Stepless hybrid excitation retarder of trailer

Abstract

The invention provides a trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder, and particularly relates to the technical field of vehicle non-contact auxiliary braking, the trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder comprises an outer stator, a permanent magnet, a retarder rotor, a stator iron core, a magnet yoke, an excitation winding, a servo motor and an oil nozzle; the retarder rotor comprises a rotor disc and a rotor sleeve; the permanent magnet body is attached to the outer surface of the rotor sleeve; the rotor iron core is installed in the retarder rotor. The excitation winding is wound on the stator iron core, and a gap is reserved between the rotating disc and the rotor sleeve so that the excitation winding can be externally connected with a binding post. The retarder has the advantages that the retarder can realize double stepless braking through the brake pedal, so that the braking torque is increased, and the control precision of the braking torque is also improved; the retarder adopts a water-cooling and oil-cooling heat dissipation mode, and the heat dissipation effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle non-contact auxiliary braking. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the global and Chinese trailer markets, especially with the rapid development of industries such as logistics and transportation, the requirements for vehicle braking performance and safety are becoming higher and higher. As an important auxiliary braking system, the market demand for eddy current retarders will continue to grow. New energy vehicles have higher requirements for braking systems and require more efficient and energy-saving braking methods. The rapid development of new energy vehicles has also provided greater market demand for eddy current retarders. Eddy current retarders, with their characteristics such as contactless braking and energy recovery, are in line with the energy-saving and environmental protection concepts of new energy vehicles and are expected to be widely used in the field of new energy vehicles.

[0003] At present, the main excitation methods of eddy current retarders are permanent magnet excitation and excitation coil excitation. Its working principle is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and the retarder stator cuts the magnetic flux lines generated by the permanent magnet or excitation coil to generate auxiliary braking torque. The eddy current retarder can share the workload of the main braking system, alleviate the thermal decay problem of the brake during the braking process of the vehicle, and the water decay problem of the brake after wading.

[0004] A Chinese patent with application number CN202110285985.7 discloses a vehicle permanent magnet eddy current retarder, which includes a retarder stator and a retarder rotor; wherein the retarder rotor is provided with a permanent magnet corresponding to the retarder stator, and the retarder rotor is externally connected to a driving device, and the stator cuts the magnetic lines of force generated by the permanent magnet by axial movement of the rotor close to the stator, thereby generating a braking torque; however, the installation of the retarder rotor and the driving device of the patent is relatively difficult, and since high precision is required to control the air gap size between the retarder stator and the retarder rotor, it is relatively difficult to control the size of the braking torque.

[0005] The Chinese patent application number CN201310279111.6 discloses a current retarder using a composite excitation type of coil and permanent magnet, which includes left and right rotor discs, a stator bracket, a stator, a controller, etc. The stator is composed of 8 electric permanent magnet excitation devices, and the left and right rotor discs are distributed on both sides of the 8 electric permanent magnet excitation devices. The electric permanent magnet excitation device includes an excitation coil, a permanent magnet, magnetic powder, and a yoke. The permanent magnet is made into a hollow cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical container filled with magnetic powder is filled inside. The yoke made of high magnetic permeability material is installed at both ends of the permanent magnet, and the yoke is required to completely cover the end face of the magnetic powder and the permanent magnet. The excitation coil is wound on the outer surface of the cylinder of the permanent magnet. The stator is fixed by the stator bracket and distributed in a circle. The magnetic poles of the two adjacent excitation coils are opposite. The automobile retarder described in this invention uses permanent magnets to enhance the stator magnetic field, and uses magnetic powder to increase the magnetic permeability; but when this invention is not in working state, the permanent magnet will produce a certain amount of leakage magnetic field to affect the drive.

[0006] The Chinese patent application number 202310010751.0 discloses an eddy current retarder, which includes a stator assembly, a rotor assembly and an air gap axial adjustment assembly, and the air gap axial adjustment assembly includes a driving member, a rotating shaft, a spur gear, a rocker, a spur gear, a rocker arm and a push rod. During use, the driving member can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the rocker to move, and the rocker further drives the spur gear to rotate. The spur gear is eccentrically arranged on the spur gear through the rocker, and the spur gear is connected to the push rod through the rocker arm, so that the rotational motion of the spur gear can be converted into the linear motion of the push rod, and then the position of the rotor assembly in the stator assembly can be adjusted, and the size of the axial air gap between the rotor assembly and the stator assembly in the axial direction can be adjusted to achieve dynamic adjustment of the axial air gap, and then the braking torque can be adjusted and controlled, further improving the braking performance of the retarder; but controlling the size of the air gap between the stator assembly and the rotor assembly requires high precision. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention proposes a trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder, which realizes dual stepless braking of the retarder and can more accurately control the size of the auxiliary braking torque; and effectively solves the heat dissipation problem of the retarder through a water-cooling and oil-cooling cooling method.

[0008] The present invention proposes a trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder structure as follows: the retarder housing includes an external stator, a permanent magnet, a retarder rotor, a stator core, a yoke, and an excitation winding; the retarder rotor includes a rotor disk and a rotor sleeve, and the rotor disk and the rotor sleeve are combined by bolts; the permanent magnet is attached to the outer surface of the rotor sleeve; the rotor core is installed inside the retarder rotor; the excitation winding is wound on the stator core, and a gap is left between the rotor disk and the rotor sleeve for the external connection terminal of the excitation winding; the external stator and the retarder rotor do not overlap, the external stator is located in the area of ​​the retarder housing on the side without the fuel injector, and the retarder rotor is located in the area of ​​the retarder housing on the side with the fuel injector; grooves are provided on both sides of the retarder housing, and the outer stator is fixed and the normal sliding of the outer stator is ensured by the cooperation of the slider and the groove.

[0009] The present invention is a trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder as described above. Further, the retarder housing is provided with a water channel, and cooling water flows in from one side of the retarder housing with an end cover under the action of external force and flows out from the other side to realize water cooling circulation; the retarder housing is provided with an oil injector installation position, and a return oil pipe is provided at the bottom of the retarder housing to realize oil cooling circulation.

[0010] The present invention is a stepless hybrid excitation retarder for a trailer as described above. Further, the retarder controls the magnitude of the induced current in the excitation coil and the magnitude of the overlapping area between the external stator and the permanent magnet according to the magnitude of the brake pedal force, thereby achieving double stepless braking.

[0011] The present invention is a stepless hybrid excitation retarder for a trailer as described above, further, the retarder is controlled by a first switch, a second switch and a brake pedal; when the retarder is applied to a trailer vehicle, when the trailer brakes during normal driving, the first switch is closed, and the terminal transmits induced currents of different sizes to the excitation coil by sensing the size of the brake pedal force to generate magnetic flux lines, and the rotor disk generates a braking torque by cutting the magnetic flux lines; the second switch is a servo motor switch, and by closing the second switch, the servo motor controls the distance of the axial movement of the outer stator according to the size of the pedal force, thereby controlling the area of ​​overlap between the outer stator and the permanent magnet, and the outer stator cuts the magnetic flux lines generated by the permanent magnet, thereby generating a braking torque.

[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] It realizes double stepless braking, improves the control accuracy of braking torque through the superposition of braking torque, and can be applied to a variety of vehicle driving conditions.

[0014] The retarder has good heat dissipation effect and realizes dual cooling of oil cooling and water cooling, which can effectively prevent demagnetization problems caused by overheating of permanent magnets.

[0015] During normal driving of the trailer, the stepless hybrid excitation retarder of the trailer only closes the second switch. At this time, during the braking process, not only can an auxiliary braking torque be generated to relieve the braking pressure of the main braking system, but also current can be saved by only exciting the permanent magnet. When the car needs to brake continuously, the first switch and the second switch are all closed. The retarder can generate a larger braking torque and a higher braking torque control accuracy, which can effectively avoid the problem of braking torque decay of the main braking system caused by continuous braking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder in an unactuated state according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A side sectional view of a stepless hybrid excitation retarder for a trailer according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the braking state of a stepless hybrid excitation retarder for a trailer according to the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 10, transmission shaft; 11, retarder housing; 12, cooling water channel; 13, outer stator; 14, servo motor; 15, permanent magnet; 16, rotor sleeve; 17, fuel injector; 18, rotor disk; 19, roller bearing; 20, ball bearing; 21, fixing frame; 22, excitation coil; 23, stator core; 24, yoke; 25, oil return pipe; 31, slider; 32, water inlet; 33, water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] Example:

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, a trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder is characterized in that it includes an external stator, a permanent magnet, a retarder rotor, a stator core, a yoke, an excitation winding, a servo motor, and a fuel injector; the retarder rotor includes a rotor disk and a rotor sleeve, and the rotor disk and the rotor sleeve are combined by bolts; the permanent magnet is attached to the outer surface of the rotor disk; the rotor core is installed inside the retarder rotor; the excitation winding is wound on the stator core, and a gap is left between the turntable and the rotor sleeve for the external connection terminal of the excitation winding; the external stator and the retarder rotor do not overlap, the external stator is located in the area of ​​the retarder housing on the side without the fuel injector, and the retarder rotor is located in the area of ​​the retarder housing on the side with the fuel injector.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a stepless hybrid excitation retarder for a trailer is characterized in that an oil injector installation position is provided on the retarder housing, and an oil return pipe is provided on the retarder housing to realize oil cooling circulation.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, a trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder is characterized in that the retarder housing is provided with a water channel, and cooling water flows in from one side of the retarder housing with an end cover under the action of external force and flows out from the other side to realize water cooling circulation; the outer stator and both sides of the retarder housing are provided with grooves, and the outer stator is fixed and the normal sliding of the outer stator is ensured by the cooperation of the slider and the groove.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, a stepless hybrid excitation retarder for a trailer is characterized in that the retarder is controlled by a first switch, a second switch and a brake pedal; when the retarder is applied to a trailer vehicle and the trailer brakes during normal driving, the first switch is closed, and the terminal senses the force of the brake pedal to pass induced currents of different sizes into the excitation coil to generate magnetic flux lines, and the rotor disk generates a braking torque by cutting the magnetic flux lines; the second switch is a servo motor switch, and by closing the second switch, the servo motor controls the distance of the axial movement of the outer stator according to the size of the pedal force, thereby controlling the area of ​​overlap between the outer stator and the permanent magnet, and the outer stator cuts the magnetic flux lines generated by the permanent magnet, thereby generating a braking torque.

[0027] During normal driving of the automobile, the retarder only closes the second switch. At this time, during the braking process, not only can an auxiliary braking torque be generated to relieve the braking pressure of the main braking system, but also current can be saved by only exciting the permanent magnet. When the automobile needs to brake continuously, the first switch and the second switch are all closed. The retarder can generate a larger braking torque and a higher braking torque control accuracy, which can effectively avoid the degradation problem of the main braking system caused by continuous braking. The retarder controls the size of the induced current in the excitation coil and the size of the overlapping area of ​​the outer stator and the permanent magnet according to the size of the brake pedal force, thereby realizing dual stepless braking.

Claims

1. A stepless hybrid excitation retarder for a trailer, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer stator (13), a permanent magnet (15), a retarder rotor, a stator core (23), a yoke (24), an excitation coil (22), a servo motor (14) and an oil injector (17); the retarder rotor comprises a rotor disk (18) and a rotor sleeve (16); the permanent magnet (15) is attached to the outer surface of the rotor disk (18); the stator core (23) is installed inside the retarder rotor and fixed by a fixing frame (21); the excitation coil (22) is wound on the stator core (23), and a gap is left between the rotor disk (18) and the rotor sleeve (16) for the excitation coil (22) to be connected to an external terminal; grooves are provided on both sides of the outer stator (13) and the retarder housing (11), and the outer stator (13) is fixed and the normal sliding of the outer stator (13) is ensured by the cooperation of the slider (31) and the groove; The trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder controls the magnitude of the induced current in the excitation coil (22) and the size of the overlap area between the external stator (13) and the permanent magnet (15) according to the magnitude of the induced brake pedal force, thereby achieving dual stepless braking.

2. A trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer stator (13) and the retarder rotor do not overlap; the outer stator (13) is located in an area on a side of the retarder housing (11) without the fuel injection nozzle (17), and the retarder rotor is located in an area on a side of the retarder housing (11) with the fuel injection nozzle (17).

3. The trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retarder housing (11) is provided with a cooling water channel (12), and cooling water flows into the retarder housing (11) from one side with an end cover under the action of an external force and flows out from the other side, thereby realizing a water cooling cycle; the retarder housing (11) is provided with an oil injection nozzle installation position, and the retarder housing is provided with an oil return pipe (25), thereby realizing an oil cooling cycle.

4. The trailer stepless hybrid excitation retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retarder is controlled by a first switch, a second switch, and a brake pedal; when the retarder is applied to a trailer vehicle and the trailer brakes during normal driving, the first switch is closed, and the terminal senses the magnitude of the brake pedal force to pass induced currents of different magnitudes into the excitation coil (22) to generate magnetic flux lines, and the rotor disk generates a braking torque by cutting the magnetic flux lines; the second switch is a servo motor (14) switch, and by closing the second switch, the servo motor (14) controls the distance of axial movement of the outer stator according to the magnitude of the sensed pedal force, thereby controlling the area of ​​overlap between the outer stator and the permanent magnet, and the outer stator cuts the magnetic flux lines generated by the permanent magnet (15), thereby generating a braking torque.

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