of the bypass valve body 55, and the baffle 56 is mounted on the other end of the bypass valve body 55; The bypass valve sleeve 54 is assembled inside the bypass valve body 55; The bypass valve 53 is slidably mounted inside the bypass valve sleeve 54; one end of the bypass valve 53 is connected to the solenoid valve 51, and the other end is opposite to the baffle 56; The solenoid valve spring 52 is arranged between the solenoid valve 51 and the bypass valve 53; The inner wall of the bypass valve sleeve 54 is provided with the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542; The outer wall of the bypass valve 53 is provided with a connecting annular groove 531 which can connect the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542; The bypass valve body 55 is provided with a first hole 551 connecting the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first passage 211 , and a second hole 552 connecting the first low-pressure annular groove 542 and the second passage 212 ; When the solenoid valve 51 is powered off, the connecting annular groove 531 connects the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542, so that the plunger cavity 201, the first channel 211, the high-pressure annular groove 541, the connecting annular groove 531, the first low-pressure annular groove 542, the second channel 542 and the ammonia outlet channel of the ammonia outlet connector 4 are connected in sequence; When the solenoid valve 51 is energized, the plunger cavity 201 is only communicated with the injection channel of the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 .

[0008] Preferably, a first sealing ring groove 543 is further provided on the inner wall of the bypass valve sleeve 54, and a first sealing oil passage 553 communicating with the first sealing ring groove 543 is provided on the bypass valve body 55, and the first sealing oil passage 553 is used to introduce external sealing oil; A first sealing ring 57 is provided on the high-pressure sealing surface 554 connecting the bypass valve body 55 and the plunger couple 2; The high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542 are arranged between the two first sealing annular grooves 543; The first hole 551 and the second hole 552 are disposed between two first sealing rings 57 .

[0009] Preferably, the bypass valve 53 has an inner hole 532, and the inner hole 532 is connected to the end surface facing the baffle 56; The outer wall of the bypass valve 53 is provided with a middle hole 533 connected to the inner hole 532; The baffle plate 56 is provided with a groove 561 on the end surface facing the bypass valve 53; The external sealing oil entering from the first sealing oil passage 553 passes through the first sealing ring groove 543 , the groove 561 , the inner hole 532 , and the middle hole 533 to reach the outer periphery of the bypass valve 53 , so that the bypass valve 53 remains balanced.

[0010] Preferably, the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3 comprises: an ammonia inlet valve body 31, a first valve seat 32, a second valve seat 33, an ammonia inlet valve spring 34 and an ammonia inlet valve 35; The ammonia inlet valve body 31 is provided with a first hydrogen inlet hole 311 and a first valve seat mounting hole 312 which are in communication with each other; the first valve seat 32 is assembled in the first valve seat mounting hole 312; The ammonia inlet valve 35 is mounted on the first valve seat 32 and can form a seal with the first hydrogen inlet hole 311; One end of the second valve seat 34 extends into the first valve seat mounting hole 312, and the ammonia inlet valve spring 33 is installed between the first valve seat 32 and the second valve seat 34; The second valve seat 34 is provided with a second hydrogen inlet hole 342 which connects the first valve seat mounting hole 312 with the first hydrogen fuel flow channel 341 inside the second valve seat 34; the first hydrogen fuel flow channel 341 inside the second valve seat 34 is connected with the first channel 211; The ammonia inlet valve body 31 is provided with an external thread 313 fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger pair 2 .

[0011] Preferably, the outer ring of the first valve seat 32 is provided with a second sealing ring 36 which forms a seal with the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger pair 2; The second valve seat 34 has a spherical surface 343 that forms a spherical seal with the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger couple 2 .

[0012] Preferably, the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 comprises: an ammonia outlet valve body 11, a third valve seat 12, a fourth valve seat 14, an ammonia outlet valve 13 and an ammonia outlet valve spring 15; The ammonia outlet valve body 11 is provided with a first hydrogen outlet hole 111 and a second valve seat mounting hole 112 which are connected to each other; The fourth valve seat 14 is assembled in the second valve seat mounting hole 112 , and the second hydrogen fuel flow channel 141 inside the fourth valve seat 14 is connected to the first hydrogen outlet hole 111 ; One end of the third valve seat 12 extends into the second valve seat mounting hole 112; The ammonia outlet valve 13 is placed on the third valve seat 12 and can block the hydrogen outlet channel 121 of the third valve seat 12; The ammonia outlet valve spring 15 is installed between the fourth valve seat 14 and the ammonia outlet valve 13; The fourth valve seat 14 is provided with a second hydrogen outlet hole 142 which connects the second valve seat mounting hole 112 with the second hydrogen fuel flow channel 141 inside the ammonia outlet valve 14; The ammonia outlet valve body 11 is provided with an external thread 113 fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger pair 2 .

[0013] Preferably, the plunger couple 2 comprises: A plunger sleeve 21 and a plunger 22, wherein the plunger 22 is movably inserted into the plunger sleeve 21, and a plunger cavity 201 is formed between the plunger 22 and the plunger sleeve 21; The plunger sleeve 21 is provided with the first channel 211 and the second channel 212; The plunger sleeve 21 is provided with a second low-pressure ring groove 213 and a second sealing ring groove 214 surrounding the plunger 22; The plunger sleeve 21 is also provided with a third channel 215 communicating with the second sealing ring groove 214, and the third channel 215 is used for introducing external sealing oil; The second low-pressure annular groove 213 is in communication with the second channel 212; A third sealing ring 216 is installed between the plunger sleeve 21 and the plunger 22; The second low-pressure ring groove 213 is located below the plunger cavity 201 , the second sealing ring groove 214 is located below the second low-pressure ring groove 213 , and the third sealing ring 216 is located below the second sealing ring groove 214 .

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are: (1) In this scheme, the plunger assembly is integrated with three components, namely, an ammonia inlet valve assembly, a bypass valve assembly and an ammonia outlet valve assembly, which effectively avoids the possibility of vaporization of ammonia fuel in the entire circulation area and improves the reliability of the ammonia fuel high-pressure injection pump.

[0015] (2) For the plunger and bypass valve components that have relative motion and require gap sealing, sealing ring grooves are set to prevent high-pressure ammonia fuel from leaking from the gap between the components. At the same time, the components are also lubricated forcibly, which improves the safety and reliability of the ammonia fuel injection pump.

[0016] (3) The ammonia inlet valve assembly and the ammonia outlet valve assembly are designed with a double sealing structure of a spherical surface and a sealing ring, which ensures reliability in the event of abnormal sealing and greatly improves the safety of the ammonia fuel injection pump.

[0017] (4) The ammonia inlet valve assembly, bypass valve assembly and ammonia outlet valve assembly are designed as an integral structure, making their disassembly and assembly extremely simple. In the event of failure, they can be quickly replaced, greatly improving their maintainability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an ammonia fuel injection pump in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a bypass valve assembly in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an ammonia inlet valve assembly in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an ammonia outlet valve assembly in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the plunger pair in the embodiment of the present application; Description of reference numerals: 1- ammonia outlet valve assembly; 2- plunger pair; 3- ammonia inlet valve assembly; 4- ammonia outlet connector; 5- bypass valve assembly; 6- pump body; 7- plunger spring; 8- lower spring seat; 9- guide cylinder; 11- ammonia outlet valve body; 12- third valve seat; 14- fourth valve seat; 13- ammonia outlet valve; 15- ammonia outlet valve spring; 16- fourth sealing ring; 111- first hydrogen outlet hole; 112- second valve seat mounting hole; 113- external thread; 121- hydrogen outlet channel; 122- spherical surface; 141- second hydrogen fuel flow channel; 142- second hydrogen outlet hole; 21- plunger sleeve; 22- plunger; 201- plunger cavity; 211- first channel; 212- second channel; 213- second low-pressure ring groove; 214- second sealing ring groove; 215- third channel; 216- third sealing ring; 31- ammonia inlet valve body; 32- first valve seat; 34- second valve seat; 33- ammonia inlet valve spring; 35- ammonia inlet valve; 36- second sealing ring; 311- first hydrogen inlet hole; 312- first valve seat mounting hole; 313- external thread; 341- first hydrogen fuel flow channel; 342- second hydrogen inlet hole; 343- spherical surface; 51-solenoid valve; 52-solenoid valve spring; 53-bypass valve; 54-bypass valve sleeve; 55-bypass valve body; 56-baffle; 57-first sealing ring; 531-connecting ring groove; 532-inner hole; 533-middle hole; 541-high-pressure ring groove; 542-first low-pressure ring groove; 543-first sealing ring groove; 551-first hole; 552-second hole; 553-first sealing oil channel; 554-high-pressure sealing surface; 561-groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Reference Figures 1 to 5 The embodiment of the present application provides an ammonia fuel injection valve, including: an ammonia outlet valve assembly 1, a plunger pair 2, an ammonia outlet joint 4, an ammonia inlet valve assembly 3, a pump body 6, a plunger spring 7, a guide cylinder 9, a lower spring seat 8, and a bypass valve assembly 5.

[0020] The plunger pair 2 is integrated with an ammonia inlet valve assembly 3, a bypass valve assembly 5 and an ammonia outlet valve assembly 1. The plunger pair 2, the bypass valve assembly 5 and other pairs that have relative motion and require high-pressure sealing are designed with sealing ring grooves, and sealing oil can be introduced to seal and lubricate them. The ammonia inlet valve assembly 3, the bypass valve assembly 5 and the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 are all designed in an integrated manner, which is easy to disassemble and assemble.

[0021] The ammonia inlet valve assembly 3 and the ammonia outlet joint 4 are fixed to the left part of the plunger couple 2 , the bypass valve assembly 5 is fixed to the right part of the plunger couple 2 , and the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 is fixed to the upper part of the plunger couple 2 .

[0022] A plunger cavity 201 is formed in the plunger couple 2 , and a high-pressure annular groove 541 and a first low-pressure annular groove 542 are provided in the bypass valve assembly 5 .

[0023] Through the first channel 211 provided in the plunger pair 2, the ammonia inlet channel of the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3, the injection channel of the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1, the plunger cavity 201 and the high-pressure annular groove 541 are interconnected.

[0024] The first low-pressure annular groove 542 and the ammonia outlet channel of the ammonia outlet connector 4 are connected via the second channel 212 provided in the plunger coupler 2 .

[0025] Reference Figure 2 The bypass valve assembly 5 includes a solenoid valve 51, a solenoid valve spring 52, a bypass valve 53, a bypass valve sleeve 54, a bypass valve body 55, and a baffle 56, and the two ends are connected as a whole by screws. The central hole of the bypass valve sleeve 54 is designed with 5 annular grooves, including 1 high-pressure annular groove 541, 2 first low-pressure annular grooves 542 and 4 and 2 first sealing annular grooves 543. The high-pressure annular groove 541 is arranged in the middle of the bypass valve sleeve 54, the two first sealing annular grooves 543 are arranged on both sides of the bypass valve sleeve 54, and the two first low-pressure annular grooves 542 are arranged between the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the two first sealing annular grooves 543.

[0026] The bypass valve body 55 is fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger couple 2; The solenoid valve 51 is mounted on one end of the bypass valve body 55, and the baffle 56 is mounted on the other end of the bypass valve body 55; The bypass valve sleeve 54 is assembled inside the bypass valve body 55; The bypass valve 53 is slidably mounted inside the bypass valve sleeve 54; one end of the bypass valve 53 is connected to the solenoid valve 51, and the other end is opposite to the baffle 56; The solenoid valve spring 52 is arranged between the solenoid valve 51 and the bypass valve 53; Reference Figure 2 A connecting annular groove 531 is provided on the outer wall of the bypass valve 53, which can connect the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542, and a first hole 551 that connects the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first channel 211 and a second hole 552 that connects the first low-pressure annular groove 542 and the second channel 212 are provided on the bypass valve body 55.

[0027] Reference Figure 2The bypass valve body 55 is provided with a first sealing oil passage 553 connected with the first sealing ring groove 543, and the first sealing oil passage 553 is used to introduce external sealing oil; a first sealing ring 57 is provided on the high-pressure sealing surface 554 connecting the bypass valve body 55 and the plunger pair 2. The bypass valve 53 has an inner hole 532, and the inner hole 532 is connected to the end surface facing the baffle 56; a middle hole 533 connected to the inner hole 532 is provided on the outer wall of the bypass valve 53; a groove 561 is provided on the end surface of the baffle 56 facing the bypass valve 53; the external sealing oil entering from the first sealing oil passage 553 passes through the first sealing ring groove 543, the groove 561, the inner hole 532 and the middle hole 533 to reach the outer periphery of the bypass valve 53, so that the bypass valve 53 is kept balanced.

[0028] When the solenoid valve 51 is powered off, the connecting annular groove 531 connects the high-pressure annular groove 541 and the first low-pressure annular groove 542, so that the plunger cavity 201, the first channel 211, the high-pressure annular groove 541, the connecting annular groove 531, the first low-pressure annular groove 542, the second channel 212 and the ammonia outlet channel of the ammonia outlet connector 4 are connected in sequence; When the solenoid valve 51 is energized, the plunger cavity 201 is only communicated with the injection channel of the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 .

[0029] Reference Figure 5 The plunger pair 2 includes a plunger sleeve 21 and a plunger 22. The central hole of the plunger sleeve 21 is designed with a second low-pressure ring groove 213 and a second sealing ring groove 214, and the plunger sleeve 21 is provided with a first channel 211 and a second channel 212.

[0030] The second low-pressure annular groove 213 is designed at the upper part of the middle hole of the plunger sleeve 21 , 5 mm to 20 mm away from the upper end of the plunger 22 , and is connected to the ammonia outlet connector 4 through the second channel 212 .

[0031] A third sealing ring 216 is installed between the plunger sleeve 21 and the plunger 22. The second sealing ring groove 214 is designed to be close to the third sealing ring 216, with a distance of 3mm-10mm from the third sealing ring 216. The second sealing ring groove 214 is connected to the external sealing oil through the third channel 215 on the plunger sleeve 21.

[0032] Reference Figure 3 The ammonia inlet valve assembly 3 includes an ammonia inlet valve body 31 , a first valve seat 32 , a second valve seat 34 , an ammonia inlet valve spring 33 and an ammonia inlet valve 35 .

[0033] The ammonia inlet valve body 31 is provided with a first hydrogen inlet hole 311 and a first valve seat mounting hole 312 which are in communication with each other; the first valve seat 32 is assembled in the first valve seat mounting hole 312; The ammonia inlet valve 35 is mounted on the first valve seat 32 and can form a seal with the first hydrogen inlet hole 311; One end of the second valve seat 34 extends into the first valve seat mounting hole 312, and the ammonia inlet valve spring 33 is installed between the first valve seat 32 and the second valve seat 34; The second valve seat 34 is provided with a second hydrogen inlet hole 342 which connects the first valve seat mounting hole 312 with the first hydrogen fuel flow channel 341 inside the second valve seat 34; the first hydrogen fuel flow channel 341 inside the second valve seat 34 is connected with the first channel 211; The ammonia inlet valve body 31 is provided with an external thread 313 fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger pair 2 .

[0034] The second valve seat 34 and the ammonia inlet valve body 31 are integrated into one by interference fit, and the ammonia inlet valve spring 33, the second valve seat 34 and the ammonia inlet valve 35 are contained therein.

[0035] The second valve seat 34 is provided with a spherical surface 343 , and the ammonia inlet valve body 31 is provided with a second sealing ring 36 ; the two ammonia fuel sealing structures of the spherical surface 343 and the second sealing ring 36 realize a tight seal with the plunger pair 2 to prevent leakage of ammonia fuel.

[0036] The ammonia inlet valve body 31 is designed with an external thread 313 , which can be directly connected to the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger pair 2 .

[0037] Reference Figure 4 The ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 includes: an ammonia outlet valve body 11, a third valve seat 12, a fourth valve seat 14, an ammonia outlet valve 13 and an ammonia outlet valve spring 15; The ammonia outlet valve body 11 is provided with a first hydrogen outlet hole 111 and a second valve seat mounting hole 112 which are connected to each other; The fourth valve seat 14 is assembled in the second valve seat mounting hole 112 , and the second hydrogen fuel flow channel 141 inside the fourth valve seat 14 is connected to the first hydrogen outlet hole 111 ; One end of the third valve seat 12 extends into the second valve seat mounting hole 112; The ammonia outlet valve 13 is placed on the third valve seat 12 and can block the hydrogen outlet channel of the third valve seat 12; The ammonia outlet valve spring 15 is installed between the fourth valve seat 14 and the ammonia outlet valve 13; The ammonia outlet valve 13 is provided with a second hydrogen outlet hole 142 which connects the second valve seat mounting hole 112 with the second hydrogen fuel flow channel 141 inside the ammonia outlet valve 13; The ammonia outlet valve body 11 is provided with an external thread 113 fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve 21 of the plunger pair 2 .

[0038] The ammonia valve assembly 1 is provided with two ammonia fuel sealing structures, namely, a spherical surface 122 and a fourth sealing ring 16 , which form a tight seal with the plunger pair 2 .

[0039] The working process of the above-mentioned ammonia fuel injection valve is as follows: During assembly, first assemble the plunger pair 2 onto the pump body 6, then assemble the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3, bypass valve assembly 5, and ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 onto the plunger pair 2 in sequence, and finally assemble the ammonia outlet joint 4 and the corresponding sealing gasket onto the plunger pair 2. Then assemble the lower plunger spring 7, guide cylinder 9, and lower spring seat 8 in sequence. At this point, the installation of the ammonia fuel injection pump is complete.

[0040] During operation, when the ammonia fuel enters through the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3 and fills the plunger cavity 201 and the high-pressure ring groove 541, there is no pressure loss of the ammonia fuel in this process, and the ammonia fuel will not vaporize.

[0041] As the plunger 22 moves upward, the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3 is closed, the solenoid valve 51 of the bypass valve assembly 5 is kept de-energized, and the ammonia fuel flows from the high-pressure annular groove 541 to the first low-pressure annular groove 542 and flows out of the ammonia fuel injection pump through the ammonia outlet connector 4.

[0042] The solenoid valve 51 of the bypass valve assembly 5 is energized after the power-off duration reaches the first preset duration. When the solenoid valve 51 is energized, the bypass valve 53 moves upward, the bypass valve assembly 5 is closed, the ammonia fuel stops flowing from the high-pressure annular groove 541 to the first low-pressure annular groove 542, and the plunger chamber 201 begins to increase the pressure. When the pressure in the plunger chamber 201 increases to the preset injection pressure, the ammonia fuel flows out through the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 to supply high-pressure ammonia fuel, thereby completing the supply of high-pressure ammonia fuel.

[0043] After the injection duration reaches the second preset duration, the solenoid valve 51 is de-energized, the bypass valve 53 moves downward, the bypass valve assembly 5 opens, the ammonia fuel flows from the high-pressure annular groove 541 to the first low-pressure annular groove 542, the pressure in the plunger chamber 201 drops, and flows out of the ammonia fuel injection pump through the ammonia outlet connector 4.

[0044] When the pressure in the plunger chamber 201 drops, the ammonia outlet valve 13 in the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 moves downward, preventing the high-pressure ammonia fuel in the high-pressure oil pipe connected to the ammonia fuel injection pump from flowing back into the plunger chamber, thereby maintaining the high pressure of the ammonia fuel in the high-pressure oil pipe connected to the ammonia fuel injection pump, thereby preventing the ammonia fuel from vaporizing.

[0045] During use, the high-pressure ammonia fuel in the plunger cavity 201 flows into the second low-pressure annular groove 213 through the gap between the plunger 22 and the plunger sleeve 21. The second low-pressure annular groove 213 is connected to the ammonia outlet connector 4 through the second channel 212, thereby reducing the pressure of the ammonia fuel. The second sealing annular groove 214 in the plunger pair is filled with sealing oil, which enters the gap between the plunger 22 and the plunger sleeve 21 to isolate the ammonia fuel and prevent it from leaking out of the gap. At the same time, the purpose of lubricating the plunger pair can be achieved.

[0046] The high-pressure ammonia fuel in the high-pressure annular groove 541 in the bypass valve assembly 5 flows to the first low-pressure annular grooves 542 on both sides, and sealing oil is introduced into the first sealing annular grooves at both ends. The sealing oil can flow into the gap between the bypass valve 53 and the bypass valve sleeve 54, isolating the ammonia fuel and preventing it from leaking out through the gap and corroding the solenoid valve. At the same time, it can achieve the purpose of lubricating the bypass valve assembly.

[0047] The second valve seat 34 and the ammonia inlet valve body 31 are interference-fitted to make the ammonia inlet valve assembly 3 an integral whole, which is convenient for disassembly, assembly and replacement. The ammonia inlet valve assembly 3 includes two sealing structures, namely, the spherical surface 343 and the second sealing ring 36. When the spherical surface 343 fails to seal the ammonia fuel abnormally, the second sealing ring 36 can perform secondary sealing on the ammonia fuel.

[0048] The ammonia outlet valve 13 is positioned and guided by its outer circle and the second hydrogen fuel flow channel 141 of the fourth valve seat 14, and the third valve seat 12 and the ammonia outlet valve body 11 are interference-fitted, so that the ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 becomes a whole, which is convenient for disassembly and replacement of the whole. The ammonia outlet valve assembly 1 is provided with two ammonia fuel sealing structures, the spherical surface 122 and the fourth sealing ring 16. When the spherical surface 122 fails to seal the ammonia fuel abnormally, the fourth sealing ring 16 can perform a secondary seal on the ammonia fuel.

Claims

1. An ammonia fuel injection pump, characterized in that: include: An ammonia outlet valve assembly (1), a plunger pair (2), an ammonia inlet valve assembly (3), an ammonia outlet connector (4) and a bypass valve assembly (5); The ammonia outlet valve assembly (1), the ammonia inlet valve assembly (3), the ammonia outlet joint (4) and the bypass valve assembly (5) are fixedly assembled on the plunger pair (2); A plunger cavity (201) is formed in the plunger pair (2), and a high-pressure annular groove (541) and a first low-pressure annular groove (542) are provided in the bypass valve assembly (5); The ammonia inlet channel of the ammonia inlet valve assembly (3), the injection channel of the ammonia outlet valve assembly (1), the plunger cavity (201) and the high-pressure annular groove (541) are interconnected through a first channel (211) provided in the plunger pair (2); The first low-pressure ring groove (542) and the ammonia outlet channel of the ammonia outlet connector (4) are connected via a second channel (212) provided in the plunger pair (2); Ammonia fuel first enters the plunger cavity (201) and the high-pressure ring groove (541) through the ammonia inlet channel of the ammonia inlet valve assembly (3); When the plunger (22) of the plunger pair (2) starts to move upward, the ammonia inlet valve assembly (3) is closed, and the solenoid valve (51) of the bypass valve assembly (5) is kept de-energized, so that the high-pressure annular groove (541) and the first low-pressure annular groove (542) are connected, and the ammonia fuel in the plunger cavity (201) is discharged to the outside through the ammonia outlet joint (4); The solenoid valve (51) of the bypass valve assembly (5) is energized after the power-off time reaches a first preset time, so that the high-pressure annular groove (541) and the first low-pressure annular groove (542) are no longer connected, and the ammonia fuel pressure in the plunger cavity (201) gradually increases to a preset injection pressure and is then ejected outward through the ammonia outlet valve assembly (1); After the injection duration reaches a second preset duration, the solenoid valve (51) of the bypass valve assembly (5) is de-energized, the high-pressure annular groove (541) and the first low-pressure annular groove (542) are restored to communication, and the residual high-pressure ammonia fuel in the plunger cavity (201) is discharged to the outside through the ammonia outlet connector (4).

2. The ammonia fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel injection pump further comprises: a pump body (6), a plunger spring (7), a lower spring seat (8) and a lead cylinder (9); The plunger sleeve (21) of the plunger pair (2) is fixedly connected to the pump body (6); The lead cylinder (9) is assembled in the inner cavity of the pump body (6); The lower spring seat (8) is installed in the guide cylinder (9); The plunger spring (7) is sleeved on the plunger (22) of the plunger pair (2), and two ends thereof are respectively connected to the lower spring seat (8) and the plunger sleeve (21) of the plunger pair (2).

3. The ammonia fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bypass valve assembly (5) comprises: a solenoid valve (51), a solenoid valve spring (52), a bypass valve (53), a bypass valve sleeve (54), a bypass valve body (55) and a baffle (56); The bypass valve body (55) is fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve (21) of the plunger pair (2); The solenoid valve (51) is mounted on one end of the bypass valve body (55), and the baffle (56) is mounted on the other end of the bypass valve body (55); The bypass valve sleeve (54) is assembled inside the bypass valve body (55); The bypass valve (53) is slidably mounted inside the bypass valve sleeve (54); one end of the bypass valve (53) is connected to the solenoid valve (51), and the other end is opposite to the baffle (56); The solenoid valve spring (52) is arranged between the solenoid valve (51) and the bypass valve (53); The inner wall of the bypass valve sleeve (54) is provided with the high-pressure annular groove (541) and the first low-pressure annular groove (542); The outer wall of the bypass valve (53) is provided with a connecting annular groove (531) capable of connecting the high-pressure annular groove (541) and the first low-pressure annular groove (542); The bypass valve body (55) is provided with a first hole (551) for connecting the high-pressure annular groove (541) and the first channel (211), and a second hole (552) for connecting the first low-pressure annular groove (542) and the second channel (212); When the solenoid valve (51) is powered off, the connecting ring groove (531) connects the high-pressure ring groove (541) and the first low-pressure ring groove (542), so that the plunger cavity (201), the first channel (211), the high-pressure ring groove (541), the connecting ring groove (531), the first low-pressure ring groove (542), the second channel (212) and the ammonia outlet channel of the ammonia outlet connector (4) are connected in sequence; When the solenoid valve (51) is energized, the plunger chamber (201) is only in communication with the injection channel of the ammonia outlet valve assembly (1).

4. The ammonia fuel injection pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first sealing ring groove (543) is further provided on the inner wall of the bypass valve sleeve (54), and a first sealing oil passage (553) communicating with the first sealing ring groove (543) is provided on the bypass valve body (55), wherein the first sealing oil passage (553) is used for introducing external sealing oil; A first sealing ring (57) is provided on the high-pressure sealing surface (554) connecting the bypass valve body (55) and the plunger pair (2); The high-pressure ring groove (541) and the first low-pressure ring groove (542) are arranged between the two first sealing ring grooves (543); The first hole (551) and the second hole (552) are arranged between the two first sealing rings (57).

5. The ammonia fuel injection pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bypass valve (53) has an inner hole (532), and the inner hole (532) is connected to an end surface facing the baffle (56); The outer wall of the bypass valve (53) is provided with a middle hole (533) connected to the inner hole (532); A groove (561) is provided on the end surface of the baffle (56) facing the bypass valve (53); The external sealing oil entering from the first sealing oil passage (553) passes through the first sealing ring groove (543), the groove (561), the inner hole (532) and the middle hole (533) to reach the outer periphery of the bypass valve (53), so that the bypass valve (53) remains balanced.

6. The ammonia fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia inlet valve assembly (3) comprises: an ammonia inlet valve body (31), a first valve seat (32), a second valve seat (34), an ammonia inlet valve spring (33) and an ammonia inlet valve (35); The ammonia inlet valve body (31) is provided with a first hydrogen inlet hole (311) and a first valve seat mounting hole (312) which are in communication with each other; the first valve seat (32) is assembled in the first valve seat mounting hole (312); The ammonia inlet valve (35) is mounted on the first valve seat (32) and can form a seal with the first hydrogen inlet hole (311); One end of the second valve seat (34) extends into the first valve seat mounting hole (312), and the ammonia inlet valve spring (33) is mounted between the first valve seat (32) and the second valve seat (34); The second valve seat (34) is provided with a second hydrogen inlet hole (342) for connecting the first valve seat mounting hole (312) and the first hydrogen fuel flow channel (341) inside the second valve seat (34); the first hydrogen fuel flow channel (341) inside the second valve seat (34) is connected to the first channel (211); The ammonia inlet valve body (31) is provided with an external thread (313) fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve (21) of the plunger pair (2).

7. The ammonia fuel injection pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer ring of the first valve seat (32) is provided with a second sealing ring (36) which forms a seal with the plunger sleeve (21) of the plunger pair (2); The second valve seat (34) has a spherical surface (343) that forms a spherical seal with the plunger sleeve (21) of the plunger pair (2).

8. The ammonia fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia outlet valve assembly (1) comprises: an ammonia outlet valve body (11), a third valve seat (12), a fourth valve seat (14), an ammonia outlet valve (13) and an ammonia outlet valve spring (15); The ammonia outlet valve body (11) is provided with a first hydrogen outlet hole (111) and a second valve seat mounting hole (112) which are in communication with each other; The fourth valve seat (14) is mounted in the second valve seat mounting hole (112), and the second hydrogen fuel flow channel (141) inside the fourth valve seat (14) is in communication with the first hydrogen outlet hole (111); One end of the third valve seat (12) extends into the second valve seat mounting hole (112); The ammonia outlet valve (13) is placed on the third valve seat (12) and can block the hydrogen outlet channel (121) of the third valve seat (12); The ammonia outlet valve spring (15) is installed between the fourth valve seat (14) and the ammonia outlet valve (13); The fourth valve seat (14) is provided with a second hydrogen outlet hole (142) for connecting the second valve seat mounting hole (112) and the second hydrogen fuel flow channel (141) inside the fourth valve seat (14); The ammonia outlet valve body (11) is provided with an external thread (113) fixedly connected to the plunger sleeve (21) of the plunger pair (2).

9. The ammonia fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger pair (2) comprises: A plunger sleeve (21) and a plunger (22), wherein the plunger (22) is movably inserted into the plunger sleeve (21), and a plunger cavity (201) is formed between the plunger (22) and the plunger sleeve (21); The plunger sleeve (21) is provided with the first channel (211) and the second channel (212); The plunger sleeve (21) is provided with a second low-pressure ring groove (213) and a second sealing ring groove (214) surrounding the plunger (22); The plunger sleeve (21) is also provided with a third channel (215) communicating with the second sealing ring groove (214), and the third channel (215) is used to allow external sealing oil to flow in; The second low-pressure ring groove (213) is in communication with the second channel (212); A third sealing ring (216) is installed between the plunger sleeve (21) and the plunger (22); The second low-pressure ring groove (213) is located below the plunger cavity (201), the second sealing ring groove (214) is located below the second low-pressure ring groove (213), and the third sealing ring (216) is located below the second sealing ring groove (214).

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