Cable multi-state sensing fault diagnosis system based on visual grounding box

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable multi-state sensing fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box, and relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis systems. At present, a grounding box and a grounding cable are difficult to diagnose flexibly, and the maintenance efficiency is poor. The system comprises a detection trigger unit, a control fault detection unit and a priority feedback unit. The detection triggering unit adopts periodic triggering and condition triggering, and the triggering duration of the periodic triggering is calculated according to the environment, the material and the installation influence coefficient of the grounding box in combination with the service life; the fault detection unit is controlled to generate corresponding abnormal signals through appearance, infrared, cable and sealing detection, the priority feedback unit endows the abnormal signals with different detection priorities according to types and triggering modes of different abnormal signals, and calculates a priority evaluation value by combining position data and influence range analysis of the grounding box. And the grounding box which is most required to be maintained is processed preferentially. According to the technical scheme, the fault diagnosis efficiency, accuracy and maintenance optimization capability of the grounding box are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis systems, and in particular to a cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box. Background Art

[0002] A grounding box is an electrical device whose main function is to provide a reliable grounding path to ensure that the fault current can be quickly and effectively directed to the ground when an electrical fault occurs. The design of the grounding box takes into account the ability to resist water, oxidation and environmental influences to adapt to various harsh outdoor environments. They are usually equipped with doors and covers with good sealing performance. In some applications, the grounding box may also be integrated with monitoring and alarm functions to monitor the grounding status in real time and detect abnormal conditions in the grounding system in a timely manner.

[0003] The normal use of the grounding box helps to reduce electrical interference and improve the stability and reliability of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly troubleshoot and diagnose the grounding box and the grounding cable. The fault diagnosis system in the prior art usually adopts regular inspections or self-inspections, which makes it difficult to flexibly trigger detection instructions based on usage data, and it is impossible to adjust the maintenance priority according to the diagnosis results combined with the installation location of the grounding box and the impact situation, resulting in poor diagnosis efficiency and maintenance efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box, which can effectively solve the problems in the prior art that it is difficult to flexibly diagnose the grounding box and the grounding cable, and it is impossible to adjust the maintenance priority and the maintenance efficiency is poor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box, which at least includes: Detection trigger unit: the detection trigger unit includes two trigger modes: periodic trigger and conditional trigger. The period duration of the trigger instruction generated by the periodic trigger mode is calculated based on the environmental impact coefficient, material impact coefficient and installation impact coefficient of the grounding box combined with the service life of the grounding box; A control fault detection unit is used to detect the grounding box when a trigger instruction is generated. The detections are respectively appearance detection, infrared detection, cable detection and sealing detection. A component abnormality signal is generated based on the results of the appearance detection and infrared detection. A cable abnormality signal is generated based on the results of the cable detection. A sealing abnormality signal is generated based on the results of the sealing detection. The priority feedback unit assigns an inspection priority to different abnormal signals based on the way the detection trigger unit generates the trigger instruction and the type of the generated abnormal signal, wherein: When the cycle is triggered and the abnormal signal is a sealing abnormal signal or a cable abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 1; When the cycle is triggered and the abnormal signal is a component abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 2; When the condition is triggered and the abnormal signal is a sealing abnormal signal or a cable abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 3; When the condition is triggered and the abnormal signal is a component abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 4; The priority evaluation values ​​of different grounding boxes are calculated by combining the location data of the grounding box and the impact range, and the grounding box with the largest priority evaluation value is selected for priority processing.

[0006] This technical solution flexibly generates fault detection instructions through periodic and conditional triggering methods, combines multiple detection methods (observation, infrared, cable and sealing detection) to comprehensively diagnose grounding box faults, and flexibly adjusts maintenance priorities according to the type and priority of abnormal signals, thereby improving the fault diagnosis efficiency, accuracy and maintenance optimization capabilities of the grounding box.

[0007] Furthermore, the environmental impact coefficient calculation process is as follows: The j meteorological monitoring points near the grounding box are recorded as the adjacent monitoring points of the grounding box. , where i is the serial number of the adjacent monitoring point, i=1,2,…,j, obtain each adjacent monitoring point The position data is recorded as ,in Represent longitude, latitude and altitude respectively. Assume the location data of the grounding box is , get each adjacent monitoring point The annual average precipitation data and the number of sunny days in a year are recorded as , substitute into the formula The humidity index of each adjacent monitoring point is calculated ,in All are preset weight coefficients; Get each adjacent monitoring point The annual average temperature is recorded as the temperature index , perform linear regression analysis on the temperature index and altitude and build a linear regression model, and calculate the temperature index corresponding to the grounding box location based on the linear regression model ; Get the humidity index of each adjacent monitoring point And the temperature index corresponding to the grounding box position , substitute into the formula Calculate in and get the environmental impact coefficient of the grounding box .

[0008] Furthermore, the criteria for clear weather are: Assume that the sunrise and sunset times of the day are , get the sunshine duration of the day and record it as , substitute into the formula Calculate the sunshine ratio in When the sunshine ratio is greater than or equal to the preset sunshine ratio threshold, the day will be recorded as sunny.

[0009] Furthermore, the calculation process of the installation influence coefficient is as follows: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional coordinate system with north-south, east-west, and up-down directions as the x, y, and z axes respectively. Construct a three-dimensional model of the grounding box in the three-dimensional coordinate system as the target model to obtain the current wind speed. As well as the current wind direction, construct the vector corresponding to the current wind direction in the three-dimensional coordinate system and record it as the wind direction vector. The modulus of the wind direction vector is equal to the current wind speed. Draw a reference plane perpendicular to the wind direction vector and record it as the target reference plane. Obtain the projection area of ​​the target model on the target reference plane and record it as the windward area. , obtain multiple planes that make up the outer surface of the target model and record them as target planes , p is the serial number of the target plane; Step 3: Construct a vector perpendicular to the target plane, with the vector direction pointing to the outside of the target model. The vector corresponding to each target plane is recorded as the plane vector of the target plane. When the target plane is located on the side facing the wind direction and the angle between the plane vector and the wind direction vector is greater than 90°, the target plane is recorded as the windward plane, and the opposite plane vector is recorded as the target vector. , the modulus of the target vector Equal to the projected area of ​​the windward plane on the target reference plane; Step 4: When the target planes corresponding to the two target vectors are adjacent planes, the two target vectors are recorded as adjacent vectors, each group of adjacent vectors corresponds to a smoothing index, and the smoothing index is equal to the angle between the adjacent vectors. When the smoothing index is greater than a preset threshold, the adjacent vectors are recorded as adjacent angular vectors. When the smoothing index is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the adjacent vectors are recorded as adjacent smoothing vectors and merged into a new target vector. The vector direction of the new target vector is the direction of the angle bisector of the angle between the two adjacent vectors, and the modulus of the new target vector is equal to the sum of the moduli of the two adjacent vectors. Step 5: Repeat step 4 until any set of adjacent vectors are adjacent corner vectors; Step 6: Calculate the modulus of any set of adjacent corner vectors and the angle between two adjacent planes toward the wind direction , substitute into the formula Calculate the wind resistance coefficient of the corner ,in is the preset coefficient, is the air density, is the drag coefficient corresponding to the material of the grounding box protective shell, and the total drag coefficient is obtained by summing the corner drag coefficients of all adjacent corner vectors ; Substitute into the formula Calculate the current wind force impact value FL, where g is the gravity acceleration, is the total weight of the grounding box; Step 7: After each equipment maintenance, regularly collect wind impact values ​​and accumulate and sum them to calculate the installation impact coefficient.

[0010] Furthermore, the cycle duration calculation process is as follows: Get the service life of the grounding box and combine it with the environmental impact coefficient , Material influence coefficient , Installation influence coefficient , through the formula Calculate the cycle length T; in: Indicates the preset inspection cycle; Indicates the service life of the grounding box; e is a natural constant; .

[0011] Furthermore, the cable detection process is specifically as follows: Measure the pressure between the grounding cable and the grounding box along the radial direction of the grounding cable and record it as radial pressure to obtain the current wind speed at the installation location of the grounding box. , obtain the length L and diameter D of the grounding cable below the grounding box; Substitute into the formula Calculate the wind impact value ,in is the preset influence coefficient; When the wind impact value is less than the radial pressure, a cable abnormality signal is generated.

[0012] Furthermore, the sealing detection process is specifically as follows: Obtain the difference in air moisture content and relative humidity inside and outside the grounding box, respectively recorded as moisture difference and humidity difference , multiple desiccants are evenly arranged inside the grounding box, and the water absorption impact value is calculated based on the weight data analysis of multiple desiccants , obtain the light intensity in the grounding box and record it as the light intensity value , get the internal pressure value of the grounding box ; After normalization, enter the formula Calculate the sealing impact value ,in All are preset values; When the sealing impact value is higher than the preset sealing threshold, a sealing abnormality signal is generated.

[0013] Furthermore, the calculation process of the water absorption impact value is as follows: The plane where the sealing strip of the grounding box is located is obtained as the strip plane, and multiple strip line segments are drawn on the strip plane. The projection point of each package of desiccant on the strip plane is obtained as the drying point. The current weight of each package of desiccant is obtained and compared with the preset weight threshold. When the current weight is greater than the weight threshold, the drying point is recorded as the over-absorption drying point, and the strip line segment closest to the over-absorption drying point is recorded as the defective line segment, and the number of over-absorption drying points is obtained. and the number of missing segments Substitute into the formula Calculate and obtain the first water absorption impact value ,in is the preset constant coefficient; Obtain the weight difference of the two most recent measurements of the desiccant corresponding to each drying point as the water absorption index of the drying point, record the drying point with a water absorption index greater than 0 as the affected drying point, connect multiple affected drying points to form a closed area, select the closed area with the largest area as the diffusion area, and obtain the area of ​​the diffusion area as the second water absorption influence value ; The first water absorption impact value , Second water absorption impact value After normalization, substitute into the formula Calculate the water absorption impact value ,in is the preset weight coefficient.

[0014] Furthermore, the priority evaluation value calculation process is as follows: Obtain the impact area of ​​the load line connected to the grounding box, and record the impact index based on the resident data within the impact area , the distance between the grounding box and the maintenance personnel and the height of the grounding box from the ground are recorded as , after normalization, enter the formula Calculate the priority evaluation value , where Z represents the priority assignment, These are all preset weight coefficients.

[0015] Furthermore, the impact index calculation process is as follows: The buildings in the affected area are divided into industrial buildings, residential buildings, commercial buildings, office buildings and other buildings, and the area proportions of different types of buildings in the affected area are obtained and recorded as , record the equipment with power consumption greater than 10kW as large equipment, and count the number of large equipment in each building 、Number of generators equipped And the average daily electricity consumption ; Record the number of people entering and leaving each building to calculate the real-time number of people in the building. Set a monitoring interval and obtain the average of the real-time number of people recorded multiple times in the monitoring interval as the number of people affected by the building. , substitute into the formula Calculate the power outage impact value for each building ,in All are preset weight coefficients; Assume that the power outage impact values ​​of different buildings are , giving it a corresponding type influence value , q is the total number of buildings, u represents the type of building, and u=(1,2,3,4,5) corresponds to industrial buildings, residential buildings, commercial buildings, office buildings and other buildings respectively, v=(1,2), when the current time is on a working day and in the preset working time interval, v=1, when the current time is not on a working day or in the preset working time interval, v=2; Type Impact Value The assignment matrix is ​​expressed as: ; By formula The impact index is calculated.

[0016] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. On the one hand, the present invention can adaptively adjust the detection cycle of the grounding box according to the material, shape, weight, usage time and installation environment data of the grounding box. Compared with a fixed detection cycle, it can more effectively detect abnormal faults of the grounding box and overcome the problem that the fault detection cycle of the grounding box is difficult to adaptively adjust under different usage conditions. On the other hand, based on the grounding current inside the grounding box and the electrical data of the wiring terminals, it can intelligently identify abnormal working faults of the grounding box and its internal grounding cable, and timely detect and troubleshoot the status of the grounding cable and multiple performances of the grounding box, so as to locate the cause of the fault.

[0017] 2. The present invention can distinguish a variety of situations through different triggering modes and different abnormal signals, thereby analyzing the corresponding impact degree according to the different causes of the actual fault, and assigning different priority values ​​to different situations. Compared with not distinguishing the fault conditions and causes, it can effectively improve the diversity and efficiency of the response strategies. In addition, through the priority evaluation value, when the maintenance personnel receive abnormal signals from multiple grounding boxes, based on the fault diagnosis of the grounding box and the influence range and location distance of the grounding box, one of the grounding boxes can be preferentially selected for maintenance, so as to improve the maintenance efficiency and reduce the impact of faults of the grounding box and its internal grounding cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is the overall module block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0022] See also Figure 1 , a cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box, at least includes: The detection trigger unit includes two trigger modes: periodic trigger and conditional trigger. When any of the trigger modes generates a trigger instruction, the fault detection unit is controlled to perform fault detection, diagnosis and troubleshooting on the grounding box. The periodic trigger mode generates a trigger instruction every time a period length T (that is, the time interval between the current time and the last trigger instruction generation is T). The acquisition process of the period length T is as follows: A patrol inspection cycle is preset (i.e., a unified inspection cycle set according to the preventive test procedures for safety tools, which is the most basic inspection cycle and is set to 1 year in a specific embodiment), the location data of the grounding box is obtained, the location data includes longitude, latitude and altitude, and the protective shell material of the grounding box is obtained; The environmental impact coefficient of the grounding box is calculated based on the installation location data of the grounding box, where: The j meteorological monitoring points near the grounding box are recorded as the adjacent monitoring points of the grounding box. , where i is the serial number of the adjacent monitoring point, i=1,2,…,j, and nearby means that the straight-line distance between the meteorological monitoring point and the grounding box is less than or equal to 10km. The position data is recorded as ,in Represent longitude, latitude and altitude respectively. Assume the location data of the grounding box is , get each adjacent monitoring point The annual average precipitation data and the number of sunny days in a year are recorded as , substitute into the formula The humidity index of each adjacent monitoring point is calculated ,in These are all preset weight coefficients. The criteria for judging clear weather are: Assume that the sunrise and sunset times of the day are , get the sunshine duration of the day and record it as , substitute into the formula Calculate the sunshine ratio in When the sunshine ratio is greater than or equal to the preset sunshine ratio threshold, the day will be recorded as sunny.

[0023] Get each adjacent monitoring point The annual average temperature is recorded as the temperature index , perform linear regression analysis on the temperature index and altitude and build a linear regression model, and calculate the temperature index corresponding to the grounding box location based on the linear regression model ; Get the humidity index of each adjacent monitoring point And the temperature index corresponding to the grounding box position , substitute into the formula Calculate in and get the environmental impact coefficient of the grounding box , Indicates the distance between adjacent monitoring points and the grounding box.

[0024] The material influence coefficient of the grounding box is calculated based on the material of the protective shell of the grounding box, where: There are m kinds of material raw materials by default , where n is the serial number of the adjacent monitoring point, n=1,2,…,m, and the corrosion resistance test, mechanical strength test, thermal stability test and electrical performance test are performed on different raw materials to obtain the standardized corrosion resistance score of each raw material , Mechanical strength score , Thermal stability score , Electrical performance score , substitute into the formula The structural index of each material is obtained ,in They are all preset weight coefficients. The structural index reflects the durability of different materials. The structural index corresponding to the protective shell material is recorded as the material influence coefficient. ; It should be noted that the corrosion resistance test refers to exposing the material to an acidic or alkaline environment to test its acid and alkali resistance, such as the test standard ASTMB117; the mechanical strength test refers to testing the deformation and damage point of the shell under constant pressure, especially in a high-voltage power environment, the shell of the grounding box must withstand a certain pressure; the thermal stability test refers to simulating the aging process in a long-term high-temperature environment to detect surface discoloration, softening, embrittlement and other phenomena of the material; the electrical performance test refers to testing whether the shell material is oxidized or corroded under different voltages. The above tests are all existing technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0025] The analysis and calculation of the installation influence factor used to evaluate the stability of the grounding box installation includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional coordinate system with north-south, east-west, and up-down directions as the x, y, and z axes respectively. Construct a three-dimensional model of the grounding box in the three-dimensional coordinate system as the target model to obtain the current wind speed. As well as the current wind direction, construct the vector corresponding to the current wind direction in the three-dimensional coordinate system and record it as the wind direction vector. The modulus of the wind direction vector is equal to the current wind speed. Draw a reference plane perpendicular to the wind direction vector and record it as the target reference plane. Obtain the projection area of ​​the target model on the target reference plane and record it as the windward area. , obtain multiple planes that make up the outer surface of the target model and record them as target planes , p is the serial number of the target plane (generally, the grounding box is composed of multiple flat metal plates stamped and welded, that is, the outer surface of the grounding box is mostly flat); Step 3: Construct a vector perpendicular to the target plane, with the vector direction pointing to the outside of the target model. The vector corresponding to each target plane is recorded as the plane vector of the target plane. When the target plane is located on the side facing the wind direction and the angle between the plane vector and the wind direction vector is greater than 90°, the target plane is recorded as the windward plane, and the opposite plane vector is recorded as the target vector. , the modulus of the target vector Equal to the projected area of ​​the windward plane on the target reference plane; Step 4: When the target planes corresponding to the two target vectors are adjacent planes, the two target vectors are recorded as adjacent vectors, each group of adjacent vectors corresponds to a smoothing index, and the smoothing index is equal to the angle between the adjacent vectors. When the smoothing index is greater than a preset threshold, the adjacent vectors are recorded as adjacent angular vectors. When the smoothing index is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the adjacent vectors are recorded as adjacent smoothing vectors and merged into a new target vector. The vector direction of the new target vector is the direction of the angle bisector of the angle between the two adjacent vectors, and the modulus of the new target vector is equal to the sum of the moduli of the two adjacent vectors. Step 5: Repeat step 4 until any set of adjacent vectors are adjacent corner vectors; Step 6: Calculate the modulus of any set of adjacent corner vectors and the angle between two adjacent planes toward the wind direction , substitute into the formula Calculate the wind resistance coefficient of the corner ,in is the preset coefficient, is the air density, is the drag coefficient corresponding to the material of the grounding box protective shell, and the total drag coefficient is obtained by summing the corner drag coefficients of all adjacent corner vectors ; Substitute into the formula Calculate the current wind force impact value FL, where g is the gravity acceleration, is the total weight of the grounding box; Step 7: After each equipment maintenance, regularly collect wind impact values ​​and accumulate and sum them to calculate the installation impact coefficient. The installation impact coefficient is reset after equipment maintenance and inspection.

[0026] It should be noted that the installation influence coefficient reflects the stress level at the fixed connection position of the grounding box during installation and use. Generally, the grounding box is installed at a high place, and the external force it is subjected to mainly comes from wind resistance and its own gravity. The combination of the two is the force influence value at the connection of the grounding box. The larger the value, the more severe the stress at the connection position of the grounding box, and the easier it is to loosen or break, which affects the safe use of the grounding box.

[0027] Get the service life of the grounding box, combined with the environmental impact factor, material impact factor, and installation impact factor, through the formula The cycle length T is calculated, where: Indicates the preset inspection cycle; Indicates the service life of the grounding box; e is a natural constant; .

[0028] The process of generating trigger instructions for conditional triggering is as follows: A collection cycle is preset, and the ground resistance value of the grounding box and the current value in the grounding cable are regularly obtained during the collection cycle. A resistance threshold and a current threshold are preset. When the ground resistance value is greater than or equal to the preset resistance threshold or the current value is greater than or equal to the preset current threshold, a trigger instruction is generated.

[0029] It should be noted that the resistance value of the grounding box to the ground is measured by a grounding resistance tester, and the current value in the grounding cable is measured by a clamp-on ammeter.

[0030] The fault detection unit, when generating a trigger command, detects the internal state of the grounding box through a variety of devices to diagnose whether the grounding box has a fault. The detections include appearance detection, infrared detection, cable detection and sealing detection, among which: The specific process of apparent detection is as follows: A multispectral image is obtained from the inside of the grounding box by using a multispectral image acquisition device (i.e., a high-definition camera. Since the grounding box is generally closed, it is generally equipped with a flashlight to take a clear image). Based on the image recognition algorithm, the wiring terminals and cables in the multispectral image are identified and uniformly recorded as target components. The contour of the target component in the multispectral image is obtained and recorded as the target area. The image in the target area is intercepted and recorded as the target image. The target images collected the most recently are obtained for comparison and analysis and the similarity is calculated. When the similarity is less than or equal to the preset similarity, a component abnormality signal is generated. It should be noted that the image recognition algorithm is an existing technology. It can perform recognition and analysis on multiple target images in the database, extract the data features of the objects in the image and build a recognition model based on the features. Through the recognition model, similar objects with the same data features in unknown images can be identified, thereby realizing feature recognition. I will not go into details here.

[0031] The infrared detection process is as follows: The infrared spectrum image acquisition device (i.e., infrared thermal imager) is used to obtain an infrared picture of the inside of the grounding box. The average temperature in the target area is recorded as the target temperature. The average temperature outside the target area of ​​the infrared picture is recorded as the comparison temperature. When the comparison temperature is lower than the target temperature, an abnormal component signal is generated.

[0032] It should be noted that under normal circumstances, the electrical components inside the grounding box are not energized or only carry a small induced current, so no heat is generated. In addition, since the electrical components are in a closed protective shell and are not in contact with the outside air, it is difficult for external heat to be conducted to the electrical components. Therefore, only when the grounding box is short-circuited to the ground will the temperature of the electrical components rise, causing the temperature in the target area to be significantly higher than the ambient temperature.

[0033] The cable detection process is as follows: The pressure sensor set at the grounding cable port outside the grounding box measures the pressure along the radial direction of the grounding cable between the grounding cable and the grounding box, which is recorded as radial pressure. Under normal circumstances, the grounding cable sags normally, with only a vertical downward gravity and the radial pressure is 0. When the radial pressure is not 0, it means that the grounding cable is subjected to a lateral force (usually from wind force, and from collision or pulling in abnormal cases), and the current wind speed at the installation location of the grounding box is obtained. (It can be measured by the wind speed meter installed on the intelligent grounding box), obtain the length L and diameter D of the grounding cable under the grounding box, and substitute them into the formula Calculate the wind impact value ,in is the preset influence coefficient. When the wind force influence value is less than the radial pressure, a cable abnormality signal is generated.

[0034] The specific sealing detection process is as follows: Obtain the difference in air moisture content and relative humidity inside and outside the grounding box, respectively recorded as moisture difference and humidity difference (Water content difference and humidity difference are both absolute values). Multiple desiccants are evenly arranged inside the grounding box (to ensure the inside of the grounding box is dry). The water absorption impact value is calculated based on the weight data of multiple desiccants. , obtain the light intensity in the grounding box and record it as the light intensity value , get the internal pressure value of the grounding box , after normalization, enter the formula Calculate the sealing impact value ,in All are preset values ​​(determined by the staff based on the experience during the implementation process), P is the standard atmospheric pressure, F is the current wind speed, and when the sealing impact value is higher than the preset sealing threshold, a sealing abnormality signal is generated; It should be noted that the greater the difference between the humidity and moisture content data of the grounding box and the external environment, the better the sealing of the protective shell of the grounding box, which means the better the isolation level from the outside world. When the sealing decreases, the relative humidity in the grounding box will be synchronized with the outside world, causing moisture to enter the box and be absorbed by the desiccant, thereby increasing the weight of the desiccant. When the sealing decreases, the wind speed outside will increase, causing the air pressure in the box to decrease and fall below the standard atmospheric pressure. The sealing impact value can be used to comprehensively judge the sealing of the grounding box based on the above factors.

[0035] The calculation process of water absorption impact value is as follows: The plane where the sealing strip of the grounding box is located is obtained as the strip plane, and multiple strip line segments are drawn on the strip plane. The projection point of each package of desiccant on the strip plane is obtained as the drying point. The current weight of each package of desiccant is obtained and compared with the preset weight threshold (the acquisition cycle of the desiccant weight is the preset value). When the current weight is greater than the weight threshold, the drying point is recorded as the over-absorption drying point, and the strip line segment closest to the over-absorption drying point is recorded as the defective line segment, and the number of over-absorption drying points is obtained. and the number of missing segments Substitute into the formula Calculate and obtain the first water absorption impact value ,in is the preset constant coefficient; Obtain the weight difference of the two most recent measurements of the desiccant corresponding to each drying point as the water absorption index of the drying point, record the drying point with a water absorption index greater than 0 as the affected drying point, connect multiple affected drying points to form a closed area, select the closed area with the largest area as the diffusion area, and obtain the area of ​​the diffusion area as the second water absorption influence value ; The first water absorption impact value , Second water absorption impact value After normalization, substitute into the formula Calculate the water absorption impact value ,in is the preset weight coefficient.

[0036] The priority feedback unit assigns an inspection priority to different abnormal signals based on the way the detection trigger unit generates trigger instructions and the type of abnormal signal generated. It calculates the priority evaluation values ​​of different grounding boxes based on the location data of the grounding box and the impact range, and selects the grounding box with the largest priority evaluation value for priority processing. The priority evaluation value calculation process is as follows: Case 1: When the trigger instruction is generated in a periodic trigger mode, and the abnormal signal is a sealing abnormal signal or a cable abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 1 (in this case, the grounding cable's resistance to ground or current is normal, which means that the grounding cable can still work normally. The problem is that the grounding box itself is aging or defective, and there are only hidden dangers but no actual losses have been caused); Case 2: When the trigger instruction is generated by periodic triggering, and the abnormal signal is a component abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 2 (in this case, there is a circulating current between the external shielding layer or protective layer of the load cable and the terminal block. The problem is that the wiring is loose or the shielding layer is damaged, while the grounding box and the grounding cable have normal resistance or current to the ground. This case has a higher processing priority than case 2 and needs to be processed, but the shielding layer circulating current usually has a low voltage and the level of harm and damage is not high); Case 3: When the trigger instruction is generated by conditional triggering, and the abnormal signal is a sealing abnormality signal or a cable abnormality signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 3 (this case means that the grounding box and the grounding cable have abnormal resistance to ground and cannot be grounded normally. When the sealing abnormality signal and the increased resistance to ground exist at the same time, it often means that water accumulates in the grounding box, causing the grounding resistance to increase. When the cable abnormality signal and the increased resistance to ground exist at the same time, it means that the grounding cable is disconnected from the earth, which may be caused by cable breakage or theft. In any case, the handling priority is high and needs to be handled as soon as possible to ensure that the grounding box is grounded normally); Case 4: When the trigger instruction is generated by conditional triggering, and the abnormal signal is a component abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 4 (this case means that the current in the grounding box and the grounding cable is abnormal, the shielding layer or protective layer of the load cable is disconnected to the ground, and the current flows to the ground through the grounding cable, causing the electrical components in the grounding box to heat up due to the current passing through. The problem is that the shielding layer is broken or the wiring is loose and short-circuited. At this time, the box is energized and poses a threat to the surrounding personnel, which needs to be handled immediately); It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, conditionally triggered current anomalies and ground resistance anomalies cannot exist at the same time (when the resistance is abnormal, the current will not be normally conducted to the ground through the grounding cable, and no abnormal current will be formed). When the conditional trigger instruction generation condition is an abnormal current trigger, it means that the grounding cable can be grounded normally, and the current flows to the ground through the grounding cable.

[0037] Obtain the impact area of ​​the load line connected to the grounding box, and record the impact index based on the resident data within the impact area , the distance between the grounding box and the maintenance personnel and the height of the grounding box from the ground are recorded as , after normalization, enter the formula Calculate the priority evaluation value , where Z represents the priority assignment, These are all preset weight coefficients.

[0038] It should be noted that the affected area refers to the power outage area after the load line fails and breaks the circuit, because when troubleshooting and maintaining the grounding box, it is necessary to power off the load circuit to ensure the safety of the maintenance process. The larger the affected area, the greater the impact of the grounding box failure, and the higher the processing priority. In addition, in general, the closer the distance and the lower the height of the grounding box, the shorter the maintenance time, and the higher the processing efficiency and processing priority.

[0039] The calculation process of the impact index is as follows: The buildings in the affected area are divided into industrial buildings (mainly used for construction production), residential buildings (mainly used for living), commercial buildings (mainly used for shopping and consumption), office buildings (mainly used for business offices) and other buildings (buildings other than the above buildings). The area proportions of different types of buildings in the affected area are obtained and recorded as , record the equipment with power consumption greater than 10kW as large equipment, and count the number of large equipment in each building 、Number of generators equipped And the average daily electricity consumption ; Record the number of people entering and leaving each building to calculate the real-time number of people in the building. Set a monitoring interval and obtain the average of the real-time number of people recorded multiple times in the monitoring interval as the number of people affected by the building. , substitute into the formula Calculate the power outage impact value for each building ,in All are preset weight coefficients; Assume that the power outage impact values ​​of different buildings are , giving it a corresponding type influence value , q is the total number of buildings, u represents the type of building, and u=(1,2,3,4,5) corresponds to industrial buildings, residential buildings, commercial buildings, office buildings and other buildings respectively, v=(1,2), when the current time is on a weekday and in the preset working time interval (usually 9 am to 6 pm), v=1, when the current time is not on a weekday or in the preset working time interval (usually 9 am to 6 pm), v=2, type impact value The assignment matrix is ​​expressed as ; By formula The impact index is calculated.

[0040] The priority evaluation value enables maintenance personnel to preferentially select one of the grounding boxes for maintenance based on the fault diagnosis of the grounding boxes, the impact range of the grounding boxes, and the location distance when they receive abnormal signals from multiple grounding boxes, so as to improve the efficiency of maintenance and reduce the impact of maintenance.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box, characterized in that: include: The detection trigger unit includes periodic trigger and conditional trigger. Both trigger modes generate trigger instructions. The cycle duration of the periodic trigger is calculated based on the environmental impact coefficient, material impact coefficient and installation impact coefficient of the grounding box combined with the service life of the grounding box; The control fault detection unit detects the grounding box when a trigger instruction is generated. The detections are respectively appearance detection, infrared detection, cable detection and sealing detection. A component abnormality signal is generated based on the results of the appearance detection and infrared detection, a cable abnormality signal is generated based on the results of the cable detection, and a sealing abnormality signal is generated based on the results of the sealing detection; The priority feedback unit assigns an inspection priority to different abnormal signals based on the way the detection trigger unit generates the trigger instruction and the type of the generated abnormal signal, wherein: When the cycle is triggered and the abnormal signal is a sealing abnormal signal or a cable abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 1; When the cycle is triggered and the abnormal signal is a component abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 2; When the condition is triggered and the abnormal signal is a sealing abnormal signal or a cable abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 3; When the condition is triggered and the abnormal signal is a component abnormal signal, the inspection priority is assigned a value of 4; The priority evaluation values ​​of different grounding boxes are calculated by combining the location data of the grounding box and the impact range, and the grounding box with the largest priority evaluation value is selected for priority processing.

2. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation process of the environmental impact coefficient is as follows: The j meteorological monitoring points near the grounding box are recorded as the adjacent monitoring points of the grounding box. , where i is the serial number of the adjacent monitoring point, i=1,2,…,j, obtain each adjacent monitoring point The position data is recorded as ,in Represent longitude, latitude and altitude respectively. Assume the location data of the grounding box is , get each adjacent monitoring point The annual average precipitation data and the number of sunny days in a year are recorded as , substitute into the formula The humidity index of each adjacent monitoring point is calculated ,in All are preset weight coefficients; Get each adjacent monitoring point The annual average temperature is recorded as the temperature index , perform linear regression analysis on the temperature index and altitude and build a linear regression model, and calculate the temperature index corresponding to the grounding box location based on the linear regression model ; Get the humidity index of each adjacent monitoring point And the temperature index corresponding to the grounding box position , substitute into the formula Calculate in and get the environmental impact coefficient of the grounding box , Indicates the distance between adjacent monitoring points and the grounding box.

3. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The criteria for clear weather are: Assume that the sunrise and sunset times of the day are , get the sunshine duration of the day and record it as , substitute into the formula Calculate the sunshine ratio in When the sunshine ratio is greater than or equal to the preset sunshine ratio threshold, the day will be recorded as sunny.

4. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation process of the installation influence coefficient is as follows: Step 1: Construct a three-dimensional coordinate system with north-south, east-west, and up-down directions as the x, y, and z axes respectively. Construct a three-dimensional model of the grounding box in the three-dimensional coordinate system as the target model to obtain the current wind speed. As well as the current wind direction, construct the vector corresponding to the current wind direction in the three-dimensional coordinate system and record it as the wind direction vector. The modulus of the wind direction vector is equal to the current wind speed. Draw a reference plane perpendicular to the wind direction vector and record it as the target reference plane. Obtain the projection area of ​​the target model on the target reference plane and record it as the windward area. , obtain multiple planes that make up the outer surface of the target model and record them as target planes , p is the serial number of the target plane; Step 3: Construct a vector perpendicular to the target plane, with the vector direction pointing to the outside of the target model. The vector corresponding to each target plane is recorded as the plane vector of the target plane. When the target plane is located on the side facing the wind direction and the angle between the plane vector and the wind direction vector is greater than 90°, the target plane is recorded as the windward plane, and the opposite plane vector is recorded as the target vector. , the modulus of the target vector Equal to the projected area of ​​the windward plane on the target reference plane; Step 4: When the target planes corresponding to the two target vectors are adjacent planes, the two target vectors are recorded as adjacent vectors, each group of adjacent vectors corresponds to a smoothing index, and the smoothing index is equal to the angle between the adjacent vectors. When the smoothing index is greater than a preset threshold, the adjacent vectors are recorded as adjacent angular vectors. When the smoothing index is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the adjacent vectors are recorded as adjacent smoothing vectors and merged into a new target vector. The vector direction of the new target vector is the direction of the angle bisector of the angle between the two adjacent vectors, and the modulus of the new target vector is equal to the sum of the moduli of the two adjacent vectors. Step 5: Repeat step 4 until any set of adjacent vectors are adjacent corner vectors; Step 6: Calculate the modulus of any set of adjacent corner vectors and the angle between two adjacent planes toward the wind direction , substitute into the formula Calculate the wind resistance coefficient of the corner ,in is the preset coefficient, is the air density, is the drag coefficient corresponding to the material of the grounding box protective shell, and the total drag coefficient is obtained by summing the corner drag coefficients of all adjacent corner vectors ; Substitute into the formula Calculate the current wind force impact value FL, where g is the acceleration of gravity. is the total weight of the grounding box; Step 7: After each equipment maintenance, regularly collect wind impact values ​​and accumulate and sum them to calculate the installation impact coefficient.

5. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The cycle duration calculation process is as follows: Get the service life of the grounding box and combine it with the environmental impact coefficient , Material influence coefficient , Installation influence coefficient , through the formula Calculate the cycle length T; in: Indicates the preset inspection cycle; Indicates the service life of the grounding box; e is a natural constant; 。 6. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cable detection process is as follows: Measure the pressure between the grounding cable and the grounding box along the radial direction of the grounding cable and record it as radial pressure to obtain the current wind speed at the installation location of the grounding box. , obtain the length L and diameter D of the grounding cable below the grounding box; Substitute into the formula Calculate the wind impact value ,in is the preset influence coefficient; When the wind impact value is less than the radial pressure, a cable abnormality signal is generated.

7. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific sealing detection process is as follows: Obtain the difference in air moisture content and relative humidity inside and outside the grounding box, which are recorded as moisture difference and humidity difference , multiple desiccants are evenly arranged inside the grounding box, and the water absorption impact value is calculated based on the weight data analysis of multiple desiccants , obtain the light intensity in the grounding box and record it as the light intensity value , get the internal pressure value of the grounding box ; After normalization, enter the formula Calculate the sealing impact value ,in All are preset values, P is the standard atmospheric pressure, and F is the current wind speed; When the sealing impact value is higher than the preset sealing threshold, a sealing abnormality signal is generated.

8. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The calculation process of water absorption impact value is as follows: The plane where the sealing strip of the grounding box is located is obtained as the strip plane, and multiple strip line segments are drawn on the strip plane. The projection point of each package of desiccant on the strip plane is obtained as the drying point. The current weight of each package of desiccant is obtained and compared with the preset weight threshold. When the current weight is greater than the weight threshold, the drying point is recorded as the over-absorption drying point, and the strip line segment closest to the over-absorption drying point is recorded as the defective line segment, and the number of over-absorption drying points is obtained. and the number of missing segments Substitute into the formula Calculate and obtain the first water absorption impact value ,in is the preset constant coefficient; Obtain the weight difference of the two most recent measurements of the desiccant corresponding to each drying point as the water absorption index of the drying point, record the drying point with a water absorption index greater than 0 as the affected drying point, connect multiple affected drying points to form a closed area, select the closed area with the largest area as the diffusion area, and obtain the area of ​​the diffusion area as the second water absorption influence value ; The first water absorption impact value , Second water absorption impact value After normalization, substitute into the formula Calculate the water absorption impact value ,in is the preset weight coefficient.

9. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The priority evaluation value calculation process is as follows: Obtain the impact area of ​​the load line connected to the grounding box, and record the impact index based on the resident data within the impact area , the distance between the grounding box and the maintenance personnel and the height of the grounding box from the ground are recorded as , after normalization, enter the formula Calculate the priority evaluation value , where Z represents the priority assignment, These are all preset weight coefficients.

10. The cable multi-state perception fault diagnosis system based on a visual grounding box according to claim 9 is characterized in that: Impact Index The calculation process is as follows: The buildings in the affected area are divided into industrial buildings, residential buildings, commercial buildings, office buildings and other buildings, and the area proportions of different types of buildings in the affected area are obtained and recorded as , record the equipment with power consumption greater than 10kW as large equipment, and count the number of large equipment in each building 、Number of generators equipped And the average daily electricity consumption ; Record the number of people entering and leaving each building, calculate the real-time number of people in the building, set a monitoring interval, and obtain the average of the real-time number of people recorded multiple times in the building within the monitoring interval as the number of people affected by the building , substitute into the formula Calculate the power outage impact value for each building ,in All are preset weight coefficients; Assume that the power outage impact values ​​of different buildings are , giving it a corresponding type influence value , q is the total number of buildings, u represents the type of building, and u=(1,2,3,4,5) corresponds to industrial buildings, residential buildings, commercial buildings, office buildings and other buildings respectively, v=(1,2), when the current time is on a working day and in the preset working time interval, v=1, when the current time is not on a working day or in the preset working time interval, v=2; Type Impact Value The assignment matrix is ​​expressed as: ； By formula The impact index is calculated.

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