Breeding method of new recessive white feather chicken strain with black primary feather and application of new recessive white feather chicken strain

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method and application of a new recessive white feather chicken strain with black primary feather. Comprising the following steps: separating and identifying special cocks and hens with black newborn feathers and white feathers after adults from genetic resources of the Juzhou black-bone chickens, taking the special cocks and hens as parents for breeding a new strain, establishing a family, carrying out artificial insemination, collecting hatching eggs, and hatching to obtain a first filial generation; the primary feathers of the first filial generation chicks are black, the feathers of the first filial generation chicks are white after the first filial generation chicks are grown, and the new recessive white feather chick strain is obtained after closed subculture breeding for 3-4 generations. The new strain chicken breed bred by the method has unique strain characteristics: the newborn feather of the chick is black, the feather of the adult chick is white, and the new strain chicken breed has a remarkable anti-counterfeiting mark, is used for breeding a high-quality chicken commercial strain, and can effectively protect breeding materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding, and in particular relates to the breeding of a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken with black primary feathers and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are many local chicken breeds in my country. According to the "China Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources·Poultry" published in 2011, there are 107 breeds in total. Most of these breeds have the characteristics of beautiful appearance, tender meat, delicious meat taste, mellow soup and rich nutrition, but their growth rate is slow and the feed conversion rate is low.

[0003] Juzhou black-bone chicken is a newly discovered local chicken genetic resource in Rizhao City, Shandong Province. Its sexually mature individuals are mainly characterized by black feathers, black skin, black meat, black bones, black internal organs, black combs, black meat whiskers, single or double combs, partially hairy legs, and laying green or pink shell eggs. During the pure breeding and germplasm characterization of Juzhou black-bone chicken, a few special individuals with black feathers at birth and white feathers as adults were found, which is a rare type of feather color genetic variation.

[0004] There are multiple main effect genes and many modifying genes that determine the color of chicken feathers, which leads to different feather colors even if the main effect genes are the same for breeds with different genetic backgrounds. For example, the white feather trait of common recessive white-feathered chickens is controlled by the TYR (tyrosinase) gene, but a few Israeli recessive white-feathered chickens have smoky gray feather tips in their white feathers, and a few French recessive white-feathered chickens have yellow feather tips in their white feathers. The new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken described in the present invention has black feathers at birth, white feathers after sexual maturity, and is genetically stable. There are currently no reports of recessive white-feathered chicken strains containing this feature. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken and simultaneously provide a matching application method of the germplasm resources.

[0006] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) using sexually mature roosters and hens as candidate parents, collecting and incubating eggs after insemination to obtain the first generation, wherein the phenotype of the roosters and hens are both black feathers;

[0008] (2) The first generation chicks obtained in step (1) all have black feathers, and roosters and hens with white feathers after adulthood are selected for pure breeding to obtain the second generation;

[0009] (3) The second generation chicks obtained in step (2) all have black feathers, and the adult chicks all have white feathers. The obtained chickens are tested with the black-feathered chicken breed, and individuals with all black feathers in the offspring are selected to form a basic group, and closed-generation selection is performed to obtain a new recessive white-feathered chicken strain.

[0010] Among them, the hemp-feathered chicken variety can be Langya chicken, or other hemp-feathered chicken varieties can be easily obtained by technical personnel in this field.

[0011] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) Select roosters and hens from Juzhou black-bone chickens whose feathers are black when born and white when they grow up, and establish a family to breed the first generation;

[0013] (2) The first generation chicks obtained in step (1) have black feathers at birth and white feathers when they grow up. Select sexually mature male and female individuals with symmetrical body shape, healthy and lively, above average body weight and no genetic defects to form a basic group, conduct closed-generation breeding, and obtain a new strain of recessive white-feathered chickens.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for breeding a new breed of recessive white-feathered chicken with black primary feathers is provided. In step (1), the rooster and the hen among the selected parents are both Juzhou black-feathered chickens; Juzhou black-feathered chickens are local genetic resources in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, and their sexually mature individuals are mainly characterized by black feathers, black skin, black meat, black bones, black viscera, black comb, black meat beard, single comb or double comb, partially hairy legs, and laying green shell eggs or pink shell eggs, among which white skin individuals account for about 6% and white feather individuals account for about 10%.

[0015] According to a method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chickens with black primary feathers according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), 3 to 4 generations are continuously bred to obtain a new strain of recessive white-feathered chickens.

[0016] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken with black primary feathers is provided. The recessive white-feathered chicken obtained by breeding has the characteristics that the primary feathers of chicks are black, and the feathers are all white when they are adults. The chicken has white or black skin, a small body, and a compact structure. An adult rooster weighs about 1800 g, and an adult hen weighs about 1200 g. The chicken lays green-shell eggs or pink-shell eggs weighing 40 to 43 g. The chicken has tender meat and a rich egg aroma.

[0017] The present invention also provides application of the new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken obtained by the breeding method.

[0018] According to the application of the recessive white-feathered new chicken strain according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the recessive white-feathered new chicken strain obtained by breeding is used as the paternal line and matched with the maternal line of hemp-feathered or black-feathered chicken breeds, and all the offspring have black feathers.

[0019] According to the application of the recessive white-feathered new chicken strain according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the bred recessive white-feathered new chicken strain is used as the maternal line and matched with the paternal line of the hemp-feathered or black-feathered chicken breed, and all the offspring have black feathers.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The present invention uses Juzhou black-bone chicken, a local genetic resource in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, as the material, and uses roosters and hens with black feathers as parents. Through phenotypic selection, purification breeding, and closed succession, a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken is obtained. The obtained new strain is small in size, compact in structure, tender in meat, rich in egg flavor, and has a unique variety identification: the chicks have black feathers when they are born, and all feathers are white when they grow up. There is no report on recessive white-feathered chicken varieties with this feature.

[0022] At the same time, after the new strain obtained by the present invention is hybridized with hemp-feathered or black-feathered chicken breeds, the offspring are all black-feathered. The new strain obtained by the present invention enriches the diversity of existing white-feathered chicken breeds, and because it has a very significant anti-counterfeiting mark, it is used for the cultivation of high-quality chicken matching lines, which can better protect breeding materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a comparison of the feather colors of Juzhou black-bone chicken chicks and the new breed chicks of the present invention, wherein A is a Juzhou black-bone chicken chick; B is a new breed chick; C is a 14-day-old Juzhou black-bone chicken; D is a 14-day-old new breed chick;

[0024] Figure 2 The figure is a comparison chart of the feather colors of Juzhou black-bone chicken and the new strain chicken of the present invention at 42 days of age, wherein A is the Juzhou black-bone chicken at 42 days of age; and B is the new strain chicken at 42 days of age. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the present invention, the phenotype of the chicks is black feathers, which means that the chicks' down is mainly black, and the neck and abdomen are yellowish white; the phenotype of the adult chickens is black feathers, which means that the feathers of the whole body are black; the phenotype of the adult chickens is white feathers, which means that the feathers of the whole body are white.

[0027] Example 1 Cultivation of new strains of recessive white-feathered chickens

[0028] The method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chickens with black primary feathers of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) Select sexually mature roosters and hens with a symmetrical body shape, good health and above average weight from the genetic resources of Juzhou black-bone chickens. The feathers of roosters and hens are all black. After insemination by mixed sperm, collect and incubate the eggs to obtain the F1 generation;

[0030] (2) The F1 chicks obtained in step (1) have black feathers at birth, and a few of them begin to turn white at around 10 days of age, and all turn white at around 6 weeks of age. Healthy roosters and hens with white feathers are selected for pure breeding to obtain the F2 generation;

[0031] (3) The F2 generation chicks have black feathers when they are born, and all feathers are white when they grow up. Select male and female individuals with symmetrical body shape, healthy and lively, and sexually mature with average body weight or above to form a basic group, and then select and breed them in closed succession;

[0032] (4) After continuous breeding for 3 to 4 generations, a new breed of recessive white feather chickens was obtained.

[0033] The resulting new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken has black chicks at birth and white feathers when they grow up. The skin is white or black, the body is small and compact. The adult rooster weighs about 1800g and the adult hen weighs about 1200g. It lays green-shelled eggs or pink-shelled eggs weighing 40 to 43g. The meat is tender and the eggs have a strong aroma.

[0034] Statistics of adult weight and size of new strains

[0035] project Rooster hen Weight (g) 1798.5±198.6 1205.0±125.5 Body oblique length (cm) 17.3±0.71 16.2±0.75 Chest width (cm) 6.5±0.61 5.9±0.46 Chest depth (cm) 10.2±0.62 8.8±0.53 Keel length (cm) 11.5±0.77 9.2±0.62 Shin length (cm) 7.9±0.41 6.5±0.33 Shin circumference (cm) 4.0±0.32 3.8±0.2

[0036] The comparison diagram of Juzhou black-bone chicken and the new strain obtained by the present invention is as follows Figure 1 , 2 shown.

[0037] Example 2 Verification and application of the new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken of the present invention

[0038] The recessive white-feathered chicken strain roosters obtained by the breeding method of the present invention were artificially inseminated with hens of other black-feathered chicken breeds (such as Shouguang black chickens) at a ratio of 1:10, and the breeding eggs were collected for incubation. 560 chicks were hatched, all of which had black feathers, and the feathers of the adult chickens were also all black.

[0039] Black-feathered chicken breed (such as Shouguang black chicken) roosters and recessive white-feathered chicken breed hens obtained by the breeding method of the present invention were artificially inseminated at a ratio of 1:10, and breeding eggs were collected for incubation. 732 chicks were hatched, all of which had black feathers, and the feathers of the adult chickens were also all black.

[0040] The recessive white-feathered chicken rooster obtained by the breeding method of the present invention and the hens of the nubile-feathered chicken breed (such as Langya chicken) were artificially inseminated at a ratio of 1:10, and the breeding eggs were collected for incubation. 1021 chicks were hatched, all of which had black feathers, and the feathers of the adult chickens were also all black.

[0041] Roosters of the nubby chicken breed (such as Langya chicken) and hens of the recessive white-feathered chicken breed obtained by the breeding method of the present invention were artificially inseminated at a ratio of 1:10, and the breeding eggs were collected for incubation. 483 chicks were hatched, all of which had black feathers, and the feathers of the adult chickens were also all black.

[0042] The recessive white-feathered chicken strain roosters obtained by the breeding method of the present invention and recessive white-feathered chicken (such as recessive white Rock chicken) hens were artificially inseminated at a ratio of 1:10, and the breeding eggs were collected for incubation, and 571 chicks were hatched, all of which were white-feathered.

[0043] A recessive white-feathered chicken (such as recessive white Rock chicken) rooster and a recessive white-feathered chicken hen obtained by the breeding method of the present invention were artificially inseminated at a ratio of 1:10, and the breeding eggs were collected for incubation, and 513 chicks were hatched, all of which were white-feathered.

[0044] The specific results are shown in the table below:

[0045] New strain feather color verification statistics table

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] By hybridizing the recessive white-feathered chicken strain obtained by the breeding method of the present invention with other black-feathered chicken breeds (such as Shouguang black chicken) and hemp-feathered chicken breeds (such as Langya chicken), the positive and negative cross offspring are all black feathered, and it can be inferred that the white-feathered chicken is a recessive white-feathered chicken homozygous for the black feather gene.

[0049] In actual production, the white-feathered chicken strain of the present invention is hybridized with other black-feathered chicken strains (such as Shouguang black chicken) and hemp-feathered chicken strains (such as Langya chicken), and the commercial generations are all black-feathered, but white-feathered individuals will appear in the self-breeding of the reserved seeds. Therefore, the application of the recessive white-feathered new strain of the present invention in production can well protect the breeding materials.

[0050] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken, characterized in that: The cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1) Separate special roosters and hens with black feathers at birth and white feathers when mature from Juzhou black-bone chicken or other chicken genetic resources, use them as parents for breeding new strains, establish families, carry out artificial insemination, collect breeding eggs and hatch them to obtain the first generation; (2) In the first generation of chicks obtained in step (1), the chicks have black feathers when they are born, and all have white feathers when they grow up; sexually mature male and female individuals with symmetrical body shape, good health and vitality, body weight above the average and no genetic defects are selected to form a basic group, and closed-generation succession breeding is carried out to obtain a new strain of recessive white-feathered chickens.

2. The method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), special roosters and hens with black feathers when born and white feathers when mature are isolated from Juzhou black-bone chickens or other chicken genetic resources, and a family is established to breed offspring.

3. The method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the requirements of step (2), 3 to 4 generations are selected and bred continuously to obtain a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken with stable genetic performance.

4. The method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the chicks of the new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken obtained have black feathers when they are born, and all their feathers are white when they grow up.

5. The method for breeding a new strain of recessive white-feathered chicken according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adult roosters of the obtained new strain of recessive white-feathered chickens weigh 1700-2000g, and the adult hens weigh 1000-1300g.

6. Application of the new recessive white-feathered chicken strain obtained by the breeding method according to claim 1 in poultry breeding.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The recessive white-feathered chicken new strain is used as a specialized paternal line and matched with a hemp-feathered or black-feathered chicken maternal line to obtain offspring with black feathers all over the body.

8. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The recessive white-feathered chicken strain is used as a specialized maternal line and matched with a hemp-feathered or black-feathered chicken paternal line to obtain offspring with black feathers all over the body.

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