Supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device and supercritical water-cooled reactor

Abstract

The invention provides a supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device and a supercritical water-cooled reactor, the isolation device is installed in an annular cavity between a hanging basket barrel and a pressure container, the isolation device comprises a first matching piece and a second matching piece, one end of the first matching piece is connected with the inner wall of the hanging basket barrel, and one end, deviating from the hanging basket barrel, of the first matching piece is provided with a first matching part; one end of the second fitting piece is connected with the inner wall of the pressure vessel; one end of the second fitting piece deviating from the inner wall of the pressure vessel is provided with a second fitting part; one end of the circulation gap is communicated with the inlet connecting pipe, and the other end of the circulation gap is communicated with the lower cavity. According to the isolation device, the isolation device is arranged in the annular cavity based on the double-flow structure requirement of the supercritical water-cooled reactor, and the first matching part and the second matching part are matched with each other to form the circulation gap, so that a coolant flowing into the annular cavity through the inlet connecting pipe can partially flow into the lower cavity through the circulation gap, and the cooling requirement of the inner wall of the pressure container is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of supercritical water-cooled reactor flow channel design, and in particular to a supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device and a supercritical water-cooled reactor. Background Art

[0002] The supercritical water-cooled reactor is the only light water-cooled reactor among the six most promising candidate reactor types identified by the Generation IV International Forum.

[0003] Compared with single-process cores, dual-process and triple-process cores have a longer coolant heating length, a smaller axial temperature difference of the coolant, a smaller density change, and a uniform axial slowdown, which is beneficial to flattening the axial power density distribution in the fuel rods. However, the structure inside the core is relatively complex. In order to ensure the flow distribution of the dual-process and triple-process flow distribution, some areas inside the reactor need to be isolated, and the cooling requirements of the pressure vessel structure need to be met.

[0004] Based on this, the inventor of the present application proposes a supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device and a supercritical water-cooled reactor, in order to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to realize the requirement of isolating part of the internal area of ​​the reactor in the dual-flow and triple-flow flow distribution and meet the cooling demand of the pressure vessel structure, and provides a supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device and a supercritical water-cooled reactor.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device, which is installed in the annular cavity between the hanging basket cylinder and the pressure vessel, and comprises:

[0008] A first matching piece, one end of which is connected to the inner wall of the hanging basket cylinder, and the end of the first matching piece facing away from the hanging basket cylinder has a first matching portion;

[0009] A second matching piece, one end of which is connected to the inner wall of the pressure container, and an end of the second matching piece which is away from the inner wall of the pressure container has a second matching portion; wherein,

[0010] The first matching portion cooperates with the second matching portion to form a flow gap, one end of the flow gap is connected to the inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to the lower chamber.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first matching piece is arranged in an annular shape along the circumference of the hanging basket cylinder;

[0012] The second fitting member is arranged in an annular shape along the circumference of the pressure vessel.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, projections of the first matching portion and the second matching portion along the axial direction of the pressure vessel at least partially overlap.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least two first matching steps are provided on a side of the first matching portion facing the second matching portion;

[0015] The second matching portion is provided with at least two second matching steps on one side facing the first matching portion;

[0016] The first matching portion and the second matching portion are clearance-matched through multiple levels of the first matching steps and the second matching steps.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first mating step includes a first mating surface corresponding to the axial direction of the pressure vessel and a second mating surface perpendicular to the first mating surface;

[0018] The second mating step includes a third mating surface corresponding to the axial direction of the pressure vessel and a fourth mating surface perpendicular to the third mating surface.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the first mating step and the second mating step adjacent to each other, the first mating surface and the third mating surface are clearance-matched;

[0020] The second mating surface abuts against the fourth mating surface.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first matching portion and the second matching portion are matched with each other through a tooth groove sealing.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, adjacent teeth are clearance-fitted on a side close to the pressure vessel, and are closely fitted on a side away from the pressure vessel.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first fitting member is located above the second fitting member in the axial direction of the pressure vessel.

[0024] The present invention also provides a supercritical water-cooled reactor, which is characterized by comprising:

[0025] A pressure vessel and a hanging basket cylinder, wherein an annular cavity is formed between the outer side of the hanging basket cylinder and the pressure vessel;

[0026] The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device as described above is arranged in the annular cavity, and at least part of the coolant flows through the annular cavity to the lower chamber of the pressure vessel.

[0027] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device of the present invention is based on the structural requirements of the supercritical water-cooled reactor dual-flow process. An isolation device is arranged in the annular cavity. The first matching part and the second matching part cooperate with each other to form a flow gap, so that the coolant flowing into the annular cavity through the inlet pipe can partially flow to the lower chamber through the flow gap, thereby meeting the cooling requirements of the inner wall of the pressure vessel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view at one angle of the supercritical water-cooled reactor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first cooperation piece and the second cooperation piece of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the first matching portion and the second matching portion of the present invention in a matching state;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the first matching portion and the second matching portion of the present invention.

[0034] 1. Basket cylinder; 11. Inlet pipe; 12. Lower chamber;

[0035] 2. Pressure vessel;

[0036] 3. first matching piece; 31. first matching portion; 311. first matching step; 312. first matching surface; 313. second matching surface;

[0037] 4. Second matching piece; 41. Second matching portion; 411. Second matching step; 413. Third matching surface; 414. Fourth matching surface; 42. Flow gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings. More details are elaborated in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in a variety of other ways different from the description herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations and deductions based on actual application situations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The present invention proposes a supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device, which is installed in the annular cavity between the hanging basket cylinder 1 and the pressure vessel 2. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device includes a first fitting 3 and a second fitting 4. One end of the first fitting 3 is connected to the inner wall of the hanging basket cylinder 1, and the end of the first fitting 3 facing away from the hanging basket cylinder 1 has a first fitting portion 31; one end of the second fitting 4 is connected to the inner wall of the pressure vessel 2, and the end of the second fitting 4 facing away from the inner wall of the pressure vessel 2 has a second fitting portion 41; wherein the first fitting portion 31 cooperates with the second fitting portion 41 to form a flow gap 42, one end of the flow gap 42 is connected to the inlet pipe 11, and the other end is connected to the lower chamber 12.

[0041] Most of the coolant in the inlet pipe 11 of the pressure vessel 2 enters the hanging basket cylinder 1 and then flows through the core for heating before being discharged from the outlet pipe. In this process, a flow of coolant will form a relatively high temperature state in the lower chamber 12 after being heated by the core. Once the temperature exceeds the bearing limit of the material of the pressure vessel 2 itself, the structure of the pressure vessel 2 itself will be at risk of damage.

[0042] Based on this, the present invention sets an isolation device in the annular cavity formed by the outside of the hanging basket cylinder 1 and the pressure vessel 2, so that the relatively low-temperature coolant on the inlet side can flow to the lower chamber 12 through the isolation device. On the one hand, the heat exchange and cooling of the surrounding side of the pressure vessel 2 can be carried out, and on the other hand, the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the isolation device can be controlled to neutralize the temperature of the coolant in the lower chamber 12, so as to ensure that the temperature of the inner wall surface of the pressure vessel 2 is within its own tolerable range, thereby ensuring the safety of the use of the pressure vessel 2.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The isolation device is composed of a first fitting 3 and a second fitting 4. The first fitting 3 and the second fitting 4 cooperate to form a flow gap 42. The space above the isolation device is connected to the inlet pipe 11, and the space below the isolation device is connected to the lower chamber 12. The coolant flowing in through the inlet pipe 11 flows to the lower chamber 12 through the flow gap 42 to meet the cooling demand of the pressure vessel 2, and the flow ratio of the coolant flowing through the isolation device is controlled by controlling the size of the flow gap 42.

[0044] It should be noted that the flow gap 42 may be a flow hole formed by the cooperation of the first fitting 3 and the second fitting 4 , and the flow rate flowing through the isolation device to the lower chamber 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the flow hole.

[0045] It can be seen that the first matching piece 3 is arranged in a ring shape along the circumference of the hanging basket cylinder 1; the second matching piece 4 is arranged in a ring shape along the circumference of the pressure vessel 2.

[0046] That is, the overall shapes of the first fitting member 3 and the second fitting member 4 are both annular, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the flow rate flowing through the flow gap 42 and ensuring the uniformity of the cooling of the inner wall of the pressure vessel 2 .

[0047] In one embodiment, projections of the first matching portion 31 and the second matching portion 41 along the axial direction of the pressure container 2 at least partially overlap.

[0048] In this way, the flow gap 42 between the first matching part 31 and the second matching part 41 is relatively sealed in a labyrinth. On the one hand, it can adapt to the inconsistent thermal expansion caused by the temperature difference between the pressure vessel 2 and the internal components (such as the hanging basket cylinder 1); on the other hand, it can prevent excessive coolant from flowing to the lower chamber 12 through the flow gap 42 to affect the temperature of the coolant in the lower chamber 12.

[0049] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first matching portion 31 is provided with at least two first matching steps 311 on the side facing the second matching portion 41; the second matching portion 41 is provided with at least two second matching steps 411 on the side facing the first matching portion 31; the first matching portion 31 and the second matching portion 41 are gap-matched through multiple levels of first matching steps 311 and second matching steps 411.

[0050] The step-gap matching of the first matching portion 31 and the second matching portion 41 can reduce the flow of the coolant through the flow gap 42, thereby preventing too large a proportion of the coolant from reaching the lower chamber 12 through the flow gap 42, thereby preventing the coolant temperature of the lower chamber 12 from reaching the target value.

[0051] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first mating step 311 includes a first mating surface 312 corresponding to the axial direction of the pressure vessel 2 and a second mating surface 313 perpendicular to the first mating surface 312 .

[0052] Correspondingly, the second mating step 411 includes a third mating surface 413 corresponding to the axial direction of the pressure vessel 2 and a fourth mating surface 414 perpendicular to the third mating surface 413 .

[0053] Furthermore, in the first matching step 311 and the second matching step 411 adjacent to each other, the first matching surface 312 and the third matching surface 413 are clearance-matched; and the second matching surface 313 and the fourth matching surface 414 are in abutment with each other.

[0054] It should be noted that the coolant inlet temperature of the supercritical water-cooled reactor is about 280°C, the first-process coolant temperature is about 400°C, and the second-process coolant temperature is about 510°C. The temperature difference between the first-process and second-process coolants and the inlet coolant is large, so that the first mating surface 312 and the third mating surface 413 are clearance-matched along the radial direction of the pressure vessel 2, which can effectively solve the problem of inconsistent thermal expansion caused by the temperature difference between the pressure vessel 2 and the components inside the reactor.

[0055] In some other implementations, please refer to Figure 4 The first matching portion 31 and the second matching portion 41 are matched with each other through a tooth groove seal.

[0056] Correspondingly, the end surfaces of adjacent teeth close to the pressure vessel 2 are clearance-fitted, while the end surfaces away from the pressure vessel 2 are close to each other and fit closely.

[0057] Similarly, the clearance fit between adjacent teeth in the groove on the side close to the pressure vessel 2 in the tooth-slot fit is also to accommodate the problem of inconsistent radial thermal expansion caused by the temperature difference of the components inside the pile.

[0058] Compared with the traditional rubber gasket seal, the isolation device proposed in the present invention adopts the first fitting part 3 and the second fitting part 4 for non-contact cooperation, and can be used in high temperature and high pressure environments; compared with the traditional sealing ring seal, the first fitting part 3 and the second fitting part 4 cooperate with each other in the present invention, which is more economical and durable; compared with the sealant seal, the first fitting part 3 and the second fitting part 4 adopted in the present invention can be used in an irradiated water environment; and compared with the contact seal, the first fitting part 3 and the second fitting part 4 adopted in the present invention can solve the problem of inconsistent thermal expansion of the pressure vessel 2 and the components inside the pile.

[0059] In some other embodiments, the matching form between the first matching portion 31 and the second matching portion 41 is not limited to the step type, and can also be a helical step type, a staggered arrangement, a honeycomb maze type, etc., which is not limited here.

[0060] The present invention also proposes a supercritical water-cooled reactor, comprising a pressure vessel 2 and a hanging basket cylinder 1, wherein an annular cavity is formed between the outer side of the hanging basket cylinder 1 and the pressure vessel 2; and further comprising the supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device as described above, wherein the supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device is arranged in the annular cavity, and at least part of the coolant flows through the annular cavity to the lower chamber 12 of the pressure vessel 2.

[0061] In summary, the supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device of the present invention is based on the structural requirements of the supercritical water-cooled reactor dual-flow process, and an isolation device is arranged in the annular cavity. The first matching portion 31 and the second matching portion 41 cooperate with each other to form a flow gap 42, so that the coolant flowing into the annular cavity through the inlet pipe 11 can partially flow to the lower chamber 12 through the flow gap 42, thereby meeting the cooling requirements of the inner wall of the pressure vessel 2.

[0062] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "install", "connect", "connect", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] The present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0064] In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise specified, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicates that the numbers allow a variation of ±20%.

[0065] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terms used in this application are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some terms mentioned in the specification of this application may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description of this article. In addition, it is required to understand this application not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0066] Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device, installed in the annular cavity between the hanging basket cylinder and the pressure vessel, characterized in that: include: A first matching piece, one end of which is connected to the inner wall of the hanging basket cylinder, and the end of the first matching piece facing away from the hanging basket cylinder has a first matching portion; A second matching piece, one end of which is connected to the inner wall of the pressure container, and an end of the second matching piece which is away from the inner wall of the pressure container has a second matching portion; wherein, The first matching portion cooperates with the second matching portion to form a flow gap, one end of the flow gap is connected to the inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to the lower chamber.

2. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first matching piece is arranged in an annular shape along the circumference of the hanging basket cylinder; The second fitting member is arranged in an annular shape along the circumference of the pressure vessel.

3. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Projections of the first matching portion and the second matching portion along the axial direction of the pressure container at least partially overlap.

4. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least two first matching steps are provided on one side of the first matching portion facing the second matching portion; The second matching portion is provided with at least two second matching steps on one side facing the first matching portion; The first matching portion and the second matching portion are clearance-matched through multiple levels of the first matching steps and the second matching steps.

5. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first mating step comprises a first mating surface corresponding to the axial direction of the pressure vessel and a second mating surface perpendicular to the first mating surface; The second mating step includes a third mating surface corresponding to the axial direction of the pressure vessel and a fourth mating surface perpendicular to the third mating surface.

6. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the first mating step and the second mating step adjacent to each other, the first mating surface is clearance-fitted with the third mating surface; The second mating surface abuts against the fourth mating surface.

7. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first matching portion and the second matching portion are matched with each other through a tooth groove seal.

8. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjacent teeth are clearance-fitted on a side close to the pressure container, and are closely fitted on a side away from the pressure container.

9. The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fitting member is located above the second fitting member along the axial direction of the pressure vessel.

10. A supercritical water-cooled reactor, characterized in that: include: A pressure vessel and a hanging basket cylinder, wherein an annular cavity is formed between the outer side of the hanging basket cylinder and the pressure vessel; The supercritical water-cooled reactor annular cavity isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is arranged in the annular cavity, and at least part of the coolant flows through the annular cavity to the lower chamber of the pressure vessel.

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