Cable tensile strength detection method
By strictly following the standards in the detection of cable tensile strength, calibrating the equipment, selecting representative samples, and conducting detailed data recording and analysis, the problems of inaccurate and unreliable detection results in the prior art are solved, and a higher level of Inspection accuracy and quality control level.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411421339.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
AI Technical Summary
The existing cable tensile strength detection methods have problems such as inconsistent detection standards, insufficient equipment accuracy and stability, and major operating standards and human factors, which makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of the detection results.
A cable tensile strength detection method is adopted, including standard determination and equipment calibration, sample selection and processing, detection preparation and operation, and the collation and analysis of test data. By strictly following the standards, calibrating the equipment, selecting representative samples, and recording the tension and elongation value in real time until the sample breaks, and finally data analysis and report writing.
It improves the accuracy and reliability of the inspection results, enhances the repeatability and consistency of the inspection process, improves the level of cable quality control, and can promptly detect defects and problems in cable tensile performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN119437880A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cable strength testing, and in particular to a cable tensile strength testing method. Background Art
[0002] Cable tensile strength testing refers to the process of testing and evaluating the maximum tensile force that a cable can withstand during stretching. This test is a very important quality control method in the cable industry and is of great significance for ensuring the quality and performance of cable products.
[0003] In the existing technology, the cable tensile strength detection method still has some shortcomings, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Uniformity and applicability of testing standards The tensile strength test standards for cables in different industries and application scenarios may differ, making it difficult to directly compare the test results. Some standards may not fully consider the characteristics and usage environment of a specific type of cable, resulting in deviations between the test results and the actual situation. 2. Accuracy and stability of testing equipment The measurement accuracy of some testing equipment may be affected due to manufacturing process and age, resulting in inaccurate test results. During long-term and high-frequency testing, the stability of the equipment may decrease, thus affecting the reliability of the test results. 3. Operational norms and human factors during the testing process If the testers fail to strictly follow the operating procedures when conducting the test, errors may occur in the test results. Some testing links may rely on the testers' experience and judgment, which increases the subjectivity and uncertainty of the test results to a certain extent.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a cable tensile strength detection method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a cable tensile strength detection method.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for detecting the tensile strength of a cable comprises the following steps: Step 1: Standard determination and equipment calibration: According to the specific type, purpose and industry standards of the cable, determine the applicable tensile strength test standards, including IEC60811-501 and ASTMD412 international standards, to ensure the universality and comparability of the test results, select a material testing machine or an electronic tensile testing machine, and calibrate the equipment to ensure that the measurement accuracy, loading rate and displacement control key parameters of the testing machine meet the standard requirements; Step 2: Sample selection and processing: Randomly select representative samples from the batch of cables to be tested, ensuring that the number of samples is sufficient and there are no obvious defects. The samples should cover different parts and cross-sections of the cables to improve the comprehensiveness of the test results. The selected samples should be pre-processed, including removing surface dirt and cutting into standard size samples. The cuts of the samples should be smooth and without damage to avoid affecting the test results. Step 3: Test preparation and operation: Install and debug the test machine, ensure that the fixture is firmly installed and the axis of the sample is consistent with the direction of tension, set the test parameters according to the test standards, including the stretching rate and the maximum tension, clamp the two ends of the pre-treated cable sample in the fixture of the test machine, ensure that the clamping is firm and the sample is in a relaxed state, and pay attention to avoid additional bending or torsional stress on the sample during the clamping process, start the test machine, and apply tension to the sample at the set stretching rate. During the stretching process, record the tension value and elongation in real time until the sample breaks. At the same time, observe the deformation and "necking" phenomenon of the sample for subsequent analysis. After the test, save the test data immediately, including the tension-elongation curve, tensile strength, and elongation at break key parameters. At the same time, clean and maintain the test machine to prepare for the next test; Step 4. Organize and analyze the test data, calculate the key indicators of the cable's tensile strength and elongation at break, compare them with the standard value or expected value, and evaluate whether the cable's tensile performance is qualified. Analyze the deformation behavior and fracture mode of the specimen during the stretching process, explore the factors affecting the cable's tensile strength, and propose improvement suggestions or adjust the test plan based on the analysis results. Write a test report, record the test process, test data, analysis results and conclusions in detail. The report should clearly, accurately and completely reflect the cable's tensile strength performance.
[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step one, the applicability of each standard is evaluated according to the specific type, purpose, and working environment factors of the cable, and the standard that can reflect the actual performance of the cable is selected for testing. According to the testing requirements, a material testing machine or an electronic tensile testing machine is selected, and the measurement range, accuracy level, and loading method of the equipment are considered. An equipment calibration plan is formulated, the calibration cycle, calibration items, and calibration standards are clarified, and necessary calibration tools and equipment are prepared, including standard weights, calibration rulers, and thermometers. The fixture, transmission mechanism, measurement system, force sensor, displacement sensor, and control system of the testing machine are checked and calibrated, and the software functions of the testing machine, including data acquisition, processing, storage, and report generation, are verified.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step 2, a random sampling method is adopted to select samples from the cable batch, and a reasonable number of samples is determined according to the testing standards and the specifications and usage factors of the cables, and the selected samples are visually inspected to exclude samples with obvious defects, and qualified samples are marked and recorded, including sample numbers, sources, and specification information, for subsequent traceability, and dirt and grease impurities on the surface of the cable samples are removed using detergents and tools, and the cleaned samples are placed in a dry and ventilated place to dry naturally, or are quickly dried in an oven to ensure that the samples are in a dry state before testing, and according to the requirements of the testing standards, the cable samples are cut into standard-sized specimens so that the length, width, and thickness of the specimens meet the standard requirements, and the prepared specimens are stored in a dry, clean, non-corrosive environment.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step three, according to the shape, size and material of the cable sample, a suitable clamp is selected. The clamp should have sufficient clamping force to firmly clamp the sample and avoid causing additional damage to the sample during the stretching process. According to the range of the testing machine and the expected strength of the cable sample, a suitable maximum tensile force value is set to avoid overloading the testing machine or breaking the sample due to slipping of the clamp before reaching the true strength. The two ends of the cable sample are clamped in the clamp of the testing machine respectively to ensure that the clamping position is accurate and stable to avoid additional bending or torsional stress during the clamping process. The testing machine is started according to the set parameters and tension is applied to the sample. During the stretching process, the operating status of the testing machine and the deformation of the sample are recorded, and the tension value and elongation data during the stretching process are recorded in real time. The test machine's own data acquisition system or an external data recording device is used for recording. During the stretching process, the deformation behavior and fracture mode of the sample are observed, and it is recorded whether the sample has necking or cracking phenomena, and whether the fracture position is in the middle area of the sample.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step 4, the collected raw data of tension and elongation are cleaned, outliers or erroneous data are eliminated, and the cleaned data are sorted according to the sample number and test time dimensions to form a structured data set. The mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum descriptive statistics of the key indicators of tensile strength and elongation at break are calculated, and the test data are compared and analyzed with the standard value, historical data or data from other batches to evaluate the changing trend and consistency of the cable tensile strength. The tension-elongation curve of each sample is drawn, and the distribution of tensile strength and elongation at break is displayed using histograms and box plots to reflect the concentration and discreteness of the data. A detailed failure analysis is performed on the broken samples, including the fracture morphology and crack propagation path.
[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Improve the accuracy of testing: By strictly following the steps of standard determination, equipment calibration, sample selection and processing, test preparation and operation, the errors and uncertainties in the testing process can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results; 2. Enhance the reliability of testing: Adopt scientific methods and standardized operating procedures to ensure the repeatability and consistency of the testing process, enhance the reliability of the test results, and further verify the objectivity and effectiveness of the test results through data analysis and report writing; 3. Improve the quality control level: Cable tensile strength is one of the important indicators for evaluating cable quality. Through the above-mentioned detection method, the defects and problems of the cable in tensile performance can be discovered in time, providing strong support for the quality control of the cable, which helps manufacturers optimize production processes, improve product quality, and meet market demand and customer requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cable tensile strength detection method proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.
[0014] Reference Figure 1 , a cable tensile strength detection method, comprising the following steps: Step 1, standard determination and equipment calibration: According to the specific type, purpose and industry standards of the cable, determine the applicable tensile strength test standards, including IEC60811-501 and ASTMD412 international standards, ensure the universality and comparability of the test results, select a material testing machine or an electronic tensile testing machine, and calibrate the equipment to ensure that the measurement accuracy, loading rate and displacement control key parameters of the testing machine meet the standard requirements. In the step 1, according to the specific type, purpose and working environment factors of the cable, evaluate the applicability of each standard, select the standard that can reflect the actual performance of the cable for testing, select a material testing machine or an electronic tensile testing machine according to the testing requirements, consider the measurement range, accuracy level and loading method factors of the equipment, formulate an equipment calibration plan, clarify the calibration cycle, calibration items and calibration standards, prepare necessary calibration tools and equipment, including standard weights, calibration rulers, thermometers, check and calibrate the fixture, transmission mechanism, measurement system, force sensor, displacement sensor, control system of the testing machine, and verify the software functions of the testing machine, including data acquisition, processing, storage and report generation; Step 2, sample selection and processing: Randomly select representative samples from the batch of cables to be tested, ensure that the number of samples is sufficient and there are no obvious defects. The samples should cover different parts and cross-sections of the cable to improve the comprehensiveness of the test results. The selected samples are pre-processed, including removing surface dirt and cutting into standard-sized samples. The cuts of the samples should be smooth and without damage to avoid affecting the test results. In the step 2, samples are selected from the cable batch by random sampling. According to the test standards and the specifications and use factors of the cables, a reasonable number of samples is determined. The selected samples are visually inspected to exclude samples with obvious defects. Qualified samples are marked and recorded, including sample numbers, sources, and specification information, for subsequent traceability. Cleaners and tools are used to remove dirt and grease impurities on the surface of the cable samples. The cleaned samples are placed in a dry and ventilated place to dry naturally, or used in an oven for rapid drying to ensure that the samples are in a dry state before testing. According to the requirements of the test standards, the cable samples are cut into standard-sized samples so that the length, width, and thickness of the samples meet the standard requirements. The prepared samples are stored in a dry, clean, and non-corrosive environment; Step 3: Test preparation and operation: Install and debug the testing machine, ensure that the fixture is firmly installed and the axis of the sample is consistent with the direction of tension, set the test parameters according to the test standards, including the stretching rate and the maximum tension, clamp the two ends of the pre-treated cable sample in the fixture of the testing machine, ensure that the clamping is firm and the sample is in a relaxed state, and pay attention to avoid additional bending or torsional stress on the sample during the clamping process, start the testing machine, and apply tension to the sample at the set stretching rate. During the stretching process, record the tension value and elongation in real time until the sample breaks. At the same time, observe the deformation and "necking" phenomenon of the sample for subsequent analysis. After the test, save the test data immediately, including the tension-elongation curve, tensile strength, and elongation at break key parameters. At the same time, clean and maintain the testing machine to prepare for the next test. In step 3, select a suitable fixture according to the shape, size and material of the cable sample. It should have sufficient clamping force to firmly clamp the sample and avoid causing additional damage to the sample during the stretching process. According to the range of the testing machine and the expected strength of the cable sample, set the appropriate maximum tensile force value to avoid overloading the testing machine or breaking the sample due to the slipping of the clamp before reaching the true strength. Clamp the two ends of the cable sample in the clamp of the testing machine respectively to ensure that the clamping position is accurate and stable to avoid additional bending or torsional stress during the clamping process. Start the testing machine according to the set parameters and start applying tension to the sample. During the stretching process, record the operating status of the testing machine and the deformation of the sample, and record the tensile force value and elongation data during the stretching process in real time. Use the data acquisition system of the testing machine or an external data recording device to record. During the stretching process, observe the deformation behavior and fracture mode of the sample, and record whether the sample has necking or cracking, and whether the fracture position is in the middle area of the sample. Step 4: Organize and analyze the test data, calculate the key indicators of the cable's tensile strength and elongation at break, compare them with the standard value or expected value, and evaluate whether the cable's tensile performance is qualified. Analyze the deformation behavior and fracture mode of the sample during the stretching process, explore the factors affecting the cable's tensile strength, and propose improvement suggestions or adjust the test plan based on the analysis results. Write a test report, record the test process, test data, analysis results and conclusions in detail, and the report should clearly, accurately and completely reflect the cable's tensile strength performance. In step 4, clean the collected raw data of tension and elongation to remove abnormal values or erroneous data. , organize the cleaned data according to the sample number and test time dimensions to form a structured data set, calculate the mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum descriptive statistics of the key indicators of tensile strength and elongation at break, compare and analyze the test data with the standard value, historical data or data from other batches, evaluate the changing trend and consistency of the cable tensile strength, draw the tension-elongation curve of each sample, use histograms and box plots to show the distribution of tensile strength and elongation at break, reflect the concentration and discreteness of the data, and conduct detailed failure analysis on the broken samples, including fracture morphology and crack propagation path.
[0015] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can replace or change the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A cable tensile strength detection method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Standard determination and equipment calibration: According to the specific type, purpose and industry standards of the cable, determine the applicable tensile strength test standards, including IEC60811-501 and ASTMD412 international standards, to ensure the universality and comparability of the test results, select a material testing machine or an electronic tensile testing machine, and calibrate the equipment to ensure that the measurement accuracy, loading rate and displacement control key parameters of the testing machine meet the standard requirements; Step 2: Sample selection and processing: Randomly select representative samples from the batch of cables to be tested, ensuring that the number of samples is sufficient and there are no obvious defects. The samples should cover different parts and cross-sections of the cables to improve the comprehensiveness of the test results. The selected samples should be pre-processed, including removing surface dirt and cutting into standard size samples. The cuts of the samples should be smooth and without damage to avoid affecting the test results. Step 3: Test preparation and operation: Install and debug the test machine, ensure that the fixture is firmly installed and the axis of the sample is consistent with the direction of tension, set the test parameters according to the test standards, including the stretching rate and the maximum tension, clamp the two ends of the pre-treated cable sample in the fixture of the test machine, ensure that the clamping is firm and the sample is in a relaxed state, and pay attention to avoid additional bending or torsional stress on the sample during the clamping process, start the test machine, and apply tension to the sample at the set stretching rate. During the stretching process, record the tension value and elongation in real time until the sample breaks. At the same time, observe the deformation of the sample and the "necking" phenomenon for subsequent analysis. After the test, save the test data immediately, including the tension-elongation curve, tensile strength, and elongation at break key parameters. At the same time, clean and maintain the test machine to prepare for the next test; Step 4. Organize and analyze the test data, calculate the key indicators of the cable's tensile strength and elongation at break, compare them with the standard value or expected value, and evaluate whether the cable's tensile performance is qualified. Analyze the deformation behavior and fracture mode of the specimen during the stretching process, explore the factors affecting the cable's tensile strength, and propose improvement suggestions or adjust the test plan based on the analysis results. Write a test report, record the test process, test data, analysis results and conclusions in detail. The report should clearly, accurately and completely reflect the cable's tensile strength performance.
2. A cable tensile strength detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the applicability of each standard is evaluated according to the specific type, purpose, and working environment factors of the cable, and the standard that can reflect the actual performance of the cable is selected for testing. According to the testing requirements, a material testing machine or an electronic tensile testing machine is selected, and the measurement range, accuracy level, and loading method of the equipment are considered. An equipment calibration plan is formulated, the calibration cycle, calibration items, and calibration standards are clarified, and necessary calibration tools and equipment are prepared, including standard weights, calibration rulers, and thermometers. The fixture, transmission mechanism, measurement system, force sensor, displacement sensor, and control system of the testing machine are checked and calibrated, and the software functions of the testing machine, including data acquisition, processing, storage, and report generation, are verified.
3. A cable tensile strength detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, samples are selected from the cable batch by random sampling. A reasonable number of samples is determined according to the test standards and the specifications and usage factors of the cables. The selected samples are visually inspected to exclude samples with obvious defects. Qualified samples are marked and recorded, including sample numbers, sources, and specification information, for subsequent traceability. Cleaners and tools are used to remove dirt and grease impurities on the surface of the cable samples. The cleaned samples are placed in a dry and ventilated place to dry naturally, or are quickly dried in an oven to ensure that the samples are in a dry state before testing. According to the requirements of the test standards, the cable samples are cut into standard-sized specimens so that the length, width, and thickness of the specimens meet the standard requirements. The prepared specimens are stored in a dry, clean, and non-corrosive environment.
4. A cable tensile strength detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, according to the shape, size and material of the cable sample, a suitable clamp is selected. The clamp should have sufficient clamping force to firmly clamp the sample and avoid causing additional damage to the sample during the stretching process. According to the range of the testing machine and the expected strength of the cable sample, a suitable maximum tensile force value is set to avoid overloading the testing machine or breaking the sample due to slipping of the clamp before reaching the true strength. The two ends of the cable sample are clamped in the clamp of the testing machine respectively to ensure that the clamping position is accurate and stable to avoid additional bending or torsional stress during the clamping process. The testing machine is started according to the set parameters and tension is applied to the sample. During the stretching process, the operating status of the testing machine and the deformation of the sample are recorded, and the tension value and elongation data during the stretching process are recorded in real time. The data acquisition system of the testing machine or an external data recording device is used for recording. During the stretching process, the deformation behavior and fracture mode of the sample are observed, and it is recorded whether the sample has necking or cracking, and whether the fracture position is in the middle area of the sample.
5. A cable tensile strength detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the collected raw data of tension and elongation are cleaned, abnormal values or erroneous data are eliminated, and the cleaned data are sorted according to the sample number and test time dimensions to form a structured data set. The mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum descriptive statistics of the key indicators of tensile strength and elongation at break are calculated, and the test data are compared and analyzed with the standard value, historical data or data from other batches to evaluate the change trend and consistency of the cable tensile strength. The tension-elongation curve of each sample is drawn, and the distribution of tensile strength and elongation at break is displayed using histograms and box plots to reflect the concentration and discreteness of the data. A detailed failure analysis is performed on the broken samples, including the fracture morphology and crack propagation path.