Pump turbine upper crown leakage stopping ring with sawtooth-shaped sealing face

Abstract

The invention discloses a pump turbine crown leakproof ring with a sawtooth-shaped sealing face, and relates to the technical field of through-flow component sealing, the pump turbine crown leakproof ring comprises a leakproof ring body and a runner crown, the leakproof ring body is matched with the runner crown, and by adopting the leakproof ring, the sealing performance of the leakproof ring can be improved, the water flow stability of a sealing gap is improved, and the sealing effect is improved. Meanwhile, when it is detected that the water flow pressure change is large, the sealing performance is reduced or water flow leakage is abnormal, under the cooperation of an energy-saving control motor, a shunt disc, a connecting column rod and a rectangular groove rod, in the adjusting process, the right side connecting and fixing sealing face is kept fixed, and the sealing performance is improved. The size of the movable adjusting gap is accurately controlled through movement of the left side connecting sliding sealing face so as to adapt to different operation working conditions and sealing requirements, and in the operation process of the pump turbine, the gap is adjusted at any time through the self-adaptive control assembly according to working condition changes so as to ensure that the sealing performance of the leakage stopping ring is always in a good state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sealing of flow-through components, in particular to a water pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface. Background Art

[0002] As an important energy conversion equipment, pump turbine plays a key role in peak load shifting and valley filling in the power system. In the design and operation of pump turbine, the leak-proof ring (also called water guide ring or sealing ring) is one of the key components to ensure the efficiency and safety of the unit. The main function of the leak-proof ring is to reduce the leakage of water in the gap between the runner and other parts of the unit, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the unit. The upper leak-proof ring is set between the runner and the top cover of the pump turbine, and the runner upper crown and the upper leak-proof ring gap are used in conjunction to reduce water leakage.

[0003] Due to the continuous flushing of water flow and the wear of unit components, the sealing gap of the leak-proof ring will change, resulting in increased leakage and affecting the efficiency of the unit. If the gap is too large, water will leak through these gaps, resulting in pressure loss and uneven pressure distribution. In severe cases, it can cause strong pressure pulsations, which will be transmitted to other parts of the turbine, including the top cover and the shaft system, causing vibration. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a pump turbine crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface to solve the problem that the sealing gap of the leak-proof ring will change due to the continuous scouring of water flow and the wear of the unit components, resulting in increased leakage and affecting the unit efficiency. If the gap is too large, the water will leak through these gaps, resulting in pressure loss and uneven pressure distribution. In severe cases, it can cause strong pressure pulsations, which will be transmitted to other parts of the turbine, including the top cover and the shaft system, causing vibration.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface, comprising a leak-proof ring body and a runner upper crown, wherein the leak-proof ring body cooperates with the runner upper crown, and an adjustment gap exists between the two; The leak-proof ring body comprises an upper end face, a lower end face and a stepped sealing surface, the stepped sealing surface is provided with saw teeth, a saw tooth gap exists between the saw teeth, the saw teeth arranged in the stepped sealing surface surround the leak-proof ring body, the saw teeth are parallel to the upper end face and the lower end face of the leak-proof ring body, and an adaptive control component is installed on the back side of the saw teeth and the saw tooth gap; The adaptive control component includes an energy-saving control motor, the output end of the energy-saving control motor is connected to a transfer plate, a connecting column rod is fastened to the surface of the transfer plate, the outside of the connecting column rod is slidably connected to a rectangular groove rod, the bottom of the rectangular groove rod is fastened to a half-toothed ring, the bottom end of the half-toothed ring is meshed with a sliding tooth column, the side end of the sliding tooth column is fastened to a left connecting sliding sealing surface, the side end of the sliding tooth column is slidably connected to a fixed inner slide groove column, the side end of the fixed inner slide groove column is fastened to a right connecting fixed sealing surface, the serrations are respectively located on the sides of the left connecting sliding sealing surface and the right connecting fixed sealing surface, forming an active adjustment gap control operation.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of drainage grooves are equidistantly provided on the surface of the left side connected to the sliding sealing surface, and the side ends of the plurality of drainage grooves are connected to buffer chambers. The leak-stop ring body is a circular ring structure, and its outer diameter is 1.1-1.2 times of its inner diameter, and the height between the upper end face and the lower end face is 0.08-0.12 times of the outer diameter of the leak-stop ring body.

[0007] Furthermore, a buffer plate is embedded and installed inside the buffer chamber, an array-type buffer cavity is opened on the surface of the buffer plate, a rotating shaft is installed at the middle end of the inner part of the array-type buffer cavity, a slow-flow turn plate is sleeved on the outer part of the rotating shaft, and the slow-flow turn plate forms a rotational connection inside the array-type buffer cavity through the rotating shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the stepped sealing surface is evenly provided with mutually parallel serrations in the axial direction of the leak-proof ring body.

[0009] Furthermore, the sawtooth width is 0.035-0.04 times of the stepped sealing surface, and the sawtooth height is 0.03-0.0.035 times of the adjustment gap.

[0010] Furthermore, the sawtooth gap width is equal to the sawtooth width.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, compared with the existing leak-proof ring on the pump turbine, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Due to the introduction of serrations on the stepped sealing surface of the upper stop-leak ring, the water flow between the stop-leak ring and the upper crown of the runner cannot flow directly, thereby improving the sealing performance of the upper stop-leak ring, further reducing the pressure loss of the water flow, and reducing the uneven distribution of pressure. At the same time, when it is detected that the water flow pressure changes greatly, there is a decrease in sealing performance or abnormal water leakage, the energy-saving control motor starts to rotate, driving the turntable to rotate, so that the connecting column rod on the turntable rotates, and since the connecting column rod is slidably connected to the outside of the rectangular groove rod, the rotation of the turntable will cause the rectangular groove rod to move up and down. The bottom of the rectangular groove rod is connected to a semi-toothed tooth ring, and the semi-toothed tooth ring moves up and down with the movement of the rectangular groove rod, and then meshes with the sliding tooth column. When the semi-toothed tooth ring moves upward When the half-toothed ring moves downward, the sliding tooth column slides to the right to increase the active adjustment gap. During the adjustment process, the right-side connected fixed sealing surface remains fixed, and the size of the active adjustment gap is accurately controlled by moving the left-side connected sliding sealing surface to adapt to different operating conditions and sealing requirements. During the operation of the pump turbine, the adaptive control component is used to adjust the gap at any time according to changes in operating conditions to ensure that the sealing performance of the leak-proof ring is always in good condition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the actual application of the pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface in the present invention; Figure 2 The invention discloses a water pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a sawtooth sealing surface. Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of local A; Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of a part B of the upper crown stop-leakage ring of a water pump turbine with a serrated sealing surface in the present invention, which is used to reflect the stepped sealing surface of the upper stop-leakage ring; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the stepped sealing surface of the upper crown stop ring of the water pump turbine with the sawtooth sealing surface in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the adaptive control component of the upper crown leak-proof ring of the water pump turbine with a serrated sealing surface in the present invention; Figure 6 The invention discloses a water pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a sawtooth sealing surface. Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of local C; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adaptive control assembly of a pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a coordinate data table of an adaptive control component of a water pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface in the present invention.

[0013] In the figure: 1. Leak-proof ring body; 11. Upper end face; 12. Lower end face; 13. Step sealing surface; 131. Serration; 132. Sawtooth gap; 2. Rotor crown; 3. Adjustment gap; 4. Drainage groove; 5. Buffer chamber; 6. Adaptive control component; 61. Energy-saving control motor; 62. Turntable; 63. Connecting column; 64. Rectangular groove rod; 65. Half-tooth tooth ring; 66. Sliding tooth column; 67. Fixed inner slide column; 7. Buffer plate; 8. Array buffer chamber; 9. Slow flow turn plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown: a pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface, including a leak-proof ring body 1 and a runner upper crown 2, the leak-proof ring body 1 cooperates with the runner upper crown 2, and there is an adjustment gap 3 between the two; the leak-proof ring body 1 includes an upper end surface 11, a lower end surface 12 and a stepped sealing surface 13, the stepped sealing surface 13 has serrations 131, and there is a serration gap 132 between the serrations 131, the serrations 131 arranged in the stepped sealing surface 13 surround the leak-proof ring body 1, the serrations 131 are parallel to the upper end surface 11 and the lower end surface 12 of the leak-proof ring body 1, and an adaptive control component 6 is installed on the back side of the serrations 131 and the serration gap 132; the adaptive control component 6 includes an energy-saving control circuit Machine 61, the output end of the energy-saving control motor 61 is connected to a transfer plate 62, the surface of the transfer plate 62 is fastened with a connecting column 63, the outside of the connecting column 63 is slidably connected with a rectangular groove rod 64, the bottom of the rectangular groove rod 64 is fastened with a half-toothed ring 65, the bottom end of the half-toothed ring 65 is meshed with a sliding tooth column 66, the side end of the sliding tooth column 66 is fastened with a left connecting sliding sealing surface, the side end of the sliding tooth column 66 is slidably engaged with a fixed inner slide groove column 67, the side end of the fixed inner slide groove column 67 is fastened with a right connecting fixed sealing surface, the serrations 131 are respectively located on the sides of the left connecting sliding sealing surface and the right connecting fixed sealing surface, forming a movable adjustment gap control operation.

[0016] In a specific scheme, when the pump turbine is operating, the built-in sensor controller in the leak-proof ring monitors the operating parameters of the pump turbine in real time, including water pressure, flow rate, and pressure changes around the leak-proof ring, and transmits these data to the microprocessor controller connected to the energy-saving control motor 61. The microprocessor controller analyzes the real-time data transmitted by the built-in sensor controller. When it is detected that the water pressure changes greatly, the sealing performance is reduced or the water leakage is abnormal, the microprocessor controller calculates the size of the active adjustment gap that needs to be adjusted according to a preset algorithm. Once it is determined that the gap needs to be adjusted, the microprocessor controller sends a start command to the energy-saving control motor 61, so that the energy-saving control motor 61 starts to rotate, driving the turntable 62 to rotate, so that the connecting column rod 63 on the turntable 62 rotates, and because the connecting column rod 63 is slidably connected to the outside of the rectangular slot rod 64, the rotation of the turntable 62 will cause the rectangular slot rod 64 to move up and down, and the rectangular The bottom of the groove rod 64 is connected to a half-toothed ring 65, which moves up and down with the movement of the rectangular groove rod 64, and then generates meshing transmission with the sliding tooth column 66. When the half-toothed ring 65 moves upward, it will drive the sliding tooth column 66 to slide to the left in the fixed inner sliding groove column 67. Because the sliding tooth column 66 is tightly connected to the left connecting sliding sealing surface, the left connecting sliding sealing surface will move to the left, thereby reducing the active adjustment gap between the left connecting sliding sealing surface and the sawtooth 131; conversely, when the half-toothed ring 65 moves downward, the sliding tooth column 66 slides to the right to increase the active adjustment gap. During the adjustment process, the right connecting fixed sealing surface remains fixed, and the size of the active adjustment gap is accurately controlled by moving the left connecting sliding sealing surface to adapt to different operating conditions and sealing requirements. During the operation of the pump turbine, the adaptive control component 6 is used to adjust the gap at any time according to changes in operating conditions to ensure that the sealing performance of the leak-proof ring is always in good condition.

[0017] In this embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, a plurality of groups of drainage grooves 4 are evenly spaced on the surface connected to the sliding sealing surface on the left side, and the side ends of the plurality of groups of drainage grooves 4 are connected to buffer chambers 5. The leak-proof ring body 1 is a circular ring structure, and its outer diameter is 1.1-1.2 times of its inner diameter, and the height between the upper end face 11 and the lower end face 12 is 0.08-0.12 times of the outer diameter of the leak-proof ring body 1; a buffer plate 7 is embedded in the buffer chamber 5, and an array buffer chamber 8 is provided on the surface of the buffer plate 7, and the inside of the array buffer chamber 8 A rotating shaft is installed at the middle end, and a slow-flow turn plate 9 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. The slow-flow turn plate 9 forms a rotating connection inside the array-type buffer chamber 8 through the rotating shaft; the stepped sealing surface 13 is evenly and axially arranged with mutually parallel serrations 131 on the leak-proof ring body 1; the width of the serration 131 is 0.035-0.04 times of the stepped sealing surface 13; the height of the serration 131 is 0.03-0.0.035 times of the adjustment gap 2, and the width of the serration gap 132 is equal to the width of the serration 131.

[0018] In a specific scheme, when the pump turbine is running, the water flows from the outside to the inside of the stop-leak ring body 1, and first hits the upper end face 11 and the lower end face 12 and the stepped sealing surface 13 of the stop-leak ring body 1. A part of the water tries to leak to the side of the runner upper crown 2 through the sawtooth gap 132 between the sawtooth 131. At the same time, another part of the water flows into the drainage groove 4 connected to the sliding sealing surface on the left side, and the drainage groove 4 is arranged at equal intervals to evenly guide the water flow to each buffer chamber 5, and begin to preliminarily guide and buffer the water flow. After the water flows into the buffer chamber 5, it impacts the buffer plate 7. The array buffer cavity 8 on the surface of the buffer plate 7 further disperses the water flow and reduces the impact speed and pressure of the water flow. In the array buffer cavity 8, the slow-flow rotating plate 9 surrounds the rotor under the impact of the water flow. The rotation of the moving shaft causes the rotation of the slow-flow turn plate 9, which disrupts the flow direction of the water and consumes the energy of the water, so that the water forms a relatively stable turbulent state in the buffer chamber 5, reducing the direct impact force of the water and the destructive effect on the sealing structure. After that, a part of the water treated by the buffer chamber 5 will seep out from the connection between the buffer chamber 5 and the sawtooth 131, but due to the special structure of the sawtooth 131 and the control of the movable adjustment gap between the left-side connecting sliding sealing surface and the right-side connecting fixed sealing surface by the above-mentioned adaptive control component 6, the leakage of the water flow can be effectively limited. The sawtooth gap 132 between the sawtooth 131 forms a complex sealing path. When the water flows through these gaps, due to the narrowness of the gap and the obstruction of the sawtooth, it will generate greater resistance, further reducing leakage.

[0019] It should be noted that: in the upper stop ring cross section of the XOZ plane, 50 points are evenly selected on the zigzag line of the stepped sealing surface 13, the Y coordinates of these points are all 0, and the X and Z coordinates (unit: mm) are as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0020] The wiring diagram of the energy-saving control motor 6, sensor controller and microprocessor controller in the present invention is common knowledge in the field, and its working principle is a well-known technology. The model is selected according to the actual use, so the control method and wiring layout of the energy-saving control motor 6, sensor controller and microprocessor controller are no longer explained in detail.

[0021] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless defined as herein.

[0022] The method of use and working principle of the device are as follows: first, when the water pump turbine is running, the water flows from the outside to the inside of the stop-leak ring body 1, and first hits the upper end face 11 and the lower end face 12 and the stepped sealing surface 13 of the stop-leak ring body 1. A part of the water tries to leak to the side of the runner upper crown 2 through the sawtooth gap 132 between the sawtooth 131. At the same time, another part of the water flows into the drainage groove 4 connected to the sliding sealing surface on the left side, and the drainage groove 4 is arranged at equal intervals to evenly guide the water flow to each buffer chamber 5, and start to preliminarily guide and buffer the water flow. After the water flows into the buffer chamber 5, it hits the buffer plate 7. The array-type buffer on the surface of the buffer plate 7 The punching cavity 8 further disperses the water flow, reduces the impact speed and pressure of the water flow, and in the array buffer cavity 8, the slow-flow turn plate 9 rotates around the rotation axis under the impact of the water flow, so that the rotation of the slow-flow turn plate 9 disrupts the flow direction of the water flow and consumes the energy of the water flow, so that the water flow forms a relatively stable turbulent state in the buffer chamber 5, reducing the direct impact force of the water flow and the destructive effect on the sealing structure. After that, a part of the water flow processed by the buffer chamber 5 will seep out from the connection between the buffer chamber 5 and the sawtooth 131, and then the built-in sensor controller in the leak-proof ring monitors the operating parameters of the water pump turbine in real time, including water flow pressure, flow rate and The microprocessor controller 61 is connected to the energy-saving control motor 61, and the microprocessor controller is used to analyze the real-time data transmitted by the built-in sensor controller. When it is detected that the water flow pressure changes greatly, the sealing performance is reduced or the water flow leakage is abnormal, the microprocessor controller will calculate the size of the active adjustment gap that needs to be adjusted according to the preset algorithm. Once it is determined that the gap needs to be adjusted, the microprocessor controller sends a start command to the energy-saving control motor 61, so that the energy-saving control motor 61 starts to rotate, driving the turntable 62 to rotate, so that the connecting column 63 on the turntable 62 rotates. The connecting column 63 is slidably connected to the outside of the rectangular groove rod 64, and the rotation of the turntable 62 causes the rectangular groove rod 64 to move up and down. The bottom of the rectangular groove rod 64 is connected to the semi-toothed tooth ring 65. The semi-toothed tooth ring 65 moves up and down with the movement of the rectangular groove rod 64, and then meshes with the sliding tooth column 66. When the semi-toothed tooth ring 65 moves upward, it drives the sliding tooth column 66 to slide to the left in the fixed inner slide groove column 67. Because the sliding tooth column 66 is tightly connected to the left connecting sliding sealing surface, the left connecting sliding sealing surface will move to the left, thereby reducing the movable adjustment gap between the left connecting sliding sealing surface and the sawtooth 131.On the contrary, when the half-toothed tooth ring 65 moves downward, the sliding tooth column 66 slides to the right to increase the movable adjustment gap. During the adjustment process, the right-side connected fixed sealing surface remains fixed, and the size of the movable adjustment gap is accurately controlled by moving the left-side connected sliding sealing surface to adapt to different operating conditions and sealing requirements. During the operation of the water pump turbine, the adaptive control component 6 is used to adjust the gap at any time according to the change of the operating conditions to ensure that the sealing performance of the leak-proof ring is always in a good state, so that the overall leakage of the water flow can be effectively limited. The sawtooth gaps 132 between the sawtooths 131 form a complex sealing path. When the water flow passes through these gaps, due to the narrowness of the gaps and the obstruction of the sawtooth, it will generate greater resistance, further reducing leakage. ;

[0023] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface, characterized in that: It comprises a leak-proof ring body (1) and a rotating wheel upper crown (2), wherein the leak-proof ring body (1) cooperates with the rotating wheel upper crown (2), and an adjustment gap (3) exists between the two. The leak-proof ring body (1) comprises an upper end surface (11), a lower end surface (12) and a stepped sealing surface (13); the stepped sealing surface (13) has saw teeth (131); saw tooth gaps (132) exist between the saw teeth (131); the saw teeth (131) arranged in the stepped sealing surface (13) surround the leak-proof ring body (1); the saw teeth (131) are parallel to the upper end surface (11) and the lower end surface (12) of the leak-proof ring body (1); and an adaptive control component (6) is installed on the back side of the saw teeth (131) and the saw tooth gaps (132); The adaptive control component (6) comprises an energy-saving control motor (61), the output end of the energy-saving control motor (61) is connected to a transfer plate (62), a connecting column (63) is fastened to the surface of the transfer plate (62), the outside of the connecting column (63) is slidably connected to a rectangular groove rod (64), the bottom of the rectangular groove rod (64) is fastened to a half-toothed tooth ring (65), the bottom end of the half-toothed tooth ring (65) is meshingly connected to a sliding tooth column (66), the side end of the sliding tooth column (66) is fastened to a left connecting sliding sealing surface, the side end of the sliding tooth column (66) is slidably engaged with a fixed inner sliding groove column (67), the side end of the fixed inner sliding groove column (67) is fastened to a right connecting fixed sealing surface, and the saw teeth (131) are respectively located on the side edges of the left connecting sliding sealing surface and the right connecting fixed sealing surface, forming a movable adjustment gap control operation.

2. The pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of drainage grooves (4) are equidistantly arranged on the surface of the left side connected to the sliding sealing surface, and the side ends of the plurality of groups of drainage grooves (4) are all connected to a buffer chamber (5). The leak-stopping ring body (1) is a circular ring structure, and its outer diameter is 1.1-1.2 times its inner diameter. The height between the upper end surface (11) and the lower end surface (12) is 0.08-0.12 times the outer diameter of the leak-stopping ring body (1).

3. The pump turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer plate (7) is embedded and installed inside the buffer chamber (5), an array buffer chamber (8) is provided on the surface of the buffer plate (7), a rotating shaft is installed at the middle end of the array buffer chamber (8), a slow flow transfer plate (9) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and the slow flow transfer plate (9) is rotatably connected to the inside of the array buffer chamber (8) via the rotating shaft.

4. The pump-turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped sealing surface (13) is evenly provided with mutually parallel serrations (131) in the axial direction of the leak-proof ring body (1).

5. The pump-turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the saw teeth (131) is 0.035-0.04 times that of the stepped sealing surface (13), and the height of the saw teeth (131) is 0.03-0.0.035 times that of the adjustment gap (2).

6. The pump-turbine upper crown leak-proof ring with a serrated sealing surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the sawtooth gap (132) is equal to the width of the sawtooth (131).

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