Modularized full-scale model test reaction frame

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel full-scale model tests, in particular to a modular full-scale model test reaction frame which comprises a reaction assembly, the reaction assembly comprises four curve segments, the curve segments are in the shape of a quarter circle arc, and the four curve segments are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the reaction assembly; an even number of straight line segments, wherein the even number of straight line segments are symmetrically arranged among the four curve segments; the two ends of each curve section and the two ends of each linear section are each provided with a connecting part, and any two connecting parts are detachably connected. Through the arrangement, the waste of resources is reduced, and the test cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel full-scale model testing, and in particular to a modular full-scale model testing reaction frame. Background Art

[0002] Full-scale model testing is an engineering experimental method that simulates actual working conditions by applying loads, stresses or other forces to a complete structure of actual size to evaluate the performance, behavior and safety of the structure. With the rapid increase in the stock of railway shield tunnels in recent years, full-scale model testing of railway shield tunnels is very necessary.

[0003] In the full-scale model test, the jack, the backrest structure and the reaction frame are devices used to apply load and provide support to the test specimen. The reaction frame is set on the peripheral side of the test specimen to provide stable support and fixing points for the test specimen, and provide reaction force to the jack. The jack is set between the test specimen and the reaction frame to apply pressure to the test specimen. At the same time, it applies a reverse force to the reaction frame through the backrest structure. The backrest structure is set on the inner side of the reaction frame for the jack to be installed and fixed on the reaction frame, and ensure that the jack is set along the radial direction of the test specimen so that the jack can apply force to the test specimen.

[0004] The reaction frames in existing full-scale model tests are often customized for a certain test. After the experiment is over, the reaction frames will be discarded and cannot be reused, which not only increases the test cost but also causes a waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the defect that the reaction frame cannot be reused, which not only increases the test cost but also causes waste of resources, the present invention proposes a modular full-scale model test reaction frame.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a modular full-scale model test reaction frame, including a reaction component, wherein the reaction component includes: 4 curved segments, each curved segment is in the shape of an arc of 1 / 4 circle, and the 4 curved segments are symmetrically arranged at the 4 corners of the reaction component; an even number of straight segments, and the even number of straight segments are symmetrically arranged between the 4 curved segments; each of the curved segments and the straight segments is provided with a connecting part at both ends, and any two of the connecting parts are detachably connected.

[0007] Preferably, the even number of straight line segments are divided into two parts arranged at intervals, and the two parts of the straight line segments are symmetrically arranged between the four curved segments; or the even number of straight line segments are divided into four parts arranged at intervals, and the four parts of the straight line segments are symmetrically arranged between the four curved segments.

[0008] Preferably, any two of the connecting parts are connected by flanges.

[0009] Preferably, the curved segment and the straight segment both include a horizontal plate, a pair of vertical plates respectively fixedly connected to the inner and outer sides of the horizontal plate, and a pair of first end plates respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the horizontal plate, and the two ends of a pair of vertical plates are also respectively fixedly connected to a pair of first end plates, each of the first end plates is provided with mounting holes that are positioned opposite to each other, and the first end plates are the connecting parts.

[0010] Preferably, the curved segment and the straight segment both further include a first stiffening rib, and the first stiffening rib is vertical and has two adjacent ends fixedly connected to the side surface of the first end plate and the surface of the transverse plate respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the curved segment and the straight segment also include a second stiffening rib, the second stiffening rib having two vertical and adjacent ends fixedly connected to the side surface of the first end plate and the surface of the vertical plate respectively; the first stiffening rib and the second stiffening rib between a pair of vertical plates are fixedly connected.

[0012] Preferably, the curved segment and the straight segment also include a third stiffening rib, and the vertical and adjacent two ends of the third stiffening rib are respectively fixedly connected to the surface of the horizontal plate and the surface of the vertical plate; the two third stiffening ribs close to the first end plate are fixedly connected through the two ends of the first connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, it comprises a plurality of reaction force components which are arranged opposite to each other in sequence along the vertical direction, and two adjacent reaction force components are detachably connected.

[0014] Preferably, it further comprises a connecting column, and the upper and lower surfaces of each of the reaction force components are provided with mounting grooves that are positioned opposite to each other, and the connecting column is plugged and fixed to the mounting groove.

[0015] Preferably, it further comprises a plurality of horizontal tie rods and a plurality of pairs of restraint columns, each pair of the restraint columns being symmetrically arranged on the outside of a pair of the straight line segments, and each pair of the restraint columns being fixedly connected by the horizontal tie rods.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The full-scale model test reaction frame of the present invention adopts a modular design and is composed of curved segments and straight segments, so that the existing curved segments and straight segments can be flexibly assembled and disassembled according to different test requirements to form support structures of different shapes and sizes. There is no need to redesign and manufacture the entire reaction frame, which saves time and cost, and improves the scope of application and flexibility of the modular full-scale model test reaction frame. Due to the modular design and reusable characteristics, this reaction frame can be used multiple times in different full-scale model tests, and will not be discarded after each test like traditional customized reaction frames, which reduces the waste of resources and reduces the test cost. In addition, if a certain component needs to be repaired or replaced, only the corresponding module needs to be replaced without the need to remanufacture the entire reaction frame, which reduces downtime and improves test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a modular full-scale model test reaction frame in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a modular full-scale model test reaction frame in Example 2;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a modular full-scale model test reaction frame in Example 3;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a modular full-scale model test reaction frame in Embodiment 4;

[0023] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a support module of a tunnel specimen in an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a support module of a tunnel specimen in another embodiment;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a top view of the rear leaning structure;

[0026] Figure 8 It is the front view of the rear leaning structure;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a side view of the backrest structure.

[0028] 10. Curve segment;

[0029] 20. Straight line segment;

[0030] 30. Connecting part; 31. Horizontal plate; 32. Vertical plate; 33. Third stiffener; 34. First connecting plate;

[0031] 40. Mounting slot;

[0032] 50. Restraining column; 51. Horizontal tie rod;

[0033] 60. reaction frame; 61. first connecting member; 62. axle pin;

[0034] 70. Back structure; 71. Second connecting piece; 72. Second hole; 73. End plate; 731. Screw hole; 74. Rib; 75. Extension rod;

[0035] 80. bracket; 801. universal wheel; 81. loading mechanism; 82. test piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In one embodiment, Figure 1-4 As shown, a modular full-scale model test reaction frame 60 includes a reaction assembly, and the reaction assembly includes four curved segments 10 and an even number of straight segments 20. The curved segments 10 are in the shape of a quarter circle arc, and the four curved segments 10 are symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the reaction assembly, and the even number of straight segments 20 are symmetrically arranged between the four curved segments 10. Connecting parts 30 are arranged at both ends of each curved segment 10 and straight segment 20, and any two connecting parts 30 are detachably connected.

[0038] The reaction frame 60 adopts a modular design and is composed of a curved segment 10 and a straight segment 20, so that the existing curved segments 10 and straight segments 20 can be flexibly assembled and disassembled according to different test requirements to form support structures of different shapes and sizes. There is no need to redesign and manufacture the entire reaction frame 60, which saves time and cost, and improves the scope of application and flexibility of the modular full-scale model test reaction frame 60. Due to the modular design and reusable characteristics, this reaction frame 60 can be used multiple times in different full-scale model tests, and will not be discarded after each test like the traditional customized reaction frame 60, which reduces the waste of resources and reduces the test cost. In addition, if a component needs to be repaired or replaced, only the corresponding module needs to be replaced, and the entire reaction frame 60 does not need to be remanufactured, which reduces downtime and improves test efficiency.

[0039] If an integer is divisible by 2 without a remainder, then it is an even number, and the result of 0 divided by 2 is 0, with no remainder, so 0 is an even number. Therefore, an even number of straight line segments 20 means that the number of straight line segments 20 can also be 0.

[0040] The specifications of the four curved segments 10 are the same, and the specifications of the even-numbered straight segments 20 are also the same. In other embodiments, to meet different test requirements, the straight segments 20 can also be set to two, three or more specifications.

[0041] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the shape of the curved segment 10 is an arc of 1 / 4 circle, so when the number of straight segments 20 is 0, four curved segments 10 alone can form a circular reaction frame 60 structure, which is convenient for setting it in a full-scale model test of a circular or quasi-circular tunnel structure for loading and unloading experimental research. Specifically, the inner diameter of the circular reaction frame 60 structure can be 10 meters, and by using jacks of different specifications, it can be adapted to a test piece 82 with an outer edge size of 6-7.6 meters. In other embodiments, the radius of the curved segment 10 can also be designed to be other sizes to adapt to test pieces 82 of different size ranges, such as a test piece 82 with an outer edge size of 4-7 meters.

[0042] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the number of straight segments 20 is not 0, and an even number of straight segments 20 is evenly divided into two parts arranged at intervals, and the two parts of straight segments 20 are symmetrically arranged between the four curved segments 10, thereby forming a quasi-elliptical reaction frame 60 structure, which is convenient for being set in a full-scale model test of a quasi-rectangular tunnel structure for loading and unloading experimental research. Specifically, 2, 4, 6 or 8 straight segments 20 can be used to adapt to a quasi-rectangular specimen 82 with an outer edge size within a certain range, such as a quasi-rectangular specimen 82 with an outer edge size within 14x8 meters.

[0043] In one embodiment, Figure 2-3 As shown, the number of straight segments 20 is not 0, and an even number of straight segments 20 is evenly divided into four parts arranged at intervals, and the four straight segments 20 are symmetrically arranged between the four curved segments 10, so that it is convenient to set it in a full-scale model test of a circular or quasi-circular tunnel structure for loading and unloading experimental research. Specifically, 4 or 8 straight segments 20 can be used to adapt to a circular or quasi-circular specimen 82 with an outer edge size in a certain range, such as a specimen 82 with an outer edge size of 8-15.4 meters.

[0044] In one embodiment, the curved section 10 and the straight section 20 both include a horizontal plate 31 and a pair of vertical plates 32, the pair of vertical plates 32 are fixedly connected to the inner and outer sides of the horizontal plate 31, and the jack is pressed against the vertical plates 32 on the inner side of the horizontal plate 31 through the backrest structure 70. The horizontal plate 31 and the pair of vertical plates 32 form an I-shaped support structure, which has a strong bearing capacity and high stability, so that the reaction frame 60 can effectively withstand various pressures generated during the test.

[0045] Furthermore, the curved section 10 and the straight section 20 also include a pair of first end plates 73, which are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the horizontal plate 31, and the two ends of the vertical plates 32 are also respectively fixedly connected to the pair of first end plates 73. Each first end plate 73 has mounting holes that are opposite to each other. The first end plates 73 are the connecting parts 30, and any two connecting parts 30 are flange-connected, that is, bolts are inserted into the mounting holes that are opposite to each other between any two adjacent first end plates 73, and both ends of the bolts are locked with nuts, so that the two first end plates 73 are connected and fixed.

[0046] Among them, a plurality of mounting holes can be evenly opened along the four sides of the first end plate 73 to ensure the uniformity and stability of the connection of the first end plate 73 .

[0047] In other embodiments, the two connection parts 30 may also be detachably connected and fixed by means of threaded connection, mortise and tenon connection, etc.

[0048] In one embodiment, the curved segment 10 and the straight segment 20 also include a first stiffening rib 74. The first stiffening rib 74 has a right angle, and the two end faces forming the right angle are adjacent and perpendicular, and the two end faces are fixedly connected to the side surface of the first end plate 73 and the surface of the cross plate 31, respectively. The first end plate 73, as a connecting portion 30, will be subjected to concentrated stress and become a weak point of the reaction force assembly, which is prone to damage and deformation. The first stiffening rib 74 can effectively disperse the force generated during the test, reduce the load on the first end plate 73, and thus extend the service life of the reaction frame 60; the provision of the first stiffening rib 74 enhances the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the reaction force assembly, making the reaction frame 60 more stable and reliable during the test; the first stiffening rib 74 can provide additional support and constraints to prevent unnecessary deformation of the reaction force assembly, and maintain the stability and accuracy of the reaction force assembly during the test.

[0049] In one embodiment, the curved segment 10 and the straight segment 20 both further include a second stiffening rib 74, and the two vertical and adjacent ends of the second stiffening rib 74 are respectively fixedly connected to the side surface of the first end plate 73 and the surface of the vertical plate 32; the first stiffening rib 74 and the second stiffening rib 74 between a pair of vertical plates 32 are fixedly connected. The provision of the second stiffening rib 74 can further reduce the load on the first end plate 73 and extend the service life of the reaction frame 60. The fixed connection between the first stiffening rib 74 and the second stiffening rib 74 helps to optimize the force transmission and distribution, make the force more uniform, reduce the stress concentration of the reaction assembly, and improve the bearing capacity and stability of the reaction assembly.

[0050] In one embodiment, the curved segment 10 and the straight segment 20 both further include a third stiffening rib 7433, the two vertical and adjacent ends of the third stiffening rib 7433 are respectively fixedly connected to the surface of the horizontal plate 31 and the surface of the vertical plate 32; the two third stiffening ribs 7433 near the first end plate 73 are fixedly connected through the two ends of the first connecting plate 34. The third stiffening rib 7433 mainly enhances the strength and rigidity of the position outside the connection part 30 of the reaction force assembly. The third stiffening rib 7433 effectively disperses the force received by the vertical plate 32 near the inner side of the horizontal plate 31 to the horizontal plate 31 and the other vertical plate 32, reduces the stress concentration of the reaction force assembly, and improves the bearing capacity and stability of the reaction force assembly. The two third stiffening ribs 7433 near the first end plate 73 are fixedly connected through the first connecting plate 34, which can increase the strength and stability of the weak point of the first end plate 73, thereby also improving the connection strength of the entire reaction force assembly.

[0051] Furthermore, the first connecting plate 34 , the horizontal plate 31 and the vertical plate 32 may also be connected and fixed by a second connecting plate.

[0052] The first stiffening rib 74, the second stiffening rib 74 and the third stiffening rib 7433 can be evenly arranged in multiple numbers according to the size of the reaction force component.

[0053] In one embodiment, the modular full-scale model test reaction frame 60 includes a plurality of reaction components arranged in sequence in a vertical direction, and two adjacent reaction components are detachably connected, so that the height and shape of the reaction frame 60 can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs and space limitations of the tunnel full-scale model test, with higher flexibility, strong adaptability and scalability. The detachable connection design also makes the maintenance and update of the reaction frame 60 more convenient. If a reaction component needs to be repaired or replaced, it is only necessary to remove the connection between the two adjacent reaction components, replace or repair the corresponding components, and then reconnect them, saving maintenance time and cost.

[0054] In one embodiment, the modular full-scale model test reaction frame 60 also includes a connecting column, and the upper and lower surfaces of each reaction component are provided with mounting grooves 40 that are positioned opposite to each other, and the connecting column is plugged and fixed to the mounting grooves 40. The connecting column serves as a longitudinal supporting component, and is plugged and fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of the reaction component through the mounting grooves 40, which effectively increases the connection points between the components of the reaction frame 60, making the structure of the reaction frame 60 more stable and reliable. The design of the mounting grooves 40 makes the plug-in fixation between the connecting column and the reaction component easier and faster. The assembler only needs to insert the connecting column into the corresponding mounting groove 40 to complete the connection without the need for additional tools or fixing equipment, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the reaction frame 60, and the fixing method is simple and reliable, saving maintenance costs and time.

[0055] Among them, the installation groove 40 can be set between two adjacent third stiffening ribs 7433, and multiple installation grooves 40 can be evenly distributed on the reaction force component.

[0056] Furthermore, a step may be provided in the mounting groove 40 so that the size of the mounting groove 40 near the bottom of the groove is smaller, and the connecting column is provided in a shape matching the mounting groove 40, thereby improving the matching accuracy between the connecting column and the mounting groove 40 and reducing the shaking and loosening of the connecting column in the mounting groove 40, thereby reducing the vibration that may be generated by the reaction frame 60 during the test and improving the accuracy and stability of the test.

[0057] In one embodiment, the modular full-scale model test reaction frame 60 also includes a plurality of horizontal tie rods 51 and a plurality of pairs of constraint columns 50, each pair of constraint columns 50 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of a pair of straight segments 20, and each pair of constraint columns 50 are fixedly connected by the horizontal tie rods 51. The constraint columns 50 are fixedly connected to the outside of the straight segment 20 as supporting components, which can enhance the overall stability of the reaction frame 60. Through the combination of the constraint columns 50 and the horizontal tie rods 51, the lateral displacement and deformation of the reaction frame 60 that may occur during the test are effectively limited, thereby improving the stability of the structure. In addition, compared with the curved segment 10, the straight segment 20 has a simpler structural shape, and it is easier to design and install the horizontal tie rods 51 and the constraint columns 50; the force is more concentrated, and it is more prone to deformation and damage.

[0058] In one embodiment, Figure 5As shown, a support module for a tunnel specimen 82 for full-scale model testing includes a reaction frame 60 and a back-support structure 70. The reaction frame 60 is used to provide a reaction force to the specimen 82. It can provide a reaction force to the specimen 82 by relying on its own gravity, or by being fixed on the ground. One end of the back-support structure 70 is fixedly connected to the loading mechanism 81 of the specimen 82, and the other end is rotatably connected to the reaction frame 60, so that the back-support structure 70 installs and fixes the loading mechanism 81 to the reaction frame 60, so that the loading mechanism 81 applies force to the test specimen 82. The backrest structure 70 is rotatably connected to the reaction frame 60, so when it is necessary to connect the loading mechanism 81 at different positions, or when it is necessary to conduct a full-scale test of a specimen 82 of other shapes, there is no need to redesign and produce the backrest structure 70. It is only necessary to rotate the existing backrest structure 70 to change the angle between it and the reaction frame 60 at the corresponding position, so that the loading mechanism 81 fixedly connected to the backrest structure 70 can be arranged along the radial direction of the specimen 82, so that the loading mechanism 81 can apply a load to the specimen 82 and simulate the actual working conditions of the specimen 82. There is no need to customize the design and production of a large number of replacement pads of different shapes, which is low in cost, reduces extra time consumption, does not require customized production, is easy to promote and apply, can be reused, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Among them, the loading mechanism 81 is a force-applying mechanism such as a jack.

[0059] In one embodiment, the support module of the tunnel specimen 82 further includes an axle pin 62, and the rear leaning structure 70 is rotatably connected to the reaction frame 60 through the axle pin 62. Specifically, the reaction frame 60 protrudes on one side close to the specimen 82 to form a first connecting member 61, that is, the vertical plate 32 close to the inner side of the horizontal plate 31, and its surface away from the horizontal plate 31 protrudes to form the first connecting member 61. The first connecting member 61 has a plurality of first holes extending vertically along its length; the rear leaning structure 70 includes a second connecting member 71, and the second connecting member 71 has a second hole 72 extending vertically; the first hole and the second hole 72 are simultaneously plugged and fixed with the axle pin 62.

[0060] Furthermore, the second connecting member 71 is two ear plates arranged up and down, that is, a double ear plate structure. The second holes 72 are arranged in a pair, and the pair of second holes 72 are arranged in opposite positions and are respectively opened on the upper and lower ear plates. The first connecting member 61 is inserted between the two ear plates of the second connecting member 71; the first hole is located between the pair of second holes 72. By setting the second connecting member 71 as a double ear plate structure, the first connecting member 61 is clamped in the middle of the second connecting member 71. On the one hand, the relative displacement of the first connecting member 61 and the second connecting member 71 in the vertical direction is limited, and on the other hand, the contact area between the second hole 72 and the shaft pin 62 in the horizontal direction is increased, so that the shaft pin 62 is more stable in plugging and fixing the first connecting member 61 and the second connecting member 71, and has stronger pressure resistance.

[0061] When in use, the first connecting member 61 and the second connecting member 71 are stacked so that the first hole and the second hole 72 are facing each other, and the backrest structure 70 is rotated around the center of the first hole / second hole 72 so that the loading mechanism 81 fixedly connected to the backrest structure 70 is arranged along the radial direction of the test piece 82. The shaft pin 62 is inserted into the first hole and the second hole 72 in sequence, and the shaft pin 62 is respectively interference-fitted with the first hole and the second hole 72, so that the first connecting member 61 and the second connecting member 71 are fixedly connected by the shaft pin 62. The reaction frame 60 can apply reaction force to the loading mechanism 81 and the test piece 82 through the first connecting member 61, the shaft pin 62 and the second connecting member 71 in sequence, providing stable support for the test piece 82. In addition, the angle between the first connecting member 61 and the second connecting member 71 can be quickly changed by installing and removing the shaft pin 62 and rotating the second connecting member 71, which is simple and easy to operate.

[0062] In one embodiment, the support module further includes a locking nut, and a thread matching the locking nut is provided on the surface of the shaft pin 62. After the shaft pin 62 passes through the first hole, the upper and lower ends of the second holes 72 are respectively locked with the locking nut. Compared with the interference fit, which requires pressure installation, in this embodiment, only the locking nut and the shaft pin 62 threads are locked to complete the fixing of the first connecting member 61 and the second connecting member 71, and the installation method is simpler.

[0063] In one embodiment, the inner diameters of the first hole and the second hole 72 are the same, and are both the same as the outer diameter of the axle pin 62, so that when the axle pin 62 is inserted into the first hole and the second hole 72, the first connecting member 61 and the second connecting member 71 will not be relatively displaced, the connection is more stable, the reaction force applied by the reaction frame 60 to the test piece 82 is more reliable, and the diameter of the axle pin 62 does not need to be changed, so the production and manufacturing is simple and the cost is low.

[0064] In one embodiment, the first connector 61 and the second connector 71 are both configured to be plate-shaped. The plate-shaped structure has a large length and width and a relatively small thickness. This geometric shape enables the plate-shaped structure to resist bending and torsion deformation when subjected to external loads, thereby maintaining its rigidity and stability. The first connector 61 and the second connector 71 with a small thickness can also facilitate the selection and installation of the shaft pin 62 and the locking nut. By designing the first connector 61 and the second connector 71 to be plate-shaped, the contact area between them can be increased, the force and stress on the connecting portion 30 can be dispersed, the possibility of concentrated stress can be reduced, and the strength and durability of the connection can be improved.

[0065] In one embodiment, Figure 3-5As shown, the backrest structure 70 also includes a second end plate 73 and a fourth stiffening rib 74. The ends of the two ear plates are fixedly connected to one side of the second end plate 73, so that the second end plate 73 connects the two ear plates. The fourth stiffening rib 74 is provided with a right angle, and the two ends forming the right angle are vertical and adjacent. The vertical and adjacent two ends of the fourth stiffening rib 74 are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the second end plate 73 and the surface of the ear plate, and the side of the second end plate 73 away from the ear plate is fixedly connected to the loading mechanism 81 of the test piece 82. The provision of the fourth stiffening rib 74 further strengthens the connection between the ear plate and the second end plate 73, improves the compressive resistance of the ear plate, and greatly increases the stability and strength of the overall backrest structure 70.

[0066] In one embodiment, the support module of the tunnel specimen 82 further includes a bracket 80, a side of the second end plate 73 away from the ear plate is fixedly connected to a side of the bracket 80, and a loading mechanism 81 of the specimen 82 is fixedly connected to the other side of the bracket 80 facing the second end plate 73. The bracket 80 provides vertical support for the back structure 70, reduces the shear stress on the back structure 70, and improves the reliability of the back structure 70. Among them, the loading mechanism 81 and the second end plate 73 can be fixedly connected to the bracket 80 by screw fixing, welding, etc. For example, screw holes 731 are provided at the four corners of the second end plate 73, and the screw holes 731 facing each other are provided on the bracket 80, and then the second end plate 73 and the bracket 80 are screw-locked by four matching bolts. In the vertical direction, one bracket 80 can support multiple back structures 70 of different heights respectively. The bottom end of the bracket 80 is set on the ground. In order to facilitate the movement of the position of the bracket 80 so as to be suitable for back structures 70 at different positions, a universal wheel 801 can be provided at the bottom end of the bracket 80.

[0067] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the backrest structure 70 further includes an extension rod 75, one end of which is fixedly connected to a side of the second end plate 73 away from the ear plate, and the other end of the extension rod 75 is fixedly connected to the bracket 80. The net distance between the reaction frame 60 at different positions and the test specimen 82 facing it may also be different, while the length of the loading mechanism 81 at different positions is consistent. Therefore, it is only necessary to change the length of the extension rod 75 to meet different net distance requirements, so that the loading mechanism 81 can be installed and fixed to the reaction frame 60 through the backrest structure 70, so that the reaction frame 60 can stably apply reaction force to the loading mechanism 81 and the specimen 82, and the loading mechanism 81 can simulate the actual working conditions of the specimen 82, so that the full-scale test can be carried out smoothly.

[0068] In one embodiment, the backrest structure 70 is rotatably connected to the reaction frame 60 through a ball pin. Specifically, the side of the reaction frame 60 close to the test piece 82 is concave along its length direction to form a plurality of ball pin seats, and the end of the backrest structure 70 away from the test piece 82 is convex to form a ball pin that matches the ball pin seat. The ball pin seat is designed to be a spherical structure, which can accommodate a ball pin to rotate freely. Due to its spherical structure, the ball pin can rotate freely in any direction without leaving the ball pin seat. Therefore, when it is necessary to connect the loading mechanism 81 at different positions, or when it is necessary to conduct a full-scale test of a test piece 82 of other shapes, there is no need to redesign and produce the backrest structure 70. It is only necessary to rotate the ball pin in the existing ball pin seat to change the angle between the backrest structure 70 and the reaction frame 60 connected thereto, so that the loading mechanism 81 fixedly connected to the backrest structure 70 can be arranged along the radial direction of the test piece 82, which is low in cost and can be reused.

[0069] In one embodiment, a full-scale model test equipment, including the above-mentioned specimen support module, can be applied to different full-scale tests, is easy to promote and apply, reduces costs, and improves test efficiency.

[0070] In the description of this specification, if the terms "embodiment one", "this embodiment", "in an embodiment" and the like appear, it means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in the invention or at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example; moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in an appropriate manner.

[0071] In the description of this specification, the terms "connect", "install", "fix", "set", "have", etc. are all understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0072] In the description of this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0073] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate ordinary technicians in the technical field to understand and apply the technology of this case. People familiar with the technology in this field can obviously easily make various modifications to these examples and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, this case is not limited to the above embodiments. Modifications to the following situations should all be within the scope of protection of this case: ① A new technical solution implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention and combined with existing common knowledge, the technical effect produced by the new technical solution does not exceed the technical effect of the present invention; ② The equivalent replacement of some features of the technical solution of the present invention by using known technology, the technical effect produced is the same as the technical effect of the present invention; ③ The technical solution of the present invention can be expanded, and the substantive content of the expanded technical solution does not exceed the technical solution of the present invention; ④ The equivalent transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention is directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields.

Claims

1. A modular full-scale model test reaction frame, characterized in that: A reaction force component is included, and the reaction force component includes: 4 curved segments, each curved segment is in the shape of an arc of 1 / 4 circle, and the 4 curved segments are symmetrically arranged at the 4 corners of the reaction force component; An even number of straight line segments are symmetrically arranged between the four curved line segments; both ends of each curved line segment and straight line segment are provided with connecting parts, and any two connecting parts are detachably connected.

2. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: An even number of the straight line segments are divided into two parts arranged at intervals, and the two parts of the straight line segments are symmetrically arranged between the four curved line segments; Or an even number of the straight line segments are equally divided into four parts arranged at intervals, and the four parts of the straight line segments are symmetrically arranged between the four curved line segments.

3. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: Any two of the connection parts are flange connected.

4. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to claim 3, characterized in that: The curved segment and the straight segment both include a horizontal plate, a pair of vertical plates respectively fixedly connected to the inner and outer sides of the horizontal plate, and a pair of first end plates respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the horizontal plate. The two ends of the pair of vertical plates are also respectively fixedly connected to the pair of first end plates. Each of the first end plates has mounting holes that are positioned opposite to each other, and the first end plates are the connecting parts.

5. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to claim 4, characterized in that: The curved segment and the straight segment both further include a first stiffening rib, wherein two vertical and adjacent ends of the first stiffening rib are respectively fixedly connected to the side surface of the first end plate and the surface of the transverse plate.

6. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to claim 5, characterized in that: The curved segment and the straight segment also include a second stiffening rib, the two vertical and adjacent ends of the second stiffening rib are respectively fixedly connected to the side surface of the first end plate and the surface of the vertical plate; the first stiffening rib and the second stiffening rib are fixedly connected between a pair of vertical plates.

7. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to claim 6, characterized in that: The curved segment and the straight segment also include a third stiffening rib, the two vertical and adjacent ends of the third stiffening rib are respectively fixedly connected to the surface of the horizontal plate and the surface of the vertical plate; the two third stiffening ribs close to the first end plate are fixedly connected through the two ends of the first connecting plate.

8. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of reaction force components which are arranged opposite to each other in sequence along a vertical direction, and two adjacent reaction force components are detachably connected.

9. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting column, and the upper and lower surfaces of each reaction force component are provided with mounting grooves that are positioned opposite to each other, and the connecting column is plugged and fixed to the mounting groove.

10. The modular full-scale model test reaction frame according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of horizontal pull rods and a plurality of pairs of constraint columns. Each pair of the constraint columns is symmetrically arranged on the outside of a pair of the straight line segments, and each pair of the constraint columns is fixedly connected by the horizontal pull rods.

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