Fungus mycelium bio-based material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of bio-based materials, in particular to a fungus mycelium bio-based material and a preparation method and application thereof. The fungus mycelium bio-based material is prepared by inoculating a pretreated solid culture medium with fungus fermentation liquor for culture and then drying and dewatering the solid culture medium on which mycelia grow, which is obtained by culture. According to the fungus mycelium bio-based material, the cohesiveness between the mycelium and the solid culture medium is high, the mycelium growth vigor is good, and the prepared fungus mycelium bio-based material is high in elasticity, has the bending strength of 150-400 kPa and has wide application prospects in preparation of biodegradable products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bio-based materials, and in particular to a fungal mycelium bio-based material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polystyrene (PS) and other petroleum-based plastic products have become one of the main sources of environmental pollution because they are difficult to degrade. In real life, the final disposal method of most plastic products is to bury them in the soil or burn them. This undoubtedly causes irreversible damage to the ecological environment and affects human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to study and prepare a degradable material that can replace petroleum-based plastics.

[0003] During the natural growth process, edible fungi will derive hyphae into the soil, forming a dense hyphae network, absorbing nutrients, and being able to directly digest and utilize fiber materials, thus forming a whole that is closely connected to the soil through hyphae. Therefore, degradable edible fungi mycelium can be used to prepare mycelium bio-based materials. However, compared with plastic materials such as polystyrene, bio-based materials currently have obvious gaps in material density, hardness, bending degree, cushioning performance, etc.

[0004] In summary, it is urgent to develop a mycelium bio-based material with higher density and bending strength.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, this patent selects common domestic production waste rich in natural lignocellulose as a solid culture matrix for mycelium material, and reuses it to prepare a mycelium bio-based material with good bending strength. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fungal mycelium bio-based material in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology that petroleum-based plastic products such as polystyrene (PS) are difficult to degrade and thus damage the ecological environment.

[0007] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the fungal mycelium bio-based material.

[0008] The final technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned fungal mycelium bio-based material.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A method for preparing a fungal mycelium bio-based material comprises the steps of inoculating a fungal fermentation liquid into a pretreated solid culture matrix for cultivation, and then drying and dehydrating the solid culture matrix on which mycelium is grown, so as to prepare the fungal mycelium bio-based material.

[0011] Wherein, the fungus is an edible fungus;

[0012] The preferred edible fungus is Ganoderma lucidum.

[0013] In the present invention, the Ganoderma lucidum includes but is not limited to the Ganoderma lucidum described in the examples, and all edible fungi belonging to the Ganodermaceae family in the prior art are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] Wherein, the solid culture matrix is ​​any one of wine grains or wheat grains, or a combination of the two.

[0015] Wherein, the water content of the pretreated solid culture matrix is ​​40-70wt%;

[0016] The preferred water content is 50-60 wt %, and the more preferred water content is 60 wt %.

[0017] Wherein, the inoculation amount is 5% to 15% v / v fungal fermentation liquid;

[0018] The preferred inoculum level is 10% v / v.

[0019] Wherein, the culture conditions are: culture at 20-30°C for 7-15 days.

[0020] The drying and dehydration specifically involves placing the solid culture matrix on which the mycelium is grown at 60-75° C. overnight for drying and dehydration.

[0021] The fungal mycelium bio-based material prepared by the method for preparing the fungal mycelium bio-based material is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The bending strength is the maximum stress that the material can withstand when it breaks under bending load or reaches a specified bending moment. The bending strength of traditional polystyrene foam is about 300-350 kPa. For detailed data, please refer to the description in patent CN102675762B (Halogen-free flame-retardant polystyrene foam material and preparation method thereof).

[0023] Specifically, the fungal mycelium bio-based material has a bending strength of 150 to 400 kPa;

[0024] Preferably, it has a bending strength of 350 to 400 kPa.

[0025] The application of the fungal mycelium bio-based material in the preparation of biodegradable products is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The matrix used in the present invention is mainly processing by-products such as distiller's grains and malt grains. The material source is wide, the synthesis method is simple and environmentally friendly, and it has wide applicability.

[0028] 2. The present invention obtains a bio-based material similar to foam plastics and having excellent degradability by planting edible fungus mycelium on the surface of a solid culture matrix and drying and dehydrating the material.

[0029] 3. The present invention effectively improves the growth of mycelium and the adhesion between mycelium and solid culture matrix by controlling the moisture content of the matrix and the inoculation amount of the bacterial strain, thereby effectively improving the bending strength of the bio-based material.

[0030] 4. The fungal mycelium bio-based material prepared by the present invention is a bio-based material with high flexural strength, which can reach 350-400 kPa. It can replace traditional petroleum-based materials, such as polystyrene materials, as a raw material for preparing biodegradable products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become more clear.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a picture of the finished product of the fungal mycelium bio-based material prepared in Example 3.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a picture of the finished product of the fungal mycelium bio-based material prepared in Comparative Example 5.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a picture of the finished product of the fungal mycelium bio-based material prepared in Comparative Example 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementations, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become more clear.

[0036] The experimental methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials described are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0037] In the following embodiments, the bending strength test is based on the national standard GB / T8812.2-2007 “Determination of Flexural Properties of Rigid Foam Plastics”.

[0038] In the following embodiments, the Ganoderma lucidum is a commercially available product.

[0039] Example 1 A method for preparing a high bending strength fungal mycelium bio-based material

[0040] (1) Solid culture matrix: Select any one of wine lees and wheat lees as the solid culture matrix, dry it, and then add a certain percentage of water to maintain a water content of 40%. After the above components are mixed evenly, sterilize them at 115°C for 20 minutes.

[0041] (2) Preparation of fermentation broth: Ganoderma lucidum was selected as the culture strain and inoculated into the fermentation broth medium. The culture medium was fermented at 26°C and 160 rpm for 7 days. The formula of the fermentation broth medium was as follows: peptone 10 g / L, anhydrous glucose 40 g / L, yeast extract 2 g / L, and VB10.05 g / L.

[0042] (3) Inoculation of solid culture matrix: The solid culture matrix sterilized in step (1) is placed in a sterile environment and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 min. The fermentation broth is then inoculated into the solid culture matrix at an inoculum volume of 10% v / v and stirred evenly.

[0043] (4) Mold filling and fermentation: After the mold is shaped, it is sterilized and placed in a sterile environment to cool. Then, the solid culture matrix inoculated in step (3) is filled into the mold and cultured at 26°C for 14 days. When the surface of the matrix is ​​covered with mycelium, the material culture is completed. The material is placed in a 60°C oven and dried for 12 hours to obtain a bio-based material.

[0044] (5) Material performance testing: According to the national standard GB / T8812.2-2007 “Determination of flexural properties of rigid foam plastics”, the above materials were subjected to flexural strength tests.

[0045] Example 2 A method for preparing a high bending strength fungal mycelium bio-based material

[0046] (1) Solid culture matrix: Select any one of wine lees and wheat lees as the solid culture matrix, dry it, and then add a certain percentage of water to maintain a water content of 50%. After the above components are mixed evenly, sterilize them at 115°C for 20 minutes.

[0047] (2) Preparation of fermentation broth: Ganoderma lucidum was selected as the culture strain and inoculated into the fermentation broth medium. The culture medium was fermented at 26°C and 160 rpm for 7 days. The formula of the fermentation broth medium was as follows: peptone 10 g / L, anhydrous glucose 40 g / L, yeast extract 2 g / L, and VB10.05 g / L.

[0048] (3) Inoculation of solid culture matrix: The solid culture matrix sterilized in step (1) is placed in a sterile environment and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 min. The fermentation broth is then inoculated into the solid culture matrix at an inoculum volume of 10% v / v and stirred evenly.

[0049] (4) Mold filling and fermentation: After the mold is shaped, it is sterilized and placed in a sterile environment to cool. Then, the solid culture matrix inoculated in step (3) is filled into the mold and cultured at 26°C for 14 days. When the surface of the matrix is ​​covered with mycelium, the material culture is completed. The material is placed in a 60°C oven and dried for 12 hours to obtain a bio-based material.

[0050] (5) Material performance testing: According to the national standard GB / T8812.2-2007 “Determination of flexural properties of rigid foam plastics”, the above materials were subjected to flexural strength tests.

[0051] Example 3 A method for preparing a high bending strength fungal mycelium bio-based material

[0052] (1) Solid culture matrix: Select any one of wine lees and wheat lees as the solid culture matrix, dry it, and then add a certain percentage of water to maintain a water content of 60%. After the above components are mixed evenly, sterilize them at 115°C for 20 minutes.

[0053] (2) Preparation of fermentation broth: Ganoderma lucidum was selected as the culture strain and inoculated into the fermentation broth medium. The culture medium was fermented at 26°C and 160 rpm for 7 days. The formula of the fermentation broth medium was as follows: peptone 10 g / L, anhydrous glucose 40 g / L, yeast extract 2 g / L, and VB10.05 g / L.

[0054] (3) Inoculation of solid culture matrix: The solid culture matrix sterilized in step (1) is placed in a sterile environment and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 min. The fermentation broth is then inoculated into the solid culture matrix at an inoculum volume of 10% v / v and stirred evenly.

[0055] (4) Mold filling and fermentation: After the mold is shaped, it is sterilized and placed in a sterile environment to cool. Then, the solid culture matrix inoculated in step (3) is filled into the mold and cultured at 26°C for 14 days. When the surface of the matrix is ​​covered with mycelium, the material culture is completed. The material is placed in a 60°C oven and dried for 12 hours to obtain a bio-based material.

[0056] (5) Material performance testing: According to the national standard GB / T8812.2-2007 “Determination of flexural properties of rigid foam plastics”, the above materials were subjected to flexural strength tests.

[0057] Example 4: A method for preparing a high flexural strength fungal mycelium bio-based material

[0058] (1) Solid culture matrix: Select any one of wine lees and wheat lees as the solid culture matrix, dry it, and then add a certain percentage of water to maintain a water content of 70%. After the above components are mixed evenly, sterilize them at 115°C for 20 minutes.

[0059] (2) Preparation of fermentation broth: Ganoderma lucidum was selected as the culture strain and inoculated into the fermentation broth medium. The culture medium was fermented at 26°C and 160 rpm for 7 days. The formula of the fermentation broth medium was as follows: peptone 10 g / L, anhydrous glucose 40 g / L, yeast extract 2 g / L, and VB10.05 g / L.

[0060] (3) Inoculation of solid culture matrix: The solid culture matrix sterilized in step (1) is placed in a sterile environment and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 min. The fermentation broth is then inoculated into the solid culture matrix at an inoculum volume of 10% v / v and stirred evenly.

[0061] (4) Mold filling and fermentation: After the mold is shaped, it is sterilized and placed in a sterile environment to cool. Then, the solid culture matrix inoculated in step (3) is filled into the mold and cultured at 26°C for 14 days. When the surface of the matrix is ​​covered with mycelium, the material culture is completed. The material is placed in a 60°C oven and dried for 12 hours to obtain a bio-based material.

[0062] (5) Material performance testing: According to the national standard GB / T8812.2-2007 “Determination of flexural properties of rigid foam plastics”, the above materials were subjected to flexural strength tests.

[0063] Example 5 A method for preparing a high bending strength fungal mycelium bio-based material

[0064] (1) Solid culture matrix: Select any one of wine lees and wheat lees as the solid culture matrix, dry it, and then add a certain percentage of water to maintain a water content of 40%. After the above components are mixed evenly, sterilize them at 115°C for 20 minutes.

[0065] (2) Preparation of fermentation broth: Ganoderma lucidum was selected as the culture strain and inoculated into the fermentation broth medium. The culture medium was fermented at 26°C and 160 rpm for 7 days. The formula of the fermentation broth medium was as follows: peptone 10 g / L, anhydrous glucose 40 g / L, yeast extract 2 g / L, and VB10.05 g / L.

[0066] (3) Inoculation of solid culture matrix: The solid culture matrix sterilized in step (1) is placed in a sterile environment and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 min. The fermentation liquid of the bacterial strain is then inoculated into the solid culture matrix at an inoculum volume of 5% v / v and stirred evenly.

[0067] (4) Mold filling and fermentation: After the mold is shaped, it is sterilized and placed in a sterile environment to cool. Then, the solid culture matrix inoculated in step (3) is filled into the mold and cultured at 26°C for 14 days. When the surface of the matrix is ​​covered with mycelium, the material culture is completed. The material is placed in a 60°C oven and dried for 12 hours to obtain a bio-based material.

[0068] (5) Material performance testing: According to the national standard GB / T8812.2-2007 “Determination of flexural properties of rigid foam plastics”, the above materials were subjected to flexural strength tests.

[0069] Example 6 A method for preparing a high bending strength fungal mycelium bio-based material

[0070] (1) Solid culture matrix: Select any one of wine lees and wheat lees as the solid culture matrix, dry it, and then add a certain percentage of water to maintain a water content of 40%. After the above components are mixed evenly, sterilize them at 115°C for 20 minutes.

[0071] (2) Preparation of fermentation broth: Ganoderma lucidum was selected as the culture strain and inoculated into the fermentation broth medium. The culture medium was fermented at 26°C and 160 rpm for 7 days. The formula of the fermentation broth medium was as follows: peptone 10 g / L, anhydrous glucose 40 g / L, yeast extract 2 g / L, and VB10.05 g / L.

[0072] (3) Inoculation of solid culture matrix: The solid culture matrix sterilized in step (1) is placed in a sterile environment and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 min. The fermentation broth is then inoculated into the solid culture matrix at an inoculum volume of 15% v / v and stirred evenly.

[0073] (4) Mold filling and fermentation: After the mold is shaped, it is sterilized and placed in a sterile environment to cool. Then, the solid culture matrix inoculated in step (3) is filled into the mold and cultured at 26°C for 14 days. When the surface of the matrix is ​​covered with mycelium, the material culture is completed. The material is placed in a 60°C oven and dried for 12 hours to obtain a bio-based material.

[0074] (5) Material performance testing: According to the national standard GB / T8812.2-2007 “Determination of flexural properties of rigid foam plastics”, the above materials were subjected to flexural strength tests.

[0075] The flexural strength test summary results of the bio-based materials prepared in the above examples are shown in Table 1 below. The SEM images of the bio-based materials prepared in Example 1, Example 5 and Example 6 are shown in Table 1 below. Figures 1 to 3 shown.

[0076] Table 1 Summary of flexural strength of bio-based materials

[0077] Test samples Bending strength( / kPa) Test samples Bending strength( / kPa) Example 1 171.6 Example 4 318.3 Example 2 266.5 Example 5 298.8 Example 3 361.4 Example 6 348.7

[0078] As can be seen from Table 1, under the same conditions of solid culture matrix, molding, inoculation amount of bacteria and bending strength test, the water content of the matrix has a significant effect on the bending strength of the fungal mycelium bio-based material. When the water content of the solid culture matrix is ​​60%, the bending strength of the fungal mycelium bio-based material is the highest. Under the same conditions of matrix, molding, matrix water content and bending strength test, the inoculation amount of different edible fungi fermentation liquids also has an effect on the bending strength of the fungal mycelium bio-based material. When the inoculation amount of the edible fungi fermentation liquid is 10% v / v, the bending strength of the fungal mycelium bio-based material is the highest. This shows that by controlling the water content of the matrix and the inoculation amount of the edible fungi fermentation liquid, the growth of the mycelium can be effectively improved, which is beneficial to the bonding between the mycelium and the solid culture matrix, thereby improving the bending strength of the bio-based material.

[0079] The present invention provides a fungal mycelium bio-based material and its preparation method and application ideas and methods. There are many methods and ways to implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fungal mycelium bio-based material, characterized in that: The fungal fermentation liquid is inoculated into the pretreated solid culture matrix for cultivation, and then the solid culture matrix with mycelium grown thereon obtained by cultivation is dried and dehydrated to prepare the fungal mycelium bio-based material.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fungus is an edible fungus, and preferably the edible fungus is Ganoderma lucidum.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid culture matrix is ​​any one of wine grains or wheat grains, or a combination of the two.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreated solid culture matrix has a water content of 40 to 70 wt %, preferably 50 to 60 wt %.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inoculation amount is 5% to 15% v / v of fungal fermentation liquid.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The culture conditions are as follows: culture at 20-30° C. for 7-15 days.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying and dehydration specifically involves placing the solid culture matrix on which the mycelium is grown at 60-75° C. overnight.

8. The fungal mycelium bio-based material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The fungal mycelium bio-based material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fungal mycelium bio-based material has a bending strength of 150 to 400 kPa, preferably, has a bending strength of 350 to 400 kPa.

10. Use of the fungal mycelium bio-based material according to claim 8 in the preparation of biodegradable products.

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