Reactor and reactor core container thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of pressure vessels of nuclear reactors, in particular to a reactor and a reactor core vessel thereof, and the reactor core vessel comprises a vessel main body, a plurality of jackets, a partition assembly, a plurality of liquid inlet pipes and a plurality of liquid outlet pipes. The plurality of jackets are arranged on the container main body and can form a plurality of fuel channels for accommodating fuel; the separation assembly is arranged in the container main body and is matched with the container main body to form a plurality of cooling flow channels which are not communicated with one another, and a coolant in the reactor can enter the plurality of cooling flow channels respectively so as to cool fuel in the fuel hole channel; the plurality of liquid inlet pipes and the plurality of liquid outlet pipes are arranged outside the container main body, the liquid inlet pipes and the liquid outlet pipes are arranged corresponding to the cooling flow channels, coolants flowing into the liquid inlet pipes flow into the corresponding cooling flow channels, and the coolants flowing out of the cooling flow channels flow into the corresponding liquid outlet pipes and flow out of the corresponding liquid outlet pipes. According to the reactor core container provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fuel temperature can be prevented from exceeding the melting point, and the safety of a reactor is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of pressure vessels of nuclear reactors, and in particular to a reactor and a core container thereof. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The lunar reactor can provide energy for the lunar base through nuclear reactions, enabling the lunar base to get rid of its dependence on solar radiation energy. It has many advantages such as high energy density, small size, light weight, strong environmental adaptability, and independence from sunlight. With the development of space technology, lunar reactors have been widely used in the design of lunar bases.

[0004] Since the lunar reactor is used to provide energy for the lunar base, in order to ensure the safety of the lunar base personnel, the lunar reactor should be able to output the electrical power required for the lunar base heat source to survive after a failure, so as not to fail completely. However, the core container of the commonly used reactor only forms one primary circuit. When the primary circuit is damaged, the reactor stops running and cannot output electrical power. Summary of the invention

[0005] A brief overview of the present application is provided below in order to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description discussed later.

[0006] In the related art, the core container is usually set to form multiple primary circuits, and a corresponding secondary circuit is set for each primary circuit, so that when one or several primary circuits are damaged, the remaining primary circuits can still output electrical power. However, after the primary circuit is damaged, the fuel continues to generate heat, but the secondary circuit corresponding to the primary circuit cannot take out the heat generated by the fuel. The heat generated by the fuel can only be transferred to the surrounding primary circuits and taken out by the secondary circuits corresponding to the surrounding primary circuits. It is impossible to take out the heat in time, and there is a safety hazard that the fuel temperature rises to above the melting point.

[0007] In response to at least one aspect of the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a reactor and a core container thereof.

[0008] In the first aspect, the core container provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a container body, multiple claddings, a partition assembly, multiple liquid inlet pipes and multiple liquid outlet pipes. Multiple claddings are arranged on the container body, and the multiple claddings form multiple fuel channels for accommodating fuel; the partition assembly is arranged inside the container body, and is used to cooperate with the container body to form multiple cooling channels, and the multiple cooling channels are not interconnected. The multiple cooling channels and the multiple claddings are arranged so that the coolant in the reactor can enter the multiple cooling channels respectively to cool the fuel in the fuel channels; multiple liquid inlet pipes are arranged outside the container body, and the liquid inlet pipes are arranged correspondingly to the cooling channels so that the coolant flowing into the liquid inlet pipes flows into the corresponding cooling channels; multiple liquid outlet pipes are arranged outside the container body, and the liquid outlet pipes are arranged correspondingly to the cooling channels so that the coolant flowing out of the cooling channels flows into the corresponding liquid outlet pipes and flows out from the corresponding liquid outlet pipes.

[0009] The core container provided in the embodiment of the present application cools the fuel in the fuel channel by the coolant entering into multiple unconnected cooling channels, so that when one cooling channel fails, the coolant can still flow into the remaining cooling channels to cool the fuel, which can prevent the fuel in the fuel channel from continuously increasing in temperature due to lack of cooling, and further prevent the fuel temperature from exceeding the melting point, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of the reactor; at the same time, when one cooling channel fails, the reactor can still have electrical power output.

[0010] In a second aspect, the reactor provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a core container, a fuel and a coolant supply part provided by the embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, wherein the fuel is arranged in the core container, and the coolant supply part is used to provide coolant to the core container. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Other objects and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, and will help to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present application.

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a core container provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0013] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the core vessel is shown.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a top view of the second type of core container provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the core vessel is shown.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a top view of the third type of core container provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 6 It is a top view of the fourth type of core container provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth type of core container provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth type of core container provided in an embodiment of the present application after omitting the container body and the cladding.

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 100. Reactor core container;

[0022] 10. Container body; 20. Cladding; 201. Fuel channel;

[0023] 30, partition assembly; 301, cooling channel; 3011, intermediate pipeline; 3012, liquid inlet cavity; 3013, liquid outlet cavity; 31, liquid inlet partition plate; 310, liquid inlet clearance hole; 32, liquid outlet partition plate; 320, liquid outlet clearance hole; 33, intermediate pipeline cladding; 3001, intermediate pipe fitting; 30010, through hole;

[0024] 40. Liquid inlet pipe; 50. Liquid outlet pipe.

[0025] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all features of the actual implementation are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the process of developing any such actual implementation in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as meeting those constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary from implementation to implementation. In addition, it should be understood that although the development work may be very complex and time-consuming, it is only a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0027] It is also necessary to explain here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, only the device structure and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not very relevant to the present application are omitted.

[0028] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2An embodiment of the present application provides a core container 100 of a reactor, which may include a container body 10, a plurality of claddings 20, a partition assembly 30, a plurality of liquid inlet pipes 40 and a plurality of liquid outlet pipes 50. A plurality of claddings 20 are arranged on the container body 10, and the plurality of claddings 20 form a plurality of fuel channels 201 for accommodating fuel; a partition assembly 30 is arranged inside the container body 10, and is used to cooperate with the container body 10 to form a plurality of cooling channels 301, and the plurality of cooling channels 301 are not interconnected, and the plurality of cooling channels 301 and the plurality of claddings 20 are arranged so that the coolant in the reactor can enter the plurality of cooling channels 301 respectively to cool the fuel in the fuel channels 201; a plurality of liquid inlet pipes 40 are arranged outside the container body 10, and the liquid inlet pipes 40 are arranged corresponding to the cooling channels 301, so that the coolant flowing into the liquid inlet pipes 40 flows into the corresponding cooling channels 301; a plurality of liquid outlet pipes 50 are arranged outside the container body 10, and the liquid outlet pipes 50 are arranged corresponding to the cooling channels 301, so that the coolant flowing out of the cooling channels 301 flows into the corresponding liquid outlet pipes 50 and flows out from the corresponding liquid outlet pipes 50.

[0029] The core container 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application cools the fuel in the fuel channel 201 by the coolant entering into a plurality of unconnected cooling channels 301, so that when one cooling channel 301 fails, coolant can still flow into the remaining cooling channels 301 to cool the fuel, which can prevent the temperature of the fuel in the fuel channel 201 from continuously rising due to lack of cooling, and further prevent the fuel temperature from exceeding the melting point, which is beneficial to ensuring the safety of the reactor; at the same time, when one cooling channel 301 fails, the reactor can still have electrical power output.

[0030] In some embodiments, both ends of the fuel hole 201 are open. In other embodiments, one end of the fuel hole 201 is open. After the fuel is inserted into the fuel hole 201, both ends or one end of the fuel hole 201 can be sealed or otherwise fastened as needed.

[0031] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the number of cooling channels 301 may be 2 or 3. In some embodiments, when the core container 100 is provided with 2 cooling channels 301, after one cooling channel 301 fails, the reactor can output half of the original power; when the core container 100 is provided with 3 cooling channels 301, after one cooling channel 301 fails, the reactor can output two-thirds of the original power.

[0032] In some embodiments, the number of fuel channels 201 and the number of cooling channels 301 can be designed according to actual needs.

[0033] In some embodiments, the core vessel 100 may be used in a lunar reactor, or an unmanned or manned reactor located on the ground or in the ocean.

[0034] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, multiple cooling channels 301 are evenly dispersed in the container body 10. In such an embodiment, when one cooling channel 301 fails, the evenly dispersed multiple cooling channels 301 make the temperature rise of the fuel lower, which is beneficial to prevent the temperature of the fuel from exceeding the melting point; at the same time, due to the low temperature rise of the fuel, mature materials (such as 316L stainless steel) can be used as the material of the container body 10, which is beneficial to shorten the processing and manufacturing difficulty of the core container 100.

[0035] Easily understandable, Figure 2 and Figure 3 Only a schematic diagram of the distribution of the fuel holes 201 and the cooling channels 301 is given, and the actual number is not indicated.

[0036] In some embodiments, when one cooling channel 301 fails, the thermal power of the core can be reduced to avoid or reduce the temperature rise of the fuel. In some embodiments, the plurality of fuel channels 201 can be arranged in a triangular grid.

[0037] In some embodiments, the container body 10, the plurality of claddings 20 and the partition assembly 30 are integrally formed. In such an embodiment, it is beneficial to improve the structural strength of the core container 100.

[0038] In some embodiments, the container body 10, the multiple claddings 20 and the partition assembly 30 are integrally formed by 3D printing. In such an embodiment, 3D printing enables the container body 10, the multiple claddings 20 and the partition assembly 30 to be integrally formed without welding, and there are no problems with weld quality and weld reliability, which is conducive to improving the reliability of the core container 100; at the same time, 3D printing can significantly shorten the processing and manufacturing cycle of the core container 100.

[0039] See also Figure 4In some embodiments, each cooling channel 301 includes a plurality of intermediate pipelines 3011, a plurality of liquid inlet cavities 3012, and a plurality of liquid outlet cavities 3013. The intermediate pipeline 3011 is arranged correspondingly to the liquid inlet cavity 3012, so that the coolant flowing into the liquid inlet cavity 3012 flows into the corresponding intermediate pipeline 3011, and the intermediate pipeline 3011 is also arranged correspondingly to the liquid outlet cavity 3013, so that the coolant flowing out of the intermediate pipeline 3011 flows into the corresponding liquid outlet cavity 3013 and flows out from the corresponding liquid outlet cavity 3013. The liquid inlet cavity 3012 is also arranged correspondingly to the liquid inlet pipe 40, and the coolant flowing in from the liquid inlet pipe 40 flows into the corresponding liquid inlet cavity 3012, and the liquid outlet cavity 3013 is also arranged correspondingly to the liquid outlet pipe 50, and the coolant flowing out of the liquid outlet cavity 3013 flows to the corresponding liquid outlet pipe 50; wherein, the plurality of liquid inlet cavities 3012 are not connected to each other, and the plurality of liquid outlet cavities 3013 are not connected to each other. In such an embodiment, the liquid inlet cavity 3012 and the liquid outlet cavity 3013 are not connected to each other, so that the cooling channels 301 can be disconnected from each other, so that when one cooling channel 301 fails, the coolant can still flow into the remaining cooling channels 301 to cool the fuel in the fuel channel 201.

[0040] In some embodiments, the plurality of intermediate pipelines 3011 in each cooling channel 301 can be divided into a plurality of groups, and the intermediate pipelines 3011 in each group are connected to the same liquid inlet cavity 3012 and liquid outlet cavity 3013. In some embodiments, the structure of the cooling channel 301, the number of intermediate pipelines 3011 in each cooling channel 301, and the number of groups of the intermediate pipelines 3011 can be designed according to actual needs.

[0041] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the shape of the intermediate pipeline 3011 can be set according to actual use needs, for example, the shape of the intermediate pipeline 3011 can be set to be cylindrical. Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is easy to understand that the shape of the intermediate pipeline 3011 can also be other shapes besides cylindrical.

[0042] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the container body 10, the plurality of enclosures 20 and the partition assembly 30 can also be integrally formed by welding.

[0043] See also Figure 4In some embodiments, the partition assembly 30 may include a plurality of liquid inlet partition plates 31 and a plurality of liquid outlet partition plates 32. The plurality of liquid inlet partition plates 31 are arranged in parallel with each other inside the container body 10, and the plurality of liquid inlet partition plates 31 and the inner wall of the container body 10 together form a plurality of liquid inlet cavities 3012; the plurality of liquid outlet partition plates 32 are arranged in parallel with each other inside the container body 10, and the plurality of liquid outlet partition plates 32 and the inner wall of the container body 10 together form a plurality of liquid outlet cavities 3013; wherein each liquid inlet partition plate 31 and each liquid outlet partition plate 32 respectively form a plurality of liquid inlet clearance holes 310 and a plurality of liquid outlet clearance holes 320 for the plurality of claddings 20 to pass through. In such an embodiment, a plurality of liquid inlet partition plates 31 and a plurality of liquid outlet partition plates 32 can form a plurality of liquid inlet cavities 3012 and a plurality of liquid outlet cavities 3013 that are not connected to each other, thereby making the plurality of cooling channels 301 not connected to each other.

[0044] See also Figure 1 In some embodiments, the plurality of liquid inlet pipes 40 are staggered in the circumferential direction and the height direction of the container body 10, and the plurality of liquid outlet pipes 50 are staggered in the circumferential direction and the height direction of the container body 10. In such an embodiment, it is convenient for the coolant to flow into the plurality of liquid inlet pipes 40, and it is convenient for the coolant flowing from the intermediate pipeline 3011 into the plurality of liquid outlet pipes 50 to flow out from the liquid outlet pipes 50.

[0045] See also Figure 4 In some embodiments, the partition assembly 30 may further include a plurality of intermediate pipeline shells 33, which are arranged inside the container body 10, and the plurality of intermediate pipeline shells 33 form a plurality of intermediate pipelines 3011. The intermediate pipeline shells 33 are arranged corresponding to the liquid inlet partition plate 31 and the liquid outlet partition plate 32, and one end of each intermediate pipeline shell 33 is connected to the corresponding liquid inlet partition plate 31, and the other end is connected to the corresponding liquid outlet partition plate 32; the remaining liquid inlet partition plates 31 and the remaining liquid outlet partition plates 32 are formed with through holes 30010 for the intermediate pipeline shells 33 that do not correspond to them to pass through. In such an embodiment, the intermediate pipeline shells 33 are arranged corresponding to the liquid inlet partition plate 31 and the liquid outlet partition plate 32, so that the intermediate pipeline 3011 is arranged corresponding to the liquid inlet cavity 3012 and the liquid outlet cavity 3013, so that the cooling channels 301 can be disconnected from each other.

[0046] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8In some embodiments, the partition assembly 30 may include a plurality of spiral intermediate pipes 3001, each of which spirally extends along the axis of the container body 10. The intermediate pipes 3001 are arranged corresponding to the liquid inlet cavity 3012 so that the coolant flowing into the liquid inlet cavity 3012 flows into the corresponding intermediate pipe 3001, and the intermediate pipes 3001 are also arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet cavity 3013 so that the coolant flowing out of the intermediate pipe 3001 flows into the corresponding liquid outlet cavity 3013 and flows out from the corresponding liquid outlet cavity 3013; each intermediate pipe 3001 is formed with a plurality of through holes 30010 for a plurality of claddings 20 to pass through. In such an embodiment, a plurality of intermediate pipes 3001 can form a plurality of intermediate pipelines 3011, and each intermediate pipe 3001 is formed with a through hole 30010 for a plurality of claddings 20 to pass through, so that the coolant flowing into each intermediate pipeline 3011 can cool the fuel in a plurality of fuel channels 201 at the same time, and further, when one or several intermediate pipelines 3011 fail, the remaining intermediate pipelines 3011 can still cool the fuel in the plurality of fuel channels 201.

[0047] An embodiment of the present application further provides a reactor, which includes a core container 100 , fuel, and a coolant supply unit, wherein the fuel is disposed in the core container 100 , and the coolant supply unit is used to provide coolant to the core container 100 .

[0048] In some embodiments, when the reactor is launched, no fuel is loaded in the reactor; fuel can be loaded on the lunar surface after launching to the lunar surface. In such an embodiment, since there is no fuel in the core container 100 during launch, even if there is a launch failure and the core falls, the core will not reach a critical or supercritical dangerous state, which is conducive to ensuring the safety of the reactor.

[0049] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0050] The above are only specific implementation methods of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A core vessel of a reactor, characterized in that: include: A container body and a plurality of claddings, wherein the plurality of claddings are arranged on the container body, and the plurality of claddings form a plurality of fuel channels for accommodating fuel; A partition assembly is arranged inside the container body and is used to cooperate with the container body to form a plurality of cooling channels, wherein the plurality of cooling channels are not interconnected, and the plurality of cooling channels and the plurality of claddings are arranged so that the coolant in the reactor can enter the plurality of cooling channels respectively to cool the fuel in the fuel channel; A plurality of liquid inlet pipes are arranged outside the container body, and the liquid inlet pipes are arranged corresponding to the cooling channels so that the coolant flowing into the liquid inlet pipes flows into the corresponding cooling channels; A plurality of liquid outlet pipes are arranged outside the container body, and the liquid outlet pipes are arranged corresponding to the cooling channels, so that the coolant flowing out of the cooling channels flows into the corresponding liquid outlet pipes and flows out from the corresponding liquid outlet pipes.

2. The core container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of cooling channels are evenly dispersed in the container body.

3. The core container according to claim 2, characterized in that: The container body, the plurality of enclosures and the partition assembly are integrally formed.

4. The core container according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the cooling channels includes a plurality of intermediate pipelines, a plurality of liquid inlet cavities and a plurality of liquid outlet cavities. The intermediate pipeline is arranged corresponding to the liquid inlet cavity, so that the coolant flowing into the liquid inlet cavity flows into the corresponding intermediate pipeline. The intermediate pipeline is arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet cavity, so that the coolant flowing out of the intermediate pipeline flows into the corresponding liquid outlet cavity and flows out of the corresponding liquid outlet cavity; The liquid inlet cavity is also arranged corresponding to the liquid inlet pipe, and the coolant flowing in from the liquid inlet pipe flows into the corresponding liquid inlet cavity. The liquid outlet cavity is also arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet pipe, and the coolant flowing out of the liquid outlet cavity flows to the corresponding liquid outlet pipe; Wherein, the multiple liquid inlet cavities are not connected to each other, and the multiple liquid outlet cavities are not connected to each other.

5. The core container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition assembly comprises: A plurality of liquid inlet partition plates are arranged in parallel with each other inside the container body, and the plurality of liquid inlet partition plates and the inner wall of the container body together form the plurality of liquid inlet cavities; A plurality of liquid outlet partition plates are arranged in parallel with each other inside the container body, and the plurality of liquid outlet partition plates and the inner wall of the container body together form the plurality of liquid outlet cavities; Wherein, each of the liquid inlet partition plates and each of the liquid outlet partition plates is formed with a plurality of clearance holes for the plurality of claddings to pass through.

6. The core container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple liquid inlet pipes are staggered in the circumferential direction and height direction of the container body. The plurality of liquid outlet pipes are staggered in the circumferential direction and the height direction of the container body.

7. The core container according to claim 5, characterized in that: The partition assembly further comprises: A plurality of intermediate pipeline shells are arranged inside the container body, and the plurality of intermediate pipeline shells form a plurality of intermediate pipelines. The intermediate pipeline sheath is correspondingly arranged with the liquid inlet partition plate and the liquid outlet partition plate, one end of each intermediate pipeline sheath is connected to the corresponding liquid inlet partition plate, and the other end is connected to the corresponding liquid outlet partition plate; The remaining liquid inlet partition plates and the remaining liquid outlet partition plates are formed with through holes to allow the intermediate pipeline claddings that do not correspond thereto to pass through.

8. The core container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition assembly includes a plurality of spiral intermediate tubes, each of which extends spirally along the axis of the container body. The intermediate pipe is arranged corresponding to the liquid inlet cavity so that the coolant flowing into the liquid inlet cavity flows into the corresponding intermediate pipe. The intermediate pipe is arranged corresponding to the liquid outlet cavity, so that the coolant flowing out of the intermediate pipe flows into the corresponding liquid outlet cavity and flows out of the corresponding liquid outlet cavity; Each of the intermediate pipes is formed with a plurality of through holes for the plurality of claddings to pass through.

9. The core container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The container body, the multiple enclosures and the partition assembly are integrally formed through 3D printing.

10. A reactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a core container, a fuel supply unit and a coolant supply unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, The fuel is arranged in the core container, and the coolant supply part is used for providing coolant to the core container.

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