Tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions, which comprises the following steps: step 1, starting a fault surrounding rock analysis system, and performing fault surrounding rock image acquisition and distance determination through an acquisition and analysis mechanism; 2, the fault surrounding rock type and fragmentability are analyzed; 3, a tunnel safety monitoring device is started during excavation, the tunnel safety monitoring device comprises a plurality of strain gauges, safety analysis equipment and pressure alarm equipment, the strain gauges are installed on the tunnel and arranged in a rectangular array, and the strain gauges and the pressure alarm equipment are electrically connected with the safety analysis equipment; 4, analyzing the pressure change trend of the fault surrounding rock during tunnel excavation through safety analysis equipment; and 5, starting the pressure alarm equipment when the fault surrounding rock pressure suddenly changes. According to the invention, all-directional surrounding rock detection and analysis can be realized, the accuracy of real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock pressure at the fault is improved, and the safety of tunnel construction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction monitoring, and in particular to a tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel engineering is an important part of major engineering projects, and its construction has a vital impact on people's travel and economic development. However, during the construction of tunnels, there are many dangers and uncertainties in the construction at the fault. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the surrounding rock at the fault during the construction process to ensure the safety of the construction.

[0003] Faults are fracture zones in the earth's crust, and their movement may have a certain impact on surface and underground buildings. Highway engineering and tunnel engineering are both important projects that need to consider the impact of faults. When highway projects pass through fault areas, the activity of faults may cause problems such as roadbed settlement and road surface cracking. In response to these problems, it is necessary to conduct a careful survey and assessment of the fault conditions during the planning and design stages to provide a basis and guarantee for subsequent construction. When tunnel projects pass through fault areas, the activity of faults will affect the support structure, causing changes in anchor tension, damage, landslides, and other problems. The movement of the strata will also cause certain interference to the construction, so safety monitoring must be done during the construction process.

[0004] Tunnel safety monitoring technology under fault geological conditions still has many shortcomings and deficiencies, especially the construction safety monitoring technology of double-arch tunnels under some special fault geological conditions is not mature enough. It is necessary to further explore more perfect and optimized tunnel safety monitoring technology under fault geological conditions based on previous research.

[0005] Therefore, a tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Start the fault surrounding rock analysis system, which includes a mobile lifting device, on which a collection and analysis mechanism is installed; the fault surrounding rock image is collected and the distance is determined by the collection and analysis mechanism;

[0009] Step 2: Analyze the type and fragmentation of the surrounding rock of the fault through data collection and analysis to make early predictions;

[0010] Step 3: during excavation, the tunnel safety monitoring device is turned on. The tunnel safety monitoring device includes a plurality of strain gauges, a safety analysis device and a pressure alarm device. The plurality of strain gauges are installed on the tunnel. The plurality of strain gauges are arranged in a rectangular array. The plurality of strain gauges and the pressure alarm device are electrically connected to the safety analysis device. The surrounding rock pressure of the fault is measured in real time through the plurality of strain gauges.

[0011] Step 4: Analyze the pressure change trend of the fault surrounding rock during tunnel excavation through the safety analysis equipment to make an early forecast;

[0012] Step 5: Activate the pressure alarm device when the surrounding rock pressure of the fault changes suddenly.

[0013] According to the tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions provided by the present invention, the mobile lifting equipment includes an instrument moving vehicle, and a collection and analysis mechanism and a vertical telescopic frame are installed on the instrument moving vehicle. The telescopic end of the vertical telescopic frame is installed with a horizontal telescopic frame, and the collection end of the collection and analysis mechanism is installed on the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame.

[0014] According to the tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions provided by the present invention, the acquisition and analysis mechanism includes a surrounding rock image and distance analyzer, a high-definition camera and an ultrasonic rangefinder;

[0015] The surrounding rock image and distance analyzer are installed on the instrument mobile vehicle, the high-definition camera and the ultrasonic rangefinder are both installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame, and the high-definition camera and the ultrasonic rangefinder are electrically connected to the surrounding rock image and distance analyzer through information transmission lines.

[0016] According to the tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions provided by the present invention, a flash is installed on the high-definition camera, and the ultrasonic rangefinder includes an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic receiver, and the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic receiver are both installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame.

[0017] According to the tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions provided by the present invention, the safety analysis equipment includes a pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system and a safety judgment system, a plurality of strain gauges are wirelessly connected to the pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system via a strain pressure receiver, and the pressure alarm equipment and the pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system are both electrically connected to the safety judgment system.

[0018] According to the tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions provided by the present invention, the pressure alarm device includes an alarm and a sound system.

[0019] According to the tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions provided by the present invention, in step one, the high-definition camera is used to capture images of the tunnel surrounding rock to analyze the surrounding rock type and degree of fragmentation, and the ultrasonic rangefinder is used to measure the distance between the fault surrounding rock and the excavation point.

[0020] According to the tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions provided by the present invention, in the step four, when using the safety analysis equipment for analysis, the number of measuring points is not less than five, and each measuring point position includes a plurality of strain gauges arranged in a rectangular array.

[0021] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0022] The present invention collects fault surrounding rock images and determines the distance through the collection and analysis mechanism, and can drive the collection and analysis mechanism to move through the mobile lifting device, thereby realizing all-round surrounding rock detection and analysis, making the surrounding rock image more comprehensive and clear, and obtaining more accurate surrounding rock type and crushing conditions through analysis, so as to support the surrounding rock at the fault in advance before construction, ensuring construction safety;

[0023] The strain gauges in the present invention are arranged in a rectangular array when measuring the surrounding rock pressure of the tunnel, which can obtain not only the circumferential surrounding rock pressure change but also the radial surrounding rock pressure change, thereby improving the accuracy of real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock pressure at the fault, thereby performing safe construction according to the monitoring data, and improving the safety of tunnel construction through the pressure alarm device. The present invention has a wide range of application prospects in the field of tunnel construction and is helpful to promote the development of tunnel construction technology.

[0024] The present invention can not only analyze the pressure change trend of the fault surrounding rock during tunnel excavation, but also analyze the displacement change of the surrounding rock according to the surrounding rock pressure and surrounding rock characteristics. It not only has obvious effect on the safety monitoring of double-arch tunnel structure under fault geological conditions, but also has good effect and guiding significance for the safety monitoring of tunnel structure under other engineering geological conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of fault geology of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the fault surrounding rock analysis system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the circumferential distribution of strain gauges in the tunnel in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of radial distribution of strain gauges in the tunnel in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel safety monitoring device in the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 1. Fault fracture zone; 2. First stratigraphic boundary line; 3. Second stratigraphic boundary line; 4. Tunnel; 5. Fault contour line; 6. Ultrasonic rangefinder; 7. High-definition camera; 8. Information transmission line; 9. Horizontal telescopic frame; 10. Vertical telescopic frame; 11. Surrounding rock image and distance analyzer; 12. Instrument mobile vehicle; 13. Strain gauge; 48. Strain pressure receiver; 49. Safety analysis equipment; 50. Pressure alarm equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention provides a tunnel structure safety monitoring method under fault geological conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Start the fault surrounding rock analysis system, which includes a mobile lifting device, on which a collection and analysis mechanism is installed; the fault surrounding rock image is collected and the distance is determined by the collection and analysis mechanism;

[0037] Step 2: Analyze the type and fragmentation of the surrounding rock of the fault through data collection and analysis to make early predictions;

[0038] Step 3: during excavation, the tunnel safety monitoring device is turned on. The tunnel safety monitoring device includes a plurality of strain gauges 13, a safety analysis device 49 and a pressure alarm device 50. The plurality of strain gauges 13 are installed on the tunnel 4. The plurality of strain gauges 13 are arranged in a rectangular array. The plurality of strain gauges 13 and the pressure alarm device 50 are electrically connected to the safety analysis device 49. The surrounding rock pressure of the fault is measured in real time through the plurality of strain gauges 13.

[0039] Step 4: Analyze the pressure change trend of the fault surrounding rock during the excavation of the tunnel 4 through the safety analysis device 49 to make an advance forecast;

[0040] Step 5: When the pressure of the surrounding rock of the fault changes suddenly, the pressure alarm device 50 is activated;

[0041] Among them, the geological changes in the fault zone are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes a fault fracture zone 1 through which the tunnel is excavated, a first stratigraphic boundary 2, a second stratigraphic boundary 3, a tunnel 4, and a fault contour 5;

[0042] With such arrangement, the present invention collects the image of the surrounding rock of the fault and determines the distance through the collection and analysis mechanism, and the collection and analysis mechanism can be driven to move through the mobile lifting device, thereby realizing the detection and analysis of the surrounding rock in all directions, making the surrounding rock image more comprehensive and clear, and obtaining more accurate surrounding rock type and crushing conditions through analysis, so as to support the surrounding rock at the fault in advance before construction, and ensure construction safety;

[0043] The plurality of strain gauges 13 in the present invention are arranged in a rectangular array when measuring the surrounding rock pressure of the tunnel, which can obtain not only the circumferential surrounding rock pressure change but also the radial surrounding rock pressure change, thereby improving the accuracy of real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock pressure at the fault, thereby performing safe construction according to the monitoring data, and improving the safety of tunnel construction through the pressure alarm device 50. The present invention has a wide range of application prospects in the field of tunnel construction and is helpful to promote the development of tunnel construction technology;

[0044] The present invention can not only analyze the pressure change trend of the fault surrounding rock during tunnel excavation, but also analyze the displacement change of the surrounding rock according to the surrounding rock pressure and surrounding rock characteristics. It not only has obvious effect on the safety monitoring of double-arch tunnel structure under fault geological conditions, but also has good effect and guiding significance for the safety monitoring of tunnel structure under other engineering geological conditions.

[0045] Further optimizing the scheme, the mobile lifting device includes an instrument moving vehicle 12, on which a collection and analysis mechanism and a vertical telescopic frame 10 are installed, a horizontal telescopic frame 9 is installed at the telescopic end of the vertical telescopic frame 10, and a collection end of the collection and analysis mechanism is installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame 9;

[0046] The instrument moving vehicle 12, the vertical telescopic frame 10 and the horizontal telescopic frame 9 are used to drive the acquisition and analysis mechanism to move, so as to obtain a full range of surrounding rock images. At the same time, the position and height of the surrounding rock analysis system can be adjusted according to the detection and analysis requirements, so as to more accurately analyze the surrounding rock type and crushing situation.

[0047] To further optimize the scheme, the acquisition and analysis mechanism includes a surrounding rock image and distance analyzer 11, a high-definition camera 7, and an ultrasonic rangefinder 6;

[0048] The surrounding rock image and distance analyzer 11 is installed on the instrument mobile vehicle 12, and the high-definition camera 7 and the ultrasonic distance meter 6 are installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame 9. The high-definition camera 7 and the ultrasonic distance meter 6 are electrically connected to the surrounding rock image and distance analyzer 11 through the information transmission line 8 respectively;

[0049] The high-definition camera 7 is used to photograph the surrounding rock. The surrounding rock image and distance analyzer 11 analyzes the surrounding rock type and degree of fragmentation through the tunnel surrounding rock image taken by the high-definition camera 7, and then determines the position of the fault distance from the excavation section through the ultrasonic rangefinder 6.

[0050] To further optimize the solution, a flash is installed on the high-definition camera 7, and the ultrasonic rangefinder 6 includes an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic receiver, and the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic receiver are both installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame 9; the high-definition camera 7 carries a flash to ensure that clearer surrounding rock images can be taken under complex and dim geological conditions.

[0051] Further optimization scheme, the safety analysis device 49 includes a pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system and a safety judgment system, a plurality of strain gauges 13 are wirelessly connected to the pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system through a strain pressure receiver 48, and the pressure alarm device 50 and the pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system are electrically connected to the safety judgment system; after the pressure data is processed, a safety judgment is quickly performed, and the signal is transmitted to the pressure alarm device 50; the strain data generated by the strain gauge 13 is transmitted to the safety analysis device 49 by radio transmission and data analysis is performed;

[0052] The pressure data measured by the strain gauge 13 is constantly changing during the tunnel excavation process. The safety analysis device 49 can predict the changing trend of the surrounding rock pressure of the tunnel surrounding rock during the excavation process through the changing situation, and analyze the construction risk situation in advance. Construction personnel can use this trend to carry out corresponding support treatment in advance. The pressure alarm device 50 is usually triggered by the signal transmitted by the safety analysis device 49 when the surrounding rock pressure does not change according to the trend and a sudden change occurs. When the surrounding rock pressure changes with the changing trend, under extreme conditions, the safety analysis device 49 will also transmit a signal to start the pressure alarm device 50.

[0053] As a further optimization solution, the pressure alarm device 50 includes an alarm and a sound system, which is automatically triggered when there is a safety risk.

[0054] To further optimize the solution, in step 1, a high-definition camera 7 is used to capture an image of the surrounding rock of the tunnel 4 to analyze the type and degree of fragmentation of the surrounding rock, and an ultrasonic rangefinder 6 is used to measure the distance between the fault surrounding rock and the excavation point.

[0055] To further optimize the solution, in step 4, when using the safety analysis equipment 49 for analysis, the number of measuring points is no less than five, and each measuring point location includes a plurality of strain gauges 13 arranged in a rectangular array; each group of rectangularly arranged strain gauges 13 serves as a unit and a measuring point to monitor the real-time surrounding rock pressure at the location, and each group of strain gauges 13 can accurately detect the surrounding rock pressure of the corresponding part of the measuring points in real time, and then determine the surrounding rock type and crushing situation through the average value of the surrounding rock data at each measuring point.

[0056] When the present invention is used, according to regional data, there are 17 faults in and around the tunnel site, mainly torsional faults, and the age belongs to the Yanshan-Himalayan period. There are mainly 5 faults related to or close to the proposed site. Combined with the geophysical exploration results along the tunnel site, it is preliminarily inferred that there is a fault fracture zone passing through. Affected by the surrounding faults, many relatively broken rock masses appear along the direction of the tunnel site. The rock strata in the above fault zones are squeezed and broken, and fault breccias are distributed, which are angular to sub-angular, mud-filled, and relatively dense. The groundwater flowability in local sections of the fault is good, and groundwater channels are formed in local sections. This fault has not shown any activity since the neotectonic period, and has no controlling effect on Quaternary sedimentation. It is an older inactive fault.

[0057] The specific process of tunnel excavation safety monitoring under fault geological conditions is as follows:

[0058] First, the fault surrounding rock analysis system is needed to detect the properties and crushing properties of the surrounding rock at the fault and the distance between the fault and the excavation. First, the instrument mobile vehicle 12, the horizontal telescopic frame 9 and the vertical telescopic frame 10 need to be adjusted to the best position, and then the high-definition camera 7 on the instrument is used to take pictures of the fault surrounding rock. The ultrasonic rangefinder 6 is turned on to detect the position of the tunnel excavation surface from the fault crushing zone 1. This part of information is transmitted to the surrounding rock image and distance analyzer 11 through the information transmission line 8, and advance prediction and support are carried out according to the analysis;

[0059] At the same time, a tunnel safety monitoring device is used to monitor the surrounding rock pressure at the fault in real time. The strain gauge 13 in the device is used to sense the real-time surrounding rock pressure at the fault during tunnel excavation, and the real-time surrounding rock pressure is transmitted wirelessly to the safety analysis device 49 through the strain pressure receiver 48. The system processes the real-time surrounding rock pressure data and obtains the surrounding rock pressure change trend. When the data change trend suddenly changes, the pressure alarm device 50 will be triggered.

[0060] Among them, for the fault surrounding rock analysis system, when using the high-definition camera 7 and the ultrasonic rangefinder 6, they need to be in the appropriate position, which requires the adjustment of the instrument mobile vehicle 12, the horizontal telescopic frame 9 and the vertical telescopic frame 10; the up and down lifting and forward and backward extension of the instrument are adjusted by the telescopic frame, and the quality of the camera pictures is determined by the up and down and left and right adjustments; the surrounding movement and rotation of the instrument mobile vehicle 12 can take all-round surrounding rock pictures, and can determine more accurate surrounding rock properties and crushing conditions. When the environment in the tunnel is dim, the high-definition camera is also equipped with a flash to obtain clearer fault surrounding rock pictures.

[0061] Among them, the height and depth of the fault position where the strain gauge 13 is located can affect the safety of the tunnel. The higher the position of the stress sensor is, the higher the danger level will be when the stress at the position of the strain gauge 13 is abnormal. When the initial support at the top of the tunnel fails to meet the bearing requirements and the height is high, the danger level will be higher than that on both sides of the tunnel when a fault occurs. When the depth of the stress sensor is deep, when the stress at the position of the stress sensor is abnormal, the danger level will be higher. If a safety hazard occurs at the depth of the tunnel, it will be more difficult to evacuate personnel, so the danger level will be higher. When determining the safety in the tunnel, the effect of the detection pressure data should be determined based on the position of the strain gauge 13, and the data detected by the stress sensor at a higher height should be given more attention in the analysis in the safety analysis device 49.

[0062] Among them, according to the example of the present invention, the cross-section of the tunnel 4 is arc-shaped, and the spacing between the strain gauges 13 in the circumferential direction is an arc spacing. It can be considered that the strain gauge 13 divides the arc into equal parts, and the distance between each equal part is the arc distance. According to the pressure data of the strain gauge 13, the position and the numerical distance between the arcs, the analysis situation after the strain pressure receiver 48 wirelessly transmits it to the safety analysis device 49 is determined.

[0063] Among them, in the tunnel safety monitoring device, the strain gauges 13 are evenly arranged in space in a matrix form, and each group of rectangularly arranged strain gauges serves as a unit and a measuring point to monitor the real-time surrounding rock pressure at the location.

[0064] The following lists several situations simulated using the tunnel safety monitoring device.

[0065] Simulation 1: Simulation 1 is mainly aimed at monitoring the sudden change of pressure of the surrounding rock of the fault during tunnel excavation. First, several strain gauges 13 are installed on the pre-prepared tunnel model, and the strain gauges 13 are connected to the sensor positioning and safety analysis equipment 49 and the pressure alarm equipment 50, and the connection state between the strain pressure receiver 48 and the safety analysis equipment 49 is debugged. Then, a large external force is suddenly applied to the uniformly stressed tunnel model, and the tunnel cross-section bearing capacity quickly reaches the limit. The safety analysis equipment 49 accurately locates the sudden change of pressure, and the sudden change pressure data is recorded at the same time, and the sudden change pressure value when the pressure alarm equipment 50 alarms is observed.

[0066] Simulation 2: Simulation 2 is mainly aimed at monitoring the uniform change of fault surrounding rock pressure when excavating the fault in the tunnel. First, several strain gauges 13 are installed on the pre-prepared tunnel model, and the strain gauges 13 are connected to the sensor positioning and safety analysis equipment 49 and the pressure alarm equipment 50, and the connection status between the strain pressure receiver 48 and the safety analysis equipment 49 is debugged. Then, the force is uniformly applied to the tunnel section. As time goes by, when the tunnel section slowly reaches the bearing limit, the safety analysis equipment 49 is used to accurately locate the position where the pressure reaches the limit, and the limit pressure data is recorded at the same time, and the limit pressure value when the pressure alarm equipment 50 alarms is observed.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0068] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technical users in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring tunnel structure safety under fault geological conditions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Start the fault surrounding rock analysis system, which includes a mobile lifting device, on which a collection and analysis mechanism is installed; the fault surrounding rock image is collected and the distance is determined by the collection and analysis mechanism; Step 2: Analyze the type and fragmentation of the surrounding rock of the fault through data collection and analysis to make early predictions; Step 3: during excavation, a tunnel safety monitoring device is turned on, wherein the tunnel safety monitoring device comprises a plurality of strain gauges (13), a safety analysis device (49) and a pressure alarm device (50), wherein the plurality of strain gauges (13) are installed on the tunnel (4), the plurality of strain gauges (13) are arranged in a rectangular array, the plurality of strain gauges (13) and the pressure alarm device (50) are electrically connected to the safety analysis device (49), and the surrounding rock pressure of the fault is measured in real time through the plurality of strain gauges (13); Step 4: Analyze the pressure change trend of the fault surrounding rock during tunnel (4) excavation by the safety analysis device (49) to make an early forecast; Step 5: When the pressure of the surrounding rock of the fault changes suddenly, the pressure alarm device (50) is activated.

2. The method for monitoring tunnel structure safety under fault geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile lifting device comprises an instrument moving vehicle (12), on which a collection and analysis mechanism and a vertical telescopic frame (10) are installed, a horizontal telescopic frame (9) is installed at the telescopic end of the vertical telescopic frame (10), and a collection end of the collection and analysis mechanism is installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame (9).

3. The method for monitoring tunnel structure safety under fault geological conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition and analysis mechanism comprises a surrounding rock image and distance analyzer (11), a high-definition camera (7) and an ultrasonic rangefinder (6); The surrounding rock image and distance analyzer (11) is installed on the instrument mobile vehicle (12), the high-definition camera (7) and the ultrasonic distance meter (6) are both installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame (9), and the high-definition camera (7) and the ultrasonic distance meter (6) are electrically connected to the surrounding rock image and distance analyzer (11) through an information transmission line (8).

4. The method for monitoring tunnel structure safety under fault geological conditions according to claim 3 is characterized by: The high-definition camera (7) is equipped with a flashlight, and the ultrasonic rangefinder (6) comprises an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic receiver, and the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic receiver are both installed at the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic frame (9).

5. The method for monitoring tunnel structure safety under fault geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety analysis device (49) includes a pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system and a safety judgment system. The plurality of strain gauges (13) are wirelessly connected to the pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system via a strain pressure receiver (48). The pressure alarm device (50) and the pressure value receiving, analyzing and processing system are both electrically connected to the safety judgment system.

6. The method for monitoring tunnel structure safety under fault geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure alarm device (50) comprises an alarm and a sound system.

7. The method for monitoring tunnel structure safety under fault geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 1, the high-definition camera (7) is used to take an image of the surrounding rock of the tunnel (4) to analyze the type and degree of fragmentation of the surrounding rock, and the ultrasonic rangefinder (6) is used to measure the distance between the fault surrounding rock and the excavation point.

8. The method for monitoring tunnel structure safety under fault geological conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 4, when the safety analysis device (49) is used for analysis, the number of measuring points is not less than five, and each measuring point position includes a plurality of strain gauges (13) arranged in a rectangular array.

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