Low-temperature rectifying tower

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature rectifying tower, and relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, the low-temperature rectifying tower comprises a tower body, a condensation circulating system arranged at the top of the tower body and a heat circulating system arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and further comprises a supporting column, a rectifying tower body, a rectifying tower cover and a rectifying tower cover, and the supporting column is supported at the central position in the tower body through a supporting frame; the tower plates are of hopper-shaped structures, the tower plates are arranged on the supporting column at intervals in the height direction of the supporting column, an opening of each tower plate faces the bottom of the tower body, a plurality of steam holes are formed in each tower plate, and a gap exists between the edge of each tower plate and the inner wall of the tower body; the baffle covers are in a hopper shape, the baffle covers are arranged between every two adjacent tower plates, through holes are formed in the centers of the baffle covers, gaps exist between the through holes and the supporting columns, the outer edges of the baffle covers are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the tower body, and the opening directions of the baffle covers face the top of the tower body. The heat and mass transfer efficiency of a gas phase and a liquid phase on the surface of the tower plate can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, and more particularly to a low-temperature distillation tower. Background Art

[0002] A distillation tower is a tower-type gas-liquid contact device for distillation. By utilizing the different volatilities of the components in the mixture, that is, the different vapor pressures of the components at the same temperature, the light components (low-boiling substances) in the liquid phase are transferred to the gas phase, while the heavy components (high-boiling substances) in the gas phase are transferred to the liquid phase, thereby achieving the purpose of separation.

[0003] However, distillation towers are divided into plate towers and packed towers, and the plates in existing plate towers are all flat structure plates. The flat structure plates make the contact area between the gas phase and the liquid phase larger to a certain extent, and cannot gather the vapor generated by evaporation in the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower. During the rising process of the vapor, it cannot efficiently transfer heat and mass with the liquid phase condensed at the top of the tower.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a low-temperature distillation tower that can improve the heat and mass transfer efficiency of the gas phase and the liquid phase during the countercurrent contact process between the gas phase evaporating from the liquid phase at the bottom of the tower and the liquid phase condensing at the top of the tower is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a low-temperature distillation tower, aiming to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology and improve the heat and mass transfer efficiency of the gas phase and the liquid phase during the countercurrent contact process between the gas phase evaporating from the liquid phase at the bottom of the tower and the liquid phase condensing at the top of the tower.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention provides a cryogenic distillation tower, comprising a tower body, a condensation circulation system arranged at the top of the tower body, and a heat circulation system arranged at the bottom of the tower body, comprising:

[0008] A support column, wherein the support column is vertically supported at a central position inside the tower body by a support frame arranged on an inner wall of the tower body;

[0009] There are multiple tower plates, each of which is a bucket-shaped structure, and the multiple tower plates are arranged on the support column at intervals along the height direction of the support column, and the opening of each tower plate faces the bottom of the tower body, and each tower plate is provided with multiple steam holes, and there is a gap between the edge of the tower plate and the inner wall of the tower body;

[0010] The deflector is bucket-shaped and is disposed between two adjacent tower plates. The center of the deflector has a through hole for the support column to pass through, and there is a gap between the through hole and the support column. The outer edge of the deflector is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body, and the opening direction of the deflector faces the top of the tower body. The deflector is used to receive the liquid on the tower plate above the deflector after heat exchange with the gas phase, and guide the liquid to the position of the tower plate below the deflector close to the support column.

[0011] According to the cryogenic distillation tower provided by the present invention, the condensation circulation system comprises:

[0012] A condenser, one end of which is connected to the top of the tower body, and the condenser is in communication with the interior of the tower body, and a first drain valve is provided on the condenser;

[0013] A condenser, arranged on the condenser pipe between the first liquid drain valve and the tower body;

[0014] A condensation reflux pipe, one end of which is connected to the condensation pipe located between the condenser and the first drain valve, and the other end of which passes through the tower body and extends to the interior of the tower body, and one end of the condensation reflux pipe extending to the interior of the tower body is located above the tower plate among the multiple tower plates close to the top of the tower body.

[0015] The low-temperature distillation tower provided according to the present invention also includes a collecting hood, which is fixed on the supporting column and is located above the tower plate among the multiple tower plates close to the top of the tower body. A guide hole is provided between the collecting hood and the supporting column, and one end of the condensation reflux pipe away from the condensation pipe is located above the collecting hood, and the collecting hood is used to collect and guide the liquid refluxed by the condensation reflux pipe.

[0016] According to the cryogenic distillation tower provided by the present invention, the thermal cycle system comprises:

[0017] a liquid discharge pipe, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the tower body, and the liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the interior of the tower body, and a second liquid discharge valve is provided on the liquid discharge pipe;

[0018] an evaporation pipe, one end of which is connected to the drain pipe between the tower body and the second drain valve, and the other end of which is connected to the interior of the tower body, wherein the position where the evaporation pipe is connected to the tower body is lower than the bottom of the tower plate among the plurality of tower plates close to the bottom of the tower body;

[0019] The reboiler is arranged on the evaporation tube.

[0020] The low-temperature distillation tower provided according to the present invention also includes an air guide pipe, one end of which is connected to the top of the support column, and the other end is connected to the top of the tower body, and the condenser is connected to one end of the air guide pipe close to the top of the tower body, and a plurality of air guide holes connected to the interior of the air guide pipe are arranged on the outer wall of the air guide pipe.

[0021] According to the cryogenic distillation tower provided by the present invention, the condensation circulation system further comprises a reflux device, and the reflux device is arranged on the condensing pipe between the condenser and the condensation reflux pipe.

[0022] According to the cryogenic distillation tower provided by the present invention, a third valve is provided on the condensation reflux pipe.

[0023] According to the low-temperature distillation tower provided by the present invention, the tower body comprises a tower body and a tower cover which are interlocked and connected.

[0024] It can be known from the above technical scheme that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a low-temperature distillation tower, in which a support column is arranged inside the tower body, a plurality of spaced tower plates are arranged on the support column, and a baffle fixed on the inner wall of the tower body is arranged between adjacent tower plates. The liquid at the bottom of the tower body forms a gas phase under the heating of the heat circulation system, and the gas phase is gathered through the bucket-shaped tower plate. The gas phase passes through the steam holes on the tower plate and transfers heat and mass with the liquid on the surface of the tower plate after the gas phase on the top of the tower body is condensed by the condensation circulation system. Since the tower plate is bucket-shaped, the liquid phase flowing through the upper surface of the tower plate is relatively thin, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the gas phase and the liquid phase on the surface of the tower plate. At the same time, the baffle can guide the liquid after the gas phase is condensed to the position of the top of the tower plate close to the support column, so that the liquid flows down from the four sides of the bucket-shaped tower plate, and heat and mass transfer between the gas phase and the liquid phase can also be carried out in the gap between the tower plate and the inner wall of the tower body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cryogenic distillation tower provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 The present invention provides Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 The present invention provides Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of C in the middle.

[0029] Among them: 1 is the tower body; 2 is the condensation circulation system; 21 is the condenser; 22 is the condenser; 23 is the condensation reflux pipe; 24 is the reflux device; 3 is the heat circulation system; 31 is the drain pipe; 32 is the evaporation pipe; 33 is the reboiler; 4 is the support column; 5 is the tower plate; 6 is the baffle; 7 is the support frame; 8 is the steam hole; 9 is the through hole; 10 is the first drain valve; 11 is the collecting cover; 12 is the guide hole; 13 is the second drain valve; 14 is the air guide pipe; 15 is the air guide hole; 16 is the third valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1-3 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a low-temperature distillation tower, including a tower body 1, a condensation circulation system 2 arranged at the top of the tower body 1 and a heat circulation system 3 arranged at the bottom of the tower body 1, and also includes: a support column 4, a tower plate 5 and a baffle 6.

[0032] The support column 4 is vertically supported at the center position inside the tower body 1 by a support frame 7 arranged on the inner wall of the tower body 1; specifically, in the present embodiment, the support frame 7 is preferably a support frame 7 structure formed by three support rods, and support frames 7 are arranged at both ends of the support column 4, so that the support column 4 is suspended on the axis inside the tower body 1, and an open structure is formed between adjacent support rods.

[0033] There are multiple tower plates 5, and the tower plates 5 are bucket-shaped structures. The multiple tower plates 5 are arranged on the support column 4 at intervals along the height direction of the support column 4, and the opening of each tower plate 5 faces the bottom of the tower body 1. Each tower plate 5 is provided with multiple steam holes 8, and there is a gap between the edge of the tower plate 5 and the inner wall of the tower body 1.

[0034] The deflector 6 is bucket-shaped, and a deflector 6 is arranged between two adjacent tower plates 5. A through hole 9 for the support column 4 to pass through is provided at the center position of the deflector 6, and there is a gap between the through hole 9 and the support column 4. The outer edge of the deflector 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1, and the opening direction of the deflector 6 is toward the top of the tower body 1. The deflector 6 is used to receive the liquid on the tower plate 5 above the deflector 6 after heat exchange with the gas phase, and guide the liquid to the position of the tower plate 5 below the deflector 6 close to the support column 4.

[0035] It should be noted that: the present invention is provided with a support column 4 inside the tower body 1, a plurality of spaced tower plates 5 are provided on the support column 4, and a baffle 6 fixed on the inner wall of the tower body 1 is provided between adjacent tower plates 5. The liquid at the bottom of the tower body 1 forms a gas phase under the heating of the heat circulation system 3, and the gas phase is gathered through the bucket-shaped tower plate 5, and passes through the steam holes 8 on the tower plate 5 and transfers heat and mass with the liquid after the gas phase on the top of the tower body 1 is condensed by the condensation circulation system 2 on the surface of the tower plate 5. Since the tower plate 5 is bucket-shaped, the liquid phase flowing through the upper surface of the tower plate 5 is relatively thin, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the gas phase and the liquid phase on the surface of the tower plate 5. At the same time, the baffle 6 can guide the liquid after the gas phase is condensed to the position of the top of the tower plate 5 close to the support column 4, so that the liquid flows down from the four sides of the bucket-shaped tower plate 5, and heat and mass transfer between the gas phase and the liquid phase can also be carried out in the gap between the tower plate 5 and the inner wall of the tower body 1.

[0036] In a further embodiment, the condensation circulation system 2 includes: a condensation pipe 21 , a condenser 22 and a condensation reflux pipe 23 .

[0037] One end of the condenser pipe 21 is connected to the top of the tower body 1 , and the condenser pipe 21 is communicated with the interior of the tower body 1 . The condenser pipe 21 is provided with a first liquid discharge valve 10 .

[0038] The condenser 22 is arranged on the condensation pipe 21 between the first drain valve 10 and the tower body 1 .

[0039] One end of the condensation reflux pipe 23 is connected to the condensation pipe 21 located between the condenser 22 and the first drain valve 10, and the other end passes through the tower body 1 and extends to the interior of the tower body 1, and the end of the condensation reflux pipe 23 extending to the interior of the tower body 1 is located above the tower plate 5 near the top of the tower body 1 among the multiple tower plates 5.

[0040] Among them, when the concentration of the light component substance in the condenser 21 reaches the required concentration, the liquid phase of the light component substance can be discharged and collected by opening the first liquid discharge valve 10. When the concentration of the light component substance in the condenser 21 is lower than the required concentration, the liquid in the condenser 21 flows back to the tower body 1 through the condensation reflux pipe 23 to continue distillation.

[0041] In a further embodiment, the cryogenic distillation tower of the present invention further comprises a collector 11, which is fixed on the support column 4, and the collector 11 is located above the tower plate 5 near the top of the tower body 1 among the multiple tower plates 5, and a guide hole 12 is provided between the collector 11 and the support column 4, and one end of the condensation reflux pipe 23 away from the condensation pipe 21 is located above the collector 11, and the collector 11 is used to collect and guide the liquid refluxed by the condensation reflux pipe 23. The setting of the collector 11 can collect the liquid refluxed back to the tower body 1 from the condensation reflux pipe 23, and flow it into the tower plate 5 below through the guide hole 12.

[0042] In a further embodiment, the heat cycle system 3 includes: a drain pipe 31 , an evaporation pipe 32 and a reboiler 33 .

[0043] One end of the drain pipe 31 is connected to the bottom of the tower body 1, and the drain pipe 31 is communicated with the interior of the tower body 1. The drain pipe 31 is provided with a second drain valve 13;

[0044] One end of the evaporation pipe 32 is connected to the drain pipe 31 between the tower body 1 and the second drain valve 13, and the other end is connected to the inside of the tower body 1. The position where the evaporation pipe 32 is connected to the tower body 1 is lower than the tower plate 5 close to the bottom of the tower body 1 among the multiple tower plates 5.

[0045] The reboiler 33 is provided on the evaporation tube 32 .

[0046] When the light components in the liquid to be distilled in the tower body 1 are completely distilled, the liquid of the heavy components is discharged by opening the second liquid discharge valve 13 on the liquid discharge pipe 31 .

[0047] In a further embodiment, the cryogenic distillation tower provided by the present invention further comprises an air guide pipe 14, one end of which is connected to the top of the support column 4, and the other end is connected to the top of the tower body 1, and the condenser pipe 21 is connected to the end of the air guide pipe 14 close to the top of the tower body 1, and a plurality of air guide holes 15 connected to the inside of the air guide pipe 14 are arranged on the outer wall of the air guide pipe 14. The arrangement of the air guide pipe 14 allows the vapor of the liquid at the bottom of the tower body 1 to be heated and evaporated, and the vapor phase enters the condenser pipe 21 through the air guide holes 15 after heat and mass transfer with the liquid phase material on the surface of the tower plate 5, and is condensed under the action of the condenser 22.

[0048] In a further embodiment, the condensation circulation system 2 further includes a reflux device 24 , which is disposed on the condenser pipe 21 between the condenser 22 and the condensation reflux pipe 23 .

[0049] In a further embodiment, a third valve 16 is provided on the condensation reflux pipe 23. By providing the third valve 16, the condensation reflux pipe 23 can be controlled, and when the liquid in the reflux device 24 reaches the desired concentration of the light component substance, the third valve 16 is closed, the first drain valve 13 is opened, and the liquid in the reflux device 24 is discharged.

[0050] In a further embodiment, the tower body 1 comprises a tower body and a tower cover which are interlocked and connected to each other, so that the tower body 1 can be easily disassembled and cleaned.

[0051] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A cryogenic distillation tower, comprising a tower body, a condensation circulation system arranged at the top of the tower body and a heat circulation system arranged at the bottom of the tower body, characterized in that: include: A support column, wherein the support column is vertically supported at a central position inside the tower body by a support frame arranged on an inner wall of the tower body; There are multiple tower plates, each of which is a bucket-shaped structure, and the multiple tower plates are arranged on the support column at intervals along the height direction of the support column, and the opening of each tower plate faces the bottom of the tower body, and each tower plate is provided with multiple steam holes, and there is a gap between the edge of the tower plate and the inner wall of the tower body; The deflector is bucket-shaped and is disposed between two adjacent tower plates. The center of the deflector has a through hole for the support column to pass through, and there is a gap between the through hole and the support column. The outer edge of the deflector is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body, and the opening direction of the deflector faces the top of the tower body. The deflector is used to receive the liquid on the tower plate above the deflector after heat exchange with the gas phase, and guide the liquid to the position of the tower plate below the deflector close to the support column.

2. The cryogenic distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation circulation system comprises: A condenser, one end of which is connected to the top of the tower body, and the condenser is in communication with the interior of the tower body, and a first drain valve is provided on the condenser; A condenser, arranged on the condenser pipe between the first liquid drain valve and the tower body; A condensation reflux pipe, one end of which is connected to the condensation pipe located between the condenser and the first drain valve, and the other end of which passes through the tower body and extends to the interior of the tower body, and one end of the condensation reflux pipe extending to the interior of the tower body is located above the tower plate among the multiple tower plates close to the top of the tower body.

3. The cryogenic distillation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a collecting hood, which is fixed on the supporting column and is located above the tower plate close to the top of the tower body among the multiple tower plates. A guide hole is provided between the collecting hood and the supporting column. One end of the condensation reflux pipe away from the condensation pipe is located above the collecting hood. The collecting hood is used to collect and guide the liquid refluxed by the condensation reflux pipe.

4. The cryogenic distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal cycle system comprises: a liquid discharge pipe, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the tower body, and the liquid discharge pipe is communicated with the interior of the tower body, and a second liquid discharge valve is provided on the liquid discharge pipe; an evaporation pipe, one end of which is connected to the drain pipe between the tower body and the second drain valve, and the other end of which is connected to the interior of the tower body, wherein the position where the evaporation pipe is connected to the tower body is lower than the bottom of the tower plate among the plurality of tower plates close to the bottom of the tower body; The reboiler is arranged on the evaporation tube.

5. The cryogenic distillation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an air duct, one end of which is connected to the top of the support column, and the other end is connected to the top of the tower body, and the condenser is connected to the end of the air duct close to the top of the tower body, and a plurality of air holes connected to the inside of the air duct are arranged on the outer wall of the air duct.

6. The cryogenic distillation tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The condensation circulation system further includes a reflux device, which is disposed on the condensation tube between the condenser and the condensation reflux tube.

7. The cryogenic distillation tower according to claim 6, characterized in that: The condensation reflux pipe is provided with a third valve.

8. The cryogenic distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body comprises a tower body and a tower cover which are buckled and connected to each other.

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