Steam nozzle damage test experiment system, experiment method and application method of nozzle damage chart
By designing a steam nozzle tip loss test experimental system, the problems of uneven injection and difficulty in adjusting the pressure difference during the steam injection process are solved, and the uniformity and efficiency of steam injection are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411574376.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
AI Technical Summary
During the steam injection process, the steam cannot be uniformly injected along the wellbore, resulting in high dryness in the upper part and low dryness in the lower part, affecting the reservoir temperature and production effect. At the same time, due to the pressure difference between layers in the steam drive process, the pressure difference cannot be reasonably adjusted through the steam nozzle, resulting in the inability to achieve good layered injection of steam.
A steam nozzle nozzle damage test experimental system was designed, including a water tank, a high-pressure plunger pump, a heat recovery tank, a preheater, an experimental test section and a backpressure valve. The experimental method was used to test the temperature and pressure conditions and dryness under different temperature and pressure conditions. The nozzle damage of the steam injection tool and form a nozzle damage pattern, guiding the adjustment of the wellbore pressure profile and the injected steam during steam injection.
Accurate testing and formation of steam nozzle tip damage under different working conditions is achieved, providing a basis for guiding the adjustment of pressure and steam volume during steam injection, and improving the uniformity and efficiency of steam injection.
Smart Images
Figure CN119413653A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heavy oil thermal recovery steam injection technology in the petroleum industry, and in particular to a steam nozzle loss test experimental system, an experimental method and an application method of a nozzle loss chart. Background Art
[0002] Thermal recovery of heavy oil has been gradually deepened at home and abroad, and thermal recovery technology has developed in a diversified manner, gradually forming a number of technologies such as steam throughput, steam drive, SAGD, etc. However, the principles of various technologies are to inject steam with high thermal enthalpy values into the formation along the wellbore to heat the crude oil, improve fluidity, and facilitate the later production of crude oil.
[0003] At present, there are several problems in the steam injection process: in steam huff and puff and SAGD processes, steam cannot be injected uniformly along the wellbore. The steam injected along the upper part of the wellbore has high dryness, injects more heat into the formation, and the crude oil is heated to a high degree, resulting in a high degree of recovery. However, as the wellbore is extended, the steam injected at the lower part has low dryness, and the steam is converted into liquid for injection, with low thermal enthalpy value, and the temperature of the lower reservoir is insufficient, affecting production. In the steam flooding process, due to the pressure difference between layers, the pressure difference cannot be reasonably adjusted through the steam nozzle, resulting in the inability to achieve good stratified injection of steam.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to understand the variation law of the steam injection nozzle loss, and adjust the steam injection amount along the wellbore by controlling the throttling pressure difference of the steam injection nozzle, so as to achieve uniform or layered steam injection in the wellbore. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a steam nozzle loss test experimental system, experimental method and nozzle loss chart application method, which can test the nozzle loss of steam injection tools under different temperature and pressure conditions and different dryness conditions through experimental methods, and form a chart to guide the adjustment of the wellbore pressure profile and the amount of injected steam during the steam injection process.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The steam nozzle loss test experimental system of the present invention comprises: a water tank, a high-pressure plunger pump, a reheat tank, a preheater, an experimental test section and a back pressure valve; the water tank is connected to the high-pressure plunger pump through a first pipeline and then connected to the first inlet of the reheat tank; the first outlet of the reheat tank is connected to the preheater through a second pipeline and then connected to the inlet of the experimental test section; the outlet of the experimental test section is connected to the back pressure valve through a third pipeline and then connected to the second inlet of the reheat tank.
[0007] The steam nozzle loss test experimental system also includes a condenser and a separation tank; the second outlet of the heat recovery tank is connected to the inlet of the condenser through a fourth pipeline, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the separation tank through a fifth pipeline.
[0008] The steam nozzle loss test experimental system also includes a mass flow meter, which is arranged on the first pipeline and located between the high-pressure plunger pump and the reheat tank.
[0009] The steam nozzle loss test experimental system also includes a stop valve, and the two stop valves are respectively arranged on the first pipeline and are respectively located upstream and downstream of the mass flow meter.
[0010] The steam nozzle loss test experimental system also includes a pressure gauge and a thermometer; the two pressure gauges are respectively arranged on the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and are respectively located upstream and downstream of the experimental test section; the pressure gauge is used to measure the pressure upstream and downstream of the experimental test section; the thermometer is arranged in the experimental test section, and is used to measure the temperature in the experimental test section.
[0011] The steam nozzle damage test experimental system, the experimental test section includes a pipe sleeve and a test fixture, the test fixture is arranged in the pipe sleeve; the test fixture includes a front steam pipe, a first connecting short section, a buffer section, a steam injection tool, an outer pipe, a plug, a second connecting short section and a rear steam pipe; the rear end of the front steam pipe is connected to the front end of the first connecting short section through a first adapter; the buffer section is sleeved on the first connecting short section; the rear end of the first connecting short section is connected to the front end of the steam injection tool through a connecting buckle, and the first connecting short section and the steam injection tool are also connected through a front flange, a rear flange and a connecting piece; the outer pipe is sleeved outside the steam injection tool, and the front end face and the rear end face are both in a closed state; the air inlet of the steam injection tool is connected to the first connecting short section, and the air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the steam injection tool, wherein the air outlet is connected to the annulus between the outer pipe and the steam injection tool, and a valve nozzle is arranged on the air outlet; The plug is arranged near the rear end of the steam injection tool; the rear end of the steam injection tool is connected to the second connecting short section via a second adapter, and the rear end of the second connecting short section is connected to the rear steam pipe via a third adapter; the front end of the front steam pipe and the rear end of the rear steam pipe are respectively connected to the second pipeline.
[0012] The present invention also provides an experimental method for a steam nozzle loss test experimental system, comprising the following steps: (1) After connecting the steam injection tool to the test fixture, connect the entire test fixture to the experimental system; (2) Start the process, adjust the displacement of the high-pressure plunger pump to the mass flow rate Q of the required test steam, and start the process heating; (3) Use the back pressure valve to adjust the test fixture to the required test pressure; (4) By adjusting the heating voltage of the preheater, the temperature rises to the steam saturation temperature corresponding to the test pressure, and the voltage can be further adjusted to adjust the steam quality. The corresponding steam quality can be calculated using the heating power of the preheater; (5) Record the mass flow rate of circulating steam in the process, the pressure and temperature before and after the test tooling, and the calculated dryness, and you can get the current nozzle loss of the tested steam injection tool under a certain working condition; adjust the steam flow rate, fix the pressure after the valve, and get at least three nozzle loss data of the valve nozzle under this temperature and pressure working condition, and complete the nozzle loss curve of the valve nozzle under a saturated steam working condition; (6) Repeat the above steps, change the saturated steam working conditions, and obtain the nozzle loss curve of the current valve nozzle at another pressure and temperature, thereby obtaining the nozzle loss of the valve nozzle; (7) Continue to replace the gas injection tool with different valve nozzles for testing, obtain the nozzle loss curves of different valve nozzles under different working conditions, and use multiple test data to form a nozzle loss chart of the tool.
[0013] The present invention also provides an application method of a mouth damage plate, comprising the following steps: A. The wellhead steam injection mass flow rate, steam injection pressure and steam injection temperature of the steam injection string are known, and the injection volume of each steam injection layer section given by the reservoir engineer; B. Calculate the pre-valve pressure and steam quality of the steam reaching the first steam injection tool from the wellhead. Take the formation pressure provided by the reservoir engineer as the post-valve pressure. Use the pre-valve pressure and post-valve pressure to calculate the nozzle loss of the fluid passing through the first steam injection tool. If the working conditions, nozzle loss and steam injection volume are known, the corresponding valve hole size can be found through the chart. C. After deducting the steam mass flow diverted by the first steam injection tool, continue to calculate from the first steam injection tool to the second steam injection tool to obtain the valve front pressure, steam quality, etc. of the second steam injection tool. According to the method of the first steam injection tool, the valve hole size to be configured for the second steam injection tool is obtained; D. Repeat step C to obtain the steam injection valve hole sizes of the remaining sections.
[0014] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages: (1) The present invention provides a laboratory steam nozzle loss test system, which can simulate real tool working conditions, realize the adjustment of different temperature, pressure and steam dryness parameters, and simulate real working conditions in the laboratory, so as to explore the nozzle loss under the influence of different parameters; (2) The present invention develops an experimental method to determine the calculation method of the nozzle loss under different parameters, thereby forming a more accurate steam nozzle loss chart; (3) The present invention proposes a method for using a steam nozzle loss chart, and applies the nozzle loss chart obtained through testing to different heat injection processes to guide the setting of steam injection nozzles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the steam nozzle loss test experimental system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the test tooling of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a mouth loss diagram of the present invention.
[0016] The reference numerals in the figures are: 1-water tank; 2-high-pressure plunger pump; 3-reheat tank; 4-preheater; 5-experimental test section; 5-1-pipe sleeve; 5-2-test tool; 5-201-front steam pipeline; 5-202-first connecting short section; 5-203-buffer section; 5-204-steam injection tool; 5-205-outer pipe; 5-206-plug; 5-207-second connecting short section; 5-208-rear steam pipeline; 5-209-first transfer 5-210-connecting buckle; 5-211-front flange; 5-212-rear flange; 5-213-second adapter; 5-214-third adapter; 6-back pressure valve; 7-first pipeline; 8-second pipeline; 9-third pipeline; 10-condenser; 11-separation tank; 12-fourth pipeline; 13-fifth pipeline; 14-mass flowmeter; 15-stop valve; 16-pressure gauge; 17-thermometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
[0018] The present invention provides a steam nozzle loss test experimental system, an experimental method and an application method of a nozzle loss chart. The nozzle loss of a steam injection tool under different temperature and pressure conditions and different dryness conditions is tested by an experimental method, and a chart is formed to guide the adjustment of the wellbore pressure profile and the injected steam amount during the steam injection process.
[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the steam nozzle loss test experimental system provided by the present invention includes: a water tank 1, a high-pressure plunger pump 2, a heat recovery tank 3, a preheater 4, an experimental test section 5 and a back pressure valve 6. The water tank 1 is connected to the high-pressure plunger pump 2 through a first pipeline 7 and then connected to the first inlet of the heat recovery tank 3; the first outlet of the heat recovery tank 3 is connected to the preheater 4 through a second pipeline 8 and then connected to the inlet of the experimental test section 5; the outlet of the experimental test section 5 is connected to the back pressure valve 6 through a third pipeline 9 and then connected to the second inlet of the heat recovery tank 3.
[0020] In the above embodiment, preferably, the present invention further includes a condenser 10 and a separation tank 11; the second outlet of the heat recovery tank 3 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 10 through a fourth pipeline 12, and the outlet of the condenser 10 is connected to the separation tank 11 through a fifth pipeline 13.
[0021] In the above embodiment, preferably, the present invention further includes a mass flow meter 14 , which is disposed on the first pipeline 7 and located between the high-pressure plunger pump 2 and the heat recovery tank 3 .
[0022] In the above embodiment, preferably, the present invention further includes a stop valve 15 , and two stop valves 15 are respectively provided on the first pipeline 7 and are respectively located upstream and downstream of the mass flow meter 14 .
[0023] In the above embodiment, preferably, a pressure gauge 16 and a thermometer 17 are also included; the two pressure gauges 16 are respectively arranged on the second pipeline 8 and the third pipeline 9, and are respectively located upstream and downstream of the experimental test section 5; the pressure gauge 16 is used to measure the pressure upstream and downstream of the experimental test section 5; the thermometer 17 is arranged in the experimental test section 5, and is used to measure the temperature in the experimental test section 5.
[0024] In the above embodiment, preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the experimental test section 5 includes a sleeve 5-1 (see Figure 1 ) and a testing tool 5-2, the testing tool 5-2 is arranged in the pipe sleeve 5-1; The test fixture 5-2 includes a front steam pipe 5-201, a first connecting short section 5-202, a buffer section 5-203, a steam injection tool 5-204, an outer pipe 5-205, a plug 5-206, a second connecting short section 5-207 and a rear steam pipe 5-208; the rear end of the front steam pipe 5-201 is connected to the front end of the first connecting short section 5-202 through a first conversion joint 5-209; the buffer section 5-203 is sleeved on the first connecting short section 5-202; the rear end of the first connecting short section 5-202 is connected to the front end of the steam injection tool 5-204 through a connecting buckle 5-210, and the first connecting short section 5-202 and the steam injection tool 5-204 are also connected through a front flange 5-211, a rear flange 5-212 and a connecting piece (not shown in the figure, it can be a bolt); the outer pipe 5-205 It is sleeved outside the steam injection tool 5-204, and the front and rear faces are both in a closed state; the air inlet of the steam injection tool 5-204 is connected to the first connecting short section 5-202, and the air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the steam injection tool 5-204, wherein the air outlet is connected to the annular space between the outer tube 5-205 and the steam injection tool 5-204, and a valve nozzle (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the air outlet; a plug 5-206 is arranged near the rear end of the steam injection tool 5-204; the rear end of the steam injection tool 5-204 is connected to the second connecting short section 5-207 through the second adapter 5-213, and the rear end of the second connecting short section 5-207 is connected to the rear steam pipe 5-208 through the third adapter 5-214; the front end of the front steam pipe 5-201 and the rear end of the rear steam pipe 5-208 are respectively connected to the second pipeline 8.
[0025] The present invention also provides a steam nozzle loss test experimental method, comprising the following steps: (1) After connecting the steam injection tool to the test fixture, connect the entire test fixture to the experimental system; (2) Start the process, adjust the displacement of the high-pressure plunger pump to the mass flow rate Q of the required test steam, and start the process heating; (3) Use the back pressure valve to adjust the test fixture to the required test pressure; (4) By adjusting the heating voltage of the preheater, the temperature rises to the steam saturation temperature corresponding to the test pressure, and the voltage can be further adjusted to adjust the steam quality. The corresponding steam quality can be calculated using the heating power of the preheater; (5) Record the mass flow rate of circulating steam in the process, the pressure and temperature before and after the test tooling, and the calculated dryness, and you can get the current nozzle loss of the tested steam injection tool under a certain working condition; adjust the steam flow rate, fix the pressure behind the valve (i.e. adjust the back pressure valve to keep the pressure behind the valve fixed), and get at least three nozzle loss data of the valve under this temperature and pressure condition, and complete the nozzle loss curve of the valve under a saturated steam condition; (6) Repeat the above steps, change the saturated steam working conditions, and obtain the nozzle loss curve of the current valve nozzle at another pressure and temperature, thereby obtaining the nozzle loss of the valve nozzle; (7) Continue to replace the gas injection tool with different valve nozzles for testing, obtain the nozzle loss curves of different valve nozzles under different working conditions, and use multiple test data to form the nozzle loss chart of the tool, such as Figure 3 shown.
[0026] The present invention also provides an application method of a mouth damage plate, comprising the following steps: A. The wellhead steam injection mass flow rate, steam injection pressure and steam injection temperature of the steam injection string are known, and the injection volume of each steam injection layer section given by the reservoir engineer; B. Calculate the pre-valve pressure and steam quality of the steam reaching the first steam injection tool from the wellhead. Take the formation pressure provided by the reservoir engineer as the post-valve pressure. Use the pre-valve pressure and post-valve pressure to calculate the nozzle loss of the fluid passing through the first steam injection tool. If the working conditions, nozzle loss and steam injection volume are known, the corresponding valve hole size can be found through the chart. C. After deducting the steam mass flow diverted by the first steam injection tool, continue to calculate from the first steam injection tool to the second steam injection tool to obtain the valve front pressure, steam quality, etc. of the second steam injection tool. According to the method of the first steam injection tool, the valve hole size to be configured for the second steam injection tool is obtained; D. Repeat step C to obtain the steam injection valve hole sizes of the remaining sections.
[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A steam nozzle loss test experimental system, characterized in that: include: Water tank, high-pressure plunger pump, regenerator, preheater, experimental test section and back pressure valve; The water tank is connected to the high-pressure plunger pump through a first pipeline and then connected to the first inlet of the heat recovery tank; The first outlet of the reheat tank is connected to the preheater through a second pipeline and then connected to the inlet of the experimental test section; The outlet of the experimental test section is connected to the back pressure valve through a third pipeline and then connected to the second inlet of the heat recovery tank.
2. The steam nozzle loss test experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a condenser and a knockout tank; The second outlet of the heat recovery tank is connected to the inlet of the condenser through a fourth pipeline, and the outlet of the condenser is connected to the separation tank through a fifth pipeline.
3. The steam nozzle loss test experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a mass flow meter, which is arranged on the first pipeline and located between the high-pressure plunger pump and the heat recovery tank.
4. The steam nozzle loss test experimental system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a stop valve, wherein two stop valves are respectively arranged on the first pipeline and are respectively located upstream and downstream of the mass flow meter.
5. The steam nozzle loss test experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also included are pressure gauges and thermometers; The two pressure gauges are respectively arranged on the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and are respectively located upstream and downstream of the experimental test section; the pressure gauges are used to measure the pressure upstream and downstream of the experimental test section; The thermometer is arranged in the experimental test section and is used to measure the temperature in the experimental test section.
6. The steam nozzle loss test experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The experimental test section includes a pipe sleeve and a test tool, and the test tool is arranged in the pipe sleeve; The test tool comprises a front steam pipeline, a first connecting nipple, a buffer section, a steam injection tool, an outer pipe, a plug, a second connecting nipple and a rear steam pipeline; The rear end of the front steam pipe is connected to the front end of the first connecting nipple through a first adapter; The buffer section is sleeved on the first connecting short section; The rear end of the first connecting nipple is connected to the front end of the steam injection tool through a connecting buckle, and the first connecting nipple and the steam injection tool are also connected through a front flange, a rear flange and a connecting piece; The outer tube sleeve is arranged outside the steam injection tool, and the front end face and the rear end face are both in a closed state; The air inlet of the steam injection tool is connected to the first connecting nipple, and the air outlet is arranged on the side wall of the steam injection tool, wherein the air outlet is communicated with the annulus between the outer tube and the steam injection tool, and a valve nozzle is arranged on the air outlet; The plug is arranged near the rear end of the steam injection tool; The rear end of the steam injection tool is connected to the second connecting nipple through a second adapter, and the rear end of the second connecting nipple is connected to the rear steam pipeline through a third adapter; The front end of the front steam pipe and the rear end of the rear steam pipe are respectively connected to the second pipeline.
7. An experimental method based on the steam nozzle loss test experimental system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) After connecting the steam injection tool to the test fixture, connect the entire test fixture to the experimental system; (2) Start the process, adjust the displacement of the high-pressure plunger pump to the mass flow rate Q of the required test steam, and start the process heating; (3) Use the back pressure valve to adjust the test fixture to the required test pressure; (4) By adjusting the heating voltage of the preheater, the temperature rises to the steam saturation temperature corresponding to the test pressure, and the voltage can be further adjusted to adjust the steam quality. The corresponding steam quality can be calculated using the heating power of the preheater; (5) Record the mass flow rate of circulating steam in the process, the pressure and temperature before and after the test tooling, and the calculated dryness, and you can get the current nozzle loss of the tested steam injection tool under a certain working condition; adjust the steam flow rate, fix the pressure after the valve, and get at least three nozzle loss data of the valve nozzle under this temperature and pressure working condition, and complete the nozzle loss curve of the valve nozzle under a saturated steam working condition; (6) Repeat the above steps, change the saturated steam working conditions, and obtain the nozzle loss curve of the current valve nozzle at another pressure and temperature, thereby obtaining the nozzle loss of the valve nozzle; (7) Continue to replace the gas injection tool with different valve nozzles for testing, obtain the nozzle loss curves of different valve nozzles under different working conditions, and use multiple test data to form a nozzle loss chart of the tool.
8. A method for applying a nozzle loss plate, wherein the nozzle plate is obtained based on the experimental method of claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: A. The wellhead steam injection mass flow rate, steam injection pressure and steam injection temperature of the steam injection string are known, and the injection volume of each steam injection layer section given by the reservoir engineer; B. Calculate the pre-valve pressure and steam quality of the steam reaching the first steam injection tool from the wellhead. Take the formation pressure provided by the reservoir engineer as the post-valve pressure. Use the pre-valve pressure and post-valve pressure to calculate the nozzle loss of the fluid passing through the first steam injection tool. If the working conditions, nozzle loss and steam injection volume are known, the corresponding valve hole size can be found through the chart. C. After deducting the steam mass flow diverted by the first steam injection tool, continue to calculate from the first steam injection tool to the second steam injection tool to obtain the valve front pressure, steam quality, etc. of the second steam injection tool. According to the method of the first steam injection tool, the valve hole size to be configured for the second steam injection tool is obtained; D. Repeat step C to obtain the steam injection valve hole sizes of the remaining sections.