Automatic assembling equipment and method for hydraulic parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic part assembling, in particular to hydraulic part automatic assembling equipment and assembling method.The hydraulic part automatic assembling equipment comprises an assembling base and a material opening, the material opening is formed in the side face of the assembling base, and the hydraulic part automatic assembling equipment further comprises two arc-shaped openings symmetrically formed in the bottom of the assembling base; the supporting rods are arranged on the inner walls of the two arc-shaped openings. Compared with the prior art, the bottom plate is driven to rotate through stretching out and drawing back of the first air cylinder, conversion of the hydraulic cylinder between the horizontal state and the vertical state is achieved, feeding and discharging operation is facilitated, in the vertical state, a new to-be-assembled hydraulic cylinder can be automatically clamped through cooperation of a top clamping structure, a clamping rod and a clamping plate, the manual feeding step is simplified, and during discharging, the working efficiency is greatly improved. The elastic air bag is extruded by the supporting rod, limiting of the ratchet wheel and the pawl is relieved, then the clamping rod and the clamping plate automatically loosen the hydraulic cylinder, discharging is completed, manual intervention is not needed in the whole process, time and errors of manual operation are reduced, and production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic component assembly, and in particular to an automatic hydraulic component assembly device and an assembly method. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic parts are key components of hydraulic systems. They transmit force and motion through liquid pressure to achieve various mechanical actions and control functions. Hydraulic parts refer to all components used in hydraulic systems, such as hydraulic pumps, hydraulic motors, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic valves, and boosters.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent with publication number CN220680648U discloses a special equipment for assembling hydraulic cylinders, including a base, which is L-shaped, and a first clamp is slidably arranged on the upper end of the base, and a hydraulic cylinder is sleeved on the first clamp; a second screw is rotatably arranged in the vertical plate of the base, and a second movable plate is slidably arranged on the second screw, and a second clamp is slidably arranged on the upper end of the second movable plate, and the second clamp is coaxial with the first clamp; a transmission assembly is arranged between the second screw and the first clamp, and the second screw is connected to the first clamp through the transmission assembly. The piston rod is placed in the second clamp, and the second clamp fixes the piston rod; the second screw rotates through the transmission assembly to rotate the first screw, and the first clamp moves away from the hydraulic cylinder. In the process of fixing the hydraulic cylinder, the second screw moves the second movable plate downward, which can realize the rapid assembly of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod, saving time and improving assembly efficiency. However, when this solution is actually used, there are still the following shortcomings: During the assembly of large hydraulic cylinders, the hydraulic cylinders themselves have a considerable mass, which directly leads to the need to rely on hoisting operations to place them on the assembly tooling. Hoisting operations not only require precise operations to ensure safety, but also greatly increase the time cost of the entire assembly process. In addition, even if the hydraulic cylinder is successfully hoisted to the vicinity of the assembly position, precise alignment work is still required, which takes a long time.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a hydraulic parts automated assembly device and assembly method to meet the requirements of rapid clamping and loading and unloading of hydraulic cylinder assembly. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automated assembly device and method for hydraulic parts to solve the problem of low efficiency in lifting and loading and unloading of hydraulic cylinders.

[0006] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a hydraulic parts automatic assembly equipment, including an assembly seat and a material opening, wherein the material opening is opened on the side of the assembly seat, and further includes: Two arc-shaped openings are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the assembly seat; A support rod is arranged on the inner walls of the two arc-shaped openings; Cylinder 1 is rotatably mounted on the side of the assembly seat, and the telescopic end of the cylinder 1 is rotatably connected to the end of the support rod; A bottom plate, fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the support rod; Two rotating shafts are symmetrically rotatably mounted on the top surface of the bottom plate through brackets; Two connecting shells are respectively fixedly mounted on the sides of the two brackets, and the ends of the rotating shaft are located on the inner sides of the connecting shells; Two groups of limiting components are respectively arranged inside the two connecting shells and are used to limit the rotating shaft; Two clamping rods are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two rotating shafts; Two sets of top clamping structures are symmetrically arranged on the side of the assembly seat and located at the side of the material opening, and are used to clamp the clamping rod; Cylinder 2, fixedly mounted on the side of the assembly seat; A lifting and lowering plate, fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the second cylinder; Twist the sleeve to rotate the bottom surface of the lifting and lowering plate; A cap screwing assembly, arranged on the inner wall of the screwing sleeve, for tightening the hydraulic cylinder gland; Four groups of linkage components are arranged on the cap screwing component and are used to cooperate with the cap screwing component to clamp the gland; A driving mechanism, arranged on the lifting and lowering plate; The driving mechanism comprises: A transmission gear ring, fixedly sleeved on the top outer wall of the twisting sleeve; A driving gear is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting and pressing plate, and the driving gear is meshed with the transmission gear ring; The driving motor is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the lifting and compressing plate, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the driving gear.

[0007] Preferably, the limiting component comprises: A ratchet wheel, fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft; A torsion spring 1, mounted on the end of the rotating shaft; A transmission shaft is arranged through the side of the connecting shell, and the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the penetration point; A pawl, fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission shaft located on the inner side of the connecting shell, the pawl meshing with the ratchet wheel; Torsion spring 2, mounted on the transmission shaft The pressing mechanism is arranged between the transmission shaft and the arc-shaped opening.

[0008] Preferably, the pressing mechanism comprises: A transmission gear, fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission shaft located outside the connecting shell; A driving rack is slidably mounted on a side of the connecting shell, and the driving rack is meshed with the transmission gear; An elastic airbag 1 is fixedly mounted on the side of the connecting shell, and one end of the elastic airbag 1 is fixedly connected to the driving rack; Elastic airbag 2, fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the arc-shaped opening; The catheter is arranged between the elastic airbag 1 and the elastic airbag 2, and two ends of the catheter are respectively connected with the elastic airbag 1 and the elastic airbag 2.

[0009] Preferably, the top clamping structure comprises: A guide groove is provided on the side of the assembly seat and is located at the side edge of the material opening; A top plate, slidably mounted on the inner side wall of the guide groove through a guide block; Spring 1, fixedly mounted between the guide block and the inner wall opposite to the guide groove; A fixing plate, fixedly mounted on the side of the assembly seat at the end of the guide groove; Two electromagnets are respectively fixedly mounted on the side surfaces of the fixing plate opposite to the top plate.

[0010] Preferably, the side surface of the top plate is in contact with the side surface of the assembly seat, and the relative magnetic poles of the two electromagnets are opposite.

[0011] Preferably, the cap screwing assembly comprises: Two slide grooves are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the twisting sleeve; An annular housing is slidably mounted on the inner walls of the two slide grooves through a slider; Four sliding openings are arranged in a circular array on the bottom surface of the ring shell; Four slide plates are slidably mounted on the inner side walls of the four sliding openings respectively; Four springs 2 are respectively fixedly mounted between the side surfaces of the four slide plates and the inner wall of the slide opening; Four transmission racks are respectively fixedly mounted on the top ends of the four slide plates; Four limiting plates are respectively fixedly mounted on the bottom ends of the four slide plates.

[0012] Preferably, the side surface of the limiting plate is provided with anti-slip grooves, and the transmission rack is arranged at the side position of the slide plate.

[0013] Preferably, the linkage component comprises: A linkage gear is rotatably mounted on the inner bottom surface of the ring shell, and the transmission rack is meshed with the linkage gear; Two openings are respectively provided on the bottom surface and the top surface of the ring shell; Four connecting plates are distributed in a circular array and fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the annular shell through telescopic rods; A rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the top surface of the connecting plate through a mounting frame; A linkage rack is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod, and the linkage rack is meshed with the linkage gear; A torsion spring three, mounted on the end of the rotating rod; A linkage plate is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the linkage rack, and the linkage plate passes through the upper opening; A horizontal plate, fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the twisting sleeve; Two wedge blocks are respectively fixedly mounted on the ends of the transverse plate and the linkage plate, and the two wedge blocks are adapted to each other.

[0014] Preferably, a clamping plate is hinged on the top end of the clamping rod, and a fixing seat is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the lifting and pressing plate.

[0015] A method for automating the assembly of hydraulic parts, based on the above-mentioned automatic assembly equipment for hydraulic parts, comprises the following steps: Step 1: The bottom plate is in a vertical state, and the clamping rod is pushed by the top clamping structure to rotate the clamping rod through the rotating shaft. The clamping plate clamps the hydraulic cylinder body, and the cylinder is started to shorten, so that the bottom plate moves to a horizontal state. During the movement, the ratchet and the pawl are locked to ensure that the clamping angle of the clamping rod is fixed, and then prepare for assembly; Step 2: Start the second cylinder to drive the lifting and lowering plate to move downward, and assemble the hydraulic cylinder, piston plate and piston rod by pressing the fixed seat. After the lifting and lowering plate is in place, the ring shell is located at the top of the slide slot, and the sleeve is twisted to continue to descend. The cylinder cover is clamped by the limit plate, and the drive motor is started to drive the sleeve and the ring shell to rotate to tighten the cylinder cover. During the tightening process of the cylinder cover, the ring shell slides downward along the slide slot, and the linkage rack and the linkage gear are separated at the bottom. Under the action of the second spring, the slide plate slides in the opposite direction, the limit plate is separated from the cylinder cover, and the second cylinder is extended and reset; Step 3: After the hydraulic cylinder is assembled, start cylinder 1 to extend it, so that the bottom plate moves to a vertical state. The support rod squeezes elastic airbag 2, and the gas enters elastic airbag 1 through the conduit, driving the rack to slide and releasing the clamp rod limit. Under the action of torsion spring 1, the clamp rod reverses, and the clamp releases the hydraulic cylinder to complete the unloading.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. This type of hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment and assembly method, by setting a limit component and a top clamping structure, drives the rotation of the bottom plate through the extension and retraction of the cylinder, realizes the conversion of the hydraulic cylinder between the horizontal and vertical states, and is convenient for loading and unloading operations. In the vertical state, the top clamping structure and the cooperation of the clamping rod and the clamping plate can automatically clamp the new hydraulic cylinder to be assembled, simplifying the manual loading steps. When unloading, the elastic airbag is squeezed by the support rod to release the limit of the ratchet and the pawl, so that the clamping rod and the clamping plate automatically release the hydraulic cylinder to complete the unloading. The whole process does not require manual intervention, which reduces the time and error of manual operation and improves production efficiency.

[0017] 2. This type of hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment and assembly method, by setting a clamping rod and an electromagnet, the clamping rod is connected to the base plate through a rotating shaft and can be flexibly rotated to meet the clamping requirements of hydraulic cylinders of different sizes. The design of the clamping plate makes the clamping more stable to prevent the hydraulic cylinder from shaking or shifting during the assembly process. At the same time, the power-off and power-on control of the electromagnet can drive the top plate to slide along the guide groove, further realizing the squeezing of the clamping rod, and providing additional auxiliary force for the clamping of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0018] 3. This type of hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment and assembly method, by setting a cover screwing assembly and a linkage assembly, the ring shell in the sleeve can be sleeved on the cylinder head of the hydraulic cylinder, and the linkage assembly drives the limit plate to clamp the cylinder head, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the cylinder head during the assembly process. The driving motor drives the cylinder head to rotate by screwing the sleeve, thereby realizing automatic tightening of the cylinder head and improving assembly efficiency. The entire process does not require manual assembly tools for the cylinder head, thereby improving overall convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional partial cutaway structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the connection shell of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting and pressing plate of the present invention; Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section structure of the lifting and lowering plate of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-section structure of the twisting sleeve of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate and the linkage rack structure of the present invention; Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0021] The markings in the figure are: 1. Assembly seat; 2. Material opening; 3. Arc opening; 4. Support rod; 5. Cylinder 1; 6. Bottom plate; 7. Rotating shaft; 8. Connecting shell; 91. Ratchet; 92. Torsion spring 1; 93. Transmission shaft; 94. Ratchet; 95. Torsion spring 2; 96. Transmission gear; 97. Driving rack; 98. Elastic airbag 1; 99. Elastic airbag 2; 910. Catheter; 10. Clamping rod; 111. Guide groove; 112. Top plate; 113. Spring 1; 114. Fixing plate; 115. Electromagnet; 12. Cylinder 2; 13. Lift Pressure reducing plate; 14, twisting sleeve; 151, slide groove; 152, ring shell; 153, slide mouth; 154, slide plate; 155, spring two; 156, transmission rack; 157, limit plate; 161, linkage gear; 162, through mouth; 163, connecting plate; 164, rotating rod; 165, linkage rack; 166, torsion spring three; 167, linkage plate; 168, cross plate; 169, wedge block; 17, fixed seat; 181, transmission ring gear; 182, driving gear; 183, driving motor; 19, clamping plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment comprises an assembly seat 1 and a material opening 2, wherein the material opening 2 is opened on the side of the assembly seat 1, and further comprises: two arc-shaped openings 3, symmetrically opened on the bottom of the assembly seat 1; a support rod 4, arranged on the inner walls of the two arc-shaped openings 3; a cylinder 5, rotatably mounted on the side of the assembly seat 1, and the telescopic end of the cylinder 5 is rotatably connected to the end of the support rod 4; a bottom plate 6, fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the support rod 4; two rotating shafts 7, symmetrically rotatably mounted on the top surface of the bottom plate 6 through a bracket; two connecting shells 8, respectively fixedly mounted on the sides of the two brackets, and the ends of the rotating shafts 7 are located on the inner sides of the connecting shells 8; two sets of limiting components, respectively arranged inside the two connecting shells 8, for limiting the rotating shafts 7; two clamping rods 10, respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two rotating shafts 7, and the top ends of the clamping rods 10 are hinged with a clamping plate 19; two sets of top clamping structures, symmetrically arranged on the sides of the assembly seat 1 at the material opening 2 side position, used for clamping the clamping rod 10; cylinder two 12, fixedly mounted on the side of the assembly seat 1; lifting and lowering plate 13, fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of cylinder two 12, and a fixing seat 17 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting and lowering plate 13; twisting sleeve 14, rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting and lowering plate 13; cover screwing assembly, arranged on the inner wall of the twisting sleeve 14, used to tighten the hydraulic cylinder cover; four groups of linkage assemblies, arranged on the cover screwing assembly, used to cooperate with the cover screwing assembly to clamp the cover; driving mechanism, arranged on the lifting and lowering plate 13; the driving mechanism includes: a transmission gear ring 181, fixedly sleeved on the top outer wall of the twisting sleeve 14; a driving gear 182, rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting and lowering plate 13, and the driving gear 182 is meshed with the transmission gear ring 181; a driving motor 183, fixedly mounted on the top surface of the lifting and lowering plate 13, and the output end of the driving motor 183 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 182; When in use, in the initial state, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is located on the bottom plate 6 on the inner side of the assembly seat 1, and the bottom plate 6 is in a horizontal state. Starting the cylinder 2 12 can drive the lifting and lowering plate 13 to move downward, and the hydraulic cylinder, the piston plate and the piston rod are assembled through the pressing of the fixed seat 17. After the assembly is completed, the cylinder cover can enter the screwing sleeve 14 and drive the screwing cover assembly through the linkage assembly to clamp the cylinder cover of the hydraulic cylinder. Then, starting the drive motor 183 drives the transmission gear ring 181 and the screwing sleeve 14 to rotate through the drive gear 182, so as to realize the assembly of the cylinder cover. After the cylinder cover is assembled, the linkage assembly can make the screwing cover assembly loosen the cylinder cover so that the cylinder cover can be After the second 12 drives the lifting and lowering pressure plate 13 to reset and be used again, after the hydraulic cylinder is assembled, the cylinder 15 can be started to drive the support rod 4 to move along the arc-shaped mouth 3 so that the bottom plate 6 and the hydraulic cylinder thereon are in a horizontal state. With the use of the limit assembly, the clamping rod 10 and the clamping plate 19 can release the hydraulic cylinder for unloading. When the new hydraulic cylinder to be assembled enters between the two clamping rods 10 and the clamping plate 19 through the feeding device, the hydraulic cylinder can be clamped by the top clamping structure, and then the cylinder 15 can be shortened to drive the hydraulic cylinder to a vertical state, so that it can be assembled again. The working principle and connection method of the feeding device are existing mature technologies, which will not be elaborated here and are not shown in the figure.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the limit assembly includes: a ratchet 91, which is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 7; a torsion spring 92, which is mounted on the end of the rotating shaft 7; a transmission shaft 93, which is arranged through the side of the connecting shell 8, and the transmission shaft 93 is rotatably connected to the penetration; a pawl 94, which is fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission shaft 93 located on the inner side of the connecting shell 8, and the pawl 94 is engaged with the ratchet 91; a torsion spring 95, which is mounted on the transmission shaft 93 and is a pressing mechanism, and is arranged between the transmission shaft 93 and the arc-shaped opening 3; In the process of loading and unloading the hydraulic cylinder, when loading, the base plate 6 is in a vertical state, and the clamping rod 10 can be pushed up by the top clamping structure, so that the two clamping rods 10 can rotate through the rotating shaft 7 so that the clamping plate 19 clamps the hydraulic cylinder body. This direction is the locking direction of the ratchet 91 and the pawl 94, so the clamping angle of the clamping rod 10 can be fixed, and the hydraulic cylinder body can be clamped and fixed by the clamping plate 19. After the hydraulic cylinder is fixed, the cylinder 15 can be opened to shorten the rotating shaft 7 and the base plate 6 to move. After the base plate 6 is in a horizontal state, the cylinder 2 12 can be opened to assemble the hydraulic cylinder. After the assembly is completed, the cylinder 15 can be extended again. When the base plate 6 is in a vertical state, the pressing mechanism can release the limit of the ratchet 91 and the pawl 94. Under the action of the torsion spring 1 92, the clamping rod 10 can be reversed and reset, so that the clamping plate 19 is separated from the hydraulic cylinder, the limit on the hydraulic cylinder can be released, and unloading can be carried out directly.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the pressing mechanism includes: a transmission gear 96, fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission shaft 93 located outside the connecting shell 8; a driving rack 97, slidably mounted on the side of the connecting shell 8, and the driving rack 97 is meshed with the transmission gear 96; an elastic airbag 1 98, fixedly mounted on the side of the connecting shell 8, and one end of the elastic airbag 1 98 is fixedly connected to the driving rack 97; an elastic airbag 2 99, fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the arc-shaped opening 3; a catheter 910, arranged between the elastic airbag 1 98 and the elastic airbag 2 99, and the two ends of the catheter 910 are respectively connected to the elastic airbag 1 98 and the elastic airbag 2 99; When the hydraulic cylinder is assembled and unloaded, the cylinder 15 extends and drives the bottom plate 6 to rotate to a vertical state, and the support rod 4 can squeeze the elastic airbag 2 99 in the arc-shaped mouth 3, so that the gas in the elastic airbag 2 99 can enter the elastic airbag 1 98 through the conduit 910, and the elastic airbag 1 98 expands and drives the driving rack 97 to slide, and the driving rack 97 meshes with the transmission gear 96, thereby driving the transmission gear 96, the transmission shaft 93 and the pawl 94 to rotate, so that the pawl 94 is separated from the ratchet 91, and the limit of the rotating shaft 7 and the clamping rod 10 can be released. At this time, under the action of the torsion spring 1 92, the rotating shaft 7 and the clamping rod 10 can be reversed and separated from the hydraulic cylinder. Carry out unloading. After unloading is completed and the hydraulic cylinder to be assembled is refilled, the top clamping structure can be opened to drive the clamping rod 10 to rotate and clamp the hydraulic cylinder through the clamping plate 19. Then, the cylinder 15 is opened to shorten it. During the rotation of the bottom plate 6 to the horizontal state, the support rod 4 can first be separated from the elastic airbag 2 99. Under the action of the torsion spring 2 95, the transmission gear 96 can be reversed and squeeze the elastic airbag 1 98 through the driving rack 97, so that the gas re-enters the elastic airbag 2 99 for reuse. At this time, the clamping rod 10 has not yet separated from the top clamping structure, so the clamping rod 10 can maintain its angle, and as the pawl 94 engages with the ratchet 91, the clamping rod 10 is separated from the top clamping structure, and the angle of the clamping rod 10 remains fixed.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the top clamping structure includes: a guide groove 111, which is opened on the side of the assembly seat 1 and is located at the side of the material port 2; a top plate 112, which is slidably installed on the inner wall of the guide groove 111 through a guide block, and the side of the top plate 112 is in contact with the side of the assembly seat 1; a spring 113, which is fixedly installed between the guide block and the inner wall opposite to the guide groove 111; a fixed plate 114, which is fixedly installed on the side of the assembly seat 1 and is located at the end of the guide groove 111; two electromagnets 115, which are respectively fixedly installed on the sides opposite to the fixed plate 114 and the top plate 112, and the relative magnetic poles of the two electromagnets 115 are opposite; When the hydraulic cylinder is unloaded after assembly and a new hydraulic cylinder is loaded, the electromagnet 115 can be powered off, and the top plate 112 can slide along the guide groove 111 under the action of spring 113. The clamping rod 10 can be squeezed in the process of the two top plates 112 approaching each other, so that the clamping rod 10 rotates and clamps the hydraulic cylinder through the clamping plate 19. As the clamping rod 10 separates from the top plate 112, the electromagnet 115 is powered on again. Since the relative magnetic poles of the two electromagnets 115 are opposite, the top plate 112 slides back along the guide groove 111 under the action of magnetic adsorption and is reset so that it can be used again.

[0028] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the cover screwing assembly includes: two slide grooves 151, which are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the screwing sleeve 14; an annular shell 152, which is slidably installed on the inner wall of the two slide grooves 151 through a slider; four sliding openings 153, which are distributed in an annular array and arranged on the bottom surface of the annular shell 152; four slide plates 154, which are respectively slidably installed on the inner wall of the four sliding openings 153; four springs 155, which are respectively fixedly installed between the side surfaces of the four slide plates 154 and the inner wall of the sliding openings 153; four transmission racks 156, which are respectively fixedly installed on the top ends of the four slide plates 154, and the transmission racks 156 are arranged at the side positions of the slide plates 154; four limit plates 157, which are respectively fixedly installed on the bottom ends of the four slide plates 154, and the side surfaces of the limit plates 157 are provided with anti-slip patterns; During the assembly of the hydraulic cylinder in a vertical state, the cylinder 12 is turned on to drive the lifting and pressing plate 13 to descend and press the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the fixed seat 17. Then, the annular shell 152 in the sleeve 14 can be mounted on the cylinder head of the hydraulic cylinder. As the lifting and pressing plate 13 is in place, the annular shell 152 can be located at the top of the slide groove 151 and the limit plate 157 is driven by the linkage assembly to clamp the cylinder head, so that the drive motor 183 is turned on to drive the cylinder head to rotate by turning the sleeve 14 to achieve the tightening of the cylinder head.

[0029] like Figures 6 to 10 As shown, the linkage assembly includes: a linkage gear 161, which is rotatably mounted on the inner bottom surface of the ring shell 152, and the transmission rack 156 is meshed with the linkage gear 161; two through-holes 162, which are respectively opened on the bottom surface and the top surface of the ring shell 152; four connecting plates 163, which are distributed in an annular array and fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the ring shell 152 through telescopic rods; a rotating rod 164, which is rotatably mounted on the top surface of the connecting plate 163 through a mounting frame; a linkage rack 165, which is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod 164, and the linkage rack 165 is meshed with the linkage gear 161; a torsion spring 166, which is sleeved on the end of the rotating rod 164; a linkage plate 167, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the linkage rack 165, and the linkage plate 167 passes through the upper through-hole 162; a transverse plate 168, which is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the screwing sleeve 14; two wedge blocks 169, which are respectively fixedly mounted on the transverse plate 168 and the ends of the linkage plate 167, and the two wedge blocks 169 are adapted; In the process of screwing the sleeve 14 down, the cylinder head may first contact the connecting plate 163, and as the sleeve 14 is screwed down, the annular shell 152 may be pushed to the top of the slide groove 151. At this time, the sleeve 14 is screwed down to continue to lower the cylinder head to squeeze the connecting plate 163. When squeezing, the connecting plate 163 may move upward through the telescopic rod and drive the linkage rack 165 to move upward. The linkage rack 165 is meshed with the linkage gear 161, and then the linkage gear 161 may be driven to rotate. At the same time, the linkage gear 161 is meshed with the transmission rack 156, and the transmission rack 156, the slide plate 154 and the limit plate 157 may be synchronously driven to slide along the slide 153, so that the limit plate 157 can clamp the cylinder head. Subsequently, the driving motor 183 can be turned on to drive the screwing sleeve 14 and the annular shell 152 to rotate, so that the cylinder cover can be tightened. Since the cylinder cover is screwed to the hydraulic cylinder body, the annular shell 152 can be driven to slide downward along the slide groove 151 during the tightening of the cylinder cover. When the annular shell 152 slides to the bottom of the slide groove 151, the linkage plate 167 and the wedge block 169 at the end of the cross plate 168 can contact and drive the linkage plate 167 and the linkage rack 165 to rotate through the rotating rod 164, and the linkage rack 165 can be separated from the linkage gear 161. At this time, under the action of the second spring 155, the slide plate 154 can slide in the opposite direction, the limit plate 157 is separated from the cylinder cover, and the cylinder 12 is stretched to be reset.

[0030] A method for automating the assembly of hydraulic parts, based on the above-mentioned automatic assembly equipment for hydraulic parts, comprises the following steps: Step 1: The bottom plate 6 is in a vertical state, and the clamping rod 10 is pushed by the top clamping structure, so that the clamping rod 10 rotates through the rotating shaft 7, and the clamping plate 19 clamps the hydraulic cylinder body, and the cylinder 15 is started to shorten, so that the bottom plate 6 moves to a horizontal state. During the movement, the ratchet 91 and the pawl 94 are in a locked state to ensure that the clamping angle of the clamping rod 10 is fixed, and it is ready for assembly; Step 2: Start the second cylinder 12 to drive the lifting plate 13 to move downward, and assemble the hydraulic cylinder, piston plate and piston rod by pressing the fixed seat 17. After the lifting plate 13 is in place, the annular shell 152 is located at the top of the slide groove 151, and the sleeve 14 is twisted to continue to descend. The cylinder cover is clamped by the limit plate 157, and the drive motor 183 is started to drive the sleeve 14 and the annular shell 152 to rotate to tighten the cylinder cover. During the tightening process of the cylinder cover, the annular shell 152 slides downward along the slide groove 151. When it reaches the bottom, the linkage rack 165 is separated from the linkage gear 161. Under the action of the second spring 155, the slide plate 154 slides in the opposite direction, the limit plate 157 is separated from the cylinder cover, and the second cylinder 12 is extended and reset; Step 3: After the hydraulic cylinder is assembled, start the cylinder 5 to extend, so that the bottom plate 6 moves to a vertical state, the support rod 4 squeezes the elastic airbag 99, and the gas enters the elastic airbag 98 through the conduit 910, driving the rack 97 to slide, releasing the limit of the clamping rod 10, and under the action of the torsion spring 92, the clamping rod 10 reverses, and the clamping plate 19 releases the hydraulic cylinder to complete the unloading.

[0031] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention is limited to these examples. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0032] Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic assembly device for hydraulic parts, comprising an assembly seat (1) and a material opening (2), wherein the material opening (2) is opened on a side of the assembly seat (1), characterized in that: Also includes: Two arc-shaped openings (3) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the assembly seat (1); A support rod (4) is arranged on the inner walls of the two arc-shaped openings (3); Cylinder one (5) is rotatably mounted on the side of the assembly seat (1), and the telescopic end of the cylinder one (5) is rotatably connected to the end of the support rod (4); A bottom plate (6) fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the support rod (4); Two rotating shafts (7) are symmetrically rotatably mounted on the top surface of the bottom plate (6) via brackets; Two connecting shells (8) are respectively fixedly mounted on the sides of the two brackets, and the ends of the rotating shaft (7) are located on the inner sides of the connecting shells (8); Two sets of limiting components, respectively arranged inside the two connecting shells (8) and used for limiting the rotating shaft (7); Two clamping rods (10) are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two rotating shafts (7); Two sets of top clamping structures are symmetrically arranged on the side of the assembly seat (1) and located at the side of the material opening (2), and are used to clamp the clamping rod (10); Cylinder 2 (12) is fixedly mounted on the side of the assembly seat (1); A lifting and lowering plate (13) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the second cylinder (12); Twist the sleeve (14) to rotate it on the bottom surface of the lifting and lowering plate (13); A cap screwing assembly, arranged on the inner wall of the screwing sleeve (14) and used for tightening the hydraulic cylinder gland; Four groups of linkage components are arranged on the cap screwing component and are used to cooperate with the cap screwing component to clamp the gland; A driving mechanism, arranged on the lifting and pressing plate (13); The driving mechanism comprises: A transmission gear ring (181) fixedly sleeved on the top outer wall of the twisting sleeve (14); A driving gear (182) is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting and pressing plate (13), and the driving gear (182) is meshed with the transmission gear ring (181); The driving motor (183) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the lifting and pressing plate (13), and the output end of the driving motor (183) is fixedly connected to the driving gear (182).

2. The hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component comprises: A ratchet wheel (91) fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (7); A torsion spring (92) is sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft (7); A transmission shaft (93) is arranged to penetrate the side surface of the connection shell (8), and the transmission shaft (93) is rotatably connected to the penetration point; A ratchet pawl (94) fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission shaft (93) located on the inner side of the connecting shell (8), the ratchet pawl (94) meshing with the ratchet wheel (91); A second torsion spring (95) is mounted on the transmission shaft (93). The pressing mechanism is arranged between the transmission shaft (93) and the arc-shaped opening (3).

3. The hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism comprises: A transmission gear (96) fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission shaft (93) located outside the connecting shell (8); A driving rack (97) is slidably mounted on a side surface of the connecting shell (8), and the driving rack (97) is meshed with the transmission gear (96); An elastic airbag (98) is fixedly mounted on a side surface of the connecting shell (8), and one end of the elastic airbag (98) is fixedly connected to the driving rack (97); A second elastic airbag (99) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the arc-shaped opening (3); The catheter (910) is arranged between the elastic airbag 1 (98) and the elastic airbag 2 (99), and the two ends of the catheter (910) are respectively connected to the elastic airbag 1 (98) and the elastic airbag 2 (99).

4. The hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top clamping structure comprises: A guide groove (111) is formed on the side of the assembly seat (1) and is located at the side edge of the material opening (2); A top plate (112) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the guide groove (111) via a guide block; A spring 1 (113) is fixedly mounted between the guide block and the inner wall opposite to the guide groove (111); A fixing plate (114) fixedly mounted on a side surface of the assembly seat (1) at an end position of the guide groove (111); Two electromagnets (115) are respectively fixedly mounted on the side surfaces of the fixing plate (114) opposite to the top plate (112).

5. The hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side surface of the top plate (112) is in contact with the side surface of the assembly seat (1), and the relative magnetic poles of the two electromagnets (115) are opposite.

6. The hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cap screwing assembly comprises: Two slide grooves (151) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the twisting sleeve (14); An annular shell (152) is slidably mounted on the inner walls of the two slide grooves (151) via a slider; Four sliding openings (153) are distributed in an annular array and are opened on the bottom surface of the annular shell (152); Four slide plates (154) are slidably mounted on the inner side walls of the four sliding openings (153) respectively; Four springs 2 (155) are respectively fixedly mounted between the side surfaces of the four slide plates (154) and the inner wall of the sliding opening (153); Four transmission racks (156) are respectively fixedly mounted on the top ends of the four slide plates (154); Four limiting plates (157) are respectively fixedly mounted on the bottom ends of the four sliding plates (154).

7. The hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side surface of the limiting plate (157) is provided with anti-slip grooves, and the transmission rack (156) is arranged at the side edge of the slide plate (154).

8. The hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage components include: A linkage gear (161) is rotatably mounted on the inner bottom surface of the ring housing (152), and the transmission rack (156) is meshed with the linkage gear (161); Two openings (162) are respectively provided on the bottom surface and the top surface of the annular shell (152); Four connecting plates (163) are distributed in a circular array and fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the annular shell (152) via telescopic rods; A rotating rod (164) is rotatably mounted on the top surface of the connecting plate (163) via a mounting frame; A linkage rack (165) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod (164), and the linkage rack (165) is meshed with the linkage gear (161); A third torsion spring (166) is sleeved on the end of the rotating rod (164); A linkage plate (167) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the linkage rack (165), and the linkage plate (167) passes through the upper opening (162); A transverse plate (168) fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the twisting sleeve (14); Two wedge blocks (169) are respectively fixedly mounted on the ends of the transverse plate (168) and the linkage plate (167), and the two wedge blocks (169) are adapted to each other.

9. The hydraulic parts automated assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping plate (19) is hingedly connected to the top end of the clamping rod (10), and a fixing seat (17) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting and pressing plate (13).

10. A method for automating the assembly of hydraulic parts, based on the automating assembly equipment of hydraulic parts according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The bottom plate (6) is in a vertical state, and the clamping rod (10) is pushed by the top clamping structure, so that the clamping rod (10) rotates through the rotating shaft (7), the clamping plate (19) clamps the hydraulic cylinder body, and the cylinder 1 (5) is started to shorten, so that the bottom plate (6) moves to a horizontal state. During the movement, the ratchet (91) and the pawl (94) are in a locked state to ensure that the clamping angle of the clamping rod (10) is fixed, and then the assembly is prepared; Step 2: Start the second cylinder (12) to drive the lifting plate (13) to move downward, and press the fixed seat (17) to assemble the hydraulic cylinder, the piston plate and the piston rod. After the lifting plate (13) is in place, the annular shell (152) is located at the top of the slide groove (151), the sleeve (14) is twisted and continuously descended, and the cylinder cover is clamped by the limit plate (157). The drive motor (183) is started to drive the sleeve (14) and the annular shell (152) to rotate to tighten the cylinder cover. During the tightening process of the cylinder cover, the annular shell (152) slides downward along the slide groove (151). When it reaches the bottom, the linkage rack (165) is separated from the linkage gear (161). Under the action of the second spring (155), the slide plate (154) slides in the opposite direction, the limit plate (157) is separated from the cylinder cover, and the second cylinder (12) is extended and reset; Step 3: After the hydraulic cylinder is assembled, start the cylinder 1 (5) to extend, so that the bottom plate (6) moves to a vertical state, the support rod (4) squeezes the elastic airbag 2 (99), and the gas enters the elastic airbag 1 (98) through the conduit (910), driving the rack (97) to slide, releasing the limit of the clamping rod (10), and under the action of the torsion spring 1 (92), the clamping rod (10) reverses, and the clamping plate (19) releases the hydraulic cylinder, completing the unloading.

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