Advanced reactor core system and water replenishing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an advanced reactor core system and a water replenishing method, and belongs to the technical field of reactor equipment, the advanced reactor core system comprises a reactor core pressure system and at least two safety injection systems, and each safety injection system comprises a water replenishing mechanism and a water injection mechanism. The effect of automatically adjusting the flow is achieved through the multiple sets of water passing holes formed in the water outlet pipe in the water supplementing container from top to bottom, the flow of cooling liquid conveyed to the pressure container through the water supplementing container is better matched with the requirement, the water supplementing continuity is improved, the acting time of the water supplementing container is greatly prolonged, and therefore the system pressure is reduced, and the system safety is improved. It is ensured that the low-pressure water injection mechanism can be put into operation before the water supplementing container lacks water, namely, the input pressure of the low-pressure water injection pump is reduced, the structure is simple, the action time of passive injection is prolonged, dependence on an emergency power supply at the initial stage of an accident is reduced, and meanwhile the requirements for pump flow and a pressure head are reduced; and the reliability and economical efficiency of the safety injection system are obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reactor equipment, and in particular to an advanced core system and a water replenishment method. Background Art

[0002] After a loss of coolant accident occurs in a pressurized water reactor, its coolant flows out from the breach, resulting in a reduction in the amount of water in the core. The core is exposed and faces the risk of heating up, so a safety injection system is required to effectively submerge and cool the core. However, there is no main pipeline in an integrated reactor, which avoids a loss of coolant accident due to a large rupture in the main pipeline. Therefore, a loss of coolant accident can be dealt with by replenishing water, but the injection flow of the traditional core water replenishment tank is not controlled by pressure, and the flow will be emptied quickly. However, in fact, as the system pressure decreases, the injection flow demand also decreases with the decrease in the breach flow. It is difficult for a traditional core water replenishment tank to automatically adjust the flow according to the system pressure, and the water replenishment amount is difficult to match the demand. The water replenishment can last for a short time, the economy is poor, and the safety is low. The present invention proposes a new solution to the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome at least one of the above disadvantages, the present invention provides an advanced core system and a water replenishment method. The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention provides an advanced core system, comprising:

[0005] A core pressure system, the core pressure system comprising a pressure vessel and a core arranged in the pressure vessel, wherein a pressurizer is provided on the pressure vessel;

[0006] At least two safety injection systems, the safety injection system includes a water replenishment mechanism and a water injection mechanism, the water replenishment mechanism includes a water replenishment container, the pressure container is connected to the first end of the water replenishment container through an air pipe, and the pressure container is connected to the second end of the water replenishment container through a water outlet pipe; the water injection mechanism includes a water injection container, a water injection pump and a water injection pipe, and the water injection container is connected to the pressure container through the water injection pipe;

[0007] Wherein, a water hole is provided on the pipe wall of the part of the water outlet pipe inserted into the water replenishment container, and a plurality of the water holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the water outlet pipe.

[0008] In one possible implementation manner, at least two of the safety injection systems are relatively arranged on two sides of the core pressure system, and one of the safety injection systems includes at least one water replenishment mechanism and one water injection mechanism.

[0009] In one embodiment, the water inlet of the water outlet pipe is located inside the water replenishment container, and the water outlet pipe includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section connected end to end, the first pipe section is located inside the water replenishment container and is non-horizontally arranged, and the second pipe section is located outside the water replenishment container.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first pipe section is vertically arranged in the water replenishment container, and the first pipe section is provided with at least two groups of water holes in sequence from top to bottom, and the number of water holes in each group located on the same horizontal plane is at least two.

[0011] In one embodiment, along the length direction of the water outlet pipe located in the water replenishment container,

[0012] The intervals between two adjacent groups of water holes decrease from top to bottom; and / or,

[0013] The number of the water holes located on the same horizontal plane decreases from top to bottom; and / or,

[0014] The apertures of the water holes decrease from top to bottom.

[0015] In one possible implementation manner, a main pump is provided on the pressure vessel, and the connection point between the gas delivery pipe and the pressure vessel is located at the outlet of the main pump, or the connection point between the gas delivery pipe and the pressure vessel is located on the cylinder of the pressure vessel below the main pump;

[0016] The connection point between the water outlet pipe and the pressure vessel is located at the upper part of the cylinder of the pressure vessel, or the connection point between the water outlet pipe and the pressure vessel is located at the lower part of the cylinder of the pressure vessel.

[0017] In one possible implementation manner, a first isolation valve is provided on the gas transmission pipe, and a second isolation valve is provided on the water outlet pipe.

[0018] In one possible implementation manner, a water injection pump and a third isolation valve are provided on the water injection pipe, and the water injection pipe is connected to the water outlet pipe.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides a water replenishment method for an advanced core system, which is applied to the advanced core system described in any one of the first aspects, and the water replenishment method for the advanced core system comprises:

[0020] When there is a breach in the core pressure system, the isolation valve of the water replenishment mechanism is opened, and the steam in the pressure vessel enters the water replenishment container through the gas pipe. Under the action of pressure, the coolant in the water replenishment container is transported to the pressure vessel through the outlet pipe. When the liquid level in the water replenishment container continues to drop until it is lower than the water inlet of the outlet pipe, the coolant adjusts the flow rate through the water outlet on the wall of the outlet pipe.

[0021] Open the isolation valve of the water injection mechanism and start the water injection pump to transport the coolant in the water injection container to the pressure vessel through the water injection pipe.

[0022] In one possible implementation, when the pressure regulator detects that the pressure of the pressure vessel is lower than a first threshold, the water replenishment container delivers cooling liquid to the pressure vessel;

[0023] When the pressurizer detects that the pressure of the pressure vessel is lower than a second threshold, the water filling container delivers coolant into the pressure vessel, and before the coolant in the water replenishing container is emptied;

[0024] The first threshold is higher than the second threshold.

[0025] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: According to the content of the present disclosure, the advanced core system includes a core pressure system and at least two injection systems. The injection system includes a water make-up mechanism and a water injection mechanism. Through multiple groups of water holes arranged from top to bottom on the outlet pipe in the water make-up container, the function of automatically adjusting the flow rate is achieved, so that the coolant flow rate delivered from the water make-up container to the pressure vessel is more matched with the demand, the continuity of water make-up is improved, and the action time of the water make-up container is greatly extended, thereby reducing the system pressure, ensuring that the low-pressure water injection mechanism can be put into operation before the water make-up container is short of water, that is, the input pressure of the low-pressure water injection pump is reduced, the structure is simple, the action time of non-active injection is extended, and the dependence on emergency power supply in the initial stage of the accident is reduced. At the same time, the demand for pump flow and pressure head is reduced, and the reliability and economy of the injection system are significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In the accompanying drawings, the following are given by way of example and not limitation:

[0027] Figure 1 The overall structural diagram of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the core pressure system and water replenishment mechanism of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the core pressure system and water injection mechanism of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of the water replenishment mechanism of the present invention is shown.

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] 100. Breach; 1. Core pressure system; 2. Safety injection system; 3. Water replenishment mechanism; 4. Water injection mechanism;

[0033] 11. Pressure vessel; 12. Pressure stabilizer; 13. Main pump;

[0034] 31. Water supply container; 32. Air pipe; 33. Water outlet pipe; 34. Water hole;

[0035] 41. Water filling container; 42. Water filling pump; 43. Water filling pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the following detailed disclosure, these embodiments are fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention more clear and specific to those skilled in the art, the implementation methods described below are not limited to this. The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “front” and “back” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] When the reactor coolant flows out from the breach 100, the water content of the core is reduced, and the core is exposed and heated. Therefore, the safety injection system is required to effectively submerge and cool the core. The injection flow of the traditional core water tank is only affected by the liquid level of the core water tank, and the flow will be emptied quickly. However, in fact, as the accident progresses, the core decay heat decreases rapidly after the shutdown. On the other hand, as the system pressure decreases, the injection flow demand also decreases with the decrease of the flow of the breach 100. Therefore, if the injection rate of the core water tank is not controlled, the coolant in the water tank will be emptied quickly, and the injection time of the core water tank is short, which makes it difficult to cope with the long-term stage of the accident.

[0040] The first aspect of the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, an advanced core system is provided, including a core pressure system 1, the core pressure system 1 includes a pressure vessel 11 and a core arranged in the pressure vessel 11, and a pressurizer 12 is arranged on the pressure vessel 11; at least two injection systems 2, the injection system 2 includes a water replenishment mechanism 3 and a water injection mechanism 4, the water replenishment mechanism 3 includes a water replenishment container 31, the pressure vessel 11 is connected to the first end of the water replenishment container 31 through a gas pipe 32, and the pressure vessel 11 is connected to the second end of the water replenishment container 31 through a water outlet pipe 33; the water injection mechanism 4 includes a water injection container 41, a water injection pump 42 and a water injection pipe 43, and the water injection container 41 is connected to the pressure vessel 11 through the water injection pipe 43; a water hole 34 is opened on the pipe wall of a part of the water outlet pipe 33 inserted into the water replenishment container 31, and a plurality of water holes 34 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the water outlet pipe 33.

[0041] The advanced core system includes a core pressure system 1 and at least two safety injection systems 2. The safety injection system 2 includes a water replenishment mechanism 3 and a water injection mechanism 4. Through a plurality of water holes 34 arranged from top to bottom on a water outlet pipe 33 in a water replenishment container 31, the flow rate can be automatically adjusted, so that the flow rate of coolant delivered from the water replenishment container 31 to the pressure vessel 11 is more matched with the demand, the continuity of water replenishment is improved, and the action time of the water replenishment container 31 is greatly extended. Before the water replenishment container 31 is short of water, the low-pressure water injection mechanism 4 can be put into operation, that is, the input pressure of the low-pressure water injection pump 42 is reduced. The structure is simple, the action time of passive injection is extended, the dependence on emergency power supply in the initial stage of the accident is reduced, and the demand for pump flow and pressure head is reduced, so that different safety injection requirements at different stages of the integrated reactor loss of coolant accident are met, and the reliability and economy of the safety injection system 2 are significantly improved.

[0042] Among them, when the reactor coolant flows out from the breach 100, the water content of the core is reduced, and the core faces the risk of exposure and temperature rise. The water replenishment mechanism 3 provides an injection flow rate in the full pressure range. After the pressure of the core pressure system 1 is reduced, the water injection mechanism 4 provides an injection flow rate, thereby achieving a safe injection flow rate in the entire accident process. In the initial stage, the passive water replenishment mechanism 3 is used to inject into the pressure vessel 11 to achieve safe injection from high pressure to medium pressure, and the safe injection flow rate is gradually reduced to achieve a match between the safe injection flow rate and its demand. In the long-term stage of the accident, the active water injection mechanism 4 is used to inject into the pressure vessel 11 to achieve safe injection in the low pressure stage, which reduces the input pressure of the low-pressure water injection pump 42 and reduces the demand for emergency power supply in the initial stage of the accident, which is safer.

[0043] Among them, both ends of the water outlet pipe 33 are opened, the water inlet of the water outlet pipe 33 is located inside the water replenishment container 31, the water outlet of the water outlet pipe 33 is connected to the pressure vessel 11, and the water hole 34 is arranged on the side wall of the part of the water outlet pipe 33 inserted into the pressure vessel 11. The water inlet of the water outlet pipe 33 is lower than the initial liquid level line of the water replenishment container 31, so that the coolant in the water replenishment container 31 can enter the water outlet pipe 33 through the water inlet and be transported to the pressure vessel 11.

[0044] Among them, the number of water holes 34 is at least one and there is a height difference between them and the water inlet of the water outlet pipe 33. In the initial stage, the coolant in the water replenishment container 31 enters the water outlet pipe 33 through the water inlet and the water hole 34. When the liquid level line is lower than the water inlet, the coolant can only enter the water outlet pipe 33 through the water hole 34, which reduces the flow of the water outlet pipe 33, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the injection flow and extending the injection time.

[0045] Among them, the number of water holes 34 can be two, three or other integers. Multiple groups of water holes 34 can be arranged on the water outlet pipe 33 from top to bottom. Each group of water holes 34 is located on the same horizontal plane, and the number of water holes 34 located on the same horizontal plane is at least one.

[0046] Among them, when the liquid level line gradually decreases, the water holes 34 are exposed to the water surface one by one, and the flow rate gradually decreases. By setting the water holes 34 located at different horizontal planes, the longitudinal spacing between the water holes 34, and the number and aperture of the water holes 34, the effect of adjusting the injection flow rate can be achieved, thereby extending the injection time.

[0047] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 As shown, at least two safety injection systems 2 are arranged on two sides of the core pressure system 1 , and one safety injection system 2 includes at least one water replenishment mechanism 3 and one water injection mechanism 4 .

[0048] Among them, the injection system 2 includes a water replenishment mechanism 3 and a water injection mechanism 4. In the initial stage of the loss of coolant accident, the isolation valve of the water replenishment mechanism 3 is opened, and the coolant in the water replenishment container 31 enters the pressure vessel 11 through the outlet pipe 33 by the natural circulation driving force. When the liquid level line in the water replenishment container 31 is lower than the water inlet, the coolant only enters through the water hole 34 on the side, meeting the needs of regulating the safe injection of the coolant and the injection flow rate. In the long-term stage of the loss of coolant accident, when the coolant continues to leak from the breach 100, the liquid level in the pressure vessel 11 gradually decreases, the isolation valve of the water injection mechanism 4 is opened, and the water injection pump 42 is started to transport the coolant in the water injection container 41 to the pressure vessel 11, and the core water level in the pressure vessel 11 is restored to achieve the purpose of cooling the core.

[0049] There are at least two safety injection systems 2, which can greatly increase the duration of safety injection. When one of the safety injection systems 2 has a breach 100 or is damaged, another safety injection system 2 can be used to deal with a water loss accident.

[0050] Among them, at least two injection systems 2 can be arranged relatively to improve the uniformity of water injection to avoid high local temperature of the core.

[0051] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the water inlet of the water outlet pipe 33 is located inside the water replenishment container 31, and the water outlet pipe 33 includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section connected end to end. The first pipe section is located inside the water replenishment container 31 and is not horizontally arranged, and the second pipe section is located outside the water replenishment container 31.

[0052] It is understandable that a portion of the water outlet pipe 33 is located inside the water replenishment container 31 , that is, the first pipe section is located inside the water container, one end of the second pipe section is connected to the first pipe section, and the other end is connected to the pressure container 11 .

[0053] Among them, the first pipe section is located inside the water replenishment container 31 and is not arranged horizontally, that is, the first pipe section can be opened with water holes 34 at different heights to achieve the effect of lowering the liquid level line in the water replenishment container 31 and regulating the flow through the water holes 34.

[0054] Among them, the first pipe section and the second pipe can be a split structure and connected end to end, which is convenient for matching first pipes of different structures according to the safety injection requirements of different cores. The distribution of water holes 34 on the first pipe section can be adjusted, and the length of the first pipe can be adjusted to meet the safety injection requirements of different cores.

[0055] The first pipe and the second pipe may be an integrally formed structure.

[0056] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the first pipe section is vertically arranged in the water replenishment container 31, and the first pipe section is provided with at least two groups of water holes 34 from top to bottom, and the number of each group of water holes 34 located in the same horizontal plane is at least two.

[0057] Among them, the first pipe section can be vertical, or at least partially vertical, and at least two groups of water holes 34 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the vertical area, that is, there is a height difference between at least two groups of water holes 34, so that the flow rate can be adjusted to continue to decline at a relatively uniform speed during the continuous decline of the liquid level line in the water makeup container 31, so as to meet the needs of core injection and achieve the effect of continuous injection and cooling.

[0058] Among them, the number of each group of water holes 34 located on the same horizontal plane is at least two, which can enable the coolant in the water replenishment container 31 to enter the water outlet pipe 33 through the water holes 34 more evenly, ensuring that the flow entering the water outlet pipe 33 is stable and uniform.

[0059] In one possible implementation, Figure 4 As shown, along the length direction of the water outlet pipe 33 located in the water replenishment container 31, the intervals between two adjacent groups of water holes 34 decrease from top to bottom; and / or, the number of water holes 34 located in the same horizontal plane decreases from top to bottom; and / or, the apertures of the water holes 34 decrease from top to bottom.

[0060] Along the length direction of the water outlet pipe 33 located in the water replenishment container 31, that is, along the length direction of the first pipe section, the flow rate of the water replenishment mechanism 3 at different stages can be adjusted by adjusting the height difference of the water holes 34, the number of water holes 34 at the same height, and the aperture of the water holes 34.

[0061] Every time the liquid level of the water replenishment container 31 exposes a group of water holes 34, the flow of the water outlet pipe 33 will decrease, and the height difference between each group of water holes 34 can be used to adjust the interval time of the falling flow rate. Among them, when the longitudinal interval of each adjacent group of water holes 34 decreases from top to bottom, in the initial stage of the accident, the water replenishment container 31 will maintain a higher first flow rate for safe injection, and maintain it until the water holes 34 at the first height are exposed to the liquid surface, at which time the flow rate drops to the second flow rate, and maintain it until the water holes 34 at the second height are exposed to the liquid surface, at which time the flow rate drops to the third flow rate, and so on, until all the water holes 34 are exposed to the liquid surface, that is, the coolant in the water replenishment container 31 is emptied.

[0062] The longitudinal spacing between each adjacent group of water holes 34 decreases from top to bottom, and / or the number of water holes 34 located on the same horizontal plane may decrease from top to bottom, and / or the spacing between two adjacent groups of water holes 34 decreases from top to bottom.

[0063] In the initial stage of a loss of coolant accident, it is possible to maintain a relatively large flow rate for injection, injecting more coolant to achieve the effect of rapidly cooling the core. As the pressure in the pressure vessel 11 gradually decreases, the demand for coolant decreases. By setting at least one of the above three situations, it is possible to continuously reduce the flow rate and speed up the frequency of adjusting the flow rate reduction during the subsequent injection process, thereby further extending the passive injection time of the water replenishment mechanism 3.

[0064] In one possible implementation, Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the pressure vessel 11 is provided with a main pump 13, and the connection point between the air delivery pipe 32 and the pressure vessel 11 is located at the outlet position of the main pump 13, or the connection point between the air delivery pipe 32 and the pressure vessel 11 is located on the cylinder of the pressure vessel 11 below the main pump 13; the connection point between the water outlet pipe 33 and the pressure vessel 11 is located at the upper part of the cylinder of the pressure vessel 11, which is on the hot side of the cooling system; or the connection point between the water outlet pipe 33 and the pressure vessel 11 is located at the lower part of the cylinder of the pressure vessel 11, which is the descending section of the pressure vessel, and is on the cold side of the cooling system.

[0065] Among them, Figure 2 In the dotted part shown, the connection point between the air pipe 32 and the pressure vessel 11 can be located at the outlet of the main pump 13. At this time, the pressure of the air pipe 32 is affected by whether the main pump 13 is running. When the main pump 13 is running, there is a large dynamic pressure, which makes the water replenishment container 31 have a large injection pressure head. When the main pump 13 is not running, there is only static pressure caused by the density difference.

[0066] or Figure 2 In the solid line portion shown, the connection point between the gas pipe 32 and the pressure vessel 11 can be located on the cylinder of the pressure vessel 11 below the main pump 13, that is, located in the descending section of the core. At this time, the injection of the water replenishment container 31 is only affected by the liquid level of the water replenishment container 31, and the injection pressure head is only the static pressure caused by the density difference, which is not affected by the operation of the pump.

[0067] When the coolant in the pressure vessel 11 gradually flows out from the breach 100 , the liquid level in the pressure vessel 11 drops to a certain level. At this time, the liquid level is below the connection point between the gas pipe 32 and the pressure vessel 11 . The steam in the pressure vessel 11 enters the water replenishment container 31 through the gas pipe 32 , and the liquid in the water replenishment container 31 is injected into the pressure vessel 11 through the water outlet pipe 33 .

[0068] The injection point of the water outlet pipe 33 is connected at different positions to deal with different types of breaches 100. When the breach 100 occurs in the hot section, it is more advantageous to connect the injection point in the descending section, that is, Figure 2 In the dashed part shown, the connection point between the outlet pipe 33 and the pressure vessel 11 can be located below the main pump 13. After the injected coolant passes through the core, it flows out from the breach 100, taking away the heat of the core and ensuring the cooling effect. If the injection point is in the upper chamber at this time, the injected coolant may flow out directly from the breach 100, and the heat removal effect will be poor, so more injection flow rate is required.

[0069] When the breach 100 occurs in the cold section, it is more advantageous to connect the injection point to the upper chamber, which can ensure the cooling and flooding of the core and guarantee the cooling effect. If the injection point is in the descending section at this time, since the pressure in the upper chamber is slightly higher after the core produces gas, the injected water directly bypasses the descending chamber and flows out from the breach 100, which reduces the cooling capacity of the core.

[0070] It can be understood that the connection position between the air supply pipe 32 and the pressure vessel 11 and the connection position between the water outlet pipe 33 and the pressure vessel 11 can be set according to actual needs, and multiple pipelines can be set. According to actual conditions, diverters are set to select the air intake and water injection positions, and the preferred solution is selected to ensure the cooling effect.

[0071] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the gas delivery pipe 32 is provided with a first isolation valve, and the water outlet pipe 33 is provided with a second isolation valve.

[0072] When the pressure of the pressurizer 12 drops to a first threshold, the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are opened, and the steam in the pressure vessel 11 enters the water supply container 31 through the gas pipe 32 , and the coolant in the water supply container 31 enters the pressure vessel 11 through the water outlet pipe 33 .

[0073] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a water injection pump 42 and a third isolation valve are provided on the water injection pipe 43 , and the water injection pipe 43 is connected to the water outlet pipe 33 .

[0074] When the pressure of the pressurizer 12 drops to the second threshold value, the third isolation valve is opened, and the coolant in the injection container is pumped out by the injection pump 42 and enters the pressure container 11 through the injection pipe.

[0075] The second aspect of the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a water replenishment method for an advanced core system is provided, which is applied to the advanced core system of any one of the first aspects, and the water replenishment method for the advanced core system comprises:

[0076] S1: When there is a breach 100 in the core pressure system 1, the isolation valve of the water replenishment mechanism 3 is opened, and the steam in the pressure vessel 11 enters the water replenishment container 31 through the gas pipe 32. Under the action of pressure, the coolant in the water replenishment container 31 is transported to the pressure vessel 11 through the outlet pipe 33. When the liquid level in the water replenishment container 31 continues to decrease until it is lower than the water inlet of the outlet pipe 33, the coolant adjusts the flow rate through the water outlet on the wall of the outlet pipe 33.

[0077] S2: Open the isolation valve of the water injection mechanism 4 and start the water injection pump 42 to transport the coolant in the water injection container 41 to the pressure container 11 through the water injection pipe 43.

[0078] In one embodiment, when the pressurizer 12 detects that the pressure of the pressure vessel 11 is lower than a first threshold, the water replenishment container 31 delivers coolant to the pressure vessel 11; when the pressurizer 12 detects that the pressure of the pressure vessel 11 is lower than a second threshold, the water injection container 41 delivers coolant to the pressure vessel 11, and before the coolant in the water replenishment container 31 is emptied.

[0079] The first threshold is higher than the second threshold.

[0080] During the specific implementation process, this embodiment takes the first threshold value generally being in the range of 10MPa to 12MPa and the second threshold value generally being in the range of 2MPa to 6MPa as an example. Since the ranges of the first threshold value and the second threshold value are very different for different models, the first threshold value and the second threshold value can be set according to the specific situation.

[0081] In specific implementation, after the breach 100 occurs, the coolant sprays out from the breach 100, the pressure of the pressurizer 12 is reduced, the first isolation valve is opened, and the steam generated in the pressure vessel 11 enters the water supply container 31 through the gas pipe 32 under the action of buoyancy. The coolant in the water supply container 31 is injected into the pressure vessel 11 by gravity, thereby achieving safe injection in the initial stage of the accident. After the liquid level in the water supply container 31 is lower than the water inlet of the outlet pipe 33, the coolant in the water supply container 31 can only pass through the water hole 34 on the side of the outlet pipe 33, thereby achieving flow regulation. As the coolant continues to flow out from the breach 100, the pressure of the pressurizer 12 is further reduced. Before the coolant in the water supply container 31 is emptied, the third isolation valve is opened, and the water injection pump 42 is started to inject the coolant in the injection container into the pressure vessel 11, thereby achieving safe injection in the long-term stage of the accident. The present invention achieves the coping with the loss of coolant accident by designing the passive water replenishment mechanism 3 and the active water injection mechanism 4, thereby realizing the different injection requirements at different stages of the loss of coolant accident of the integrated reactor.

[0082] The pressurizer 12 is used to monitor the pressure change of the core. The pressurizer 12 maintains the water phase and the steam phase in the pressurizer 12 in a saturated state through the heater and the spray device, and keeps the pressure of the first circuit within the operating range. When there is a breach 100, the coolant leaks. When the pressure of the pressurizer 12 drops to a first threshold, the water replenishment signal is triggered, and the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are opened. When the pressure of the pressurizer 12 drops to a second threshold, the water injection signal is triggered, the third isolation valve is opened, and the water injection pump 42 is started.

[0083] This water replenishment method simplifies the loss of coolant accident response system, prolongs the action time of passive injection, reduces the dependence on emergency power supply in the initial stage of the accident, and reduces the demand for pump flow and pressure head, which can significantly improve the safety and economy of injection.

[0084] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0085] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0086] In view of the above detailed description, these and other changes can be made to these embodiments, and this written description includes the best mode embodiments to disclose the present invention. The scope of the patent obtained by the present invention is defined by the claims, which are not limited by the present disclosure, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and its conception of the present invention, is equivalent to or changes, and all are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An advanced core system, characterized in that: include: A core pressure system (1), the core pressure system (1) comprising a pressure vessel (11) and a core disposed in the pressure vessel (11), wherein the pressure vessel (11) is provided with a pressurizer (12); At least two safety injection systems (2), the safety injection system (2) comprising a water replenishment mechanism (3) and a water injection mechanism (4), the water replenishment mechanism (3) comprising a water replenishment container (31), the pressure vessel (11) being connected to a first end of the water replenishment container (31) via an air delivery pipe (32), and the pressure vessel (11) being connected to a second end of the water replenishment container (31) via a water outlet pipe (33); the water injection mechanism (4) comprising a water injection container (41), a water injection pump (42) and a water injection pipe (43), the water injection container (41) being connected to the pressure vessel (11) via the water injection pipe (43); Wherein, a water hole (34) is provided on the wall of the water outlet pipe (33) inserted into the water replenishment container (31), and a plurality of the water holes (34) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the water outlet pipe (33).

2. The advanced core system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the injection systems (2) are relatively arranged on both sides of the core pressure system (1), and one injection system (2) includes at least one water replenishment mechanism (3) and one water injection mechanism (4).

3. The advanced core system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water outlet pipe (33) is located inside the water replenishment container (31), and the water outlet pipe (33) comprises a first pipe section and a second pipe section connected end to end, the first pipe section is located inside the water replenishment container (31) and is non-horizontally arranged, and the second pipe section is located outside the water replenishment container (31).

4. The advanced core system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first pipe section is vertically arranged in the water replenishment container (31), and the first pipe section is provided with at least two groups of water holes (34) in sequence from top to bottom, and the number of each group of water holes (34) located on the same horizontal plane is at least two.

5. The advanced core system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Along the length direction of the water outlet pipe (33) located in the water replenishment container (31), The intervals between two adjacent groups of water holes (34) decrease from top to bottom; and / or, The number of the water holes (34) located on the same horizontal plane decreases from top to bottom; and / or, The apertures of the water holes (34) decrease from top to bottom.

6. The advanced core system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure vessel (11) is provided with a main pump (13), and the connection point between the gas delivery pipe (32) and the pressure vessel (11) is located at the outlet of the main pump (13), or the connection point between the gas delivery pipe (32) and the pressure vessel (11) is located on the cylinder of the pressure vessel (11) below the main pump (13); The connection point between the water outlet pipe (33) and the pressure vessel (11) is located at the upper part of the cylinder of the pressure vessel (11), or the connection point between the water outlet pipe (33) and the pressure vessel (11) is located at the lower part of the cylinder of the pressure vessel (11).

7. The advanced core system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas delivery pipe (32) is provided with a first isolation valve, and the water outlet pipe (33) is provided with a second isolation valve.

8. The advanced core system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water injection pipe (43) is provided with a water injection pump (42) and a third isolation valve, and the water injection pipe (43) is connected to the water outlet pipe (33).

9. A water replenishment method for an advanced core system, characterized in that: Applicable to the advanced core system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the water replenishment method of the advanced core system comprises: When a breach (100) occurs in the core pressure system (1), the isolation valve of the water supply mechanism (3) is opened, and the steam in the pressure vessel (11) enters the water supply container (31) through the gas pipe (32). Under the action of pressure, the coolant in the water supply container (31) is transported to the pressure vessel (11) through the outlet pipe (33). When the liquid level in the water supply container (31) continues to drop until it is lower than the water inlet of the outlet pipe (33), the coolant adjusts the flow rate through the water outlet on the wall of the outlet pipe (33); The isolation valve of the water injection mechanism (4) is opened, and the water injection pump is started to transport the coolant in the water injection container (41) into the pressure container (11) through the water injection pipe (43).

10. The water replenishment method for an advanced core system according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the pressure stabilizer (12) detects that the pressure of the pressure vessel (11) is lower than a first threshold, the water supply container (31) delivers coolant to the pressure vessel (11); When the pressure regulator (12) detects that the pressure of the pressure vessel (11) is lower than a second threshold, the water injection container (41) delivers coolant into the pressure vessel (11), and before the coolant in the water supply container (31) is emptied; The first threshold is higher than the second threshold.

Images