Photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer stable no-load switching method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment operation and maintenance, and provides a photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer stable no-load switching method, which comprises the following steps of: monitoring operation data of a photovoltaic power station subarray box in real time, constructing a switching risk prediction model by utilizing a machine learning algorithm, predicting a switching risk, automatically matching an execution command, and after switching execution, carrying out automatic switching on the subarray box transformer substation. Feedback data are collected, stability detection is conducted, and if the stability does not meet the standard, an optimization algorithm is adopted to adjust the command till the stability requirement is met. The stable no-load switching operation and maintenance efficiency of the photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer substation is improved, the stable no-load switching risk of the photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer substation is reduced, the system stability of the photovoltaic power station is improved, refined operation and maintenance of the photovoltaic power station are achieved, and the overall performance and economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of highway construction operation and maintenance, and in particular to a method for smoothly switching sub-array box transformers of a photovoltaic power station without loading. Background Art

[0002] The photovoltaic power station sub-array box is an important part of the photovoltaic power station, mainly involving the centralized convergence, monitoring and protection of the DC output signal of the sub-array. The photovoltaic power station sub-array box, especially the sub-array DC combiner box, mainly undertakes the following functions: centralized convergence, monitoring function, protection function and communication function. In the photovoltaic power generation system, the photovoltaic power station sub-array box is the key link connecting the photovoltaic components and the inverter, and plays a connecting role:

[0003] Smooth no-load switching refers to the smooth no-load switching operation of the sub-array box and its related equipment when the photovoltaic power station is not generating electricity (such as at night or on rainy days). In order to achieve smooth no-load switching of the sub-array box of the photovoltaic power station, the following measures can be taken: Introduce an intelligent control system to monitor and control the equipment in the photovoltaic power station in real time. Through precise data collection and analysis, the intelligent control system can determine when to perform the switching operation and how to operate it to achieve the best effect.

[0004] According to the actual operation of the photovoltaic power station and the characteristics of the equipment, a reasonable switching strategy should be formulated. In non-power generation conditions such as at night or on rainy days, the switching operation of the equipment with higher energy consumption should be prioritized. During the switching process, soft start or soft stop technology should be used to reduce the impact on the equipment. The equipment in the photovoltaic power station should be regularly maintained and repaired to ensure the normal operation of the equipment and the smooth switching operation. Aging or damaged equipment should be replaced or repaired in a timely manner to avoid switching failure or system shutdown due to equipment failure.

[0005] As the operation time of photovoltaic power stations increases, the equipment gradually ages and fails. If the aged or damaged equipment is not replaced or repaired in time, the risk of switching failure or system shutdown will increase. The traditional photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance method lacks the support of intelligent and automated means, and it is difficult to achieve the smooth no-load switching equipment management and operation of photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformers in large-scale photovoltaic power stations. In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a method for smooth no-load switching of photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformers. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for smooth no-load switching of sub-array box transformers in a photovoltaic power station, which solves the problem that traditional photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance methods lack the support of intelligent and automated means, and it is difficult to achieve smooth no-load switching equipment management and operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformers in large-scale photovoltaic power stations.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for smoothly switching sub-array box transformers of a photovoltaic power station at no-load conditions, comprising:

[0009] Step S101, obtaining the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box includes the operation voltage of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation current of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation power factor of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, and the operation temperature of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box;

[0010] Step S102, substituting the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box into a preset switching risk prediction model to obtain a switching risk prediction result of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box;

[0011] Step S103, matching the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result with the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command in a preset knowledge base, and obtaining the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result;

[0012] Step S104, parsing the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, obtaining the photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, sending the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution, obtaining the photovoltaic power station sub-array box photovoltaic power station equipment switching feedback data, performing a stable no-load stability test on the photovoltaic power station sub-array box photovoltaic power station equipment switching feedback data, and obtaining a stability test result;

[0013] Step S105, evaluating the stability detection result, if the stability detection result meets the preset stable and steady value, then continue to execute the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, if the stability detection result does not meet the preset stable and steady value, then optimize the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command to obtain the optimized photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, replace the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command with the optimized photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command as the updated photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, and send the updated photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution.

[0014] Furthermore, the method for smoothly switching sub-array box-type transformers of a photovoltaic power station without load according to the present invention, step S102 comprises:

[0015] The photovoltaic power station sub-array box operation data also includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation data, and the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation data includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation voltage, photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation current, photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation power factor, and photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation temperature; Step S102.2, using a machine learning algorithm or a statistical method, construct a switching risk prediction model based on the historical operation data. The model should be able to consider the complex relationship between various operating parameters and switching risks, and output a prediction result indicating the size of the switching risk.

[0016] The operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box is used as input and substituted into the established switching risk prediction model;

[0017] The switching risk prediction model performs internal calculations based on the input operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box and outputs the switching risk prediction results of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for smoothly switching sub-array box-type transformers of a photovoltaic power station without load according to the present invention, step S103 comprises:

[0019] Accessing a preset knowledge base, the preset knowledge base includes a mapping relationship between a photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result and a corresponding switching execution command;

[0020] The switching risk prediction results of the photovoltaic power station sub-array boxes are used as query conditions and matched in the knowledge base. The matching process includes value range and classification label;

[0021] According to the matching results, the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command corresponding to the switching risk prediction result is extracted from the knowledge base. The real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command includes the switching operation, the operation object and the operation time. The operation object includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box and each device of the photovoltaic power station.

[0022] The extracted real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is subjected to safety specification verification. If the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command does not meet the safety specification verification requirements, the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is adjusted and corrected.

[0023] Furthermore, the method for smoothly switching sub-array box-type transformers of a photovoltaic power station without load according to the present invention, step S104 comprises:

[0024] Parse the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, and identify the photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command according to the parsing result. The photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command includes matching and confirmation of equipment number, equipment type, and equipment location;

[0025] The parsed real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment. After the switching operation is executed, the switching feedback data is obtained from the photovoltaic power station equipment. The switching feedback data includes the equipment status, switching results and operating parameters;

[0026] The obtained PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment switching feedback data is subjected to a variable stable no-load stability test, and the variable stable no-load stability test includes monitoring and data analysis of the PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment voltage, PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment current, and PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment power.

[0027] Furthermore, the method for smoothly switching sub-array box-type transformers of a photovoltaic power station without load according to the present invention, step S104 comprises:

[0028] Confirm whether the equipment has correctly responded to the switching command and is in the expected working state. Check whether the equipment is online and operating normally by monitoring the real-time data of the system.

[0029] Confirm whether the switching operation has been performed correctly based on the feedback data. The switching operation includes checking parameters such as switch status and current flow direction to verify whether the equipment has been switched as expected;

[0030] If the PV power station contains multiple sub-array box-type transformers, the success rate of switching operations is counted;

[0031] Monitor the voltage changes before and after the switching operation, check whether the current of each phase is balanced, and check whether the power factor remains within a reasonable range after the switching operation. Compare and analyze the feedback data obtained with the data before switching to evaluate the impact of the switching operation on system performance.

[0032] Furthermore, the method for smoothly switching sub-array box-type transformers of a photovoltaic power station without load according to the present invention, step S105 comprises:

[0033] Perform numerical analysis on the stability test results, compare the stability test results with the preset stable and steady numerical range, and determine whether the stability of the current system meets the preset standards;

[0034] If the stability test result meets the preset stable and steady value range, the current system stability is good and the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command can continue to be executed;

[0035] If the stability test result does not meet the preset stable and steady value range, there is a problem with the stability of the current system, and the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command needs to be optimized;

[0036] After optimizing the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, an optimized photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is obtained, and the optimized photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command replaces the original real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command as the updated photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command;

[0037] The updated photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution.

[0038] Furthermore, the method for smoothly switching sub-array box-type transformers of a photovoltaic power station without load according to the present invention, step S105 comprises:

[0039] Determine the optimization target, which includes minimizing voltage fluctuation, current imbalance or power loss. Use binary code to represent the switching execution command, where each bit represents the switching state of a sub-array box transformer. The switching state of the sub-array box transformer includes 0 for disconnection and 1 for connection.

[0040] A set of switching execution commands is randomly generated as the initial population, each command is a potential solution, including a set of switching states of sub-array box transformers;

[0041] For each switching execution command, the preset stability detection model is used to evaluate its fitness, which is calculated based on voltage stability, current balance, and power factor indicators;

[0042] According to the fitness value, the selection operation is used to select excellent individuals from the current population as parents for subsequent crossover and mutation operations;

[0043] Perform a crossover operation on the selected parent individuals to generate new offspring individuals, and perform a mutation operation on the offspring individuals.

[0044] Through crossover and mutation operations, a new population is generated, and each individual in the new population is an optimized switching execution command;

[0045] The evaluation phase and the evolution phase are repeated until the preset number of iterations is reached or the optimization goal is met;

[0046] After the iteration, the individual with the highest fitness is selected from the final population as the optimal solution, that is, the optimized real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0048] Improve operation and maintenance efficiency:

[0049] The present invention realizes the automatic management of stable no-load switching of photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformers by means of automation and intelligence. Compared with the traditional manual operation and maintenance mode, this method significantly improves the operation and maintenance efficiency and reduces the labor cost.

[0050] The switching risk prediction model is introduced to quantitatively evaluate the risks of switching operations based on the operating data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array boxes. This method is more objective and accurate than traditional empirical judgment, and helps to identify and reduce risks in the switching process in advance.

[0051] By real-time monitoring of the operating status and feedback data of photovoltaic power station equipment and performing stable no-load stability detection, the present invention can ensure the stability of the system after switching operations. If it is found that the stability does not meet the preset standard, the optimization steps will be automatically executed to further ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0052] The present invention realizes refined management of switching operations of sub-array boxes of photovoltaic power stations through precise data collection and analysis combined with optimization of switching execution commands. The refined operation and maintenance method helps to maximize the power generation efficiency and economic benefits of photovoltaic power stations.

[0053] By optimizing the switching strategy and executing commands, the present invention reduces downtime and losses caused by improper switching operation or equipment failure, and improves the overall performance and economic benefits of the photovoltaic power station.

[0054] The knowledge base and optimization algorithm constructed by the present invention can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual operation conditions and equipment characteristics of the photovoltaic power station, so that the system can adapt to different operating conditions and changes, and improve the adaptability and flexibility of the system.

[0055] In summary, the method for smooth no-load switching of sub-array box-type transformers in photovoltaic power stations of the present invention effectively improves operation and maintenance efficiency, reduces switching risks, ensures system stability, realizes refined operation and maintenance, improves overall performance and economic benefits, and enhances the adaptability of the system by introducing intelligent and automated means, thus providing a strong guarantee for the long-term reliable operation of photovoltaic power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for smoothly switching a photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer at no-load is provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0059] In order to better understand the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail below.

[0060] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for smoothly switching a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer without load, comprising:

[0061] Step S101, obtaining the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box includes the operation voltage of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation current of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation power factor of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, and the operation temperature of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box;

[0062] Step S101 is a basic step of the method for smoothly switching on and off the sub-array box-type transformer of the entire photovoltaic power station, and involves obtaining key operating data of the sub-array box-type transformer of the photovoltaic power station.

[0063] The operating voltage of the sub-array box of a photovoltaic power station is an important indicator for measuring the voltage level in the power system.

[0064] PV power station sub-array box operating current: Current is the basic measurement of power transmission. Understanding the magnitude and direction of current helps to determine the working status and load conditions of the equipment. Abnormal current refers to problems such as equipment failure or overload.

[0065] The power factor of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box: The power factor is a parameter that measures the ratio of active power to apparent power in the power system. It reflects the degree to which the apparent power output of the power supply is effectively utilized. A high power factor means that the utilization efficiency of electric energy in the power system is high, and it also helps to reduce line losses and improve the stability of the power grid.

[0066] PV power station sub-array box operating temperature: Temperature is one of the important factors affecting the performance and life of electrical equipment. Excessive temperature may cause equipment overheating, reduced insulation performance, and even fire and other safety accidents.

[0067] Step S102, substituting the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box into a preset switching risk prediction model to obtain a switching risk prediction result of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box;

[0068] Step S102 is one of the core steps in the method for smooth no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer, which involves applying actual operation data to a prediction model to assess the risk of switching operations. The specific process is as follows:

[0069] First, the real-time operating data collected from the PV power station sub-array boxes, including operating voltage, operating current, operating power factor, and operating temperature, will be sorted and prepared for model input, reflecting the current operating status of the PV power station sub-array boxes.

[0070] Before step S102, a switching risk prediction model has been constructed based on historical operating data (also including parameters such as voltage, current, power factor and temperature) using a machine learning algorithm or a statistical method. The switching risk prediction model can capture the complex relationship between various operating parameters and switching risks.

[0071] The real-time collected operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box is used as input and substituted into the established switching risk prediction model. These data will be used as input features of the model to calculate the switching risk.

[0072] After receiving the input data, the switching risk prediction model will perform internal calculations to assess the possible risks of switching operations under the current operating status.

[0073] After the model calculation is completed, a prediction result indicating the risk of switching on and off of the sub-array boxes of the photovoltaic power station will be output. This result may be a specific value (indicating the size of the risk) or a risk level or category.

[0074] Through step S102, the present invention can quantitatively evaluate potential risks before switching operations, thereby providing a basis for subsequent decision-making. This data-based prediction method is more objective and accurate than traditional empirical judgment, which helps to reduce the risks of switching operations and improve operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0075] Step S103, matching the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result with the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command in a preset knowledge base, and obtaining the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result;

[0076] Step S103 is one of the key steps in the method for smooth no-load switching of photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformers. It is responsible for matching the switching risk prediction results with the preset knowledge base, so as to obtain the corresponding real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command. The following is a detailed explanation of this step:

[0077] Prior to this step, a preset knowledge base has been established. The knowledge base contains the mapping relationship between the risk prediction results of the switching of the sub-array boxes of the photovoltaic power station and the corresponding switching execution commands. The knowledge base may be constructed through historical data analysis, expert experience summary, or a combination of the two.

[0078] The risk prediction result of the switching operation obtained in step S102 is used as a query condition and input into the knowledge base for matching. The matching process may involve various methods such as numerical range comparison and classification label matching. For example, if the predicted risk belongs to a certain risk level or range, the knowledge base will return the switching execution command corresponding to the level or range.

[0079] According to the matching results, the real-time switching execution command of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box corresponding to the switching risk prediction result is extracted from the knowledge base. The execution command may include detailed information such as the specific switching operation (such as the operation instruction of the switch device), the operation object (such as the specific photovoltaic power station sub-array box or equipment) and the operation time.

[0080] The extracted real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command also needs to be verified by safety regulations. This is to ensure that the execution command complies with the safety operating procedures and the operation requirements of the power station to avoid potential safety risks.

[0081] If the verification result does not meet the requirements, the execution command may need to be adjusted or corrected until the safety specifications are met.

[0082] Step S104, parsing the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, obtaining the photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, sending the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution, obtaining the photovoltaic power station sub-array box photovoltaic power station equipment switching feedback data, performing a stable no-load stability test on the photovoltaic power station sub-array box photovoltaic power station equipment switching feedback data, and obtaining a stability test result;

[0083] Step S104 is the execution and feedback link in the method for stable no-load switching of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer, which involves the analysis, execution, data collection and stability detection of the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command. The following is a detailed explanation of this step:

[0084] First, the real-time PV power station sub-array box switching execution command is parsed. This step aims to clarify the PV power station equipment specified in the execution command, including the equipment number, type and exact location information. The parsing process ensures accurate understanding of the command and provides clear guidance for subsequent equipment operations.

[0085] The parsed real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment. After receiving the command, the equipment performs the switching operation according to the instruction. This process may involve the coordinated work of multiple devices, such as disconnecting or connecting circuits, adjusting voltage and current, etc.

[0086] After the equipment performs the switching operation, the switching feedback data is obtained from the photovoltaic power station equipment. This data usually includes the status information of the equipment, the results of the switching operation, and the operating parameters (such as voltage, current, power, etc.). The collection of feedback data is crucial to evaluate the effect of the switching operation, and it is the basis for subsequent stability testing.

[0087] The collected PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment switching feedback data is tested for stability. This testing process focuses on the stability of the system under no-load conditions. The main indicators may include voltage stability, current balance, and power factor. By monitoring and analyzing these indicators, the impact of switching operations on system stability can be evaluated.

[0088] Based on the results of the stability test, determine whether the system has reached the preset stability standard. If the stability test results meet the preset stable and steady value range, it is considered that the switching operation is successful and the system is in a stable state; if not, it is necessary to further analyze the reasons and take corresponding measures to make adjustments.

[0089] Through step S104, the present invention can realize real-time monitoring and feedback of the switching operation of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, ensuring the safety and stability of the switching process. At the same time, by collecting and analyzing feedback data, the switching strategy and execution command can be continuously optimized to improve the operation and maintenance efficiency and system performance.

[0090] Step S105, evaluating the stability detection result, if the stability detection result meets the preset stable and steady value, then continue to execute the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, if the stability detection result does not meet the preset stable and steady value, then optimize the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command to obtain the optimized photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, replace the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command with the optimized photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command as the updated photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, and send the updated photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution.

[0091] Step S105 is the feedback and optimization link in the method for stable no-load switching of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer. It determines whether to continue to execute the current switching execution command or to optimize the command before executing it according to the result of the stability detection. The following is a detailed explanation of this step:

[0092] First, a numerical analysis is performed on the stability detection result obtained in step S104, which involves comparing the detection result with a preset stable and steady numerical range to determine whether the stability of the current system meets the requirements.

[0093] The preset stable and steady value range is based on the design specifications, operating experience and safety standards of the photovoltaic power station to ensure that the system can maintain a stable operating state under various operating conditions.

[0094] If the stability test result meets the preset stable and steady numerical range, it means that the stability of the current system is good, so it can be decided to continue to execute the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command. If the stability test result does not meet the preset stable and steady numerical range, it means that there is a problem with the stability of the current system, and the switching execution command needs to be further optimized.

[0095] After determining that the switching execution command needs to be optimized, the system will generate new, more optimized commands based on preset optimization goals and algorithms. The optimization goals may include minimizing voltage fluctuations, current imbalance or power loss, etc. These goals are aimed at improving system stability and efficiency.

[0096] The optimization algorithm may adopt heuristic search algorithms such as genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization algorithms to continuously improve the switching execution commands through iterative calculations until the stability requirements are met.

[0097] The optimized photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command replaces the original real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command as the updated command. The updated command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution. During the execution process, the system will continue to monitor the operating status and feedback data of the equipment to ensure the smooth switching operation and the stability of the system.

[0098] Through step S105, the present invention can take timely measures to optimize and adjust when system stability problems are found, thereby ensuring the smooth switching operation of the photovoltaic power station subarray boxes and the stable operation of the system. The operation and maintenance method based on feedback and optimization not only improves the reliability and safety of the system, but also reduces downtime and losses caused by improper operation or equipment failure.

[0099] Specifically, the method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer according to the present invention, step S102 comprises:

[0100] The photovoltaic power station sub-array box operation data also includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation data, and the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation data includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation voltage, photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation current, photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation power factor, and photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation temperature; Step S102.2, using a machine learning algorithm or a statistical method, construct a switching risk prediction model based on the historical operation data. The model should be able to consider the complex relationship between various operating parameters and switching risks, and output a prediction result indicating the size of the switching risk.

[0101] The operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box is used as input and substituted into the established switching risk prediction model;

[0102] The switching risk prediction model performs internal calculations based on the input operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box and outputs the switching risk prediction results of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box.

[0103] Specifically, the method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to the present invention, step S103 comprises:

[0104] Accessing a preset knowledge base, the preset knowledge base includes a mapping relationship between a photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result and a corresponding switching execution command;

[0105] The switching risk prediction results of the photovoltaic power station sub-array boxes are used as query conditions and matched in the knowledge base. The matching process includes value range and classification label;

[0106] According to the matching results, the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command corresponding to the switching risk prediction result is extracted from the knowledge base. The real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command includes the switching operation, the operation object and the operation time. The operation object includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box and each device of the photovoltaic power station.

[0107] The extracted real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is subjected to safety specification verification. If the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command does not meet the safety specification verification requirements, the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is adjusted and corrected.

[0108] Specifically, the method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to the present invention, step S104 comprises:

[0109] Parse the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, and identify the photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command according to the parsing result. The photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command includes matching and confirmation of equipment number, equipment type, and equipment location;

[0110] The parsed real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment. After the switching operation is executed, the switching feedback data is obtained from the photovoltaic power station equipment. The switching feedback data includes the equipment status, switching results and operating parameters;

[0111] The obtained PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment switching feedback data is subjected to a variable stable no-load stability test, and the variable stable no-load stability test includes monitoring and data analysis of the PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment voltage, PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment current, and PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment power.

[0112] Specifically, the method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to the present invention, step S104 comprises:

[0113] Confirm whether the equipment has correctly responded to the switching command and is in the expected working state. Check whether the equipment is online and operating normally by monitoring the real-time data of the system.

[0114] Confirm whether the switching operation has been performed correctly based on the feedback data. The switching operation includes checking parameters such as switch status and current flow direction to verify whether the equipment has been switched as expected;

[0115] If the PV power station contains multiple sub-array box-type transformers, the success rate of switching operations is counted;

[0116] Monitor the voltage changes before and after the switching operation, check whether the current of each phase is balanced, and check whether the power factor remains within a reasonable range after the switching operation. Compare and analyze the feedback data obtained with the data before switching to evaluate the impact of the switching operation on system performance.

[0117] Step S104 is a key step in the method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer, which involves parsing and sending the switching execution command, collecting feedback data, and stability detection. The following is a detailed explanation of this step:

[0118] First, the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is parsed. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the specific photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the command, including the matching and confirmation of the equipment number, type and location, so that the command can accurately point to the target equipment.

[0119] The parsed switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment. After receiving the command, the equipment performs the corresponding switching operation. After the switching operation is executed, the switching feedback data is obtained from the photovoltaic power station equipment. These feedback data include key information such as the current status of the equipment, the results of the switching operation, and the operating parameters of the equipment.

[0120] The feedback data obtained is tested for no-load stability. This mainly includes real-time monitoring and data analysis of the voltage, current, and power of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box and its related equipment. By monitoring the changes in these key parameters, the impact of switching operations on system stability is evaluated.

[0121] Confirm whether the equipment has correctly responded to the switching command and is in the expected working state. This is usually achieved by monitoring the real-time data of the system to check whether the equipment is online and operating normally.

[0122] Confirm whether the switching operation has been performed correctly based on the feedback data, including checking key parameters such as switch status and current flow direction to verify whether the equipment has performed the switching operation as expected.

[0123] If a PV power station contains multiple sub-array box-type transformers, statistically analyzing the success rate of switching operations will help evaluate the switching performance and reliability of the entire system.

[0124] Monitor the voltage changes before and after the switching operation, and check whether the current of each phase remains balanced. After the switching operation, check whether the power factor remains within a reasonable range.

[0125] Comparing and analyzing the feedback data obtained with the data before switching helps to evaluate the impact of the switching operation on the overall system performance and provide data support for subsequent optimization.

[0126] Through the above steps, step S104 enables the accurate sending of the switching execution command and the correct response of the device, and at the same time evaluates the stability and performance of the switching operation through real-time monitoring and analysis of the feedback data, which provides important data support for subsequent optimization and adjustment.

[0127] Specifically, the method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer according to the present invention, step S105 comprises:

[0128] Perform numerical analysis on the stability test results, compare the stability test results with the preset stable and steady numerical range, and determine whether the stability of the current system meets the preset standards;

[0129] If the stability test result meets the preset stable and steady value range, the current system stability is good and the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command can continue to be executed;

[0130] If the stability test result does not meet the preset stable and steady value range, there is a problem with the stability of the current system, and the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command needs to be optimized;

[0131] After optimizing the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, an optimized photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is obtained, and the optimized photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command replaces the original real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command as the updated photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command;

[0132] The updated photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution.

[0133] Specifically, the method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station subarray box transformer according to the present invention, step S105 comprises:

[0134] Determine the optimization target, which includes minimizing voltage fluctuation, current imbalance or power loss. Use binary code to represent the switching execution command, where each bit represents the switching state of a sub-array box transformer. The switching state of the sub-array box transformer includes 0 for disconnection and 1 for connection.

[0135] A set of switching execution commands is randomly generated as the initial population, each command is a potential solution, including a set of switching states of sub-array box transformers;

[0136] For each switching execution command, the preset stability detection model is used to evaluate its fitness, which is calculated based on voltage stability, current balance, and power factor indicators;

[0137] According to the fitness value, the selection operation is used to select excellent individuals from the current population as parents for subsequent crossover and mutation operations;

[0138] Perform a crossover operation on the selected parent individuals to generate new offspring individuals, and perform a mutation operation on the offspring individuals.

[0139] Through crossover and mutation operations, a new population is generated, and each individual in the new population is an optimized switching execution command;

[0140] The evaluation phase and the evolution phase are repeated until the preset number of iterations is reached or the optimization goal is met;

[0141] After the iteration, the individual with the highest fitness is selected from the final population as the optimal solution, that is, the optimized real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command.

[0142] Step S105 is an optimization step in the method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer. When the stability detection result does not meet the preset stable and steady value range, the following optimization steps will be performed:

[0143] First, the optimization goals include minimizing voltage fluctuations, reducing current imbalance or reducing power loss. These goals are aimed at improving the system stability and efficiency during the switching process of the photovoltaic power station sub-array boxes.

[0144] Binary coding is used to represent the switching execution command, where each bit represents the switching status of a sub-array box transformer. For example, 0 indicates that the sub-array box transformer is in a disconnected state, and 1 indicates that the sub-array box transformer is in a connected state. This coding method simplifies the representation of the switching command and facilitates subsequent optimization processing.

[0145] A set of switching execution commands are randomly generated as the initial population. Each command represents a potential solution, including a set of specific sub-array box transformer switching states. Each individual in the population will be optimized in the subsequent evolution process.

[0146] For each switching execution command (each individual in the population), the preset stability detection model is used to evaluate its fitness. The fitness calculation is based on key indicators such as voltage stability, current balance, and power factor, which directly reflect the impact of the switching command on system stability.

[0147] According to the fitness value, the selection operation is used to select excellent individuals from the current population as parents. These individuals will be used to generate new offspring individuals in subsequent crossover and mutation operations.

[0148] The crossover operation is performed on the selected parent individuals to combine their genetic information and generate new offspring individuals. The crossover operation simulates the gene recombination process in biological evolution.

[0149] Perform mutation operations on offspring individuals to introduce new genetic mutations. Mutation operations increase the diversity of the population and help explore a wider solution space.

[0150] In the new population generated by crossover and mutation operations, each individual represents an optimized switching execution command, which is better than the original command in terms of voltage stability, current balance and power factor.

[0151] The evaluation phase and the evolution phase are repeated, that is, the fitness of individuals in the new population is continuously evaluated, and selection and evolution operations are performed according to the fitness. This process will continue until the preset number of iterations is reached or the optimization goal is met.

[0152] After the iteration, the individual with the highest fitness is selected from the final population as the optimal solution. This optimal solution represents the optimized real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command. This command achieves the best effect in minimizing voltage fluctuations, current imbalance and power loss.

[0153] Through the above optimization steps, the present invention provides an effective way to improve the system stability during the switching process of the sub-array boxes of the photovoltaic power station, ensuring the smooth switching operation and the long-term reliable operation of the photovoltaic power station.

[0154] The technical solution of the present invention effectively solves the challenges faced by traditional photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance methods in managing and maintaining large-scale photovoltaic power station sub-array box-type transformers in stable no-load switching equipment by introducing intelligent and automated means. The specific solutions are as follows:

[0155] The present invention first obtains the operating data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, which includes parameters such as voltage, current, power factor and temperature, etc. The operating data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box provides a basis for subsequent intelligent analysis and decision-making.

[0156] Using machine learning algorithms or statistical methods, a switching risk prediction model is constructed based on historical operating data. The switching risk prediction model can consider the complex relationship between multiple operating parameters and switching risks and predict the risk of switching operations. This step realizes risk assessment before switching operations and provides a scientific basis for intelligent decision-making.

[0157] Build a knowledge base that contains the mapping relationship between the switching risk prediction results and the corresponding switching execution commands. When the switching risk prediction results are obtained, the corresponding switching execution commands are automatically matched by querying the knowledge base. This process significantly improves the operation and maintenance efficiency and avoids the uncertainty and delay caused by manual intervention.

[0158] The matched switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for execution, and the feedback data after execution is obtained. The effect of the switching operation and the stability of the system are evaluated by performing a stable no-load stability test on the feedback data.

[0159] If the stability test result does not meet the preset standard, an optimization algorithm (such as a genetic algorithm) is used to optimize the switching execution command. The optimization process includes defining the optimization goal, encoding the switching command, generating the initial population, evaluating the fitness, selecting excellent individuals for crossover and mutation operations, etc. Through continuous iterative optimization, the optimal switching execution command that meets the stability requirements is found.

[0160] During the entire switching process, by real-time monitoring of the system's operating status and feedback data, potential problems can be discovered and handled in a timely manner. If system performance is affected or a failure occurs, the switching strategy or optimization command can be quickly adjusted based on the monitoring data to ensure stable operation of the system.

[0161] In summary, the present invention realizes the refined management and efficient operation and maintenance of the stable no-load switching equipment of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer by introducing intelligent and automated means. This process not only improves the operation and maintenance efficiency and reduces the risk of human error, but also significantly improves the overall stability and economic benefits of the photovoltaic power station.

[0162] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer, characterized in that: include: Step S101, obtaining the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box includes the operation voltage of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation current of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, the operation power factor of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box, and the operation temperature of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box; Step S102, substituting the operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box into a preset switching risk prediction model to obtain a switching risk prediction result of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box; Step S103, matching the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result with the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command in a preset knowledge base, and obtaining the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result; Step S104, parsing the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, obtaining the photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, sending the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution, obtaining the photovoltaic power station sub-array box photovoltaic power station equipment switching feedback data, performing a stable no-load stability test on the photovoltaic power station sub-array box photovoltaic power station equipment switching feedback data, and obtaining a stability test result; Step S105, evaluating the stability detection result, if the stability detection result meets the preset stable and steady value, then continue to execute the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, if the stability detection result does not meet the preset stable and steady value, then optimize the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command to obtain the optimized photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, replace the real-time photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command with the optimized photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command as the updated photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command, and send the updated photovoltaic power station subarray box switching execution command to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution.

2. The method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S102 includes: The photovoltaic power station sub-array box operation data also includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation data, and the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation data includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation voltage, photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation current, photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation power factor, and photovoltaic power station sub-array box historical operation temperature; Step S102.2, using a machine learning algorithm or a statistical method, constructing a switching risk prediction model based on the historical operation data, the model should be able to consider the complex relationship between various operating parameters and switching risks, and output a prediction result indicating the size of the switching risk; The operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box is used as input and substituted into the established switching risk prediction model; The switching risk prediction model performs internal calculations based on the input operation data of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box and outputs the switching risk prediction results of the photovoltaic power station sub-array box.

3. The method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S103 includes: Accessing a preset knowledge base, the preset knowledge base includes a mapping relationship between a photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching risk prediction result and a corresponding switching execution command; The switching risk prediction results of the photovoltaic power station sub-array boxes are used as query conditions and matched in the knowledge base. The matching process includes value range and classification label; According to the matching results, the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command corresponding to the switching risk prediction result is extracted from the knowledge base. The real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command includes the switching operation, the operation object and the operation time. The operation object includes the photovoltaic power station sub-array box and each device of the photovoltaic power station. The extracted real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is subjected to safety specification verification. If the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command does not meet the safety specification verification requirements, the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is adjusted and corrected.

4. The method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S104 includes: Parse the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, and identify the photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command according to the parsing result. The photovoltaic power station equipment corresponding to the photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command includes matching and confirmation of equipment number, equipment type, and equipment location; The parsed real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment. After the switching operation is executed, the switching feedback data is obtained from the photovoltaic power station equipment. The switching feedback data includes the equipment status, switching results and operating parameters; The obtained PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment switching feedback data is subjected to a variable stable no-load stability test, and the variable stable no-load stability test includes monitoring and data analysis of the PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment voltage, PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment current, and PV power station sub-array box PV power station equipment power.

5. The method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S104 includes: Confirm whether the equipment has correctly responded to the switching command and is in the expected working state. Check whether the equipment is online and operating normally by monitoring the real-time data of the system. Confirm whether the switching operation has been performed correctly based on the feedback data. The switching operation includes checking parameters such as switch status and current flow direction to verify whether the equipment has been switched as expected; If the PV power station contains multiple sub-array box-type transformers, the success rate of switching operations is counted; Monitor the voltage changes before and after the switching operation, check whether the current of each phase is balanced, and check whether the power factor remains within a reasonable range after the switching operation. Compare and analyze the feedback data obtained with the data before switching to evaluate the impact of the switching operation on system performance.

6. The method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S105 includes: Perform numerical analysis on the stability test results, compare the stability test results with the preset stable and steady numerical range, and determine whether the stability of the current system meets the preset standards; If the stability test result meets the preset stable and steady value range, the current system stability is good and the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command can continue to be executed; If the stability test result does not meet the preset stable and steady value range, there is a problem with the stability of the current system, and the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command needs to be optimized; After optimizing the real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command, an optimized photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is obtained, and the optimized photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command replaces the original real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command as the updated photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command; The updated photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command is sent to the corresponding photovoltaic power station equipment for switching execution.

7. The method for stable no-load switching of a photovoltaic power station sub-array box transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S105 includes: Determine the optimization target, which includes minimizing voltage fluctuation, current imbalance or power loss. Use binary code to represent the switching execution command, where each bit represents the switching state of a sub-array box transformer. The switching state of the sub-array box transformer includes 0 for disconnection and 1 for connection. A set of switching execution commands is randomly generated as the initial population, each command is a potential solution, including a set of switching states of sub-array box transformers; For each switching execution command, the preset stability detection model is used to evaluate its fitness, which is calculated based on voltage stability, current balance, and power factor indicators; According to the fitness value, the selection operation is used to select excellent individuals from the current population as parents for subsequent crossover and mutation operations; Perform crossover operation on the selected parent individuals to generate new offspring individuals, perform mutation operation on the offspring individuals, and generate a new population through crossover and mutation operations. Each individual in the new population is an optimized switching execution command. The evaluation phase and the evolution phase are repeated until the preset number of iterations is reached or the optimization goal is met; After the iteration, the individual with the highest fitness is selected from the final population as the optimal solution, that is, the optimized real-time photovoltaic power station sub-array box switching execution command.

Images