Induction heating spouted bed pyrolysis device and method
By using induction heating technology and non-magnetic conductive particles in the spray bed pyrolysis device, the problem of greenhouse gas emissions in traditional pyrolysis devices is solved, and an efficient and environmentally friendly pyrolysis process and product separation are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411579234.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
AI Technical Summary
Traditional fluidized bed pyrolysis devices rely on combustion when providing heat, resulting in large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions, which violates the low-carbon transformation goal.
A sprinkler bed pyrolysis device using induction heating includes a sprinkler bed, an electromagnetic heating device, a cyclone separator, a particle distributor and a fence assembly. By placing non-magnetic conductive particles in the spray bed and using an electromagnetic heating device to perform coordinated induction heating of the particles, an efficient pyrolysis process is achieved while avoiding greenhouse gas emissions.
The device improves pyrolysis efficiency, reduces heat loss and waste, avoids greenhouse gas emissions, conforms to the concept of low-carbon environmental protection, and realizes efficient separation and recovery of coke particles and pyrolytic oil and gas.
Smart Images
Figure CN119432407A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis processing, and in particular to an induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device and method. Background Art
[0002] In the current chemical, energy and material processing fields, pyrolysis technology of raw material particles is an important process. It decomposes the raw material particles at high temperature to produce a series of valuable products, such as pyrolysis oil, gaseous products and coke.
[0003] The fluidized bed fast pyrolysis device uses gas to create a fluid-like environment in the particle bed, achieving efficient mass and heat transfer, thereby greatly promoting the rapid pyrolysis reaction of biomass raw material particles. The device has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacturing, strong processing capacity and support for continuous production, so it has been widely used in the field of thermal conversion of solid particles such as biomass, solid waste and coal.
[0004] However, traditional fluidized bed pyrolysis units mainly rely on burning part of the raw materials or products to provide heat. This practice releases a large amount of greenhouse gases, which is contrary to the current low-carbon transformation goals. Summary of the invention
[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device and method, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art that a fluidized bed pyrolysis device may release a large amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, thereby exacerbating global warming.
[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device, comprising a spouted bed, an electromagnetic heating device, a cyclone separator, a particle distributor and a containment assembly; the spouted bed comprises an inverted conical section, an equal-diameter section, a transition section, a reduced-diameter section and a conveying section which are connected in sequence; the inverted conical section, the equal-diameter section, the transition section and the reduced-diameter section are all coaxially arranged, and the axial direction of the reduced-diameter section is perpendicular to the axial direction of the conveying section; the bottom of the inverted conical section is connected to the output end of the fluidizing gas, and non-magnetic conductive particles are placed in the inverted conical section; the input end of the side wall of the equal-diameter section is connected to the input end of the raw material particles; the particle distributor is arranged in a downwardly inclined manner in the equal-diameter section and is located below the input end of the raw material particles, a through hole is arranged in the middle of the particle distributor, and a plurality of through holes are arranged circumferentially, from the close From the input end near the raw material particles to the input end far from the raw material particles, the diameter of the through hole gradually increases so that the raw material particles are evenly distributed in the inverted conical section in the spouted bed; the enclosure assembly is arranged in the spouted bed, one end of which is connected to the reduced diameter section, and the other end is a free end, and passes through the transition section and the through hole; the side wall of the enclosure assembly located in the transition section is provided with a perforated structure for non-magnetic conductive particles to pass through; the electromagnetic heating device is arranged on the outer wall of the inverted conical section and the equal diameter section, and the inverted conical section and the equal diameter section are both made of metal; the end of the conveying section away from the reduced diameter section is connected to the input end of the cyclone separator; the first output end of the cyclone separator is connected to the coke storage area, and the second output end of the cyclone separator is connected to the pyrolysis oil and gas condensation separation area.
[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the induction heating spouted bed pyrolysis device also includes a guide tube assembly; the guide tube assembly is arranged in the inverted conical section and coaxially with the inverted conical section; the guide tube assembly and the enclosure assembly form a gap at one end away from the transition section, and the guide tube assembly corresponds to the enclosure assembly.
[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the enclosure assembly includes a sleeve and a plurality of connecting rods; one end of the plurality of connecting rods is connected to the side of the reduced diameter section away from the conveying section, and the other end thereof is arranged in the circumference of the top wall of the sleeve; the sleeve is located in the equal diameter section, and one end of the sleeve away from the connecting rod passes through the through hole and forms a gap with one end of the guide tube assembly away from the output end of the fluidizing gas; the sleeve and the equal diameter section are coaxially arranged; and the plurality of connecting rods form the perforated structure.
[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the diameter of the sleeve is equal to the diameter of the reduced diameter section; and the plurality of connecting rods are vertically arranged.
[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the guide tube assembly includes a guide tube and a plurality of supports; the plurality of supports are arranged at the bottom of the inverted cone section and are L-shaped structures; the guide tube is connected to the top of the support, and an end of the sleeve away from the transition section and an end of the guide tube away from the support form a gap and correspond to each other; the guide tube and the sleeve are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the guide tube is smaller than the diameter of the sleeve.
[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the angle between the particle distributor and the horizontal plane is 10-60°.
[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the electromagnetic heating device includes an induction coil and a power supply; the induction coil is wound around the outer walls of the inverted conical section and the equal-diameter section and is located below the particle distributor, and both ends of the induction coil are connected to the power supply; the induction coil is used to perform coordinated induction heating on the metal wall surfaces and non-magnetic conductive particles of the inverted conical section and the equal-diameter section.
[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the side of the particle distributor away from the input end of the raw material particles is set as a straight section, and the straight section and the side wall of the equal diameter section form a gap, and the gap is configured to prevent the accumulation of raw material particles and non-magnetic conductive particles.
[0014] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis method, using the induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device of the first aspect or a possible implementation of the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
[0015] Non-magnetic conductive particles are added into the spouted bed, and the non-magnetic conductive particles flow into the inverted cone section, and the preheated fluidizing gas is introduced to form a stable spouting behavior;
[0016] Turning on the electromagnetic heating device, and heating the metal wall surface of the inverted cone section and the non-magnetic conductive particles inside to a desired pyrolysis temperature by adjusting the current size and current frequency of the electromagnetic heating device;
[0017] The raw material particles enter the spouted bed through the side wall input end of the equal diameter section. Under the action of the particle distributor, the raw material particles are evenly distributed and enter the inverted cone section to mix with the non-magnetic conductive particles. The mixed raw material particles are quickly heated to the pyrolysis temperature to undergo pyrolysis reaction, generating coke particles and pyrolysis oil and gas.
[0018] The fluidizing gas in the inverted cone section blows the coke particles and some non-magnetic conductive particles into the enclosure assembly;
[0019] In the enclosure assembly, most of the non-magnetic conductive particles settle back into the inverted cone section due to gravity, while the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles and coke particles enter the transition section. Since the gas velocity decreases in this area, the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles are more likely to settle back into the inverted cone section, while the coke particles and pyrolysis oil and gas with lower density move toward the reduction section and the conveying section and are sent to the cyclone separator.
[0020] In the cyclone separator, the coke particles are effectively separated from the pyrolysis oil and gas;
[0021] The separated coke particles are transported to the coke storage area through the first output end of the cyclone separator, and the separated pyrolysis oil and gas are transported to the pyrolysis oil and gas condensation separation area through the second output end of the cyclone separator for further processing.
[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis method further includes a guide tube assembly disposed in the inverted conical section;
[0023] The preheated fluidizing gas utilizes the guide tube assembly to fluidize the non-magnetic conductive particles;
[0024] The fluidizing gas in the draft tube assembly blows part of the non-magnetic conductive particles and cracked coke particles into the enclosure assembly.
[0025] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:
[0026] The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a spouted bed, an electromagnetic heating device, a cyclone separator, a particle distributor and an enclosure assembly. The particle distributor is tilted downward, and the gradually enlarged through-hole design thereon enables the raw material particles to be evenly distributed when entering the spouted bed. The electromagnetic heating device can efficiently transfer heat to the non-magnetic conductive particles, and then to the raw material particles, thereby improving the pyrolysis efficiency. This heating method not only reduces the loss and waste of heat, but also avoids the emission of greenhouse gases, which is in line with the current low-carbon environmental protection concept. The fluidizing gas is input from the bottom of the inverted conical section, so that the non-magnetic conductive particles form a spouting state in the spouted bed, and the spouting state helps the mixing of the raw material particles and the progress of the pyrolysis process. The fluidizing gas in the inverted conical section blows the coke particles and the non-magnetic conductive particles into the enclosure assembly. In the enclosure assembly, most of the non-magnetic conductive particles settle back into the inverted cone section due to gravity, while the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles and coke particles enter the transition section. Since the gas velocity decreases in this area, the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles are more likely to settle back into the inverted cone section, while the coke particles and pyrolysis oil and gas with lower density move toward the reduced diameter section and the conveying section and are sent to the cyclone separator. The cyclone separator can efficiently separate the pyrolysis products, realize the separate collection and treatment of coke particles and pyrolysis oil and gas, further improve the utilization rate of resources and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, the induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device shows excellent technical effects in terms of uniform heating and pyrolysis of raw material particles, efficient separation and recovery of products, etc. It has the advantages of compact structure, easy operation, energy saving and environmental protection, and is a powerful substitute for traditional fluidized bed pyrolysis devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the enclosure assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the guide tube assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a particle distributor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0032] Figure 5A schematic structural diagram of an inverted conical section of a spouted bed provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transition section of a spouted bed provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0034] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a spouted bed pyrolysis method using induction heating of a spouted bed provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0035] Icons: 1- spouted bed; 11- inverted cone section; 12- equal diameter section; 13- transition section; 14- reduced diameter section; 15- conveying section; 2- electromagnetic heating device; 21- induction coil; 22- power supply; 3- cyclone separator; 4- particle distributor; 41- through hole; 42- through hole; 5- enclosure assembly; 51- sleeve; 52- connecting rod; 6- guide tube assembly; 61- guide tube; 62- support; 7- gap; 8- perforated structure; 9- non-magnetic conductive particles; 10- coke particles; 101- input end of raw material particles; 102- fluidizing gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0038] The present application embodiment provides an induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device, such as Figures 1 to 6As shown. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device comprises a spouted bed 1, an electromagnetic heating device 2, a cyclone separator 3, a particle distributor 4 and an enclosure assembly 5. The spouted bed 1 comprises an inverted conical section 11, an equal-diameter section 12, a transition section 13, a reduced-diameter section 14 and a conveying section 15 which are connected in sequence. The inverted conical section 11, the equal-diameter section 12, the transition section 13 and the reduced-diameter section 14 are all coaxially arranged, and the axial direction of the reduced-diameter section 14 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the conveying section 15. The bottom of the inverted conical section 11 is connected to the output end of the fluidizing gas 102, and non-magnetic conductive particles 9 are placed in the inverted conical section 11. The input end of the side wall of the equal-diameter section 12 is connected to the input end 101 of the raw material particles. The particle distributor 4 is arranged in a downwardly inclined manner in the equal diameter section 12 and is located below the input end 101 of the raw material particles. A through hole 42 is arranged in the middle of the particle distributor 4, and a plurality of through holes 41 are arranged in the circumferential direction. From the input end 101 close to the raw material particles to the input end 101 far from the raw material particles, the diameter of the through hole 41 gradually increases, so that the raw material particles are evenly distributed in the inverted cone section 11 in the spouted bed 1. The enclosure assembly 5 is arranged in the spouted bed 1, one end of which is connected to the reduced diameter section 14, and the other end is a free end and passes through the transition section 13 and the through hole 42. The side wall of the enclosure assembly 5 located in the transition section 13 is provided with a perforated structure 8 through which non-magnetic conductive particles 9 pass. The electromagnetic heating device 2 is arranged on the outer wall of the inverted cone section 11 and the equal diameter section 12, and the inverted cone section 11 and the equal diameter section 12 are both made of metal. The end of the conveying section 15 away from the reduced diameter section 14 is connected to the input end of the cyclone separator 3. The first output end of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the coke storage area, and the second output end of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the pyrolysis oil gas condensation separation area.
[0039] It should be noted that the particle distributor 4 is tilted downward, and the gradually enlarged through-holes 41 thereon are designed so that the raw material particles can be evenly distributed when entering the spouted bed 1. The electromagnetic heating device 2 can efficiently transfer heat to the non-magnetic conductive particles 9, and then to the raw material particles, thereby improving the pyrolysis efficiency. This heating method not only reduces the loss and waste of heat, but also avoids the emission of greenhouse gases, which is in line with the current low-carbon environmental protection concept. The fluidizing gas 102 is input from the bottom of the inverted cone section 11, so that the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 form a spouting state in the spouted bed 1. The spouting state is conducive to the mixing of the raw material particles and the progress of the pyrolysis process. The fluidizing gas 102 in the inverted cone section 11 blows the coke particles 10 and the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 into the enclosure assembly 5. In the enclosure assembly 5, most of the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 settle back into the inverted cone section 11 due to gravity, while the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles 9 and coke particles 10 enter the transition section 13 area. Since the gas velocity decreases in this area, the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles 9 are more likely to settle back into the inverted cone section 11, while the coke particles 10 and pyrolysis oil and gas with lower density move toward the reduced diameter section 14 and the conveying section 15, and are sent to the cyclone separator 3. The cyclone separator 3 can efficiently separate the pyrolysis products, realize the separate collection and treatment of the coke particles 10 and the pyrolysis oil and gas, further improve the utilization rate of resources and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, the induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device shows excellent technical effects in terms of uniform heating and pyrolysis of raw material particles, efficient separation and recovery of products, etc. It has the advantages of compact structure, simple operation, energy saving and environmental protection, and is a powerful substitute for traditional fluidized bed pyrolysis devices.
[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device further includes a guide tube assembly 6. The guide tube assembly 6 is disposed in the inverted conical section 11 and is coaxially disposed with the inverted conical section 11. The guide tube assembly 6 and the end of the enclosure assembly 5 away from the transition section 13 form a gap 7, and the guide tube assembly 6 corresponds to the enclosure assembly 5.
[0041] It should be noted that the arrangement of the guide tube assembly 6 optimizes the flow field distribution in the spouted bed 1. Since it is arranged coaxially with the inverted cone section 11, it can guide the fluidizing gas 102 to enter the spouted bed 1 more evenly, reduce the turbulence and vortex of the fluid, make the gas flow more stable, and thus improve the stability and efficiency of the pyrolysis process.
[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the enclosure assembly 5 includes a sleeve 51 and a plurality of connecting rods 52. One end of the plurality of connecting rods 52 is connected to the side of the reduced diameter section 14 away from the conveying section 15, and the other end thereof is arranged in the circumferential direction of the top wall of the sleeve 51. The sleeve 51 is located in the equal diameter section 12, and the end of the sleeve 51 away from the connecting rod 52 passes through the through hole 42, and forms a gap 7 with the end of the guide tube assembly 6 away from the output end of the fluidizing gas 102. The sleeve 51 and the equal diameter section 12 are arranged coaxially. The plurality of connecting rods 52 form a perforated structure 8.
[0043] It should be noted that the present application fixes the sleeve 51 to the side of the reduced diameter section 14 away from the conveying section 15 through multiple connecting rods 52. This structure makes the enclosure assembly 5 more stable and can withstand greater airflow impact and particle collision, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the entire spouted bed 1 pyrolysis device. After passing through the guide tube assembly 6, the fluidized gas 102 can more smoothly enter the gap 7 between the sleeve 51 and the guide tube assembly 6, reducing turbulence and vortexes, making the airflow more uniform and stable. During the pyrolysis process, the coke particles 10 and pyrolysis oil and gas with lower density can more easily pass through the perforated structure 8 and enter the subsequent cyclone separator 3 for separation, while the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 with higher density settle back to the inverted cone section 11 due to gravity, thereby achieving effective separation of the mixed particles.
[0044] Specifically, the plurality of connecting rods 52 are detachably connected to the side of the reduced diameter section 14 away from the conveying section 15 , so that the connecting rods 52 and the sleeve 51 can be easily disassembled, thereby reducing maintenance costs and downtime.
[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the diameter of the sleeve 51 is equal to the diameter of the reduced diameter section 14. The plurality of connecting rods 52 are all arranged vertically.
[0046] It should be noted that the vertically arranged connecting rod 52 does not interfere with the flow of the airflow, so that the airflow can pass through the enclosure assembly 5 more smoothly and enter the spouted bed 1 for pyrolysis reaction. In addition, when the sleeve 51 is longer or heavier, the vertically arranged connecting rod 52 is not easily deformed.
[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide tube assembly 6 includes a guide tube 61 and a plurality of supports 62. The plurality of supports 62 are arranged at the bottom of the inverted conical section 11 and are L-shaped structures. The guide tube 61 is connected to the top of the support 62, and the end of the sleeve 51 away from the transition section 13 and the end of the guide tube 61 away from the support 62 form a gap 7 and correspond to each other. The guide tube 61 and the sleeve 51 are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the guide tube 61 is smaller than the diameter of the sleeve 51.
[0048] Specifically, the diameter of the flow guide pipe 61 is smaller than the diameter of the air inlet at the bottom of the inverted cone section 11 .
[0049] It should be noted that the L-shaped support 62 is disposed at the bottom of the inverted conical section 11, providing a stable support for the flow guide tube 61, so that the flow guide tube 61 can withstand the high temperature and high pressure environment in the spouted bed 1, as well as the impact of the airflow and mixed particles. The L-shaped support 62 also provides additional lateral support to prevent the flow guide tube 61 from being displaced or deformed in the horizontal direction, ensuring that the gap 7 between it and the sleeve 51 remains consistent, thereby maintaining stable fluid dynamic characteristics.
[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the angle between the particle distributor 4 and the horizontal plane is 10-60°.
[0051] It should be noted that the particle distributor 4 is an annular baffle and is provided with a through hole 41 of 1-10 mm. The opening rate of the particle distributor 4 is 30-70%, which can be evenly distributed or unevenly distributed. When installed, it is tilted downward by 10-60°. The aperture and porosity of the through hole 41 close to the input end 101 of the raw material particles are smaller, and the aperture and porosity of the through hole 41 away from the input end 101 of the raw material particles are larger, ensuring that the concentration of raw material particles in each area of the spouted bed 1 remains consistent, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of pyrolysis. The appropriate aperture and porosity design of the present application, as well as the inclined installation angle, help reduce the accumulation and clogging of raw material particles on the particle distributor 4.
[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, the electromagnetic heating device 2 includes an induction coil 21 and a power supply 22. The induction coil 21 is wound around the outer wall of the inverted conical section 11 and the equal diameter section 12, and is located below the particle distributor 4, and both ends of the induction coil 21 are connected to the power supply 22. The induction coil 21 is used to perform coordinated induction heating on the wall surface of the inverted conical section 11 and the equal diameter section 12 and the non-magnetic conductive particles 9.
[0053] It should be noted that the electromagnetic heating device 2 is a non-direct contact heating technology that converts magnetic / conductive materials into heat energy by absorbing electromagnetic energy directly, and has the characteristics of high heating efficiency, fast start and stop speed, and simple operation.
[0054] Specifically, the power source 22 is one of a medium frequency and a high frequency induction heating power source 22. The number of turns of the induction coil 21 ranges from 3 to 30.
[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, the side of the particle distributor 4 away from the input end 101 of the raw material particles is set as a straight section, and the straight section forms a gap with the side wall of the equal diameter section 12, and the gap is configured to prevent the raw material particles and the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 from accumulating. Specifically, some non-magnetic conductive particles 9 may fall from the transition section 13 through the particle distributor 4 into the inverted conical section 11.
[0056] The present application embodiment provides an induction heating spouted bed pyrolysis method, such as Figure 7The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis method uses the above-mentioned induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device, and includes the following steps S1-S7:
[0057] S1: non-magnetic conductive particles 9 are added into the spouted bed 1, the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 flow into the inverted cone section 11, and the preheated fluidizing gas 102 is introduced to form a stable spouting behavior.
[0058] It should be noted that the material of the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 includes one or more of copper, tungsten, austenitic stainless steel, aluminum, and graphite. The non-magnetic conductive particles 9 are solid or hollow or a mixture of both. The particle size of the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 is 0.1-5 mm, and the temperature of the preheated fluidizing gas 102 is 50-300° C.
[0059] S2: Turn on the electromagnetic heating device 2, and heat the metal wall surface of the inverted cone section 11 and the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 inside to the required pyrolysis temperature by adjusting the current size and current frequency of the electromagnetic heating device 2.
[0060] It should be noted that the current frequency is 1-500kHz, the current size is 5-50A, and the pyrolysis temperature is 300-1100°C.
[0061] S3: The raw material particles enter the spouted bed 1 through the side wall input end of the equal diameter section 12. Under the action of the particle distributor 4, the raw material particles are evenly distributed and enter the inverted cone section 11 to mix with the non-magnetic conductive particles 9. The mixed raw material particles are quickly heated to the pyrolysis temperature to undergo a pyrolysis reaction, generating coke particles 10 and pyrolysis oil and gas.
[0062] It should be noted that the particle size of the raw material particles ranges from 0.05 to 5 mm.
[0063] S4: the fluidizing gas 102 in the inverted conical section 11 blows the coke particles 10 and part of the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 into the enclosure assembly 5 .
[0064] S5: In the enclosure assembly 5, most of the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 settle back into the inverted cone section 11 due to gravity, while the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles 9 and coke particles 10 enter the transition section 13 area. Since the gas velocity decreases in this area, the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles 9 are more likely to settle back into the inverted cone section 11, while the coke particles 10 and pyrolysis oil and gas with lower density move toward the reducing section 14 and the conveying section 15 and are sent to the cyclone separator 3.
[0065] It should be noted that the perforated structure 8 on the enclosure assembly 5 allows the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles 9 that enter the transition section 13 area to fall back to the outside of the enclosure assembly 5, and then settle back to the inverted conical section 11. Specifically, the diameter of the transition section 13 is larger than that of the enclosure assembly 5, so the gas velocity decreases in the transition section 13.
[0066] S6: In the cyclone separator 3, the coke particles 10 are effectively separated from the pyrolysis oil and gas.
[0067] S7: The separated coke particles 10 are transported to the coke storage area through the first output end of the cyclone separator 3, and the separated pyrolysis oil and gas are transported to the pyrolysis oil and gas condensation separation area through the second output end of the cyclone separator 3 for further processing.
[0068] It should be noted that the included angle between the side wall of the inverted cone section 11 and its top is β, the included angle between the side wall of the transition section 13 and its bottom is α, and the angle range of α and β is 20-80°.
[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, the induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis method further includes a guide tube assembly 6 disposed in the inverted conical section 11. The preheated fluidizing gas 102 utilizes the guide tube assembly 6 to fluidize the non-magnetic conductive particles 9;
[0070] The fluidizing gas 102 in the draft tube assembly 6 blows part of the non-magnetic conductive particles 9 and cracked coke particles 10 into the enclosure assembly 5 .
[0071] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
[0072] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.
Claims
1. An induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device, characterized in that: It comprises a spouted bed (1), an electromagnetic heating device (2), a cyclone separator (3), a particle distributor (4) and a containment assembly (5); The spouted bed (1) comprises an inverted cone section (11), a constant diameter section (12), a transition section (13), a reduced diameter section (14) and a conveying section (15) which are connected in sequence; The inverted cone section (11), the equal diameter section (12), the transition section (13), and the reduced diameter section (14) are all coaxially arranged, and the axial direction of the reduced diameter section (14) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the conveying section (15); The bottom of the inverted conical section (11) is connected to the output end of the fluidizing gas (102), and non-magnetic conductive particles (9) are placed in the inverted conical section (11); The input end of the side wall of the equal diameter section (12) is connected to the input end (101) of the raw material particles; The particle distributor (4) is arranged in a downwardly inclined manner in the equal diameter section (12) and is located below the input end (101) of the raw material particles. A through hole (42) is arranged in the middle of the particle distributor (4), and a plurality of through holes (41) are arranged in the circumferential direction thereof. The diameter of the through holes (41) gradually increases from the input end (101) close to the raw material particles to the input end (101) far from the raw material particles, so that the raw material particles are evenly distributed in the inverted conical section (11) in the spouted bed (1); The enclosure assembly (5) is arranged in the spouted bed (1), one end of which is connected to the reduced diameter section (14), and the other end of which is a free end and passes through the transition section (13) and the through hole (42); the side wall of the enclosure assembly (5) located in the transition section (13) is provided with a perforated structure (8) through which non-magnetic conductive particles (9) pass; The electromagnetic heating device (2) is arranged on the outer wall of the inverted cone section (11) and the equal diameter section (12), and the inverted cone section (11) and the equal diameter section (12) are both made of metal; One end of the conveying section (15) away from the diameter-reducing section (14) is connected to the input end of the cyclone separator (3); The first output end of the cyclone separator (3) is connected to the coke storage area, and the second output end of the cyclone separator (3) is connected to the pyrolysis oil gas condensation separation area.
2. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a guide tube assembly (6); The guide tube assembly (6) is arranged in the inverted conical section (11) and is coaxially arranged with the inverted conical section (11); The guide tube assembly (6) and the enclosure assembly (5) form a gap (7) at one end away from the transition section (13), and the guide tube assembly (6) corresponds to the enclosure assembly (5).
3. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The enclosure assembly (5) comprises a sleeve (51) and a plurality of connecting rods (52); One end of each of the connecting rods (52) is connected to a side of the reduced diameter section (14) away from the conveying section (15), and the other end thereof is arranged in the circumferential direction of the top wall of the sleeve (51); The sleeve (51) is located in the equal-diameter section (12); one end of the sleeve (51) away from the connecting rod (52) passes through the through hole (42) and forms a gap (7) with one end of the guide tube assembly (6) away from the output end of the fluidizing gas (102); The sleeve (51) and the equal-diameter section (12) are coaxially arranged; A plurality of the connecting rods (52) form the perforated structure (8).
4. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the sleeve (51) is equal to the diameter of the reduced diameter section (14); The plurality of connecting rods (52) are all arranged vertically.
5. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow guide tube assembly (6) comprises a flow guide tube (61) and a plurality of supports (62); The plurality of supports (62) are arranged at the bottom of the inverted cone section (11) and are L-shaped structures; The guide tube (61) is connected to the top of the support (62), and an end of the sleeve (51) away from the transition section (13) and an end of the guide tube (61) away from the support (62) form a gap (7) and correspond to each other; The flow guide tube (61) and the sleeve (51) are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the flow guide tube (61) is smaller than the diameter of the sleeve (51).
6. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the particle distributor (4) and the horizontal plane is 10-60°.
7. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic heating device (2) comprises an induction coil (21) and a power source (22); The induction coil (21) is wound around the outer walls of the inverted cone section (11) and the equal diameter section (12), and is located below the particle distributor (4), and both ends of the induction coil (21) are connected to the power source (22); The induction coil (21) is used to perform coordinated induction heating on the metal wall surfaces of the inverted cone section (11) and the equal-diameter section (12) and the non-magnetic conductive particles (9).
8. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the particle distributor (4) away from the input end (101) of the raw material particles is arranged as a straight section, and a gap is formed between the straight section and the side wall of the equal diameter section (12), and the gap is configured to prevent the raw material particles and the non-magnetic conductive particles (9) from piling up.
9. An induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis method, characterized in that: The spouted bed pyrolysis device using induction heating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Non-magnetic conductive particles (9) are added to the spouted bed (1), the non-magnetic conductive particles (9) flow into the inverted conical section (11), and a preheated fluidizing gas (102) is introduced to form a stable spouting behavior; Turning on the electromagnetic heating device (2), and heating the metal wall surface of the inverted cone section (11) and the non-magnetic conductive particles (9) inside to a desired pyrolysis temperature by adjusting the current magnitude and current frequency of the electromagnetic heating device (2); The raw material particles enter the spouted bed (1) through the side wall input end of the equal diameter section (12). Under the action of the particle distributor (4), the raw material particles are evenly distributed and enter the inverted cone section (11) to be mixed with the non-magnetic conductive particles (9). The mixed raw material particles are quickly heated to the pyrolysis temperature to undergo a pyrolysis reaction, thereby generating coke particles (10) and pyrolysis oil gas. The fluidizing gas (102) in the inverted conical section (11) blows the coke particles (10) and a portion of the non-magnetic conductive particles (9) into the enclosure assembly (5); In the enclosure assembly (5), most of the non-magnetic conductive particles (9) settle back into the inverted cone section (11) due to gravity, while the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles (9) and coke particles (10) enter the transition section (13). Since the gas velocity decreases in this area, the remaining non-magnetic conductive particles (9) are more likely to settle back into the inverted cone section (11), while the coke particles (10) and pyrolysis oil gas with a smaller density move toward the reduced diameter section (14) and the conveying section (15) and are sent to the cyclone separator (3); In the cyclone separator (3), the coke particles (10) are effectively separated from the pyrolysis oil and gas; The separated coke particles (10) are transported to the coke storage area through the first output end of the cyclone separator (3), while the separated pyrolysis oil and gas are transported to the pyrolysis oil and gas condensation separation area through the second output end of the cyclone separator (3) for further processing.
10. The induction-heated spouted bed pyrolysis method according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a guide tube assembly (6) arranged in the inverted conical section (11); The preheated fluidizing gas (102) uses a guide tube assembly (6) to fluidize the non-magnetic conductive particles (9); The fluidizing gas (102) in the guide tube assembly (6) blows part of the non-magnetic conductive particles (9) and cracked coke particles (10) into the enclosure assembly (5).