Dust suppressant as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a dust suppressant as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the dust suppressant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25-35% of cane molasses, 0.05-0.15% of a penetrant, 1.5-2.5% of a moisture absorbent, 1.5-2.5% of a water-retaining agent and the balance of water. The dust suppressant has the advantages that firstly, the main material of the dust suppressant is the by-product cane molasses in the sugar industry, the main material is low in price and wide in source, and more than 98% of the raw materials in the dust suppressant are environment-friendly materials, so that the dust suppressant has the advantage of being green and environment-friendly; and secondly, the dust suppressant can integrate the functions of bonding, wetting, moisture absorption, water retention and the like, can solidify dust, has good destructive power resistance, can effectively resist interference of external strong force and suppress the dusting phenomenon, and has an ideal dust suppression effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of open-pit coal mine environmental pollution control, and in particular to a dust suppressant and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mining is crucial to ensuring a stable supply of coal. However, severe dust pollution during open-pit mining has always been a companion problem of open-pit mining. Severe dust pollution will threaten the health of practitioners and will also affect the safety of mining operations. Among them, in open-pit mining production operations, dust on the transportation road surface in the mining area is one of the most important sources of dust pollution in open-pit mines, and its dust production accounts for 70% to 90% of the total dust production of the mine. Among them, the end road is relatively fixed in position, has a long service life, and is mostly unpaved rock and soil roads. It is very easy to produce dust under the rolling of heavy mining trucks. Therefore, it is of great significance to prevent and control dust on the end roads of open-pit coal mines.

[0003] At present, the most common method for suppressing road dust in most open-pit coal mines is water sprinkling. Water sprinkling can achieve a good dust suppression effect to a certain extent, but it is easy to evaporate in the open-air dry environment, the dust suppression time is short, and the open-pit mine road surface is simple. Frequent water sprinkling will further deteriorate the mine road, causing soil erosion, and further aggravating dust pollution. Chemical dust suppression has the effect of high efficiency and energy saving, but most dust suppressants cannot be mass-produced and put into practical application on the side roads of open-pit coal mines due to complex processes, high costs, poor universality or poor environmental friendliness. The problem of road dust has not yet been solved.

[0004] Therefore, in order to effectively solve the dust problem on the mining transportation road surface during coal mining, it is urgent to develop a cheap, efficient, green and environmentally friendly composite environmentally friendly dust suppressant for open-pit coal mine end roads. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust suppressant and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the dust problem on the transportation road surface in the mining area during coal mining.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a dust suppressant, which comprises, by weight percentage, 25-35% of sugarcane molasses, 0.5-1.5‰ of a penetrant, 1.5-2.5% of a hygroscopic agent, 1.5-2.5% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water.

[0007] Furthermore, the dust suppressant comprises, by weight percentage: 30-35% of sugarcane molasses, 0.5-1.5‰ of a penetrant, 1.5-2.5% of a hygroscopic agent, 2.0-2.5% of a water retaining agent, and the remainder being water; preferably, the sum of the weight percentages of the hygroscopic agent and the water retaining agent is 3.5-4.5%.

[0008] Furthermore, the water retaining agent is glycerol and / or butylene glycol.

[0009] Furthermore, the penetrant is an anionic surfactant.

[0010] Furthermore, the anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

[0011] Furthermore, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride and / or anhydrous magnesium chloride.

[0012] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing the above-mentioned dust suppressant, which comprises the following steps: S1, adding sugarcane molasses into water to dissolve it and adding a water retaining agent to mix to obtain a mixed solution A; S2, dissolving a penetrant and a hygroscopic agent in the remaining water to obtain a mixed solution B; S3, mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0013] Furthermore, the amount of water used in step S1 is 50% to 70% of the water content in the dust suppressant.

[0014] According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a use of the above-mentioned dust suppressant as a dust suppressant for mud-bound gravel pavement at the end of an open-pit coal mine.

[0015] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a dust suppression treatment method for an open-pit coal mine end mud-bonded gravel road surface is also provided, wherein the dust suppressant is sprayed on the open-pit coal mine end mud-bonded gravel road surface by a mining sprinkler truck, and a single spraying amount is 1.5-1.8 L / m 2 .

[0016] The present invention provides a dust suppressant for dust suppression on mud-bound gravel roads at the end of open-pit coal mines. The dust suppressant includes, by weight percentage: 25-35% sugarcane molasses, 0.5-1.5‰ penetrant, 1.5-2.5% moisture absorbent, 1.5-2.5% water retainer, and the balance is water. The dust suppressant has many advantages. First, the main ingredient of the dust suppressant is sugarcane molasses, a byproduct of the sugar industry, which is cheap and widely available, and more than 98% of the raw materials in the dust suppressant are environmentally friendly materials, which makes the dust suppressant green and environmentally friendly. Second, the dust suppressant can integrate the functions of bonding, wetting, moisture absorption and water retention, can consolidate dust, has good anti-destructive performance, can effectively resist strong external interference, suppress dusting, and has an ideal dust suppression effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0018] As described in the background technology section, the serious dust pollution problem in the open-pit mining process of coal resources will not only cause serious pollution to the environment, but also have a serious impact on the safety of mining operations and the health of employees. The dust production on the mine transportation road surface during open-pit mining accounts for 70% to 90% of the total dust production of the entire mine. Therefore, it is of great significance to prevent and control dust on the end roads of open-pit coal mines.

[0019] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a dust suppressant, which includes, by weight percentage: 25-35% sugarcane molasses, 0.5-1.5‰ permeating agent, 1.5-2.5% hygroscopic agent, 1.5-2.5% water retaining agent, and the balance is water. The present invention uses sugarcane molasses as the main bonding component of the dust suppressant, and helps the dust suppressant penetrate into the deep layer of road dust by adding a permeating agent, and adds a hygroscopic agent and a water retaining agent to enhance the hygroscopicity and water retaining property of the dust suppressant; sugarcane molasses, permeating agent, hygroscopic agent and water retaining agent are mixed with water, and each component is strictly controlled within the above-mentioned proportion range, so that each component in the dust suppressant can give full play to its own role, and each component can also cooperate with each other, further improving the comprehensive performance of the dust suppressant, so that the obtained dust suppressant can integrate the functions of bonding, wetting, hygroscopicity and water retention, and can also make the dust suppressant have good anti-destruction ability during use, thereby making it have an ideal dust suppression effect.

[0020] In particular, sugarcane molasses has good solubility and large bonding properties, and can be fully mixed with other components in the dust suppressant in water and act synergistically, so that the obtained dust suppressant not only has good bonding properties, but also has good wetting properties, hygroscopic properties and water retention properties, as well as good anti-destruction ability, so that the obtained dust suppressant has excellent comprehensive use performance. In addition, the sugarcane molasses in the dust suppressant of the present invention is a by-product of the sugar industry, and has the advantages of wide sources and low prices. Using it as an important raw material for the dust suppressant can make the obtained dust suppressant have both environmental friendliness and low cost characteristics, which is beneficial to mass production and large-scale use.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the dust suppressant includes, by weight percentage: 30-35% sugar cane molasses, 0.5-1.5‰ permeability agent, 1.5-2.5% hygroscopic agent, 2.0-2.5% water retaining agent, and the balance is water. The amount of each component added in the dust suppressant will affect the performance of the dust suppressant. Controlling each component in the dust suppressant within the above range can make the obtained dust suppressant have more excellent effects in terms of bonding performance, wetting performance, hygroscopic performance, water retaining performance, and anti-destruction ability. Preferably, the sum of the weight percentages of the hygroscopic agent and the water retaining agent is 3.5-4.5%. Controlling the sum of the weight percentages of the hygroscopic agent and the water retaining agent within the above range can make it better synergistic with components such as sugar cane molasses, and can further improve the above performance of the dust suppressant.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the water retaining agent is propylene glycol and / or butylene glycol. The water retaining property of the dust suppressant can enable the dust suppressant to maintain a certain moisture content during use, so that the dust suppressant can maintain good adhesion, dispersibility and weathering resistance. The present invention uses the above water retaining agent to further improve the above properties of the dust suppressant.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the penetrant is an anionic surfactant. Selecting an anionic surfactant as a penetrant can make it easier for the dust suppressant to penetrate deep into the road dust, making the dust less likely to fly, thereby further improving the effect of inhibiting dust diffusion. By way of example but not limitation, the anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and selecting the above type of anionic surfactant as a penetrant can make the dust suppressant have better comprehensive performance.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the hygroscopic agent is one or more of anhydrous calcium chloride and / or anhydrous magnesium chloride. Selecting the above specific types of hygroscopic agents is conducive to making the dust suppressant easily absorb moisture in the air during use, making the dust surface moist, increasing the friction between the molecules on the surface, and further improving the dust suppression effect.

[0025] In a more preferred embodiment, the dust suppressant comprises, by weight percentage: 35% cane molasses, 1‰ penetrant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 2% anhydrous calcium chloride, 2.5% glycerol, and the balance is water; or, by weight percentage, the dust suppressant comprises: 35% cane molasses, 1‰ penetrant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 1.5% anhydrous calcium chloride, 2% glycerol, and the balance is water; or, 30% cane molasses, 1‰ penetrant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 2.5% anhydrous calcium chloride, 1.5% glycerol, and the balance is water.

[0026] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a dust suppressant is also provided, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, adding sugar cane molasses to water to dissolve and adding a water retaining agent to mix to obtain a mixed solution A; S2, dissolving a penetrant and a hygroscopic agent in the remaining water to obtain a mixed solution B; S3, mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant. In the method for preparing a dust suppressant provided by the present invention, the sugar cane molasses is first dissolved and mixed with a water retaining agent to obtain a mixed solution A; then the penetrant and the hygroscopic agent are dissolved and mixed to obtain a mixed solution B; finally, the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B are mixed to obtain a dust suppressant. The above-mentioned preparation method can make each of the dust suppressants better mixed, and can further improve the comprehensive use effect of the prepared dust suppressant.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the amount of water used in step S1 is 50% to 70% of the water content in the dust suppressant. In the above preparation method, sugarcane molasses is first dissolved with water that is 50% to 70% of the water content in the dust suppressant, and then a water retaining agent is added to mix to obtain a mixed solution A. During mixing, the amount of water added in step S1 is controlled to be 50% to 70% of the water content in the dust suppressant so that the components in the mixed solution A can be mixed better, and the remaining amount of water is then used to prepare a mixed solution B, and the components in the mixed solution B can also be mixed better, thereby making the state and performance of the obtained dust suppressant better.

[0028] According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an application of the above-mentioned dust suppressant, which is used as a dust suppressant for mud-bound gravel pavement at the end of an open-pit coal mine. During use, the dust suppressant has a significant bonding effect on road dust, and can cause the road dust to agglomerate into large particles, which are solidified into blocks after penetration. At the same time, the dust suppressant has good water retention and anti-evaporation properties, and can effectively resist external vehicle disturbances. In actual use, the road can be kept dust-free for more than 72 hours under normal driving conditions of the mine command vehicle (2.5t) and the pickup truck (4.4t), and has a good dust suppression effect. The dust suppressant of the present invention is applied to the end-wall transportation road of an open-pit coal mine, which can effectively ensure the environmental protection and driving safety of the open-pit coal mine, and reduce the input of manpower and material resources in the environmental maintenance process.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present invention, a dust suppression treatment method for an open-pit coal mine end mud-bonded gravel road surface is provided, the method comprising spraying the dust suppressant obtained above on the open-pit coal mine end mud-bonded gravel road surface with a mining sprinkler truck, with a single spraying amount of 1.5 to 1.8 L / m 2 The spraying method of the water truck is simple and quick. When the dust suppressant effect on the mud-bound gravel road surface at the open-pit coal mine side is reduced, it can be re-sprayed at any time. By controlling the spraying amount of the dust suppressant within the above range, a good dust suppression effect can be maintained for a long time.

[0030] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A dust suppressant comprises 25% of sugarcane molasses, 0.5‰ of a penetrant, 2% of a hygroscopic agent, 2% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0033] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0034] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A dust suppressant comprises 25% of sugarcane molasses, 1.5‰ of a penetrant, 2% of a hygroscopic agent, 2% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0037] Add sugarcane molasses to 70% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0038] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] A dust suppressant comprises 30% of sugarcane molasses, 1‰ of a penetrant, 2.5% of a hygroscopic agent, 1.5% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0041] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0042] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] A dust suppressant comprises 30% of sugarcane molasses, 1.5‰ of a penetrant, 1.5% of a hygroscopic agent, 1.5% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0045] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0046] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] A dust suppressant comprises 35% of sugarcane molasses, 1‰ of a penetrant, 2% of a hygroscopic agent, 2.5% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0049] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0050] The obtained dust suppressant was heated at 1.8 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] A dust suppressant comprises 35% of sugarcane molasses, 1‰ of a penetrant, 1.5% of a hygroscopic agent, 2% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0053] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0054] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0055] Example 7

[0056] A dust suppressant comprises 35% of sugarcane molasses, 0.5‰ of a penetrant, 2.5% of a hygroscopic agent, 2% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous magnesium chloride, and the water retaining agent is butanediol.

[0057] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0058] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0059] Example 8

[0060] The difference from Example 6 is that the moisture absorbent is 1.5%, the water retaining agent is 1.5%, and the sum of the two is 3%.

[0061] A dust suppressant comprises 35% of sugarcane molasses, 1‰ of a penetrant, 1.5% of a hygroscopic agent, 1.5% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0062] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0063] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0064] Example 9

[0065] The difference from Example 6 is that the moisture absorbent is 2.5%, the water retaining agent is 2.5%, and the sum of the two is 5%.

[0066] A dust suppressant comprises 35% of sugarcane molasses, 1‰ of a penetrant, 2.5% of a hygroscopic agent, 2.5% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0067] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0068] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0069] Example 10

[0070] A dust suppressant comprises 40% of sugarcane molasses, 2‰ of a penetrant, 1% of a hygroscopic agent, 1% of a water retaining agent, and the remainder is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0071] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0072] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0073] Embodiment 11

[0074] A dust suppressant comprises 20% of sugarcane molasses, 0.2‰ of a penetrant, 3% of a hygroscopic agent, 3% of a water retaining agent, and the remainder is water, wherein the penetrant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the hygroscopic agent is anhydrous calcium chloride, and the water retaining agent is glycerol.

[0075] Add sugarcane molasses to 50% water and stir evenly, then add a water retaining agent and stir and mix to obtain a mixed solution A; add a penetrant and a moisture absorbent to the remaining water, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B, and mix the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0076] Comparative Example 1

[0077] A dust suppressant comprises 1.5% of a water-soluble polymer, 1.0% of a penetrant, 45% of a hygroscopic moisturizer, 2.5% of a preservative, and the balance is water. The water-soluble polymer is carboxymethyl starch, the penetrant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the hygroscopic moisturizer is a mixture of calcium chloride dihydrate and glycerol in a weight ratio of 3:1, and the preservative is benzotriazole.

[0078] Carboxymethyl starch is added to 20% water and swelled for 2 hours, and stirred and dissolved at 50°C for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution A; calcium chloride dihydrate is added to the remaining water, stirred and dissolved evenly, and then propylene glycol, a penetrant and a preservative are added, stirred and dissolved evenly to obtain a mixed solution B; the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B are mixed to obtain a dust suppressant.

[0079] The obtained dust suppressant was added at 1.5 L / m 2 The spraying amount is sprayed onto the sample and its relevant properties are tested.

[0080] The dust suppressants prepared in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Example 1 were tested for relevant properties, and the test results were recorded in Table 1. The specific test method was as follows: an open-pit coal mine road dust sample was placed in a sample dish, the dust suppressant was sprayed on the dust sample, the sample was placed in a blast drying oven, and heated at 70°C until its weight no longer changed. During this period, its mass change was recorded every 15 minutes, and the evaporation rate of each time period was calculated, and the average value was taken to obtain the final evaporation rate. The dried sample was destroyed using a pressure gauge, and the pressure when the sample was broken was recorded to obtain its anti-destructive strength.

[0081] Table 1

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] The dust suppressant prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was heated at 1.8 L / m 2 The spraying amount was tested on the mud-bound gravel road surface at the end of the Har Usu open-pit coal mine. The results of the on-site measurement are as follows:

[0085] Example 1 is a dust suppressant prepared using the formula and method for preparing the dust suppressant of the present invention, and is used on the open-pit coal mine end mud-bonded gravel road surface. The results show that the dust suppressant has a significant bonding effect on the dust on the open-pit coal mine end mud-bonded gravel road surface, can consolidate the road dust, has good anti-evaporation performance, and can retain water for a long time. Under the normal driving conditions of the mine command vehicle (2.5t) and the pickup truck (4.4t), the road can be kept dust-free for more than 72 hours, and has a good dust suppression effect.

[0086] Comparative Example 1 is a dust suppressant prepared using conventional methods and formulas. The dust suppressant is used for mud-bound gravel pavement at the end of an open-pit coal mine. It not only exhibits poor water retention properties, but more importantly, the dust suppressant has poor resistance to damage during use. Under normal driving conditions of the mine command vehicle (2.5t) and pickup truck (4.4t), obvious dust generation occurs in just 8 hours, and the dust suppression effect cannot meet the needs of actual applications.

[0087] From the above description, it can be seen that the dust suppressant prepared by the formula of the present invention in Examples 1 to 9 has a lower evaporation rate and has good water retention performance, which can enable the dust suppressant to maintain good adhesion, dispersibility and weathering resistance during use, which is conducive to the dust suppressant to play a dust suppression role for a long time. In addition, the obtained dust suppressant also exhibits excellent anti-destructive strength performance, which enables the obtained dust suppressant to resist the impact of external forces during use, especially when the above-mentioned dust suppressant is used for the mud-bonded gravel road surface at the end of the open-pit coal mine, it can keep the road dust-free for a long time under the normal driving of the mine command vehicle (2.5t) and the pickup truck (4.4t). When preparing the dust suppressant in Examples 10 and 11, the addition amount of each component is not within the scope of the present invention, and the effect is slightly worse than that in Examples 1 to 9, and it cannot be guaranteed that the obtained dust suppressant has both good anti-destructive strength and good water retention performance. The dust suppressant prepared by comparative example 1 using a more conventional formula has poor water retention performance and anti-destructive strength performance. When it is actually used on the mud-bound gravel road surface at the end of an open-pit coal mine, it cannot maintain a good dust suppression effect for a long time.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppressant, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, the dust suppressant comprises: 25-35% of sugarcane molasses, 0.5-1.5‰ of a penetrant, 1.5-2.5% of a moisture absorbent, 1.5-2.5% of a water retaining agent, and the balance is water.

2. The dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, the dust suppressant comprises: 30-35% of the sugar cane molasses, 0.5-1.5‰ of the penetrant, 1.5-2.5% of the hygroscopic agent, 2.0-2.5% of the water retaining agent, and the balance is water; preferably, the sum of the weight percentages of the hygroscopic agent and the water retaining agent is 3.5-4.5%.

3. The dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water retaining agent is glycerol and / or butylene glycol.

4. The dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The penetrant is an anionic surfactant.

5. The dust suppressant according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

6. The dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The desiccant is anhydrous calcium chloride and / or anhydrous magnesium chloride.

7. A method for preparing the dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, adding sugarcane molasses into water to dissolve and adding a water retaining agent to mix to obtain a mixed solution A; S2, dissolving the penetrant and the hygroscopic agent in the remaining water to obtain a mixed solution B; S3, mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B to obtain the dust suppressant.

8. The method for preparing the dust suppressant according to claim 7, characterized in that: The amount of water used in step S1 is 50% to 70% of the water content in the dust suppressant.

9. Use of the dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as a dust suppressant for mud-bound gravel pavement at the end of an open-pit coal mine.

10. A dust suppression method for open-pit coal mine end mud-gravel road surface, characterized in that: The dust suppressant according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is sprayed on the mud-bound gravel road surface at the end of the open-pit coal mine using a mining sprinkler truck, and the single spraying amount is 1.5-1.8 L / m 2 .

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